CN115963068B - Method and device for measuring content of skin tissue components - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring content of skin tissue components Download PDFInfo
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- CN115963068B CN115963068B CN202310250506.7A CN202310250506A CN115963068B CN 115963068 B CN115963068 B CN 115963068B CN 202310250506 A CN202310250506 A CN 202310250506A CN 115963068 B CN115963068 B CN 115963068B
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Abstract
The application relates to a method and a device for measuring the content of skin tissue components, and relates to the field of skin detection. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of tissue components to be detected in a sample sheet along with the change of the wavelength of incident light under each preset content; dividing skin tissue to be measured into n layers, and sequentially focusing light to each layer of skin tissue to be measured; drawing a first normalized curve of backward scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be detected and a second normalized curve of incident light; drawing a sample curve according to the first normalized curve and the second normalized curve; comparing the sample curve with each standard curve to determine the target content of the tissue components to be detected in the skin tissue to be detected corresponding to the sample curve; and obtaining a three-dimensional content distribution diagram of the tissue components to be measured in each layer of skin tissues to be measured according to the target content of the tissue components to be measured in each layer of skin tissues to be measured. The method and the device are used for solving the problem that the content of the tissue components in the skin cannot be accurately and nondestructively detected.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of skin detection, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the content of skin tissue components.
Background
The skin detector used in beauty parlor is mainly used for measuring cutin, grease, wrinkle, skin color, color spot and the like of skin, and the skin elasticity tester quantitatively evaluates the elasticity, tension, hardness of the skin and aging of collagen fibers by quantifying the microscopic elasticity of the skin. Analysis of a specific tissue component in living tissue cannot be performed. Taking collagen as an example, the collagen can improve the elasticity of skin, and the collagen in the skin can be lost with the age of people to cause the skin to generate wrinkles, so that the collagen plays a very important role in regulating the regeneration of epidermis and can promote cell adhesion and cell proliferation. Collagen is usually tested by extracting Hydroxyproline (HYP) contained in collagen, and determining the content of the collagen by spectrophotometry. In recent years, researchers also use methods such as high performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and the like to measure the content of collagen. These methods require, without exception, removing a part of skin tissue from living organism tissue, destroying and dissolving the skin tissue, and then measuring the characteristic absorption peak area of the substance to obtain the collagen content in the skin tissue.
The method for measuring different tissue components is different, each tissue component in the skin is tested by the prior art, the skin is required to be sampled from living tissues, and the purpose of measuring a certain tissue component in the skin is achieved by destroying a sample and testing a certain specific substance.
Taking collagen as an example, the existing collagen content testing method is as follows:
the use of Hydroxyproline (HYP) spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, and the like, has no exception in that a part of skin tissue is removed from living tissue, and the removed skin tissue is subjected to a destruction treatment to determine the collagen content.
In the prior art, the skin collagen is also measured by adopting a fluorescence method, the principle is that the collagen is structural protein in skin tissues, the quantity and health of the collagen relate to the generation of external wrinkles and the aging of the skin, and because the collagen has autofluorescence, the fluorescence spectrum or the intensity of a dermis layer can be changed according to the type or the crosslinking state of the collagen, the content and the structure of the collagen can be tested according to the fluorescence spectrum of the skin, only a approximate content range can be obtained, and the method can only detect the content of the skin collagen and can not detect the content of other tissue components.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method and a device for measuring the content of skin tissue components, which are used for solving the problem that the content of the tissue components in the skin cannot be accurately and nondestructively measured.
