CN115959934B - Environment-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device - Google Patents
Environment-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115959934B CN115959934B CN202310013388.8A CN202310013388A CN115959934B CN 115959934 B CN115959934 B CN 115959934B CN 202310013388 A CN202310013388 A CN 202310013388A CN 115959934 B CN115959934 B CN 115959934B
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- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 149
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 132
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 33
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 5
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010564 aerobic fermentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device, which comprises a box body, a flow guiding device, an adjusting device, a partition plate and a fermentation membrane, wherein the box body is connected with the flow guiding device, the adjusting device is connected with the box body, a fermentation cavity and a liquid collecting chamber are respectively arranged on the box body along the vertical direction, the partition plate is arranged between the fermentation cavity and the liquid collecting chamber, a liquid collecting flow passage is arranged on the partition plate, the upper end and the lower end of the liquid collecting flow passage are respectively communicated with the fermentation cavity and the liquid collecting chamber, the fermentation membrane is arranged at the top end of the fermentation cavity, a plurality of slotted holes are formed along the top surface of the fermentation cavity, the fermentation cavity is communicated with the air through the fermentation membrane, the outer side of the slotted holes is communicated with the air, the fermentation membrane arranged at the top of the fermentation cavity has selective permeability and is used for discharging water vapor, carbon dioxide and the like out of the fermentation cavity, the slotted holes are kept closed through an opening and closing plate in the anaerobic process, and the opening and closing plate in the aerobic stage is automatically opened in the anaerobic process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic waste treatment, in particular to an environment-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device.
Background
In recent years, along with the continuous improvement of the energy conservation and environmental protection consciousness of residents, more and more equipment is started to be applied to the energy conservation and environmental protection field, wherein the most commonly used equipment is composting equipment, organic wastes are fermented in an aerobic or anaerobic environment to reproduce microorganisms, and the organic wastes are degraded to form organic fertilizers, so that the organic wastes are recycled.
However, most of the existing organic waste treatment devices are anaerobic fermentation devices or aerobic fermentation devices, and because the anaerobic fermentation process and the aerobic fermentation process have different fermentation environments, the oxygen concentration and the pile turning frequency are required to be controlled in the fermentation process, the anaerobic process and the aerobic process cannot be simply combined, otherwise, the two processes are incompatible, the same control device has overlarge repeatability, the space occupation ratio is improved, and the use is inconvenient.
In the composting process, a large amount of percolate is easy to generate in the windrow, when the liquid discharge is not in time, the windrow is soaked in the percolate, and oxygen dissolved in the percolate can influence the anaerobic process, so that the anaerobic fermentation quality is reduced. In addition, high temperature is easy to generate in the composting fermentation process, and the organic waste components are different, so that the heat generated in the fermentation process is different, the temperature balance can not be kept in the fermentation process, and the fermentation quality is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an environment-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides an organic waste of environmental protection type is good anaerobic integrated processing apparatus, which comprises a box body, guiding device, adjusting device, baffle and fermentation membrane, box and guiding device are connected, adjusting device and box are connected, be equipped with fermentation chamber and collecting chamber respectively along vertical direction on the box, be equipped with the baffle between fermentation chamber and the collecting chamber, be equipped with the liquid collecting channel on the baffle, both ends are switched on with fermentation chamber and collecting chamber respectively about the liquid collecting channel, fermentation chamber top is equipped with the fermentation membrane, a plurality of slotted holes have been seted up along fermentation chamber top surface, fermentation chamber passes through fermentation membrane and slotted hole intercommunication, the slotted hole outside communicates with the atmosphere.
The box is used as main installation basis for install other devices, provide good anaerobic fermentation space through the fermentation chamber, receive the liquid flow channel through on the baffle and carry out the water conservancy diversion, and collect the percolate in the fermentation process through the plenum chamber of bottom, prevent that the percolate from soaking the windrow, the fermentation effect is influenced, carry out the air conservancy diversion through guiding device, be convenient for carry out good anaerobism process and switch, thereby carry out integrated processing to the windrow, carry out power transmission through adjusting device, carry out automatic stirring to the windrow, improve flowing back efficiency, prevent the hydrops, the fermentation membrane that fermentation chamber top set up has the selectivity, be used for discharging out fermentation chamber with steam and carbon dioxide etc. the slotted hole keeps closed through opening and closing the board in the anaerobism in-process, the aerobic phase is opened and is closed the board automatically opened, make the fermentation chamber through fermentation membrane and slotted hole and atmosphere intercommunication.
Further, guiding device includes elevator pump and pressure regulating fan, is equipped with the sprue on the box, and sprue one end and plenum intercommunication, elevator pump import and sprue pipeline intercommunication, fermentation chamber top are equipped with a plurality of shower nozzles, and the elevator pump export passes through pipeline and shower nozzle intercommunication, is equipped with the sprue on the box, pressure regulating fan shell and box fastening connection, pressure regulating fan output and sprue pipeline intercommunication are equipped with the subchannel on the baffle, and the sprue is terminal to be switched on with the runner, and adjusting device includes the electrothermal tube, is equipped with the hydrops groove on the subchannel, is equipped with the electrothermal tube in the hydrops groove.
