CN115945622A - Sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for press, forging automatic system and process - Google Patents
Sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for press, forging automatic system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115945622A CN115945622A CN202211684735.1A CN202211684735A CN115945622A CN 115945622 A CN115945622 A CN 115945622A CN 202211684735 A CN202211684735 A CN 202211684735A CN 115945622 A CN115945622 A CN 115945622A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-precision sealing adjusting mechanism for a press, a forging automatic system and a forging automatic process. The forging press is provided with a sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism; the fine adjustment mechanism is arranged at the position where a slide block of the press machine is connected with a connecting rod, and can realize fine adjustment of the die closing height of the press machine; the forging automation system comprises a press provided with a sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism, a blank conveying device and a PLC control system; the blank conveying device is provided with a material shortage detection mechanism, data collected by the material shortage detection mechanism are uploaded to a PLC control system, and a high-precision adjusting mechanism is controlled through a PLC program. The device solves the key problem of the connection of an automatic forging production line, is successfully used in the flange flash-free forging automatic production line, the qualification rate of parts exceeds more than 99.5 percent, and the quality of the parts exceeds that of an imported production line.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automation technology of a forging production line, in particular to a sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for a press machine in a flange flash-free forging automation production line, a forging automation system and a process.
Background
At present, methods for manufacturing metal parts mainly comprise methods such as welding, machining, casting and forging, and the forging method has the characteristics of high production efficiency and high strength of the produced parts, and is widely used for manufacturing large-batch metal parts, such as crankshafts, connecting rods, automobile chassis supporting parts, transmission parts, various gears and flange connection parts of automobiles;
die forging is a forging method in which a forging is obtained by deforming a blank using a special tool, and in die forging, a (heated) metal blank is placed into a die cavity of a forging die fixed to a die forging device, and pressure is applied to force the metal blank to flow along the die cavity until the die cavity is filled, thereby obtaining a forging of a desired shape and size.
The forging production line is relatively complex, the parts relevant to the invention are mainly described in the text, firstly, the production line is formed (shown in figure 2), a workpiece is heated and then is conveyed to an automatic conveying device through a conveying device and a flow channel, the workpiece is moved by the automatic conveying device to be placed to each station, the part is closed and pressed by moving a press once, and the part is deformed according to the shape of a die.
Because the force for generating plastic deformation of the metal part is large, the forging needs to heat the workpiece and keep the workpiece in a certain temperature range, the concept is called initial forging temperature and final forging temperature, and if the workpiece cannot be kept in the certain temperature range during forging, the quality of the forged part is greatly influenced.
The press machine is a machine which converts rotary motion into linear motion of a sliding block by using a crank-link mechanism, and mainly comprises an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod 22, a machine body 26, the sliding block 23, a flywheel clutch 27, a balance cylinder 25 (connected with the sliding block 23) and the like (see figure 2). When the mold is closed, the slide block 23 moves to the lowest position called a bottom dead center, and the distance between the bottom dead center and the workbench is the mold closing height, namely the mold closing height.
Elastic deformation can take place for press atress in forging process, and this notion is called press rigidity, and forging production is the process that the press pressurization forces the part to warp according to the mould shape, and the press receives the shaping effort and can produce deformation extension (see figure 3), and the deformation of press can influence the compound die height, can influence the shaping size of part greatly, in direction of height, can all produce great influence with width direction, and different operating modes can bring different deformations.
The tonnage of the press is selected according to the maximum forming force and energy required by part deformation, the actual stress of the press is not fixed but determined according to the actual conditions of the part, for example, four stations are fully pressed, and the actual stress of the press is different between two stations with parts, which can result in different deformation.
A large amount of automatic handling devices have been used in forging line, because this kind of structure once can carry a plurality of parts simultaneously, so widely used in forging equipment, but because its working structure characteristics need a plurality of parts of centre gripping simultaneously, and do the plane and open and shut the motion centre gripping, and his flexibility degree also has the limit, has the requirement to the size of the width direction of part, can not change too greatly, otherwise the automation can appear and break off.
The flash-free forging is widely applied to the forging of precision disc parts, the die for flash-free forging needs to control the flash size of part forming, the requirement on the size consistency of parts is higher, and if the size of the part in the previous process is too large, the part cannot smoothly enter the die cavity in the next process.