In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining the content of a skin tissue component, including:
obtaining a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of tissue components to be detected in a sample sheet under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of incident light, wherein the spectral intensity difference is the difference obtained by subtracting the spectral intensity of back scattered light from the spectral intensity of the incident light, and the thickness of the sample sheet is a preset thickness;
dividing a skin sample to be measured into n layers of skin tissues to be measured, and sequentially focusing light to each layer of skin tissues to be measured, wherein the thickness of each layer of skin tissues to be measured is equal to the preset thickness;
drawing a first normalization curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be detected along with the change of the wavelength of incident light;
drawing a second normalization curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of each layer of the skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of the incident light;
according to the first normalization curve and the second normalization curve, drawing a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the change of the wavelength of incident light;
comparing the sample curve with each standard curve, taking a standard curve with similarity larger than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, and taking the preset content corresponding to the target standard curve as the target content of the tissue component to be detected in the skin tissue to be detected corresponding to the sample curve;
obtaining a two-dimensional content distribution diagram of the tissue components to be detected in the skin sample to be detected according to the target content of the tissue components to be detected in each layer of the skin tissue to be detected;
and carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected to generate a three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a device for determining the content of a skin tissue component, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be detected in the sample sheet under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light, wherein the spectral intensity difference is the difference obtained by subtracting the spectral intensity of the back scattered light from the spectral intensity of the incident light, and the thickness of the sample sheet is the preset thickness;
the first processing module is used for dividing a skin sample to be detected into n layers of skin tissues to be detected and sequentially focusing light to each layer of skin tissues to be detected, wherein the thickness of each layer of skin tissues to be detected is equal to the preset thickness;
the first drawing module is used for drawing a first normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of incident light;
the second drawing module is used for drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of each layer of the skin tissue to be tested along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light;
the third drawing module is used for drawing a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of the skin tissue to be tested along with the change of the wavelength of incident light according to the first normalization curve and the second normalization curve;
the second processing module is used for comparing the sample curve with each standard curve, taking a standard curve with similarity larger than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, and taking preset content corresponding to the target standard curve as target content of the tissue components to be detected in the skin tissue to be detected corresponding to the sample curve;
the third processing module is used for obtaining a two-dimensional content distribution diagram of the tissue components to be detected in the skin sample to be detected according to the target content of the tissue components to be detected in each layer of the skin tissue to be detected;
and the fourth processing module is used for generating a three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected by carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application has the following advantages: in the method, the skin sample to be measured is divided into n layers of skin tissues to be measured, light is focused on each layer of skin tissues to be measured in sequence, the skin sample to be measured is not required to be taken down from a human body, nondestructive detection is achieved, a sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of skin tissues to be measured, which changes along with the wavelength of incident light, is drawn according to the change of the light focusing depth based on an in-vivo slicing technology, and a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be measured, which changes along with the wavelength of incident light, is drawn through a sample sheet.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it will be obvious to a person skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the content of skin tissue components in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a standard curve of tissue elements to be tested at different predetermined levels in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a normalized standard curve of tissue components under test at different preset contents according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of dividing a skin sample to be tested into n layers of skin tissue to be tested according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the spectral intensity of the backscattered light and the wavelength of the incident light for each layer in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing a first normalized curve of the spectral intensity of backscattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be measured as a function of the wavelength of incident light in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of marking the skin using a caliper function to determine skin thickness in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the spectral intensity differences of each layer of skin tissue to be measured plotted as a function of the wavelength of incident light according to method one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing Z in an embodiment of the present application 1 Subtracting Z from the value in the first normalized curve of (2) 2 Values in the first normalized curve of (2) to obtain Z 2 Is a schematic representation of the sample curve;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a sample plot of spectral intensity differences of skin tissue under test plotted according to method two as a function of wavelength of incident light in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a sample curve and standard curves aligned in accordance with one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a device for measuring the content of skin tissue elements in the embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden from the present disclosure, are within the scope of the present application based on the embodiments herein.
In an embodiment of the application, a method for measuring the content of skin tissue components is provided. As shown in fig. 1, the flow of the method for measuring the content of skin tissue components mainly comprises the following steps:
The spectrum intensity difference is a difference obtained by subtracting the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light from the spectrum intensity of the incident light, and the thickness of the sample sheet is a preset thickness.
The sample sheet is used to simulate the skin tissue to be tested. In the process of drawing all standard curves, only sample thin slices with the same thickness can be used, namely the thickness of the sample thin slices is a preset thickness. The thickness of the sample sheet may be 10 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 35 μm, 50 μm, 75 μm, 100 μm, etc., and may be set according to user's needs. The thickness of the sample sheet is preset, the skin sample to be measured is divided into n layers of skin tissues to be measured, light is focused on each layer of skin tissues to be measured in sequence, and the thickness of each layer of skin tissues to be measured is equal to the preset thickness, namely the thickness of the sample sheet determines the stepping distance of the light focusing depth in the measuring process.