The lifting pump is used as a main power source, liquid is automatically pumped in the fermentation stage, percolate at the bottom of the liquid collecting chamber is automatically pressurized, the percolate is pumped to the upper part of the fermentation cavity through a pipeline, the liquid outlet end of the spray head penetrates through the fermentation membrane and faces the fermentation cavity, the percolate is sprayed onto the stacking material again through the spray head to provide fermentation efficiency, the percolate is guided through the back flow channel, the pressure regulating fan is arranged on one side of the box body, the servo motor is used as a driving device, the forward rotation can be also reversed, the air pressure in the fermentation cavity is regulated through the pressure regulating fan, heating is carried out through the electric heating tube in the anaerobic fermentation process, part of percolate flows into the liquid collecting tank along the flow distribution channel, is heated through the electric heating tube, the heated percolate is atomized, flows into the fermentation cavity along the flow distribution channel, hot air flow enters the stacking material under the action of air pressure, the automatic heating is carried out on the stacking material, and the fermentation efficiency is ensured.
Further, the flow guiding device further comprises a sealing plate and a reversing plate, the reversing plate is located at the inlet of the flow dividing channel, the reversing plate is connected with the inlet of the flow dividing channel in an upper rotating mode, an air outlet flow channel is arranged on the box body, the inlet of the air outlet flow channel faces the fermentation cavity, the outlet of the air outlet flow channel is intermittently communicated with the flow guiding channel, and the sealing plate is connected with the outlet of the air outlet flow channel in a rotating mode.
The flow paths are switched through the sealing plates and the reversing plates, the flow paths of the flow dividing channels and the flow guiding channels are controlled to be conducted and cut off through the sealing plates, the flow dividing channel inlets are plugged through the reversing plates in the anaerobic fermentation process, the pressure regulating fans are reversed to generate suction force, the flow paths are conducted through the air outlet channels and the fermentation cavity, the slotted holes above the fermentation cavity are also closed under the action of the opening and closing plates, the pressure regulating fans are used for exhausting air outwards, the air pressure in the fermentation cavity is reduced, oxygen in the percolate is rapidly separated out along with the reduction of the air pressure, the content of dissolved oxygen in the piled percolate is also reduced in the fermentation process, and the anaerobic fermentation quality is improved.
Further, the outlet of the air outlet channel is arranged in a wedge shape, the inlet of the diversion channel is arranged in a ladder shape, and the overflow area of the diversion channel, which is close to the step surface at one end of the diversion channel, is smaller than that of the rest step surface;
Anaerobic conditions: the junction of the step surfaces of the reversing plate and the sub-runner is abutted, the sub-runner and the guide runner are cut off, and the guide runner is communicated with the fermentation cavity through the air outlet runner;
when aerobic: the sealing plate is in butt joint with the air outlet flow channel, the air outlet flow channel is blocked with the diversion flow channel, the diversion flow channel area along the inclination direction of the sealing plate is gradually reduced, and the tail end of the sealing plate faces the reversing plate.
In the anaerobic fermentation process, the pressure regulating fan reverses, is communicated with the fermentation cavity through the air outlet flow channel, the reversing plate rotates under the action of dead weight, is arranged in a stepped mode through the diversion channel, and is gradually attached to the step surface in the diversion channel rotating process, and the diversion channel is communicated with the diversion channel to be cut off; in the aerobic fermentation process, the pressure regulating fan positively rotates, air is injected through the guide channel, the air outlet channel is in wedge-shaped arrangement, the air flow pushes the sealing plate to rotate, the sealing plate is used for sealing the air outlet channel, the sealing plate is close to the guide channel and is positioned at a high position, the air flow is along the sealing plate in the forward process, the flow speed of the air flow is increased along with the reduction of the overflow section, the air flow is accelerated to accelerate the air flow, the air flow is accelerated to impact the surface of the reversing plate, the reversing plate is pushed to rotate upwards, the guide channel and the diversion channel are communicated, when the air flow flows through the liquid accumulation groove, the electric heating tube is used for heating air inlet, so that oxygen-containing hot air flow enters the stacking material from the bottom, and the stacking material is convenient to perform the like fermentation.
Further, adjusting device still includes drive assembly and aperture board, be equipped with a plurality of transmission chambeies on the baffle, drive assembly arranges the transmission intracavity in, drive assembly and aperture board transmission are connected, drive assembly includes the stirring roller, drive intracavity embeds agitator motor, agitator motor output and stirring roller transmission are connected, the stirring roller output is equipped with a plurality of blades, the blade spiral arrangement, the spiral diameter of blade progressively decreases from the bottom up, the fermentation intracavity is arranged in to the stirring roller upper end, the stirring roller outer lane is equipped with the drive ring, the drive ring includes base ring and sliding ring, be equipped with the temperature sensing gasbag between base ring and the sliding ring, base ring and stirring roller transmission are connected, be equipped with the expansion groove on the base ring, the temperature sensing gasbag is arranged in the expansion groove, temperature sensing gasbag both sides respectively with base ring and sliding ring butt, sliding ring and expansion groove sliding connection, sliding ring and aperture board transmission are connected, drive chamber one side is equipped with the spout, aperture board and spout sliding connection are equipped with a plurality of gas outlets on the branch runner, aperture board one end inserts in the gas outlet.