The forging production line consists of 4 working procedures, namely, when the press acts to close the dies, one or more working stations in four die working procedures lack blanks, and the problem has two reasons, namely, when the production line is just started, the first parts can only enter in sequence, and the working stations of the press are not fully produced. The second situation is the shortage caused by the problems of automatic matching, discharging of a workpiece heating furnace and the like.
What problem will happen due to starved feed? The atress of press was said in the front is relevant with the quantity of part on the station, this can lead to the press atress to produce the change, the deflection that leads to the press changes, lead to mould compound die shaping altitude variation, and then lead to the size of upsetting process blank width and direction of height to change, can produce the problem of part uniformity at first, the size of part is different, the qualification rate is too low, the second is because the difference of part size, can lead to automatic unable smooth going on, for example the unable clamping part of clamping jaw, the part jamming can't be put into next station smoothly.
At present, the automation degree of a production line in the industry is not high, but workers need to work in a high-temperature and high-noise environment for a long time due to the severe working environment, and with the development of technology, numerous enterprises seek the automatic production of a forging line, but the automation of the forging line is not easy, for example, a closed type flash-free forging automatic production line aimed at in the invention, a production line debugged by a foreign company needs 3 years, and frequently has debugging failure cases, so that not only a technical route adopted by the foreign country needs to be modified to increase stations, but also perfect matching of an automatic device is needed to solve the problem, and the cost is huge. Therefore, the technical scheme for self-adaptive adjustment of the seal height is provided, so that the automatic production line can be quickly debugged by a client, the part quality is greatly improved, and the effect is obvious.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the device for automatically adjusting the sealing height, which solves the key problem of the connection of the automatic forging production line, is successfully used in the flange flash-free forging automatic production line and has obvious effect.
The invention relates to a sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for a forging press; the connecting rod is arranged at the position where a sliding block of the press machine is connected with the connecting rod;
the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism comprises a servo hydraulic cylinder, a sealing height adjusting connecting rod, a sealing height adjusting swing rod, a pressure-bearing eccentric pin, an eccentric pin intermediate shaft and an intermediate shaft supporting seat;
one end of the height-sealing adjusting connecting rod is connected with the servo hydraulic cylinder, and the other end of the height-sealing adjusting connecting rod is connected with a height-sealing adjusting swing rod arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin; the eccentric pin intermediate shaft penetrates through the pressure-bearing eccentric pin;
two end parts of the eccentric pin intermediate shaft are respectively connected with a connecting rod.
For the technical scheme, a middle shaft supporting seat is further arranged between the eccentric pin middle shaft and the connecting rod; used for connecting the pressure-bearing eccentric pin and the connecting rod.
For the technical scheme, further, a half bearing bush is arranged at the bottom of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin, and the half bearing bush are in clearance fit; the half bearing bush is fixed on the sliding block.
For the technical scheme, further, the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for the press machine is further provided with a plurality of positioning blocks, and the positioning blocks are used for preventing the pressure-bearing eccentric pin and the sliding block from falling off and enabling the pressure-bearing eccentric pin to rotate in the half bearing bush.
The invention provides a forging automation system, which comprises a press provided with the high-precision adjusting mechanism, a blank conveying device and a PLC control system, wherein the blank conveying device comprises a punch and a punch holder; the blank conveying device is provided with a material shortage detection mechanism, data collected by the material shortage detection mechanism are uploaded to a PLC control system, and a high-precision adjusting mechanism is controlled through a PLC program, so that the adjustment of the die closing height of the press machine is realized.
For the above technical solution, further, in the automatic forging system, the material shortage detection mechanism is selected from one of the following forms:
1. a pressure sensor for judging the material conveying state is arranged on the blank conveying device and used for acquiring data of the material shortage condition;
2. an image acquisition sensor for judging the material conveying state is arranged on the blank conveying device and used for acquiring data of the material shortage condition.
For the above technical solution, further, the PLC control system stores a seal height adjustment data set, which is obtained by calculating different deformation amounts of the press under different working conditions or measuring different sizes of parts under different working conditions, and corresponds to the seal height adjustment amounts under different working conditions.