In one embodiment, obtaining a standard curve of a spectral intensity difference of tissue components to be measured in a sample sheet under each preset content along with a change of a wavelength of incident light includes: preparing solutions of tissue components to be tested with different contents by taking the tissue components to be tested and a dispersion medium as raw materials, and preparing the solutions into sample slices, wherein the dispersion medium is a liquid dispersing agent capable of uniformly and stably dispersing the tissue components to be tested, and the contents of the tissue components to be tested in different sample slices are different; irradiating light to each sample slice, drawing a third normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the backward scattered light of each sample slice along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light, and drawing a fourth normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the incident light of each sample slice along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light; and drawing a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be measured under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light according to the third normalized curve and the fourth normalized curve.
The tissue component to be tested refers to a tissue component with a content to be tested, for example, the tissue component to be tested may be collagen. The dispersion medium may be a liquid dispersion agent capable of uniformly and stably dispersing the tissue components to be measured, including distilled water, pure water, acetic acid, ethanol, a water-ethanol mixed solvent, and the like. The contents of the tissue components to be measured in different sample sheets are different, and each sample sheet draws a standard curve, namely, each content of the tissue components to be measured draws a standard curve.
In a specific embodiment, using the tissue components to be tested and the dispersion medium as raw materials, preparing solutions with different contents of the tissue components to be tested, where the following two situations generally exist:
case one
Under the condition that the tissue components to be measured consist of one substance, the proportion of the tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium is changed by taking the tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium as raw materials, and solutions with different contents of the tissue components to be measured are prepared.
The content of the tissue components to be measured refers to the ratio of the tissue components to be measured to the total amount of the solution.
For example, the content of the tissue component to be measured may be 10%, 20%, 30%, … …, or 5%, 10%, 15%, … …, or 1%, 2%, 3%, … …, or 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, … …, etc.
Case two
Under the condition that the tissue components to be measured consist of at least two substances, taking the tissue components to be measured and a dispersion medium as raw materials, keeping the proportion of various substances in the tissue components to be measured unchanged, changing the proportion of the total tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium, preparing solutions of the tissue components to be measured with different contents, changing the proportion of various substances in the tissue components to be measured, keeping the proportion of the total tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium unchanged, and preparing solutions of the tissue components to be measured with different contents.
The content of the tissue components to be measured is the ratio of various substances in the tissue components to be measured, the ratio of the total tissue components to be measured to the dispersion medium is changed, and the ratio of the total tissue components to be measured to the total mass of the solution is changed when the ratio of the total tissue components to the dispersion medium is unchanged.
In the case where the tissue component to be measured is composed of at least two substances, it is necessary to prepare a sample sheet from a solution formed by mixing all the substances in the tissue component to be measured and then preparing the solution in different proportions with a dispersion medium.
The ratio of various substances in the tissue components to be measured is kept unchanged, the ratio of the total tissue components to be measured to the dispersion medium is changed, and the ratio of the total tissue components to be measured to the dispersion medium can be 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, … …, may also be 1:99,2:98,3:97 … … 97:3,98: 2,99: 1, other ratios are also possible. Taking two substances contained in the tissue components to be measured as examples, the mixing ratio of the two substances can be: 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, 70:30, … …, may also be 1:99,2:98,3:97 … … 97:3,98: 2,99: 1, may be 0.5:99.5,1:99,1.5:98.5 … … 99:1,99.5: 0.5, other ratios are also possible.