The stirring motor is a stirring driving power source, the stirring roller drives the blades to rotate, the blades are spirally arranged on the surface of the stirring roller, the blades are gradually decreased in the spiral direction, upward thrust is generated on the piled material in the stirring process of the piled material by the blades, so that partial piled material moves upwards, the heat distribution uniformity is convenient to improve, the stirring roller and the driving ring are made of heat conducting materials, good heat conducting performance is achieved, the stirring roller drives the blades to stir the piled material, the stirring roller is inserted into the piled material, heat is transferred through the stirring roller and the base ring, compressed gas is filled in the temperature sensing air bag, the internal compressed gas is heated and expanded through the temperature sensing air bag, one end of the temperature sensing air bag is limited by the base ring, the temperature sensing air bag continuously expands along with the internal gas, the slip ring is pushed to move outwards, the opening plate is pushed to slide along the chute, the closure area of the opening plate is adjusted, when the partial temperature is overhigh, the temperature sensing air bag is further expanded, the opening plate is pushed to move outwards, the closure area is increased, the medium flowing out of the air outlet is reduced, the local temperature rising is prevented from influencing the fermentation efficiency; meanwhile, when the local temperature rise is lower, namely, the temperature rise is smaller than the standard value, the gas in the temperature sensing air bag contracts when encountering cold, a clamping groove is formed in the opening plate to drive the opening plate to contract inwards, the interception area is reduced, the overflow is increased, the local heating performance is increased, the heat uniform distribution performance is guaranteed, the inner side of the opening plate is in arc arrangement, the sliding ring consists of a plurality of fractal blocks, the upper ends of the fractal blocks are provided with protruding blocks, the sliding ring and the opening plate are in clamping transmission through the protruding blocks and the grooves, the radian of the opening plate is larger than that of a gap between two adjacent fractal blocks after expansion, and transmission failure is prevented.
Further, adjusting device still includes detection component, and the air-out flow path middle section is equipped with the detection chamber, and detection component arranges in the detection chamber, and detection component includes positive plate and negative plate, and positive plate and negative plate are arranged in respectively and are detected the chamber both sides.
The detection assembly is installed through the detection cavity, the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively arranged between two side wall surfaces of the detection cavity, the positive plate and the negative plate are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply, the air flow in the air outlet flow channel flows through the positive plate and the negative plate through the interception of the detection cavity, the calibrated negative pressure is manufactured in the fermentation cavity through the pressure regulating fan, the separation rate of oxygen from percolate is kept constant under the calibrated negative pressure, namely the ratio of oxygen to water vapor in the air of the fermentation cavity is kept stable, when anaerobic fermentation is carried out, if the oxygen content in the air is more, the water vapor is less, the electric conductivity of the air entering the detection cavity is reduced, the electric current of the circuit is reduced, if the oxygen content in the air is less, the water vapor is more, the electric conductivity of the air entering the detection cavity is increased, and the electric current of the circuit is correspondingly increased, so that the oxygen content of the material-stacked percolate in the anaerobic fermentation process is detected, and the oxygen entering is prevented from being caused by local leakage, and the anaerobic fermentation quality is influenced.
As the optimization, the reflux channel spiral arrangement, reflux channel spiral diameter reduces gradually along inside medium direction of delivery, and guiding device still includes the drainage board, and the drainage mouth has been seted up to reflux channel one side, and drainage board and drainage mouth friction contact, drainage board are folded plate structure, and drainage board slope arrangement. Through the spiral shell footpath gradual change setting of sprue, receive centrifugal force effect when making the filtration liquid flow, great impurity is because self weight is great, flows along the sprue outer under centrifugal force effect to carry out automatic layering, when outer filtration liquid impurity content is great, through the transduction of bleeder plate, drive bleeder plate and overcome the dead weight and shift up, the driving end of bleeder plate is close to the sprue import, makes impurity-containing filtration liquid follow the bleeder mouth and flows out in the upward shifting process, prevents to cause elevator pump and shower nozzle to block up, influences fermentation quality.