The third aspect of the invention provides a production process of the automatic forging system, which comprises the following steps:
data collected by a material shortage detection mechanism arranged on the blank conveying device are uploaded to a PLC control system;
the working condition of the press machine and the corresponding die closing height to be adjusted are calculated and pre-judged through a PLC program, and the high-precision sealing adjusting mechanism is controlled to perform corresponding adjustment.
For the above technical solution, further, in the process, the process of performing corresponding adjustment by the high-precision sealing mechanism includes: the PLC controls the servo hydraulic cylinder to drive the height sealing adjusting connecting rod and drive the height sealing adjusting swing rod to realize reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction, so that the pressure bearing eccentric pin rotates around the eccentric pin intermediate shaft, the pressure bearing eccentric pin rotates to enable the sliding block to move downwards or upwards relative to the eccentric pin intermediate shaft, and then the sliding block is driven to move downwards or upwards.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism provided by the invention is used for simply improving the structure of the existing press machine, and has low investment cost;
2. the high-precision sealing adjusting mechanism provided by the invention has the advantages that the control on the rigidity deformation of the press is completed through a PLC (programmable logic controller) program, and the automation precision is high;
3. the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism realizes on-line full-automatic self-adaptive sealing high adjustment, greatly improves the qualification rate of parts of a forging production line, and reduces the shutdown times of the automatic production line.
4. The sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism can also realize the function of releasing the braising vehicle of the press machine, the braising vehicle is characterized in that the slide block cannot smoothly return through a bottom dead center due to the overload work of the press machine, the press machine has large internal force at the moment and is difficult to restore the original position work, the internal force can be released by reversely adjusting the sealing height, and then the motor can be reversely rotated to return the slide block so as to release the braising vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the existing die forging forming process case;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram: a prior art press illustration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the stiffness deformation of the press;
FIG. 4: a height sealing adjustment principle diagram;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of: a press mechanism is shown in a figure;
FIG. 6: the height difference of parts under different working conditions;
FIG. 7: sealing a structural diagram of a high-precision adjusting mechanism;
FIG. 8: sealing the structural side diagram of the high-precision adjusting mechanism; FIGS. 8-1 and 8-2 arebase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A andbase:Sub>A rear view, respectively;
FIG. 9: sealing a three-dimensional structure diagram of the high-precision adjusting mechanism; reference numeral 15 in the figure is a connecting link;
FIG. 10: a height sealing adjustment control interface;
FIG. 11: a finished product without using a self-adaptive height sealing and adjusting technology;
FIG. 12: a finished product using an adaptive height-sealing adjustment technique;
description of the main reference numbers:
11. the device comprises a servo hydraulic cylinder, 12 high sealing adjusting connecting rods, 13 high sealing adjusting swing rods, 14 pressure-bearing eccentric pins, 15 eccentric pin intermediate shafts, 16 intermediate shaft supporting seats, 17 half bearing bushes, 18 positioning blocks, 21 cranks, 22 connecting rods, 23 sliding blocks and 24 motors; 25. balance cylinder, 26, frame, 27, flywheel clutch, 28 and brake.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The articles may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish two different elements or portions, and are not used to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
Example 1
The press is a crank link mechanism, and the structure thereof comprises: the device comprises a crank 21, a connecting rod 22, a sliding block 23 and an eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15, wherein the crank 21 rotates to drive the connecting rod 22, the connecting rod 22 drives the sliding block 23 to move up and down, and the sliding block 23 and the connecting rod 22 are connected together through the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15, a pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 and a positioning block 18; the sealing height adjusting mechanism 1 is arranged at the connecting position of the sliding block and the connecting rod, so that the position of the sliding block 23 relative to the connecting rod can be changed, and the sealing height can be adjusted (see fig. 5).