For example: taking the tissue components to be tested as collagen as an example, since the collagen in the skin of a human body mainly comprises type I collagen and type III collagen, and the content of other types of collagen is very small, when the collagen is tested, the collagen solution is prepared by using a mixture of type I collagen and type III collagen and a liquid dispersing agent, the proportion of the type I collagen and the type III collagen is kept unchanged, the standard curve between the difference of spectral intensity and the wavelength of incident light under the condition that the mass ratio of the collagen to the solution is changed, namely the concentration of the collagen solution is drawn, and the standard curve between the difference of spectral intensity and the wavelength of the incident light under the condition that the mass ratio of the collagen to the solution is the same, namely the concentration of the collagen is drawn according to the difference of the mixing ratio of the type I collagen and the type III collagen. For example, tissue component content 1: the ratio of type I collagen to type III collagen is 5:95, the total amount of the type I collagen and the type III collagen is 50g, the mass of the dispersion medium is 950g, and the mass ratio of the collagen to the solution, namely the concentration of the collagen is 5%; tissue composition content 2: the ratio of type I collagen to type III collagen is 5:95, the total amount of the type I collagen and the type III collagen is 50g, the mass of the dispersion medium is 450g, and the mass ratio of the collagen to the solution, namely the concentration of the collagen is 10%; tissue composition content 3: the ratio of type I collagen to type III collagen is 10: the total amount of the type I collagen and the type III collagen is 50g, the mass of the dispersion medium is 450g, and the mass ratio of the collagen to the solution, namely the concentration of the collagen is 10%.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a standard curve of the tissue components to be tested at different preset contents is shown. In fig. 2, the horizontal axis represents the wavelength λ of incident light, and the vertical axis represents the spectral intensity difference. In fig. 2, the standard curves of the tissue elements to be measured at 3 preset levels are shown, namely tissue element level 1, tissue element level 2 and tissue element level 3. The tissue element content 1, the tissue element content 2 and the tissue element content 3 represent the content change of the tissue element to be measured. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a diagram is shown after normalizing the standard curves of the tissue components to be tested under different preset contents.
Wherein, the thickness of each layer of skin tissue to be measured is equal to the preset thickness. Sequentially focusing light onto each layer of skin tissue to be tested, wherein Z is used for different layers of skin tissue to be tested 1 、Z 2 、Z 3 ……Z n The larger the number, the deeper the depth of the layer in the skin to be tested. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of dividing the skin sample to be measured into n layers of skin tissue to be measured is shown. In FIG. 4, the first layer of skin tissue to be measured, Z 1 The location is a layer of tissue exposed to air. The rest are all tissue layers which are not contacted with air. Z is Z 1 Is the uppermost layer of the epidermis layer, Z 1 Is the first layer of skin tissue to be measured, Z 2 Is the second layer of skin tissue to be measured, Z n Is the nth layer of skin tissue to be measured. Z is Z 2 The depth of the position is Z 1 The depth of the position is added with the preset thickness, Z 3 The depth of the position is Z 2 The depth of the location is added with the preset thickness. The more the number of n in the skin sample to be measured is, the more the obtained data volume and the relation graph are, and in practical application, the number of n is required to be determined according to the data volume and the equipment hardware condition actually required.
And 103, drawing a first normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of incident light.
The spectral intensity of the backscattered light can be directly measured. Each layer is plotted against the spectral intensity of the backscattered light from the layer versus the wavelength of the incident light. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a graph of the spectral intensity of the backscattered light versus the wavelength of the incident light for each layer is illustrated. In fig. 5, the horizontal axis represents the wavelength λ of incident light, and the vertical axis represents the spectral intensity of backscattered light. With different layers Z 1 、Z 2 、Z n And (3) representing. Normalizing the relationship curve between the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light and the wavelength of the incident light of each layer in FIG. 5 to obtain a first normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be measured changing with the wavelength of the incident lightA wire. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a schematic diagram of a first normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the backscattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be measured as a function of the wavelength of the incident light is shown.
And 104, drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of each layer of skin tissue to be measured according to the wavelength change of the incident light.
And 105, drawing a sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be measured according to the first normalized curve and the second normalized curve, wherein the sample curve changes along with the wavelength of incident light.
In the application, two different methods are provided for drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of the incident light, and further, drawing a sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of the incident light. The two methods are specifically as follows:
method one
Drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of incident light of each layer of skin tissue to be measured along with the wavelength change of the incident light, wherein the second normalized curve comprises the following steps: obtaining the epidermis thickness in a skin sample to be tested; acquiring a spectrum intensity attenuation curve of each layer of skin tissue to be detected; and fitting according to the spectral intensity of the incident light, the epidermis thickness and the spectral intensity attenuation curve of each layer of skin tissue to be measured to obtain a second normalized curve of each layer of skin tissue to be measured.