As an optimization, the diameter of the air outlet gradually decreases from bottom to top. The diameter of the upper end of the air outlet is minimum, and only a small amount of percolate can enter the liquid accumulation tank through the air outlet during anaerobic fermentation, so that the influence on the heating gasification efficiency caused by excessive percolate is prevented.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, heating is carried out through the electric heating tube in the anaerobic fermentation process, the heated percolate is atomized and flows into the fermentation cavity along the diversion channel, and under the action of gas pressure, hot gas flows into the windrow to automatically heat the windrow, so that the fermentation efficiency is ensured; the pressure regulating fan is used for exhausting outwards, so that the air pressure in the fermentation cavity is reduced, along with the reduction of the air pressure, oxygen in the percolate is quickly separated out, the content of dissolved oxygen in the stacking percolate is reduced in the fermentation process, and the anaerobic fermentation quality is improved; the stirring roller and the base ring transfer heat, the temperature-sensitive air bag is filled with compressed gas, the temperature-sensitive air bag senses the temperature, so that the compressed gas in the temperature-sensitive air bag is heated and expanded, the sliding ring is pushed to move outwards, in the outward moving process of the sliding ring, the opening plate is pushed to slide along the sliding groove, so that the closure area of the opening plate in the air outlet is automatically adjusted, when the local temperature is too high, the temperature-sensitive air bag is further expanded, the opening plate is pushed to move outwards, the closure area is increased, at the moment, the heat-conducting medium flowing out of the air outlet is reduced, and the local temperature rise is prevented from being too high, so that the fermentation efficiency is influenced; meanwhile, when the local temperature rise is lower, namely smaller than the standard value, the gas in the temperature sensing air bag contracts when encountering cold, and the opening plate is provided with a clamping groove to drive the opening plate to contract inwards, so that the interception area is reduced, the overflow is increased, the local heating performance is increased, and the heat uniform distribution performance is ensured; when anaerobic fermentation is carried out, if the oxygen content in the air is more, the water vapor occupies less, the conductivity of the air flow entering the detection cavity is reduced, the current of the circuit is reduced, if the oxygen content in the air is less, the water vapor occupies more, the conductivity of the air flow entering the detection cavity is increased, and the current of the circuit is correspondingly increased, so that the oxygen content of the stacking percolate in the anaerobic fermentation process is detected, and the oxygen entering caused by local leakage is prevented, and the anaerobic fermentation quality is influenced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic general construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of part A of the view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the conduction of an aerobic fermentation oxygen supply flow path according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the heat equipartition adjustment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of part C of the view of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of part B of the view of FIG. 1;
In the figure: 1-box, 11-fermentation cavity, 12-plenum, 13-return channel, 131-drainage port, 14-guide channel, 15-air outlet channel, 16-detection cavity, 2-guiding device, 21-lifting pump, 22-pressure regulating fan, 23-sealing plate, 24-reversing plate, 25-drainage plate, 3-regulating device, 31-detection component, 311-positive plate, 312-negative plate, 32-transmission component, 321-stirring roller, 322-blade, 323-stirring motor, 324-transmission ring, 3241-base ring, 3242-slip ring, 325-temperature sensing air bag, 33-opening plate, 34-electrothermal tube, 4-partition plate, 41-liquid collecting channel, 42-transmission cavity, 43-diversion channel, 431-air outlet, 432-liquid accumulating groove, 44-chute and 5-fermentation membrane.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides the technical scheme that:
As shown in figures 1-6, an environment-friendly organic waste anaerobic and aerobic integrated treatment device comprises a box body 1, a flow guiding device 2, an adjusting device 3, a partition board 4 and a fermentation membrane 5, wherein the box body 1 is connected with the flow guiding device 2, the adjusting device 3 is connected with the box body 1, a fermentation cavity 11 and a liquid collecting chamber 12 are respectively arranged on the box body 1 along the vertical direction, the partition board 4 is arranged between the fermentation cavity 11 and the liquid collecting chamber 12, a liquid collecting flow channel 41 is arranged on the partition board 4, the upper end and the lower end of the liquid collecting flow channel 41 are respectively communicated with the fermentation cavity 11 and the liquid collecting chamber 12, the top end of the fermentation cavity 11 is provided with the fermentation membrane 5, a plurality of slotted holes are formed along the top surface of the fermentation cavity 11, the fermentation cavity 11 is communicated with the slotted holes through the fermentation membrane 5, and the outer sides of the slotted holes are communicated with the atmosphere.
The box 1 is used as a main installation foundation for installing other devices, an anaerobic fermentation space is provided through the fermentation cavity 11, the flow guide is carried out through the liquid collecting flow channel 41 on the partition plate 4, percolate in the fermentation process is collected through the liquid collecting chamber 12 at the bottom, the percolate is prevented from soaking the stacking material, the fermentation effect is influenced, the air guide is carried out through the flow guide device 2, the anaerobic process is convenient to switch, thereby the stacking material is subjected to integrated treatment, the power transmission is carried out through the adjusting device 3, the stacking material is automatically turned over, the liquid discharge efficiency is improved, the effusion is prevented, the fermentation membrane 5 arranged at the top of the fermentation cavity 11 has the selective permeability, the slotted hole is used for discharging water vapor, carbon dioxide and the like out of the fermentation cavity 11, the slotted hole is kept closed through the opening and closing plate in the anaerobic process, the opening and closing plate in the aerobic stage is automatically opened, and the fermentation cavity 11 is communicated with the atmosphere through the fermentation membrane 5 and the slotted hole.
Further, guiding device 2 includes elevator pump 21 and pressure regulating fan 22, be equipped with return channel 13 on the box 1, return channel 13 one end and liquid collecting chamber 12 intercommunication, elevator pump 21 import and return channel 13 pipeline intercommunication, fermentation chamber 11 top is equipped with a plurality of shower nozzles, elevator pump 21 export is through pipeline and shower nozzle intercommunication, be equipped with guide channel 14 on the box 1, pressure regulating fan 22 shell and box 1 fastening connection, pressure regulating fan 22 output and guide channel 14 pipeline intercommunication, be equipped with subchannel 43 on the baffle 4, guide channel 14 end and subchannel 43 switch on, adjusting device 3 includes electrothermal tube 34, be equipped with the hydrops groove 432 on the subchannel 43, be equipped with electrothermal tube 34 in the hydrops groove 432.
