CN115941045A - Discrete dispersion compensation device based on multichannel parallel micro-ring assembly - Google Patents
Discrete dispersion compensation device based on multichannel parallel micro-ring assembly Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a discrete dispersion compensation device based on a multi-channel micro-ring. The uploading waveguide and the downloading waveguide are arranged in parallel at intervals, a multi-channel parallel micro-ring component is arranged between the uploading waveguide and the downloading waveguide and comprises n micro-rings which are arranged at intervals in the waveguide direction, and a delay line is arranged on the uploading waveguide between every two adjacent micro-rings, so that different micro-rings are adaptive to optical signals with different wavelengths; the signal to be dispersion compensated is input into the up-loading waveguide, coupled and transmitted to the down-loading waveguide through each micro-ring in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component, and divided into n discrete wavelength signals through n micro-rings, and finally output after the down-loading carrier wave is conducted and wavelength division multiplexing is carried out. The invention combines the micro-ring wavelength division multiplexing device and the compact delay line to form the dispersion compensation device of on-chip dispersion, realizes the dispersion compensation device on the high-performance integrated chip with multi-channel, large delay and low delay jitter, can reduce the influence of dispersion on a communication system, reduces spectrum broadening and distortion, and reduces the error rate of transmission signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a discrete dispersion compensation device in the field of communication, in particular to a discrete dispersion compensation device based on a multichannel parallel micro-ring component.
Background
In communication systems, long distance transmission is always accompanied by chromatic dispersion effects, resulting in broadening and distortion of the pulses, and thus in large crosstalk of the signals. As dispersion accumulates, the error rate of the system increases rapidly, resulting in a decrease in bandwidth and transmission rate. Such time delay and phase distortion have a serious influence on signal synchronization, wavelength division multiplexing, and long-distance transmission. The dispersion compensation device can provide accurate time delay compensation for optical signals, ensure stable signal transmission rate and low bit error rate, and improve the reliability of the system.
At present, commercial dispersion compensation devices mainly use dispersion Bragg fiber gratings (DCFs), the space optical device has a large area and no advantage in the rapid development of high integration, and a more miniaturized device is urgently needed to replace the DCFs. The silicon-based optoelectronic integration technology compatible with the CMOS standard process is gradually becoming the main direction of communication system research, and the high refractive index of silicon enables light to be bound on a chip structure with a smaller size, thereby realizing high integration of an optical communication system. The on-chip chirped bragg grating becomes a common design for dispersion compensation, but because the delay spectrum of the on-chip chirped bragg grating is very sensitive to the period processing tolerance, the generated group delay ripple is difficult to eliminate, and the on-chip chirped bragg grating has a large obstruction in the practical system application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the background technology, the invention provides a dispersion compensation device based on a multichannel parallel micro-ring component, which utilizes a dispersion compensation system combining a wavelength division multiplexing device and a delay line to respectively compensate discrete single wavelengths, can overcome the problem of group delay fluctuation in principle, provides an accurate delay compensation value and has better practical value in an on-chip dispersion compensation device.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention comprises an uploading waveguide, a multi-channel parallel micro-ring component, a delay line and a downloading waveguide; the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component is mainly composed of n micro-rings which are arranged in the direction of the uploading waveguide/the downloading waveguide at intervals and have the same structure but the radius is uniformly increased or reduced, different radii correspond to different wavelength channels, delay lines are arranged on the uploading waveguide between every two adjacent micro-rings, so that optical signals passing through the uploading waveguide are delayed by the delay lines, and n-1 delay lines are arranged among the n micro-ring components, so that different micro-rings are adapted to the optical signals with different wavelengths;
the signal to be compensated is input into the uploading waveguide, is coupled and transmitted into the downloading waveguide through each micro-ring in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly, so that the signal to be compensated is divided into n discrete wavelength signals through n micro-rings in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly, and the n discrete wavelength signals are output after the downloading waveguide is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing combination, thereby realizing the discrete separation of input and output signals.
The n discrete wavelength signals are lambda 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 ……λ i 、λ i+1 ……λ n And i ∈ [1, n ]]Wherein i represents a channel number, λ i Representing the ith discrete wavelength signal, λ i+1 The i +1 th discrete wavelength signal is represented, the wavelength difference delta lambda of every two adjacent discrete wavelength signals is equal, and the wavelength of the discrete wavelength signal is sequentially increased or decreased in equal difference along with the channel serial number.