Wherein, obtain the epidermis thickness in the skin sample that awaits measuring, include: back scattered light formed after illumination of a sample arm of an Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) system irradiates a skin sample to be detected and reflected light of a reference arm interfere with each other to form interference light; converting interference light from an optical signal into an electric signal, and calculating by an optical coherence tomography imaging algorithm to form a three-dimensional tissue image of the skin sample to be detected; the thickness of the epidermis in the skin sample to be measured is measured using the caliper function in optical coherence tomography imaging to mark the epidermis. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, a schematic representation of skin thickness is measured for marking the skin using a caliper function. The surface layer is marked by using the function of a caliper, and the thickness of the surface layer is the surface thickness.
After the light irradiates the skin sample to be measured, each tissue component in the skin sample to be measured absorbs and scatters the light, the deeper the irradiation depth is, the more serious the phenomenon that the light scatters occurs, so that the more serious the phenomenon that the light attenuates occurs along with the deepening of the irradiation depth, the content measurement of each tissue component in the skin sample to be measured is greatly influenced, and therefore, the spectral intensity attenuation curve changing along with the irradiation depth of the light, namely the spectral intensity attenuation curve of each layer of skin tissue to be measured is obtained by carrying out attenuation curve on the spectral intensity of the light.
According to the first normalization curve and the second normalization curve, drawing a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be measured along with the change of the wavelength of incident light, wherein the sample curve comprises the following components: and subtracting the value in the first normalized curve from the value in the second normalized curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the same layer to obtain a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be measured along with the change of the wavelength of incident light.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, a schematic diagram of a sample plot of the spectral intensity differences of each layer of skin tissue to be measured as a function of the wavelength of incident light is shown according to method one.
Method II
Drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of incident light of each layer of skin tissue to be measured along with the wavelength change of the incident light, wherein the second normalized curve comprises the following steps: directly measuring and drawing a second normalized curve of the first layer of skin tissue to be measured, wherein the first layer of skin tissue to be measured is a tissue layer exposed to air; directly measuring and drawing a first normalization curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the ith layer, and taking the first normalization curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the ith layer as a second normalization curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the (i+1) th layer, wherein i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than n, and i is a positive integer.
According to the first normalization curve and the second normalization curve, drawing a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be measured along with the change of the wavelength of incident light, wherein the sample curve comprises the following components: directly measuring and drawing a sample curve of the first layer of skin tissue to be measured; subtracting the value in the first normalized curve of the (i+1) th layer of skin tissue to be measured from the value in the first normalized curve of the (i+1) th layer of skin tissue to be measured to obtain a sample curve of the (i+1) th layer of skin tissue to be measured, wherein i is a positive integer, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.
Because the epidermis thickness does not need to be measured in the second method, the value in the first normalized curve of the skin tissue to be measured in the ith layer is subtracted from the value in the first normalized curve of the skin tissue to be measured in the (i+1) th layer to obtain a sample curve of the skin tissue to be measured in the (i+1) th layer. For example, i=1, Z 1 Subtracting Z from the value in the first normalized curve of (2) 2 Values in the first normalized curve of (2) to obtain Z 2 Will Z 2 Subtracting Z from the value in the first normalized curve of (2) 3 Values in the first normalized curve of (2) to obtain Z 3 Will Z n-1 Subtracting Z from the value in the first normalized curve of (2) n Values in the first normalized curve of (2) to obtain Z n Is a sample of the sample. The step change is the data difference between the first normalized curves of the components of the two layers of tissues to be tested, the step change can be the difference between two adjacent layers or the difference between two non-adjacent layers, but the step change distances of all the drawn curves are the same, and the lower layer of tissues to be tested of the last step change is used as the upper layer of tissues to be tested of the next step change. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, Z is 1 Subtracting Z from the value in the first normalized curve of (2) 2 Values in the first normalized curve of (2) to obtain Z 2 Is a schematic representation of the sample curve of (a). In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 10, a schematic diagram of a sample plot of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be measured plotted according to method two as a function of the wavelength of incident light is shown.