The lifting pump 21 is used as a main power source, liquid is automatically pumped in the fermentation stage, percolate at the bottom of the liquid collecting chamber 12 is automatically pressurized and pumped to the upper part of the fermentation cavity 11 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet end of the spray head penetrates through the fermentation membrane and faces the fermentation cavity 11, percolate is sprayed onto the piled material again through the spray head to provide fermentation efficiency, the percolate is guided through the backflow channel 13, the pressure regulating fan 22 is arranged on one side of the box body 1, the servo motor is used for driving, the forward rotation can be realized, the reverse rotation can be realized, the pressure in the fermentation cavity 11 is regulated through the pressure regulating fan 22, heating is carried out through the electric heating tube 34 in the anaerobic fermentation process, part of percolate flows into the liquid collecting tank 432 along the diversion channel 43, is heated through the electric heating tube 34, the heated percolate is atomized and flows into the fermentation cavity 11 along the diversion channel 43, hot air flow enters the piled material under the action of air pressure, and the piled material is automatically heated, and the fermentation efficiency is ensured.
Further, the flow guiding device 2 further comprises a sealing plate 23 and a reversing plate 24, the reversing plate 24 is positioned at the inlet of the sub-runner 43, the reversing plate 24 is in upper rotating connection with the inlet of the sub-runner 43, the box body 1 is provided with an air outlet runner 15, the inlet of the air outlet runner 15 faces the fermentation cavity 11, the outlet of the air outlet runner 15 is intermittently communicated with the guide runner 14, and the sealing plate 23 is in rotating connection with the outlet of the air outlet runner 15.
The flow paths are switched through the sealing plate 23 and the reversing plate 24, the flow paths of the sub-flow channel 43 and the flow guide channel 14 are controlled to be conducted and cut off through the reversing plate 24, the flow paths of the air outlet flow channel 15 and the flow guide channel 14 are controlled to be conducted and cut off through the sealing plate 23, in the anaerobic fermentation process, the inlet of the sub-flow channel 43 is plugged through the reversing plate 24, the pressure regulating fan 22 is reversed to generate suction force, the flow guide channel 15 and the fermentation cavity 11 are conducted, at the moment, the slotted hole above the fermentation cavity 11 is closed under the action of the opening and closing plate, the pressure regulating fan 22 is used for exhausting outwards, the air pressure in the fermentation cavity 11 is reduced, along with the reduction of the air pressure, oxygen in the leachate is rapidly separated out, the content of dissolved oxygen in the leachate is reduced along with the reduction of the air pressure in the fermentation process, and the anaerobic fermentation quality is improved.
Further, the outlet of the air outlet channel 15 is arranged in a wedge shape, the inlet of the sub-channel 43 is arranged in a step shape, and the flow area of the sub-channel 43, which is close to the step surface at one end of the guide channel 14, is smaller than that of the rest step surface;
anaerobic conditions: the junction of the step surfaces of the reversing plate 24 and the diversion channel 43 is abutted, the diversion channel 43 and the diversion channel 14 are cut off, and the diversion channel 14 is communicated with the fermentation cavity 11 through the air outlet channel 15;
When aerobic: the sealing plate 23 is abutted with the air outlet flow channel 15, the air outlet flow channel 15 and the guide flow channel 14 are closed, the flow area of the guide flow channel 14 along the inclined direction of the sealing plate 23 is gradually reduced, and the tail end of the sealing plate 23 faces the reversing plate 24.
In the anaerobic fermentation process, the pressure regulating fan 22 is reversely rotated and communicated with the fermentation cavity 11 through the air outlet flow channel 15, the reversing plate 24 rotates under the action of dead weight and is arranged in a stepped manner through the diversion channel 43, and in the rotating process of the diversion channel 14, the reversing plate 24 is gradually attached to the stepped surface and the diversion channel 43 is communicated with the diversion channel 14 to be cut off; in the aerobic fermentation process, the pressure regulating fan 22 positively rotates, air is injected through the guide channel 14, the air outlet channel 15 is arranged in a wedge shape, the air flow pushes the sealing plate 23 to rotate, the sealing plate 23 is used for sealing the air outlet channel 15, the sealing plate 23 is positioned at a high position close to the guide channel 14, the air flow is accelerated to impact the surface of the reversing plate 24 by accelerating the air flow along with the reduction of the overflow section in the advancing process of the air flow along the sealing plate 23, the guide channel 14 and the sub-channel 43 are pushed to rotate upwards, and when the air flow flows through the liquid accumulation groove 432, the air inlet is heated through the electric heating tube 34, so that oxygen-containing hot air flow enters the stacking from the bottom, and the stacking is convenient to perform as if fermentation.
Further, the adjusting device 3 further comprises a transmission assembly 32 and an opening plate 33, a plurality of transmission cavities 42 are arranged on the partition plate 4, the transmission assembly 32 is arranged in the transmission cavities 42, the transmission assembly 32 is in transmission connection with the opening plate 33, the transmission assembly 32 comprises a stirring roller 321, a stirring motor 323 is arranged in the transmission cavities 42, the output end of the stirring motor 323 is in transmission connection with the stirring roller 321, a plurality of blades 322 are arranged at the output end of the stirring roller 321, the blades 322 are spirally arranged, the spiral diameters of the blades 322 gradually decrease from bottom to top, the upper end of the stirring roller 321 is arranged in the fermentation cavity 11, a driving ring 324 is arranged on the outer ring of the stirring roller 321, the transmission ring 324 comprises a base ring 3241 and a sliding ring 3242, a temperature sensing air bag 325 is arranged between the base ring 3241 and the sliding ring 3242, the base ring 3241 is in transmission connection with the stirring roller 321, the temperature sensing air bag 325 is arranged in the expansion groove, two sides of the temperature sensing air bag 325 are respectively in butt joint with the base ring 3241 and the sliding ring 3242, the sliding ring 3242 is in sliding connection with the expansion groove, the sliding ring 3242 is in sliding connection with the opening plate 33, a sliding groove 44 is arranged on one side of the transmission cavity 42, the opening plate 33 is in sliding connection with the sliding ring 33, the opening plate 33 is in sliding connection with the sliding ring 44 is in sliding connection, the sliding ring 33 is provided with a plurality of air outlets 33 are arranged on the sliding ring 43, and one end of the opening plate 33 is inserted into the opening plate 33.
