CN115945515A - Method and device for improving head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on slab thickness - Google Patents
Method and device for improving head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on slab thickness Download PDFInfo
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- CN115945515A CN115945515A CN202211191752.1A CN202211191752A CN115945515A CN 115945515 A CN115945515 A CN 115945515A CN 202211191752 A CN202211191752 A CN 202211191752A CN 115945515 A CN115945515 A CN 115945515A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving the head-tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a plate blank, which comprises the following production process flows of the non-oriented electrical steel: non-oriented electrical steel plate blank → heating furnace → hot rolling → acid cleaning → cold rolling → finished product annealing coating → finishing packaging; the hot rolling comprises high-pressure water dephosphorization, rough rolling, finish rolling, laminar cooling and coiling, and a non-oriented electrical steel plate blank with a thinner middle part than a head part and a thinner tail part is formed in the finish rolling process. The hot coil with thicker head and tail than the middle is formed in the hot rolling stage, so the cold rolling reduction rate of the head and the tail is larger, the cold rolling deformation energy storage of the head and the tail is more, the recrystallization growth of the head and the tail crystal grains is more facilitated during the subsequent annealing of finished products, the uniformity of the head and the tail and the middle structure are ensured, and the performance of the head and the tail is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of non-oriented electrical steel, and particularly relates to a method and a device for improving head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on slab thickness.
Background
The non-oriented electrical steel is mainly used for manufacturing iron cores of various motors, is an indispensable important soft magnetic material in the industries of electric power, electronics and military affairs, and is an energy-saving important metal functional material. With the upgrade of the national motor energy efficiency standard, the requirement on the magnetic performance (particularly iron loss) of the non-oriented electrical steel is higher and higher. For medium and low grade non-oriented electrical steel, in order to control the cost, the conventional manufacturing process is as follows: steel making → continuous casting → hot rolling → acid washing → cold rolling → annealing → coating → shearing packaging, without a normalizing process. The main purpose of normalizing is to make the hot rolled plate structure more uniform, increase the recrystallized grains and prevent the corrugated defects; during the normalizing process, the high temperature coarsens crystal grains and precipitates, strengthens the {100} and {110} components and weakens the {111} component, and can obviously improve the magnetic performance. In order to obtain better magnetic property without a normalizing process flow, most of non-oriented electrical steel production enterprises basically adopt a high-temperature coiling mode after hot rolling at present. However, high temperature coiling also presents other problems: the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the steel coil is increased, the temperature of the steel bands of the inner ring and the outer ring is about 100 ℃ lower than that of the steel band of the middle part, and the magnetism of the finished product is not uniform and is expressed as headThe iron loss deterioration between the head and the tail (the difference is 0.4-0.5W/kg, the deterioration rate is about 10-15 percent), the head and tail performance deterioration value delta = | the middle performance-the head and tail performance |),
One obvious result of this situation is that the overall performance level of the steel coil is lowered due to the poor head-to-tail performance of the finished steel coil. In order to reflect the magnetic performance of the whole roll more objectively, the magnetic measurement evaluation of small rolls is adopted, and the head and tail rolls and the middle roll are separately detected, so that the process cost is increased, the yield of the finished product is reduced, the loss is about 10-30%, and the realization of delivery forms such as large-roll straight hair is influenced; meanwhile, when in use, a user is easy to influence the consistency of the performance of a finished motor product due to the fluctuation of the silicon steel performance, and finally influences the design, use and popularization of the motor.
In order to control the uniformity of the performance of the whole coil, a great deal of work is also done by the predecessors, for example, aiming at the nonuniform temperature after the hot rolling process of the root source, the hot rolled coil is placed in a heat-insulating cover for cooling after high-temperature coiling, or is placed in a furnace with the temperature about 100 ℃ higher than the coiling temperature and is subjected to heat insulation for a short time (10-40 min), and then is subjected to water cooling or other means for controlling the cooling to 600 ℃ after heat insulation, and has clear calculation requirements on the cooling time, for example, patents of ' method for coiling temperature uniformity after hot rolling of electric steel ' (JPA 1981-033436), ' non-oriented electric steel preparation method for keeping the temperature and normalizing magnetic performance after hot rolling coiling ' (JPA 1982-043132), ' non-oriented electric steel preparation method for excellent plate shape and magnetic performance ' (JPA 1985-194), and ' non-oriented electric steel normalization method after hot rolling and coiling of non-oriented electric steel (JPA 1985-050117) and the like, the temperature control and the cooling make the temperature of the whole coil uniform and the structure of the whole coil uniform after hot rolling, so as to obtain the uniform performance of the whole coil, and the effective cold rolling of the coil, and the hot rolling, and the effective storage of the coil can be increased and the storage time of the hot rolling production field, and the hot rolling field can be increased.