And 106, comparing the sample curve with each standard curve, taking the standard curve with similarity larger than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, and taking the preset content corresponding to the target standard curve as the target content of the tissue component to be detected in the skin tissue to be detected corresponding to the sample curve.
The preset similarity value may be an empirical value or a numerical value obtained by multiple tests. For example, the preset similarity value may be set to 95%.
The method of comparing the sample curve to the respective standard curve may comprise: dot-based DTW (Dynamic Time Warping ), EDR (Edit Distance on Real sequence, edit distance), shape-based Frechet, hausdorff, segment-based One distance, LIP distance, etc., may also be compared using the simple method of this particular embodiment below.
In a specific embodiment, comparing the sample curve with each standard curve, and using a standard curve with similarity greater than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, the method includes: placing the sample curve and each standard curve into the range of the same pixel set, wherein the length and width of the pixel set need to completely contain the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the sample curve and each standard curve; comparing the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the pixel sets where each point on the sample curve and each standard curve is located in the range of the pixel sets; and taking a standard curve with the same coordinate of the abscissa and the ordinate of the pixel set, which is in the range of the pixel set and is located on each point on the sample curve, exceeding a preset proportional value as a target standard curve.
The size of the pixel set is determined according to the abscissa of the curve, and the size of the pixel set may be 300×300, 600×600, 900×900, 1200×1200, 2048×2048, etc., to include the abscissa range of all the curves.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, a schematic diagram is provided for comparing the sample curve with each standard curve. In fig. 11, graphs a-G are graphs drawn under the same coordinate system, wherein graphs a-F are standard graphs of different collagen contents, graph G is a graph of collagen contents of a measured sample, graphs a-F and graph G are compared in a pixel set, all images are in the pixel set with 600 x 600, the graph G of the measured sample is compared with the standard graphs of graphs a-F, two peaks and one trough shown in graph G of the measured sample are located in the pixel set, assuming that pixel points where the peaks and the troughs are located from left to right are (100, 400) (280, 50) and (350, 270) respectively, in six graphs of the comparison standard graphs a-F, the graph E and graph G have the same number of peaks and troughs, and the positions of the peaks and troughs in the pixel set are the same, the positions of other points on the graph in graph E and graph G are continuously compared, if the positions of the other points on the graph in graph E and graph G are located in the same pixel points, the graph E is considered that the same graph E and the graph E is the collagen content of 95%, and the graph E is considered to be the collagen content of the graph is the same, and the graph is obtained.
And step 108, performing three-dimensional reconstruction on the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected to generate a three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected.
In summary, in the application, the skin sample to be measured is divided into n layers of skin tissues to be measured, light is focused on each layer of skin tissues to be measured in sequence, the skin sample to be measured is not required to be taken down from a human body, nondestructive detection is achieved, a sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of skin tissues to be measured along with the change of the wavelength of incident light is drawn according to the change of the depth of light focusing based on the in-vivo slicing technology, moreover, a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be measured under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of incident light is drawn through a sample sheet, the sample curve and each standard curve are further compared, the target content of the tissue components to be measured in each layer of skin tissues to be measured can be accurately determined, the content distribution map of the tissue components to be measured in each layer of skin tissues to be measured is obtained, the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be measured is subjected to three-dimensional reconstruction, and the three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be measured is generated, and the problem that the content of the tissue components to be measured in the skin cannot be accurately and nondestructively detected is solved.