The stirring motor 323 is a stirring driving power source and drives the blades 322 to rotate through the stirring roller 321, the blades 322 are spirally arranged on the surface of the stirring roller 321, the blades 322 are gradually decreased in the spiral direction, upward thrust is generated on the piled materials in the stirring process of the piled materials through the spiral direction, the local piled materials move upwards, the heat distribution uniformity is convenient to improve, the stirring roller 321 and the transmission ring 324 are made of heat conducting materials, good heat conducting performance is achieved, the stirring roller 321 drives the blades 322 to stir the piled materials through the stirring roller 321, the stirring roller 321 is inserted into the piled materials, heat is transferred through the stirring roller 321 and the base ring 3241, compressed gas is filled in the temperature sensing air bag 325, the internal compressed gas is heated and expanded through the temperature sensing air bag 325, one end of the temperature sensing air bag 325 is limited by the base ring 3241, the temperature sensing air bag 325 is continuously expanded along with the internal gas, the temperature sensing air bag 325 pushes the slip ring 3242 to move outwards, the opening plate 33 is pushed to slide along the chute 44 in the outward moving process, the closure area of the opening plate 33 in the air outlet 431 is regulated, when the local temperature is overhigh, the closure plate 325 is pushed to further expand, the closure area of the closure plate 33 in the air outlet 431 is pushed to further, the closure area of the closure plate is pushed to be opened, the closure plate is opened outwards, the closure area of the closure plate 33 is greatly is opened, the closure area is caused by the closure area, and the closure area is caused by the closure, and the closure medium is caused by the closure, and the closure is caused by the closure by the opening, and the opening is by the opening; meanwhile, when the local temperature rise is lower, namely smaller than the standard value, the gas in the temperature sensing air bag 325 is contracted when encountering cold, the opening plate 33 is provided with a clamping groove to drive the opening plate 33 to contract inwards, so that the interception area is reduced, the overflow is increased, thereby increasing the local heating performance, guaranteeing the heat uniform distribution performance, arranging the inner side arc of the opening plate 33, the sliding ring 3242 consists of a plurality of fractal blocks, the upper ends of the fractal blocks are provided with protruding blocks, the sliding ring 3242 and the opening plate 33 are in clamping transmission through the protruding blocks and the grooves, and the radian of the opening plate is larger than that of a gap between two adjacent fractal blocks after expansion, so as to prevent transmission failure.
Further, the adjusting device 3 further comprises a detecting component 31, a detecting cavity 16 is arranged in the middle section of the air outlet flow channel 15, the detecting component 31 is arranged in the detecting cavity 16, the detecting component 31 comprises a positive plate 311 and a negative plate 312, and the positive plate 311 and the negative plate 312 are respectively arranged at two sides of the detecting cavity 16.
The detection assembly 31 is installed through the detection cavity 16, the positive plate 311 and the negative plate 312 are respectively arranged between two side wall surfaces of the detection cavity 16, the positive plate 311 and the negative plate 312 are respectively electrically connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of a power supply, the air outlet flow channel 15 is stopped through the detection cavity 16, so that air flow in the air outlet flow channel 15 flows through the space between the positive plate 311 and the negative plate 312, a calibrated negative pressure is manufactured in the fermentation cavity 11 through the pressure regulating fan 22, the separation rate of oxygen from percolate is kept constant under the calibrated negative pressure, namely the ratio of oxygen to water vapor in the air of the fermentation cavity 11 is kept stable, when anaerobic fermentation is carried out, if the oxygen content in the air is more, the water vapor is less, the conductivity of the air flow entering the detection cavity 16 is reduced, the current of a circuit is reduced, if the oxygen content in the air is less, the water vapor is more, the conductivity of the air flow entering the detection cavity 16 is increased, the current of the circuit is correspondingly increased, thereby detecting the oxygen content of the percolate of the anaerobic fermentation process, and preventing local leakage from causing oxygen to enter, and affecting the quality of anaerobic fermentation.
As an optimization, the backflow channel 13 is spirally arranged, the spiral diameter of the backflow channel 13 is gradually reduced along the conveying direction of the internal medium, the flow guiding device 2 further comprises a flow discharging plate 25, a flow discharging opening 131 is formed in one side of the backflow channel 13, the flow discharging plate 25 is in friction contact with the flow discharging opening 131, the flow discharging plate 25 is of a folded plate structure, and the flow discharging plate 25 is obliquely arranged. Through the gradual change of sprue 13 spiral shell footpath setting, receive centrifugal force effect when making the filtration liquid flow, great impurity is owing to self weight is great, flows along sprue 13 outer under centrifugal force effect to carry out automatic layering, when outer filtration liquid impurity content is great, through the transduction of bleeder plate 25, drive bleeder plate 25 overcome dead weight and shift up, the driving end of bleeder plate 25 is close to sprue 13 import, makes impurity-containing filtration liquid follow bleeder 131 outflow in the upward shift process, prevents to cause elevator pump 21 and shower nozzle to block up, influences fermentation quality.