The high-sealing-precision adjusting mechanism 1 comprises a servo hydraulic cylinder 11, a high-sealing adjusting connecting rod 12, a high-sealing adjusting swing rod 13, a pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14, an eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15, an intermediate shaft supporting seat 16, a half bearing bush 17 and the like (see figures 7, 8 and 9);
one end of the height-sealing adjusting connecting rod 12 is connected with the servo hydraulic cylinder 11, and the other end is connected with a height-sealing adjusting swing rod 13 arranged at the top of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14; the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15 passes through the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14;
two end parts of the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15 are respectively connected with a connecting rod 22, and an intermediate shaft supporting seat 16 is arranged between the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15 and the connecting rod 22; is used for connecting the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 and the connecting rod 22, so that the two can not be separated;
the bottom of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 is provided with a half bearing bush 17 which is in clearance fit with the half bearing bush; the half bearing bushes 17 are fixed to the slide blocks 23 and do not rotate with the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15.
The sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism 1 is also provided with a positioning block 18, which is used for preventing the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 and the sliding block from being disengaged, but can enable the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 to rotate in the half bearing bush 17.
The servo hydraulic cylinder 11 pushes the height-sealing adjusting connecting rod 12 and drives the height-sealing adjusting swing rod 13 to realize reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction, so that the pressure-bearing eccentric pin rotates around the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15, and as the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 is eccentric, the slide block 23 can move downwards or upwards relative to the eccentric pin intermediate shaft 15 due to rotation of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin, as shown in the conditions of fig. 7 and 8, when the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 rotates anticlockwise, the contact surface of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin can force the slide block 23 to move downwards, otherwise, when the pressure-bearing eccentric pin 14 rotates clockwise, the slide block 23 can move upwards, and therefore accurate adjustment of the height of the closed die is realized.
In the forging and pressing production system, except that being provided with the aforesaid on the press seal high-accuracy adjustment mechanism, still be provided with scarce material detection mechanism on blank conveyor, the data that lack material detection mechanism gathered are uploaded to PLC control system to lack the material information that detects through PLC control system, it has the blank to calculate several stations of press, judge out press next operating condition in advance, to the operating condition of press (the condition of lacking the material), calculate or actually measure the volume that the height that seals under different operating modes needs to be adjusted (the height adjustment data set under the different operating modes of press), set up certain regulating variable (see figure 10), through the high-accuracy adjustment mechanism of PLC program control seal, realize the adjustment back of die height, the press moves again, thereby realize self-adaptation and seal high adjustment technique, improve the qualification rate of part greatly, reduce the shut down number of times of automation line.
The starvation detection mechanism described above may be selected from one of several forms:
1. the blank conveying device is provided with a pressure sensor for judging the material conveying state, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the information such as the number, the weight and the like of blanks and acquiring the data of the material shortage condition.
2. The blank conveying device is provided with an image acquisition sensor for judging the material conveying state, and is used for judging the information of the material quantity, the size and the like on the material conveying belt and acquiring the data of the material shortage condition.
Analyzing the deformation condition of the press machine under different working conditions (as shown in figure 4), wherein the deformation of the press machine is 1.6mm when the station is full, the height dimension of the formed part is H1, when the press machine is lack of material, the deformation is 1.4mm under the force action of three stations, and the height dimension of the formed part is H2 which is 0.2mm lower than H1; the deformation of the press machine is 0.2mm in a single station, the height of the die assembly is 1.4mm smaller than that of the full station at the time, so that the diameter of the part is increased, the height direction is decreased, the deformation is calculated, or the difference size of the part is measured, so that approximate height sealing adjustment quantities corresponding to different stations can be obtained, a height sealing adjustment data set (see figure 6) is formed, actual adjustment quantities are required to be actually punched until the most reasonable adjustment parameters are found, and a data table is recorded and written into a PLC program. The working state of the press is pre-judged in advance, the amount of the die closing height to be adjusted is mastered, and then the deformation of the sealing height compensation press can be accurately adjusted through the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism designed by the invention, for example, the sealing height can be increased by 1.4mm under the condition of a single station compared with the full station, so that the height after die assembly is the same as the full station, the size consistency of parts is improved, and the problem of automatic transportation can be solved.
Example 2
The scheme is successfully used in an automatic forging production line of disc parts, the yield of the parts is less than 50 percent before the technology is not changed, the quality of the formed parts is poor (see figure 11), the adjustment amount under different working conditions is found out, the adjustment is simply carried out, the qualification rate reaches more than 50 percent, and through careful adjustment, the automatic production is realized, the qualification rate of the parts exceeds more than 99.5 percent, and the quality of the parts exceeds that of an imported production line (see figure 12).
