CN101712062B - Plastic precision forming process and device for internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to plastic precise forming process and device of an internal bevel gear or a spiral involute internal spline. The plastic precise forming process comprises the process flows of baiting a blank; softening; preparing the blank; lubricating; precisely forming; and making a finished product. The forming device comprises a combined male die, a combined female die and a working piece-protruding part, wherein the combined male die adopts a vertical separate mode; and the bevel gear mandrel is freely movable and is rotatably formed by roll balls. The invention has the advantagesthat the utilization rate and the production efficiency of materials are greatly higher than the prior process, thereby being extremely suitable for mass production application and having notable economic benefits and favorable application prospects. The forming device has simple, unique and novel structure, convenient processing, preparation and manufacture, economy and practicability by saving complicated rotating device and popping device. Proved by experiments, the precise forming die has long service life and high quality of product parts.

Description

Internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline plastic precise forming process and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to the plastic precise forming technology of metal material, specifically be a kind of internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline plastic precise forming process and device, be applicable to the plastic precise forming of large batch of flat internal helical gear and spiral involute internal spline class part.

Background technology

At present, flat class internal helical gear and spiral involute internal spline part adopt mechanical smear metal processing technology processing usually, exist problems such as cutter life is low, cost is high, and the size homogeneity of product is bad, and production efficiency is low, and stock utilization is low.Along with the fast development of vapour holder industry, traditional mechanical smear metal processing method can't satisfy the demand of more and more producing in enormous quantities.

Goal of the invention

Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of technology and device that is used for internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline plastic precise forming at existing weak point in the above-mentioned existing technology just.

Research mechanism of the present invention is: according to mechanical analysis, when internal helical gear and spiral involute internal spline part plastic precise forming, must there be radial load and frictional resistance to balance each other, be whirligig---otherwise punch rotates, die rotates, perhaps blank rotates, and so this building mortion is with regard to more complicated.Given this, the planform of comprehensive considering various effects such as mould, the complexity of manufacturing, service life etc., design one cover internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline plastic precise forming device.The unique distinction of this device is forming terrace die is made separate assembling, and the profile of tooth mandrel is movable, and die is fixed, and part blank then is in free state, has given up traditional, complicated whirligig and liftout attachment.

The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions: internal helical gear of the present invention or spiral involute internal spline plastic precise forming process may further comprise the steps:

A, blanking;

B, soft annealing are handled;

C, base: prepare blank on request after removing blank surface oxide skin;

D, lubricated: adopt polymeric lubricant that blank is lubricated;

E, precision form: helical teeth or spiral involute internal spline on the plastic precise forming device, being shaped;

F, finished product.

" the FM-3 water base high molecular lubricant " that adopts among the present invention is Kaifeng, Henan Province Kang Jie washing assisant Co., Ltd according to the requirement of Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering fill a prescription produce, be used to be shaped in the polymeric lubricant of helical teeth or spiral involute internal spline.This lubricant is pollution-free, nonhazardous, and operation is convenient, and it is lubricated to replace traditional phosphatization saponification fully, and the frictional force in the time of can effectively reducing precision form can reach zero-emission, and processing quality is easy to control, and the molded article surface smoothness is good.[the multiple cold-stamped lubricant that can be used for is arranged on the market now, " the water-soluble cold extrusion lubricant of HR-35A " as the production of Guanghan City permanent profit chemical industry Co., Ltd, " the H-4 type water base high molecular lubricant " that Nanxi, Sichuan producing high-molecular factory produces, " the HST-1 polymeric lubricant " of Sichuan University's development etc. all can be used as the cold extrusion of ferrous metal, but the lubricant of each producer has his own strong points again, need through practical proof to determine adopting which kind of lubricant to be more suitable for the concrete part of formed thereby.】

Described finished product is flat internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline class part.

Its forming technology process is: adopt high speed band saw sawing bar, carrying out soft annealing then handles, prepare blank on request after removing blank surface oxide skin, adopt FM-3 polymeric lubricant (this lubricant has uniqueness) with the blank lubricated, at last shaping internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline on the plastic precise forming device.When shaping internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline workpiece, mould is assembled, punch and die are adjusted centering carefully, so that the dimensional accuracy of helical teeth spare in guaranteeing.