Based on the same conception, the embodiment of the present application provides a device for determining the content of skin tissue components, the specific implementation of the device may be referred to the description of the embodiment of the method, and the repetition is omitted, as shown in fig. 12, where the device mainly includes:
the obtaining module 1201 is configured to obtain a standard curve of a spectral intensity difference of tissue components to be measured in a sample sheet under each preset content along with a change of an incident light wavelength, where the spectral intensity difference is a difference obtained by subtracting a spectral intensity of back scattered light from a spectral intensity of the incident light, and a thickness of the sample sheet is a preset thickness;
a first processing module 1202, configured to divide a skin sample to be measured into n layers of skin tissue to be measured, and focus light onto each layer of the skin tissue to be measured in sequence, where a thickness of each layer of the skin tissue to be measured is equal to the preset thickness;
a first drawing module 1203, configured to draw a first normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the backscattered light of each layer of the skin tissue to be measured according to the wavelength of the incident light;
a second drawing module 1204, configured to draw a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of the skin tissue to be measured according to the wavelength of the incident light;
a third drawing module 1205, configured to draw a sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of the skin tissue to be measured according to the first normalized curve and the second normalized curve, where the sample curve varies with the wavelength of incident light;
a second processing module 1206, configured to compare the sample curve with each of the standard curves, and use a standard curve with a similarity greater than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, and use a preset content corresponding to the target standard curve as a target content of the tissue component to be tested in the skin tissue to be tested corresponding to the sample curve;
a third processing module 1207, configured to obtain a two-dimensional content distribution diagram of the tissue component to be measured in the skin sample to be measured according to the target content of the tissue component to be measured in each layer of the skin tissue to be measured;
the fourth processing module 1208 is configured to reconstruct the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue component to be measured in three dimensions, and generate a three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue component to be measured.
It should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The foregoing is only a specific embodiment of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to understand or practice the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring the content of skin tissue components, comprising:
obtaining a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of tissue components to be detected in a sample sheet under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of incident light, wherein the spectral intensity difference is the difference obtained by subtracting the spectral intensity of back scattered light from the spectral intensity of the incident light, and the thickness of the sample sheet is a preset thickness;
dividing a skin sample to be measured into n layers of skin tissues to be measured, and sequentially focusing light to each layer of skin tissues to be measured, wherein the thickness of each layer of skin tissues to be measured is equal to the preset thickness;
drawing a first normalization curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be detected along with the change of the wavelength of incident light;
drawing a second normalization curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of each layer of the skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of the incident light;
according to the first normalization curve and the second normalization curve, drawing a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the change of the wavelength of incident light;
comparing the sample curve with each standard curve, taking a standard curve with similarity larger than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, and taking the preset content corresponding to the target standard curve as the target content of the tissue component to be detected in the skin tissue to be detected corresponding to the sample curve;
obtaining a two-dimensional content distribution diagram of the tissue components to be detected in the skin sample to be detected according to the target content of the tissue components to be detected in each layer of the skin tissue to be detected;
and carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected to generate a three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected.
2. The method for measuring the content of skin tissue components according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be measured in the sample sheet at each preset content according to the wavelength of incident light comprises:
preparing solutions of the tissue components to be tested with different contents by taking the tissue components to be tested and a dispersion medium as raw materials, and preparing the solutions into sample sheets, wherein the dispersion medium is a liquid dispersing agent capable of uniformly and stably dispersing the tissue components to be tested, and the contents of the tissue components to be tested in different sample sheets are different;
irradiating light to each sample slice, drawing a third normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each sample slice along with the wavelength of the incident light, and drawing a fourth normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the incident light of each sample slice along with the wavelength of the incident light;
and drawing a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be tested under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light according to the third normalized curve and the fourth normalized curve.
3. The method for measuring the content of a skin tissue component according to claim 2, wherein the preparing solutions of the tissue component to be measured with different contents using the tissue component to be measured and a dispersion medium as raw materials comprises:
under the condition that the tissue components to be detected consist of one substance, the tissue components to be detected and a dispersion medium are taken as raw materials, the proportion of the tissue components to be detected and the dispersion medium is changed, and solutions with different contents of the tissue components to be detected are prepared, wherein the content of the tissue components to be detected refers to the ratio of the tissue components to be detected to the total amount of the solutions;
under the condition that the tissue components to be measured consist of at least two substances, the tissue components to be measured and a dispersion medium are taken as raw materials, the proportion of various substances in the tissue components to be measured is kept unchanged, the proportion of the total tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium is changed, solutions with different contents of the tissue components to be measured are prepared, the proportion of various substances in the tissue components to be measured is changed, the proportion of the total tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium is kept unchanged, solutions with different contents of the tissue components to be measured are prepared, wherein the content of the tissue components to be measured refers to the proportion of various substances in the tissue components to be measured is unchanged, the proportion of the total tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium is changed, and the ratio of the total tissue components to be measured to the total solution is changed when the proportion of the total tissue components to be measured and the dispersion medium is unchanged.