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for a press machine; the device is characterized in that the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism is arranged at the position where a sliding block of the press machine is connected with a connecting rod;
the sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism (1) comprises a servo hydraulic cylinder (11), a sealing height adjusting connecting rod (12), a sealing height adjusting swing rod (13), a pressure-bearing eccentric pin (14), an eccentric pin intermediate shaft (15) and an intermediate shaft supporting seat (16);
one end of the height sealing adjusting connecting rod (12) is connected with the servo hydraulic cylinder (11), and the other end of the height sealing adjusting connecting rod is connected with a height sealing adjusting swing rod (13) arranged at the top of the pressure bearing eccentric pin (14); the eccentric pin intermediate shaft (15) penetrates through the pressure-bearing eccentric pin (14);
two end parts of the eccentric pin intermediate shaft (15) are respectively connected with a connecting rod (22).
2. The sealing high-precision mechanism for the press machine is characterized in that an intermediate shaft supporting seat (16) is arranged between the eccentric pin intermediate shaft (15) and the connecting rod (22); is used for connecting the pressure-bearing eccentric pin (14) and the connecting rod (22).
3. The sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for the press machine is characterized in that a half bearing bush (17) is arranged at the bottom of the pressure-bearing eccentric pin (14) and is in clearance fit with the pressure-bearing eccentric pin; the half bearing bush (17) is fixed on the sliding block (23).
4. The sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for the press machine is characterized in that a plurality of positioning blocks (18) are further arranged, the positioning blocks (18) are used for preventing the pressure-bearing eccentric pin (14) from falling off from the sliding block, and the pressure-bearing eccentric pin (14) can rotate in the half bearing bush (17).
5. An automated forging system comprising a press provided with the high-precision adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, a blank conveying device, and a PLC control system; the blank conveying device is provided with a material shortage detection mechanism, data collected by the material shortage detection mechanism are uploaded to a PLC control system, and the high-precision adjusting mechanism is controlled through a PLC program, so that the die closing height of the press machine is adjusted.
6. Automated forging system according to claim 5, wherein the starved feeding detection means is selected from one of the following forms:
1. a pressure sensor for judging the material conveying state is arranged on the blank conveying device and used for acquiring data of the material shortage condition;
2. an image acquisition sensor used for judging the material conveying state is arranged on the blank conveying device and used for acquiring data of the material shortage condition.
7. The forging automation system of claim 5, wherein the PLC control system stores a seal height adjustment data set, which is obtained by calculating different deformation amounts of the press under different working conditions or measuring different sizes of parts under different working conditions, corresponding to the seal height adjustment amounts under different working conditions.
8. A production process of a forging automation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
data collected by a material shortage detection mechanism arranged on the blank conveying device are uploaded to a PLC control system;
the working condition of the press machine and the corresponding die closing height to be adjusted are calculated and pre-judged through a PLC program, and the high-precision sealing adjusting mechanism is controlled to perform corresponding adjustment.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein said adjusting the high-precision-adjusting mechanism accordingly comprises: the PLC controls the servo hydraulic cylinder (11) to drive the height sealing adjusting connecting rod (12) and drive the height sealing adjusting swing rod (13) to realize reciprocating motion in the horizontal direction, so that the pressure bearing eccentric pin rotates around the eccentric pin intermediate shaft (15), the pressure bearing eccentric pin (14) rotates to enable the sliding block (23) to move downwards or upwards relative to the eccentric pin intermediate shaft (15), and then the sliding block is driven to move downwards or upwards.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211684735.1A CN115945622A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for press, forging automatic system and process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211684735.1A CN115945622A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for press, forging automatic system and process |
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| CN202211684735.1A Pending CN115945622A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Sealing high-precision adjusting mechanism for press, forging automatic system and process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116727665A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 山西康腾威机械制造有限公司 | Automatic alloy manufacturing system |
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- 2022-12-27 CN CN202211684735.1A patent/CN115945622A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116727665A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 山西康腾威机械制造有限公司 | Automatic alloy manufacturing system |
| CN116727665B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-10-13 | 山西康腾威机械制造有限公司 | Automatic alloy manufacturing system |
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