Plastic precise forming device of the present invention, comprise upper and lower template and be installed in the cover of one between upper and lower template combined heave die, combined die and workpiece and eject part, described combined heave die comprises: punch, punch case cooperate and upper padding plate is loaded in the punch fixed cover that is fixed on the cope match-plate pattern bottom surface by the punch locking nut, helical teeth core bar and punch are the branch body structure, and helical teeth core masthead portion is processed with the pit that can place ball; Described combined die is made up of die, middle die, middle die case, the mutual interference fit of die overcoat; Described workpiece ejection part branch comprises ejection ring, angled slide block and ejector beam.Combined die and workpiece eject part and are fixed in the die tube by the die tight loop, and cushion block, lower bolster are positioned at the die tube; The bottom cushion block is arranged in lower bolster, and lower bolster, cushion block and bottom cushion block set gradually and all be processed with centre bore from top to bottom, and its center axially bored line overlaps with the entire die axis, and ejector beam, angled slide block, ejection ring are installed in this centre bore successively.

In device of the present invention, helical teeth core bar is independent setting, free movable, can penetrate earlier during use in the blanking inner hole for preparing, and is shaped and can freely throws off from workpiece when finishing.

Its operation sequence is: earlier with punch 18 and punch case 17 matched in clearance, pack in 21 with upper padding plate 19 then, punch is installed in the punch fixed cover 20 that is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 16 bottom surfaces by screwing punch locking nut 21; During little die 12 gone into certain pressing piezometric in the die 4, and then with middle die case 3 interference fits, at last again with 2 interference fits of die overcoat, constitute combined die; Bottom cushion block 9 is put into lower bolster 8, cushion block 7, lower bolster 11 are successively put into die tube 10; Ejector beam 6, angled slide block 5, ejection ring 23 are successively put into the cushion block hole; Combined die is put into die tube 10, with die tight loop 1 whole die is fixed on the die tube 10 at last, die tube 10 is fixed on the lower bolster 8.

Helical teeth core bar 22 is penetrated in the blanking inner hole for preparing, then blank is put into die, ball 14 is put in the pit of helical teeth core bar 22, punch 18 is along with the descending contact ball 14 of guide pillar guide pin bushing 15 makes 22 rotations of helical teeth core bar, force metal flow to produce distortion, when helical teeth workpiece 13 meeted the requirements in the plastic precise forming, press stopped descending and backhaul, following liftout attachment action ejects interior helical teeth workpiece 13 by ejector beam 6, angled slide block 5, ejection ring 23.So move in circles and promptly can produce flat internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline class part in enormous quantities.

The present invention has following advantage:

1, internal helical gear or the spiral involute internal spline that adopts this plastic precise forming process and equipment to be shaped, has continuous metallic fiber streamline, avoided mechanical smear metal to add the defectives such as tool marks, micro-crack and fineness difference that form at tooth (groove) root man-hour, material structure is fine and close more, so, part is wear-resistant, the intensity height, and improve service life greatly.

2, adopt this plastic precise forming process and equipment shaping internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline, can shorten machining period greatly, production efficiency is mach 20～30 times approximately. and can save the required equipment of a large amount of cuttves, amount, jig and machined, manpower, the energy, the utilization rate of material also improves greatly simultaneously, the size favourable identity of part, the quality height has remarkable economic efficiency and social benefit, is fit to very much produce in enormous quantities use.

3, this technology and device are suitable for the plastic precise forming of internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline.This apparatus structure novelty, processing is manufactured simple, uses operation convenient, and die change is easy, the life-span is long, and suitable production in enormous quantities the in enormous quantities used.It is movable that this device is made up and down split with forming terrace die, is very easy to the processing and the replacing of profile of tooth punch like this, can save expensive mold materials, remarkable in economical benefits.In the forming process, die is fixed, and helical teeth core bar rotates freely under the drive of ball, and part blank then is in free state.Utilize ball to realize the rotary forming of helical teeth shape, it is also very simple to eject part, has given up complicated, loaded down with trivial details rotation and liftout attachment.Because the profile accuracy of internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline is by the accuracy guarantee of helical teeth core bar, and the machining accuracy of the helical teeth core bar of this device is easy to guarantee, so, the profile accuracy height of molded article.

4, in the plastic precise forming process of internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline, adopt the lubricated blank of polymeric lubricant, can effectively reduce frictional force, product surface fineness is good; Can reach the anacidity discharging, than the lubricated water saving 90% of traditional phosphatization saponification, pollution-free, nonhazardous is environmental type, is subjected to operative employee's welcome deeply.With traditional phosphatization method for saponification, the place area occupied is big, the producing cost height, and contaminated environment, processing quality also is difficult to control.

5, this building mortion novel structure, processing and fabricating is simple, has saved expensive mold materials widely, remarkable in economical benefits.Use operation simultaneously is convenient, and die life is long, replacing is easy, is suitable for very much producing in enormous quantities and uses.