Patent "a hot rolling method of electrical steel" (CN 104726763B) discloses a production method: the hot rolling and finish rolling adopt single-stand rolling, hot coil boxes with heating functions are added in front of and behind a rolling mill, the hot coil boxes are heated after each pass of hot rolling and finish rolling, and the temperature of the hot coil boxes is controlled to be 900-1000 ℃. Although the solid solution of precipitates during heating can be effectively inhibited at a lower slab heating temperature, the problem of lower head and tail temperatures can be solved, and the product performance fluctuation of the final product is small, the production efficiency is greatly reduced due to the use of the hot coil box, and the additional increase of the equipment investment of the hot coil box is needed.
Patent "a non-oriented silicon steel production method for improving head and tail performance" (CN 101618502A) discloses a production method: the problem that the temperature of the head and tail parts of the steel billet is too high due to the fact that non-oriented silicon steel and other products with different heating requirements are heated in the same furnace is effectively solved by coating a layer of coating which has the heat conductivity coefficient less than 10W/m.K and can be peeled off in hot rolling descaling on the head and tail end surfaces of the steel billet before the hot rolling billet is charged into the furnace for heating, and the electromagnetic performance of the head and tail parts of the cold rolling non-oriented silicon steel product can be obviously improved. Patent "a hot rolling heating method for improving the head and tail performance of non-oriented silicon steel" (CN 101879529A) discloses a production method: the temperature of the head and the tail of the billet is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of the burners in the heating furnace, so that the electromagnetic performance of the head and the tail of the cold-rolled non-oriented silicon steel product can be obviously improved. The main focus of the two methods is to uniformly control the heating temperature in the billet furnace, and no solution is described or proposed for the head-tail temperature difference after hot rolling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for improving the head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a plate blank.
The invention is realized in this way, a method for improving the head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a plate blank, the production process flow of the non-oriented electrical steel is as follows: non-oriented electrical steel plate blank → heating furnace → hot rolling → acid cleaning → cold rolling → finished product annealing coating → finishing packaging;
the hot rolling comprises high-pressure water dephosphorization, rough rolling, finish rolling, laminar cooling and coiling, and a non-oriented electrical steel plate blank with a thinner middle part than a head part and a thinner tail part is formed in the finish rolling process.
Further, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet blank having a thinner middle portion than the head portion and the tail portion is obtained by adjusting the rolling force during the finish rolling.
Further, a rolling force calculation formula in the finish rolling process is specifically as follows:
wherein, F t Shows the rolling force at time t, K m The resistance to deformation is determined based on the composition of the non-oriented electrical steel, the hot rolling temperature in a steady state, and the tension before and after rolling, C F Representing a correction coefficient, and determining a value based on steel components, wherein the value range is 0.4-0.8; h t Represents the thickness, Q, of the non-oriented electrical steel slab at the finish rolling entrance at time t t-1 Shows the influence of the geometrical part on the rolling force during the deformation at the moment t-1,
v t-1 represents the rolling speed at the time t-1, R' represents the flattening radius of the roll, h t-1 Represents the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel slab at the finish rolling exit at time t-1.
Further, aiming at the laminar flow cooling process, laminar flow cooling is carried out on the middle part of the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank.
Further, the head, the middle and the tail of the non-oriented electrical steel slab are determined based on a temperature curve of the non-oriented electrical steel slab, a difference between an actual temperature value and a target temperature at each position on the temperature curve is calculated, and if the absolute value of the difference is greater than a set temperature difference threshold, the corresponding position is located at the head or the tail of the non-oriented electrical steel slab, wherein the target temperature is set based on the steel grade.
Furthermore, the finishing temperature of the finish rolling is controlled between 790 and 830 ℃.
Furthermore, the coiling temperature is 700-740 ℃.
Furthermore, the target thickness of the cold rolling is 0.50mm, the annealing soaking temperature of the finished product is 820-860 ℃, and the soaking time is 20-40 s.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for improving the head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a plate blank, which comprises:
the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the finishing mill, and the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 are in communication connection with the controller;
the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 send the thickness of the detected plate blank to the controller, the controller reads the rolling speed, and the rolling force of the roller in the finish rolling process is controlled based on the method for improving the head and tail performance of the non-oriented electrical steel based on the plate blank thickness, so that the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank with the middle part thinner than the head part and the tail part is formed.
The hot coil with thicker head and tail than the middle is formed in the hot rolling stage, so the cold rolling reduction rate of the head and the tail is larger, the cold rolling deformation energy storage of the head and the tail is more, the recrystallization growth of the head and the tail crystal grains is more facilitated during the subsequent annealing of finished products, the uniformity of the head and the tail and the middle structure are ensured, and the performance of the head and the tail is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for improving head-to-tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on slab thickness according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be given in order to provide those skilled in the art with a more complete, accurate and thorough understanding of the inventive concept and technical solutions of the present invention.