The wavelength difference Δ λ is specifically determined by the following formula:
Δλ＝λ i+1 -λ i
when the wavelength difference Delta lambda is a positive value, lambda i+1 >λ i The wavelength of the discrete wavelength signal is sequentially increased by equal difference along with the channel serial number, and the radius of the micro-ring is also sequentially increased by equal difference along with the channel serial number; when the wavelength difference Delta lambda is a negative value, lambda i+1 <λ i The wavelength of the discrete wavelength signal is sequentially decreased by equal difference along with the channel serial number, and the radius of the micro-ring is also sequentially decreased by equal difference along with the channel serial number.
The delay lines are used for generating time delay on discrete wavelength signals, and all the n-1 delay lines generate the same time delay t 0 Wherein for the first discrete wavelength signal λ 1 Without time delay, each remaining discrete wavelength signal lambda i Generate respective time delay respectively through respective number of time delay lines, i-th discrete wavelength signal lambda i The delay accumulated by the i-1 delay lines is t i ＝t 0 * (i-1) and i ∈ [2,n ]]I.e. the second discrete wavelength signal lambda 2 Through a delay line, a third discrete wavelength signal lambda 2 Through two delay lines.
The dispersion compensation value of the compensation device is specifically determined by the following formula:
D＝t 0 /Δλ
wherein D represents a dispersion compensation value, t 0 Indicating that the individual delay lines all produce the same time delay, and a lambda represents the wavelength difference of each two adjacent discrete wavelength signals.
And judging according to the value of the wavelength difference as follows: when the wavelength difference delta lambda is positive, positive dispersion compensation is realized, and the dispersion compensation value D is greater than 0; when the wavelength difference Δ λ is negative, negative dispersion compensation is realized, and the dispersion compensation value D <0.
The compensation device has a total compensation bandwidth of (n-1) × Δ λ.
The delay line adopts a spiral compact waveguide structure to reduce the area of a compensation device.
The uploading waveguide, the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component, the delay line and the downloading waveguide are all made of single-chip integration and arranged on the substrate silicon, and the uploading waveguide, the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component, the delay line and the downloading waveguide are all made of silicon materials.
The invention divides the wave of the signal to be compensated into a plurality of discrete independent wavelength channels with the same interval by utilizing the dense wavelength division multiplexing effect of the parallel micro-rings, adds a delay line with quantitative delay into the connecting waveguide between the parallel micro-rings, increases the accumulated delay of different wavelength channels along with the increase of the wavelength channels, and multiplexes the accumulated delay into the same waveguide through the download port of the micro-ring to carry out beam combination. At this time, different wavelengths generate different delays, and a discrete dispersion compensation effect is formed.
The invention utilizes the wavelength division multiplexing function of the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component to separate the signal to be compensated into discrete wavelength signals with equal intervals according to the wavelength, and adds a delay line between the parallel micro-rings, thereby leading the discrete wavelength signals to have different delay differences and generating the dispersion compensation effect.
The invention utilizes the wavelength division demultiplexing function of the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component to combine the compensated delay lines into the same download waveguide, and simultaneously realizes multiplexing and input-output separation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention combines the micro-ring wavelength division multiplexing device and the compact delay line to form the dispersion compensation device of on-chip dispersion, realizes the dispersion compensation device on the high-performance integrated chip with multi-channel, large delay and low delay jitter, can reduce the influence of dispersion on a communication system, reduces spectrum broadening and distortion, and reduces the error rate of transmission signals.
The invention utilizes the wavelength division multiplexing function of the parallel micro-ring device to be combined with the delay line, divides the signal wave to be compensated into discrete wavelength signals for compensation, and then combines and bundles the discrete wavelength signals into the download waveguide through wavelength division demultiplexing to realize the combination and separation of input and output signals.
The invention has the advantages of high integration, low loss and the like of the integrated optical device on the silicon chip, simultaneously realizes the dispersion compensation performance of multi-channel, large delay and low delay jitter, can realize the high-performance integrated dispersion compensation device of multi-channel, large delay and low delay jitter on the integrated silicon chip, and is suitable for the transceiver module in a long-distance transmission communication system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a discrete dispersion compensation device based on a multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the helical compact waveguide delay line of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simulated spectrum diagram of each discrete wavelength channel of the micro-ring wavelength division multiplexing device in the embodiment of the invention.
In the figure: the device comprises an uploading device (1), a parallel micro-ring (2), a delay line (3) and a downloading waveguide (4).