6, the present invention adopts plastic precise forming process, determine reasonable technological parameter, adopt an effective measure flat class internal helical gear and spiral involute internal spline part plastic precise forming, the surface smoothness of its profile of tooth and spline, precision, size etc. all reach the designing requirement of part, and need not machined again can use.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is a plastic precise forming apparatus structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Sequence number among the figure: the 1st, die tight loop, the 2nd, die overcoat, the 3rd, middle die case, the 4th, middle die, the 5th, angled slide block, the 6th, ejector beam, the 7th, cushion block, the 8th, lower bolster, the 9th, bottom cushion block, the 10th, die tube, the 11st, lower bolster, the 12nd, little die, the 13rd, interior helical teeth workpiece, the 14th, ball, the 15th, guide pillar guide pin bushing, the 16th, cope match-plate pattern, the 17th, punch case, the 18th, punch, the 19th, upper padding plate, the 20th, punch fixed cover, the 21st, punch locking nut, the 22nd, helical teeth core bar, the 23rd, ejection ring.

The specific embodiment

Concrete forming technology process of the present invention is: adopt high speed band saw sawing bar, carry out soft annealing then and handle, to improve metal deformation plasticity; Prepare blank on request after removing blank surface oxide skin; Adopt polymeric lubricant (this lubricant has uniqueness) that blank is lubricated, to reduce the surface smoothness of frictional resistance and raising workpiece; Last on the forcing press that the plastic precise forming device is housed shaping internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline.

Building mortion of the present invention is described further in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in the figure, internal helical gear of the present invention (spiral involute internal spline) plastic precise forming device comprises that a cover combined heave die, combined die and workpiece eject part.Its concrete assembling mode: earlier with punch 18 and punch case 17 matched in clearance, pack in 21 with upper padding plate 19 then, punch is installed in the punch fixed cover 20 that is fixed on cope match-plate pattern 16 bottom surfaces by screwing punch locking nut 21; During die 12 gone into certain pressing piezometric in the die 4, and then with middle die case 3 interference fits, at last again with 2 interference fits of die overcoat, constitute combined die; Bottom cushion block 9 is put into lower bolster 8, cushion block 7, lower bolster 11 are successively put into die tube 10; Ejector beam 6, angled slide block 5, ejection ring 23 are installed in the cushion block centre bore successively; Combined die is put into die tube 10, with die tight loop 13 whole die is fixed on the die tube 10 at last, die tube 10 is fixed on the lower bolster 8.

Helical gear core bar 22 is penetrated in the blanking inner hole for preparing, then blank is put into die, ball 14 is put in the pit of helical gear core bar 22, punch 18 forces metal flow to produce distortion along with the descending contact ball 14 of guide pillar guide pin bushing 15 makes 22 rotations of helical teeth core bar.When helical teeth workpiece 13 meeted the requirements in the plastic precise forming, press stopped descending and backhaul, and following liftout attachment action ejects interior helical teeth workpiece 13 by ejector beam 6, angled slide block 5, ejection ring 23.So move in circles and promptly can produce flat internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline class part in enormous quantities.

When shaping flat class internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline workpiece, need mould is assembled, punch and die are adjusted centering carefully, so that guarantee the precision of internal helical gear or spiral involute internal spline spare.

Claims (1)

1. A plastic precision forming device for internal helical gears or spiral involute internal splines, characterized in that: comprise upper and lower templates (16, 8) and a set of combined punches installed between upper and lower templates, Combined die and workpiece ejection part, the combined punch includes: the punch (18), the punch sleeve (17) fit and the upper backing plate (19) is fixed on the upper by the punch lock nut (21). In the punch fixing sleeve (20) on the bottom surface of the template (16), the helical-toothed mandrel (22) and the punch (18) are in a split structure, and the top of the helical-toothed mandrel (22) is processed with balls (14 ), the helical-toothed mandrel (22) is set separately and freely movable, and is first inserted into the prepared blank inner hole during use, and is free to disengage from the workpiece (13) when the forming is completed; the combination The concave mold is composed of the concave mold (12), the middle concave mold (4), the middle concave mold cover (3), and the concave mold jacket (2) with mutual interference fit, and the concave mold (12) is pressed with a certain pressing amount into the middle die (4), then press-fit with the middle die cover (3), and finally press-fit with the die cover (2); the ejection part of the workpiece includes an ejection ring (23), an ejection block (5) and ejector rod (6), the combined die and the workpiece ejection part are fixed in the die cylinder (10) through the die fastening ring (1), the cushion block (7), the lower backing plate (11 ) is located in the die barrel (10); the bottom cushion block (9) is located in the lower formwork (8), and the bottom cushion plate (11), cushion block (7) and bottom cushion block (9) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom and All are provided with a central hole, and the axis of the central hole coincides with the central axis of the whole mold, and the ejector rod (6), the ejector block (5), and the ejector ring (23) are successively installed in the central hole.

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