The invention provides a hot rolling control model based on a driving force theory in a grain recrystallization growth theory, realizes hot rolling variable thickness rolling, enables the thickness of the head and the tail of a hot coil to be larger than that of the middle part, leads the reduction rate of the head and the tail to be larger than that of the middle part when the hot coil is cold rolled to the target thickness of a finished product, drives the growth and homogenization of the head and the tail of the crystal grains in the subsequent annealing process of the finished product due to the larger deformation energy storage of the head and the tail, makes up the defects brought by the previous process, improves the magnetic performance of the head and the tail of the steel coil, and realizes the improvement of the consistency of the magnetic performance of the coil passing through.
The production process flow of the non-oriented electrical steel comprises the following steps: non-oriented electrical steel slab → heating furnace → hot rolling → pickling → cold rolling → finished product annealing coating → finishing packaging, as shown in fig. 1.
The non-oriented electrical steel plate blank is obtained by steel making and continuous casting processes, and the weight percentage of main alloy elements in the chemical components of the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank is as follows: si is more than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 1.0 percent, mn is more than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 0.5 percent, als is more than or equal to 0.1 percent and less than or equal to 0.5 percent, the soaking temperature of the heating furnace is 1050-1150 ℃, and the soaking time is 40-60 min;
the hot rolling comprises high-pressure water dephosphorization, rough rolling, finish rolling, laminar cooling and coiling, wherein the high-pressure water dephosphorization and the rough rolling are carried out according to a conventional process, the finish rolling process adopts variable thickness rolling, and a control model of the rolling force is as follows:
wherein, F t The rolling force at the time t is expressed in kN; k m The expression deformation resistance is determined based on the components of the non-oriented electrical steel, the hot rolling temperature in a stable state and the tension before and after rolling, the unit is MPa, and the expression deformation resistance is measured by an off-line experimental method and is shown in a curve or a table; c F Representing a correction coefficient, and determining a value based on steel type components, wherein the value range is 0.4-0.8; h represents the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank at the finish rolling inlet, and the thickness H of the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank at the inlet does not change along with time because the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank from the heating furnace has uniform thickness; q t-1 Shows the influence of the geometrical part on the rolling force during the deformation at the moment t-1,
v t-1 the rolling speed at the time of t-1 is expressed in m/s, R' represents the flattening radius of the roller, andthe position is mm, h t-1 Represents the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel slab at the finish rolling outlet at the time t-1 and has a unit of mm.
Before starting the rolls in finish rolling, setting the initial value F of the rolling force 0 And the initial thickness H of the finish rolling inlet non-oriented electrical steel slab 0 (ii) a In addition, the historical parameters in the finish rolling process are collected, and the historical parameters comprise: and (3) constructing a control model of the rolling force in a linear regression mode according to the rolling speed, the thickness of the plate blank at the finish rolling inlet and the rolling force corresponding to the thickness of the plate blank at the finish rolling outlet.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the target thickness of the middle portion of the slab is set to be generally 2.3mm, and the initial rolling force F is set according to the composition of the steel grade and the target thickness 0 The head and the tail of the plate blank realize the feedback adjustment of rolling force mainly through rolling speed so as to control the thickness; after the rolling enters the stabilization period of the middle part of the steel strip, the rolling is stably carried out at the set rolling speed, the rolling force is basically stable, and therefore the thickness is stable. The purpose that the thickness of the head and the tail of the steel strip is thicker than that of the middle part can be realized through controlling the rolling force control model, and the finish rolling temperature of finish rolling is controlled to be 790-830 ℃.
After finish rolling, the head and the tail of laminar cooling are not put into use, the middle of laminar cooling is put into use, the cooling strength is automatically and dynamically adjusted along with the actual hot coil temperature, and the dynamic adjustment method belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail herein;
determining the head, the middle and the tail of the non-oriented electrical steel slab based on a temperature curve of the non-oriented electrical steel slab, calculating a difference value between an actual temperature value and a target temperature at each position on the temperature curve, and if the absolute value of the difference value is greater than a set temperature difference threshold value (20 ℃), locating the corresponding position at the head or the tail of the non-oriented electrical steel slab, wherein the target temperature is set based on the steel type.
The coiling temperature is 700-740 ℃. Because the thickness of the head and the tail is thicker than that of the middle part and the proper application of laminar cooling is matched, the uniformity of the coiling temperature of the coil can be ensured.
The acid cleaning, the cold rolling, the finished product annealing coating and the finishing packaging are carried out by adopting a conventional mode, the finished product annealing soaking temperature is 820-860 ℃, and the soaking time is 20-40 s. The target thickness of the cold rolling is 0.50mm, and the thickness of the head and the tail of the hot rolling is thicker than that of the middle part, so that the cold rolling reduction rate of the head and the tail is larger, the cold rolling deformation energy storage of the head and the tail is more, the recrystallization growth of crystal grains at the head and the tail during the annealing of subsequent finished products is more facilitated, the uniformity of the head and the tail and the middle structure are ensured, and the performance of the head and the tail is improved.