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodied discrete dispersion compensation device based on the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component includes an up-waveguide 1 for inputting a signal to be compensated into the device; a parallel micro-ring 2 for wavelength division multiplexing; a delay line 3 for generating time delay between the parallel micro-rings; the micro-ring download signals are bundled into a download waveguide 4 of the same waveguide.
The multi-channel parallel micro-ring component 2 is mainly composed of n micro-rings which are arranged in the direction of the uploading waveguide 1/the downloading waveguide 4 at intervals and have the same structure but the radius is uniformly increased or reduced, a delay line 3 is arranged on the uploading waveguide 1 between every two adjacent micro-rings, so that an optical signal passing through the uploading waveguide 1 is delayed by the delay line 3, and n-1 delay lines 3 are arranged between the n micro-ring components, so that different micro-rings are adapted to optical signals with different wavelengths;
the signal to be dispersed and compensated is input into the uploading waveguide 1, is coupled and transmitted into the downloading waveguide 4 through each micro-ring in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component 2, so that the signal to be compensated is divided into n discrete wavelength signals through n micro-rings in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component 2, and the n discrete wavelength signals are output after the downloading waveguide 4 is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing combination, thereby realizing the discrete separation of input and output signals.
The wavelength division multiplexing device is connected with the micro-ring 2 in parallel, and the compensation signal input by the uploading waveguide is divided into n discrete wavelength signals lambda by n micro-rings 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 ……λ i 、λ i+1 ……λ n Adjacent wavelength intervals Δ λ = λ i+1 -λ i The value is constant, and may be positive or negative. Is a timing of lambda i+1 >λ i The wavelength is uniformly increased along with the serial number of the channel, and the radius of the micro-ring is uniformly increased along with the serial number of the channel; when it is negative, λ i+1 <λ i The wavelength is uniformly reduced along with the serial number of the channel, and the radius of the micro-ring is uniformly reduced along with the serial number of the channel. The total bandwidth of the compensation is (n-1) × Δ λ. Discrete wavelength signals downloaded by the parallel micro-ring 2 are all multiplexed into the download waveguide 4 through wavelength division demultiplexing of the parallel micro-ring 2, and input and output signal separation is achieved.
The delay line 3 is used for generating time delay for discrete wavelength signals, and all n-1 delaysThe lines 3 all produce the same time delay t 0 Wherein for the first discrete wavelength signal λ 1 Without time delay, each remaining discrete wavelength signal lambda i Respectively generate respective time delay through respective number of delay lines, i-th discrete wavelength signal lambda i The delay accumulated by i-1 delay lines is t i ＝t 0 * (i-1) and i ∈ [2,n ]]I.e. the second discrete wavelength signal lambda 2 Through a delay line, a third discrete wavelength signal lambda 2 Through two delay lines. Positive dispersion compensation is achieved when Δ λ is positive, at which time D>0; negative dispersion compensation is achieved when Δ λ is negative, when D is<0。
In the implementation, as shown in fig. 2, the delay line 3 adopts a helical compact waveguide structure to reduce the area of the device. The uploading waveguide, the parallel micro-ring, the delay line and the downloading waveguide are all arranged on the substrate silicon and are manufactured by adopting single-chip integration, and the core layer is also made of silicon.
The examples of the invention are as follows:
the silicon-based optical waveguide, the wavelength division multiplexing device and the delay line based on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) materials are selected, the core layer is made of silicon, the thickness is 220nm, the refractive index is 3.4744, the working waveband is a communication waveband near 1550nm, and the upper cladding layer is made of silicon dioxide. Selecting a single-mode waveguide with the width of 450nm as an input-output waveguide, each wavelength multiplexing channel waveguide and a connecting waveguide.
As shown in fig. 1, the wavelength division multiplexing device in this example selects a multi-group first-order micro-ring combination structure, the first-order micro-ring has a large processing tolerance, and in the actual device design, the radius and the width of the coupling region of each micro-ring are controlled to match the wavelength channel with corresponding fineness, so as to perform wavelength division multiplexing on the optical signal within the required compensation bandwidth, and process the optical signal into a discrete wavelength signal. The download wavelength is changed by finely adjusting the radius of each group of cascade rings, and the download function of a plurality of single wavelength channels with equal adjacent intervals is realized. Wavelength drift may occur to the wavelength channel that each micro-ring corresponds because of processing error, but the fineness does not have great change, and the fineness is the wavelength interval between adjacent wavelength channels, can finely tune the wavelength through the mode of placing heating electrode on the micro-ring, adjusts the voltage at heating electrode both ends and produces different temperatures, and the refractive index that brings through the thermo-optic effect changes and carries out the wavelength and aim at.