4. The method for measuring the content of skin tissue components according to claim 1, wherein the drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of the skin tissue to be measured with respect to the wavelength of the incident light comprises:
obtaining the epidermis thickness in the skin sample to be detected;
acquiring a spectrum intensity attenuation curve of each layer of skin tissue to be detected;
and fitting to obtain a second normalized curve of each layer of skin tissue to be measured according to the spectral intensity of the incident light, the epidermis thickness and the spectral intensity attenuation curve of each layer of skin tissue to be measured.
5. The method for measuring the content of skin tissue components according to claim 4, wherein the step of obtaining the thickness of epidermis in the skin sample to be measured comprises:
the backward scattered light formed after the illumination of the sample arm of the optical coherence tomography imaging system irradiates the skin sample to be detected and the reflected light of the reference arm interfere with each other to form interference light;
converting the interference light from an optical signal to an electric signal, and calculating by an optical coherence tomography imaging algorithm to form a three-dimensional tissue image of the skin sample to be detected;
marking the epidermis by using a caliper function in optical coherence tomography imaging, and measuring the epidermis thickness in the skin sample to be measured.
6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the plotting the sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of the skin tissue to be measured as a function of the wavelength of the incident light according to the first normalized curve and the second normalized curve comprises:
subtracting the values in the first normalized curve from the values in the second normalized curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the same layer to obtain a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of the skin tissue to be measured, wherein the sample curve changes along with the wavelength of incident light.
7. The method for measuring the content of skin tissue components according to claim 1, wherein the drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of the skin tissue to be measured with respect to the wavelength of the incident light comprises:
directly measuring and drawing a second normalized curve of a first layer of skin tissue to be measured, wherein the first layer of skin tissue to be measured is a tissue layer exposed to air;
directly measuring and drawing a first normalization curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the ith layer, and taking the first normalization curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the ith layer as a second normalization curve of the skin tissue to be measured of the (i+1) th layer, wherein i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than n, and i is a positive integer.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the plotting the sample curve of the spectral intensity difference of each layer of the skin tissue to be measured according to the wavelength of incident light according to the first normalized curve and the second normalized curve comprises:
directly measuring and drawing a sample curve of the first layer of skin tissue to be measured;
subtracting the value in the first normalized curve of the (i+1) th layer of skin tissue to be measured from the value in the first normalized curve of the (i+1) th layer of skin tissue to be measured to obtain a sample curve of the (i+1) th layer of skin tissue to be measured, wherein i is a positive integer, and i is greater than or equal to 1 and less than n.
9. The device for measuring the content of a skin tissue component is characterized by comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a standard curve of the spectral intensity difference of the tissue components to be detected in the sample sheet under each preset content along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light, wherein the spectral intensity difference is the difference obtained by subtracting the spectral intensity of the back scattered light from the spectral intensity of the incident light, and the thickness of the sample sheet is the preset thickness;
the first processing module is used for dividing a skin sample to be detected into n layers of skin tissues to be detected and sequentially focusing light to each layer of skin tissues to be detected, wherein the thickness of each layer of skin tissues to be detected is equal to the preset thickness;
the first drawing module is used for drawing a first normalized curve of the spectrum intensity of the back scattered light of each layer of skin tissue to be tested along with the wavelength change of incident light;
the second drawing module is used for drawing a second normalized curve of the spectral intensity of the incident light of each layer of the skin tissue to be tested along with the change of the wavelength of the incident light;
the third drawing module is used for drawing a sample curve of the spectrum intensity difference of each layer of the skin tissue to be tested along with the change of the wavelength of incident light according to the first normalization curve and the second normalization curve;
the second processing module is used for comparing the sample curve with each standard curve, taking a standard curve with similarity larger than a preset similarity value as a target standard curve, and taking preset content corresponding to the target standard curve as target content of the tissue components to be detected in the skin tissue to be detected corresponding to the sample curve;
the third processing module is used for obtaining a two-dimensional content distribution diagram of the tissue components to be detected in the skin sample to be detected according to the target content of the tissue components to be detected in each layer of the skin tissue to be detected;
and the fourth processing module is used for generating a three-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected by carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction on the two-dimensional content distribution map of the tissue components to be detected.
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