Preferably, the diameter of the air outlet 431 gradually decreases from bottom to top. The diameter of the upper end of the air outlet 431 is minimum, and only a small amount of percolate can enter the liquid accumulation groove 432 through the air outlet 431 during anaerobic fermentation, so that the influence on the heating gasification efficiency caused by excessive percolate is prevented.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: heating is carried out through the electric heating pipe 34 in the anaerobic fermentation process, part of percolate flows into the liquid accumulation groove 432 along the shunt channel 43, heating is carried out through the electric heating pipe 34, the heated percolate is atomized, flows into the fermentation cavity 11 along the shunt channel 43, and hot air flows into the stacking under the action of air pressure to automatically heat the stacking; the pressure regulating fan 22 is used for exhausting outwards, so that the air pressure in the fermentation cavity 11 is reduced, along with the reduction of the air pressure, oxygen in the percolate is rapidly separated out, and the content of dissolved oxygen in the stacking percolate is reduced in the fermentation process, so that the anaerobic fermentation quality is improved; the heat is transferred through the stirring roller 321 and the base ring 3241, compressed gas is filled in the temperature sensing air bag 325, the temperature sensing air bag 325 senses the temperature, so that the internal compressed gas is heated and expanded, one end of the temperature sensing air bag 325 is limited by the base ring 3241, the temperature sensing air bag 325 pushes the sliding ring 3242 to move outwards along with the continuous expansion of the internal gas, the opening plate 33 is pushed to slide along the sliding groove 44 in the outward moving process of the sliding ring 3242, the interception area of the opening plate 33 in the air outlet 431 is adjusted, when the local temperature is too high, the temperature sensing air bag 325 is further expanded, the opening plate 33 is pushed to move outwards, the interception area is increased, and at the moment, the heat conducting medium flowing out of the air outlet 431 is reduced, and the local temperature rise is prevented from being too high; meanwhile, when the local temperature rise is lower, namely smaller than the standard value, the gas in the temperature sensing air bag 325 contracts when encountering cold, and the opening plate 33 is provided with a clamping groove to drive the opening plate 33 to contract inwards, so that the interception area is reduced and the overflow is increased; when anaerobic fermentation is carried out, if the oxygen content in the air is more, the water vapor occupies less, the conductivity of the air flow entering the detection cavity 16 is reduced, the current of the circuit is reduced, if the oxygen content in the air is less, the water vapor occupies more, the conductivity of the air flow entering the detection cavity 16 is increased, and the current of the circuit is correspondingly increased, so that the oxygen content of the stacking leachate in the anaerobic fermentation process is detected, the oxygen entering caused by local leakage is prevented, and the anaerobic fermentation quality is influenced.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, but it is to be understood that modifications and equivalents of some of the technical features described in the foregoing embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An environment-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device is characterized in that: the integrated treatment device comprises a box body (1), a flow guiding device (2), an adjusting device (3), a partition plate (4) and a fermentation membrane (5), wherein the box body (1) is connected with the flow guiding device (2), the adjusting device (3) is connected with the box body (1), a fermentation cavity (11) and a liquid collecting chamber (12) are respectively arranged on the box body (1) along the vertical direction, the partition plate (4) is arranged between the fermentation cavity (11) and the liquid collecting chamber (12), a liquid collecting flow passage (41) is arranged on the partition plate (4), the upper end and the lower end of the liquid collecting flow passage (41) are respectively communicated with the fermentation cavity (11) and the liquid collecting chamber (12), the top end of the fermentation cavity (11) is provided with the fermentation membrane (5), a plurality of slotted holes are formed in the top surface of the fermentation cavity (11) along the top surface of the fermentation cavity, the fermentation membrane (5) is communicated with the slotted holes, and the outer sides of the slotted holes are communicated with the atmosphere.
The flow guiding device (2) comprises a lifting pump (21) and a pressure regulating fan (22), a backflow channel (13) is arranged on the box body (1), one end of the backflow channel (13) is communicated with the liquid collecting chamber (12), an inlet of the lifting pump (21) is communicated with a backflow channel (13) through a pipeline, a plurality of spray heads are arranged at the top of the fermentation cavity (11), an outlet of the lifting pump (21) is communicated with the spray heads through the pipeline, a flow guiding channel (14) is arranged on the box body (1), a shell of the pressure regulating fan (22) is fixedly connected with the box body (1), an output end of the pressure regulating fan (22) is communicated with the flow guiding channel (14) through the pipeline, a sub-channel (43) is arranged on the partition plate (4), the tail end of the flow guiding channel (14) is communicated with the sub-channel (43), the adjusting device (3) comprises an electric heating pipe (34), a liquid collecting groove (432) is arranged on the sub-channel (43), and an electric heating pipe (34) is arranged in the liquid collecting groove (432);
The flow guiding device (2) further comprises a sealing plate (23) and a reversing plate (24), the reversing plate (24) is positioned at the inlet of the sub-flow channel (43), the reversing plate (24) is in upper rotating connection with the inlet of the sub-flow channel (43), the box body (1) is provided with an air outlet flow channel (15), the inlet of the air outlet flow channel (15) faces the fermentation cavity (11), the outlet of the air outlet flow channel (15) is intermittently communicated with the flow guiding channel (14), and the sealing plate (23) is in rotating connection with the outlet of the air outlet flow channel (15);
the outlet of the air outlet flow channel (15) is arranged in a wedge shape, the inlet of the flow dividing channel (43) is arranged in a step shape, and the flow passing area of the flow dividing channel (43) close to the step surface at one end of the flow guiding channel (14) is smaller than that of the rest step surfaces;
anaerobic conditions: the junction of the reversing plate (24) and the step surface of the flow dividing channel (43) is abutted, the flow dividing channel (43) and the flow guiding channel (14) are cut off, and the flow guiding channel (14) is communicated with the fermentation cavity (11) through the air outlet channel (15);
When aerobic: the sealing plate (23) is abutted with the air outlet flow channel (15), the air outlet flow channel (15) is blocked with the guide flow channel (14), the flow area of the guide flow channel (14) along the inclined direction of the sealing plate (23) is gradually reduced, and the tail end of the sealing plate (23) faces the reversing plate (24).