In the design of the embodiment, the total dispersion compensation bandwidth n x Δ λ =30nm, the wavelength range is 1530-1560 nm, the parallel micro-rings divide the wavelength in the bandwidth into n =16 discrete wavelength channels, and the adjacent wavelength interval Δ λ =2nm. The simulated spectrum of each discrete wavelength channel of the micro-ring wavelength division multiplexing device is shown in fig. 3. Design unit time length t of delay 0 =20ps, the delay line is a helical compact waveguide structure as shown in fig. 2. The dispersion compensation value of the device at this time is D = t 0 /Δλ＝10ps/nm。
The embodiment shows that the invention utilizes the discrete dispersion compensation device formed by the structure of combining the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component and the compact delay line to divide the signal wave to be compensated into discrete wavelength signals for compensation, and then the discrete wavelength signals are combined into the download waveguide by wavelength division demultiplexing to realize the combination and separation of input and output signals. The discrete compensation mode effectively improves the accuracy of time delay compensation, reduces the influence of time delay fluctuation and has higher practical value in practical application.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A discrete dispersion compensation device based on a multi-channel parallel micro-ring component is characterized in that: the device comprises an uploading waveguide (1), a multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2), a delay line (3) and a downloading waveguide (4); the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component is characterized in that an uploading waveguide (1) and a downloading waveguide (4) are arranged in parallel at intervals, a multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2) is arranged between the uploading waveguide (1) and the downloading waveguide (4), the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2) mainly comprises n micro-rings which are arranged in the direction of the uploading waveguide (1)/the downloading waveguide (4) at intervals and have the same structure but the radius is uniformly increased or reduced, and a delay line (3) is arranged on the uploading waveguide (1) between every two adjacent micro-rings, so that different micro-rings are adaptive to optical signals with different wavelengths; the signal to be subjected to dispersion compensation is input into the uploading waveguide (1), is coupled and transmitted into the downloading waveguide (4) through each micro-ring in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2), so that the signal to be subjected to dispersion compensation is divided into n discrete wavelength signals through n micro-rings in the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2), and the n discrete wavelength signals are output after the downloading waveguide (4) is subjected to wavelength division multiplexing.
2. The discrete dispersion compensation device based on the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the n discrete wavelength signals are lambda 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 ……λ i 、λ i+1 ……λ n And i ∈ [1, n ]]Wherein i represents a channel number, λ i Represents the ith discrete wavelength signal, λ i+1 The i +1 th discrete wavelength signal is represented, the wavelength difference delta lambda of every two adjacent discrete wavelength signals is equal, and the wavelength of the discrete wavelength signal is sequentially increased or decreased in equal difference along with the channel serial number.
3. The discrete dispersion compensation device based on the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the delay lines (3) are used for generating time delay for discrete wavelength signals, and all the delay lines (3) generate the same time delay t 0 Wherein for the first discrete wavelength signal λ 1 Without time delay, each remaining discrete wavelength signal lambda i Generate respective time delay respectively through respective number of time delay lines, i-th discrete wavelength signal lambda i The delay accumulated by i-1 delay lines is t i ＝t 0 * (i-1) and i ∈ [2,n ]]。
4. The discrete dispersion compensation device based on the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the dispersion compensation value of the compensation device is specifically determined by the following formula:
D＝t 0 /Δλ
wherein D represents a dispersion compensation value, t 0 Means that the individual delay lines (3) all produce the same time delayAnd Δ λ represents the wavelength difference of each adjacent two discrete wavelength signals.
5. The discrete dispersion compensation device based on multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly of claim 1, wherein: the compensation device has a total compensation bandwidth of (n-1) × Δ λ.
6. The discrete dispersion compensation device based on the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the delay line (3) adopts a spiral compact waveguide structure.
7. The discrete dispersion compensation device based on the multi-channel parallel micro-ring assembly as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upload waveguide (1), the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2), the delay line (3) and the download waveguide (4) are all made of single-chip integration and arranged on the substrate silicon, and the upload waveguide (1), the multi-channel parallel micro-ring component (2), the delay line (3) and the download waveguide (4) are all made of silicon materials.
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