The invention also provides a device for improving the head-tail performance of the non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of the plate blank, which comprises: the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the finishing mill, and the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 are in communication connection with the controller; the thickness gauge 1 and the thickness gauge 2 send the thickness of the detected plate blank to the controller, the controller reads the rolling speed, and the rolling force of the roller in the finish rolling process is controlled based on the plate blank thickness-based non-oriented electrical steel head and tail performance improving method, so that the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank with the middle part thinner than the head part and the tail part is formed.
By adopting the production method, the non-oriented electrical steel product with high coil-through performance consistency can be produced at lower production cost, and the iron loss performance deterioration value delta P of the head, the tail and the middle part of the finished product 1.5/50 The improvement is improved from the prior 0.4-0.5W/kg to delta P 1.5/50 Not more than 0.1W/kg, and the iron loss deterioration rate is improved from 10-15% to below 2%.
The invention has been described by way of example, and it is to be understood that its specific implementation is not limited to the details of construction and arrangement shown, but is within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for improving the head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a slab is characterized in that the production process flow of the non-oriented electrical steel is as follows: non-oriented electrical steel plate blank → heating furnace → hot rolling → acid cleaning → cold rolling → finished product annealing coating → finishing packaging;
the hot rolling comprises high-pressure water dephosphorization, rough rolling, finish rolling, laminar cooling and coiling, and a non-oriented electrical steel plate blank with a thinner middle part than a head part and a thinner tail part is formed in the finish rolling process.
2. The method for improving the head-to-tail properties of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet based on the thickness of a slab according to claim 1, wherein the non-oriented electrical steel sheet slab having a thinner middle portion than the head portion and the tail portion is obtained by adjusting a rolling force during the finish rolling.
3. The method for improving the head-to-tail performance of the non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of the slab as claimed in claim 2, wherein the calculation formula of the rolling force in the finish rolling process is as follows:
wherein, F t Shows the rolling force at time t, K m The resistance to deformation is determined based on the composition of the non-oriented electrical steel, the hot rolling temperature in a steady state, and the tension before and after rolling, C F Representing a correction coefficient, and determining a value based on steel components, wherein the value range is 0.4-0.8; h t Represents the thickness, Q, of the non-oriented electrical steel slab at the finish rolling entrance at time t t-1 Shows the influence of the geometrical part on the rolling force during the deformation at the moment t-1,
v t-1 represents the rolling speed at the time t-1, R' represents the flattening radius of the roll, h t-1 Represents the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel slab at the finish rolling exit at time t-1.
4. The method for improving the head-to-tail properties of non-oriented electrical steel sheet based on the thickness of the sheet blank according to claim 2, wherein the laminar cooling is performed on the middle portion of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet blank for a laminar cooling process.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the head, the middle and the tail of the non-oriented electrical steel slab are determined based on a temperature curve of the non-oriented electrical steel slab, a difference between an actual temperature value and a target temperature at each position on the temperature curve is calculated, and if an absolute value of the difference is greater than a set temperature difference threshold, the corresponding position is at the head or the tail of the non-oriented electrical steel slab, wherein the target temperature is set based on the steel grade.
6. The method for improving the head-to-tail properties of a non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a slab as set forth in claim 1, wherein the finish rolling temperature of the finish rolling is controlled to be between 790 and 830 ℃.
7. The method for improving the head-to-tail properties of a non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a slab according to claim 1, wherein the coiling temperature is 700 ℃ to 740 ℃.
8. The method for improving the head-to-tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a slab as claimed in claim 1, wherein the target thickness of cold rolling is 0.50mm, the annealing soaking temperature of the finished product is 820-860 ℃, and the soaking time is 20-40 s.
9. An apparatus for improving the head-to-tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of a slab, the apparatus comprising:
the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 are arranged at the inlet and the outlet of the finishing mill, and the thickness measuring instrument 1 and the thickness measuring instrument 2 are in communication connection with the controller;
the thickness gauge 1 and the thickness gauge 2 send the detected thickness of the plate blank to the controller, the controller reads the rolling speed, and the method for improving the head and tail performance of the non-oriented electrical steel based on the thickness of the plate blank is used for controlling the rolling force of the roller in the finish rolling process based on any claim of 1 to 8, so that the non-oriented electrical steel plate blank with the middle part thinner than the head part and the tail part is formed.
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| CN202211191752.1A CN115945515A (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Method and device for improving head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on slab thickness |
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| CN202211191752.1A CN115945515A (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Method and device for improving head and tail performance of non-oriented electrical steel based on slab thickness |
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