2. The environmental-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device according to claim 1, wherein: the regulating device (3) further comprises a transmission assembly (32) and an opening plate (33), a plurality of transmission cavities (42) are arranged on the partition plate (4), the transmission assembly (32) is arranged in the transmission cavities (42), the transmission assembly (32) is in transmission connection with the opening plate (33), the transmission assembly (32) comprises a stirring roller (321), a stirring motor (323) is arranged in the transmission cavities (42), the output end of the stirring motor (323) is in transmission connection with the stirring roller (321), a plurality of blades (322) are arranged at the output end of the stirring roller (321), the blades (322) are in spiral arrangement, the spiral diameters of the blades (322) are gradually decreased from bottom to top, the upper end of the stirring roller (321) is arranged in the fermentation cavity (11), the outer ring of the stirring roller (321) is provided with a transmission ring (324), the transmission ring (324) comprises a base ring (3241) and a sliding ring (3242), a temperature sensing air bag (325) is arranged between the base ring (3241) and the sliding ring (3242), the base ring (3241) is in transmission connection with the stirring roller (321), the base ring (3241) is provided with a temperature sensing air bag (325) which is in expansion groove (3242) and expansion grooves (3242) are respectively arranged on two sides of the expansion grooves (3242), slip ring (3242) and aperture board (33) transmission are connected, drive chamber (42) one side is equipped with spout (44), aperture board (33) and spout (44) sliding connection, be equipped with a plurality of gas outlets (431) on shunt road (43), in gas outlet (431) are inserted to aperture board (33) one end.
3. The environmental-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device according to claim 2, wherein: the adjusting device (3) further comprises a detection assembly (31), a detection cavity (16) is formed in the middle section of the air outlet flow channel (15), the detection assembly (31) is arranged in the detection cavity (16), the detection assembly (31) comprises a positive plate (311) and a negative plate (312), and the positive plate (311) and the negative plate (312) are respectively arranged on two sides of the detection cavity (16).
4. An environmental protection type organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device according to claim 3, wherein: the backflow channel (13) is spirally arranged, the spiral diameter of the backflow channel (13) is gradually reduced along the conveying direction of internal media, the flow guiding device (2) further comprises a flow discharging plate (25), a flow discharging opening (131) is formed in one side of the backflow channel (13), the flow discharging plate (25) is in friction contact with the flow discharging opening (131), the flow discharging plate (25) is of a folded plate structure, and the flow discharging plate (25) is obliquely arranged.
5. The environmental-friendly organic waste aerobic and anaerobic integrated treatment device according to claim 4, wherein: the diameter of the air outlet (431) gradually decreases from bottom to top.
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| CN201433176Y (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-03-31 | 福建师范大学 | Sludge aerobic anaerobic compost integrated reactor |
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| CN205907262U (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-25 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院农业机械化科学研究所 | Anaerobism fermenting installation is united to good oxygen integral type |
| CN112574862A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Straw aerobic-anaerobic alternate fermentation system and process |
| CN113788717A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-14 | 南宁市博发科技有限公司 | Equipment for producing organic fertilizer by good anaerobic synchronous fermentation of cow dung and other wastes |
| CN115403414A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-29 | 天津市农业科学院 | Resourceful treatment system and method for agricultural wastes |
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- 2023-01-05 CN CN202310013388.8A patent/CN115959934B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201433176Y (en) * | 2009-06-11 | 2010-03-31 | 福建师范大学 | Sludge aerobic anaerobic compost integrated reactor |
| CN205676458U (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-11-09 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of horizontal aerobic-anaerobic integration installation for fermenting |
| CN205907262U (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-25 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院农业机械化科学研究所 | Anaerobism fermenting installation is united to good oxygen integral type |
| CN112574862A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-03-30 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Straw aerobic-anaerobic alternate fermentation system and process |
| CN113788717A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-14 | 南宁市博发科技有限公司 | Equipment for producing organic fertilizer by good anaerobic synchronous fermentation of cow dung and other wastes |
| CN115403414A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2022-11-29 | 天津市农业科学院 | Resourceful treatment system and method for agricultural wastes |
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| CN115959934A (en) | 2023-04-14 |
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