CN1159407C - 清洗油和气井,管道,套管,地层和设备的组合物及其使用方法 - Google Patents
清洗油和气井,管道,套管,地层和设备的组合物及其使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
将一种高闪点,低蒸汽压的组合物注入到气和油井以及周围的含烃地层和处理设备中,可除去积垢,石蜡,焦油和其它粘性组分,并在上面形成涂层的。经过这样的处理后,可提高气与/或油的流量,并且降低所有油和气开采设备中污物和积垢的粘着力,油和气开采设备包括含烃地层,套管,管道,以及泵送设备。该组合物中含有约40到约99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物和约1到约25%重量的至少一种低级烷基二醇醚。
Description
本发明的领域
本发明涉及一种高闪点,低蒸汽压的组合物的使用,将这种组合物注入到气和油井以及周围的含烃地层和处理设备中,并在上面形成涂层来除去积垢,石蜡,焦油和其它粘性组分。经过这样的处理后,可提高气与/或油的流量,并且降低所有油和气开采设备中污物和积垢的粘着力,油和气开采设备包括含烃地层,套管孔,管道,储罐,以及泵送设备。
本发明的背景
将油和气从井中有效地开采依赖于保持地层,套管孔,管道和泵送设备的清洁。油井存在的问题是石蜡,硫磺,积垢,重油和焦油副产物的积聚。这些残渣污染井和套管孔以及将油或气输送到地面的管道,这些残渣还会弄脏用来从井中开采油或气的泵和金属杆。
以前技术典型的方法包括四类主要产品。第一种方法是使用腐蚀性芳香族与/或脂肪族油烃或卤化烃的混合物。这些产品中可以含有表面活性剂,使这些产品与水混合并在水中乳化来提高清洗效率,也可以不含表面活性剂。水的存在会极大降低这些组合物的清洗效率。纯溶剂混合物与水不混溶,无法渗透过污物。加入乳化剂可使溶剂与水混溶,但是得到的溶剂/乳化剂体系作为清洗剂不如纯溶剂有效率。
第二种方法是用细菌来分解石蜡族或焦油基的污物。该体系非常依赖井的温度,而且对环境因素十分敏感,如油的组成。该过程通常比以溶剂为基础的过程慢。
第三种方法是基于水基碱性,坚固表面的清洗剂。这些清洗剂内通常加入碱性助洗剂,水溶性溶剂,如乙二醇醚,醇和表面活性剂。碱性助洗剂包含氢氧化物,碳酸盐,磷酸盐和硅酸盐。水溶性溶剂典型的是包含乙二醇,二乙二醇,丙二醇和二丙二醇醚。典型的表面活性剂是烷基苯酚的乙氧基化物,直链醇的乙氧基化物,或磺酸烷基酯,两性表面活性剂和链烷醇酰胺的脂肪酸皂类的。这些碱性组合物在石蜡和其它油基污物上的清洗效果通常远远低于溶剂混合物。另外,这些组合物不能有效地清除积垢。
第四种清洗方法涉及到使用注入井中的热油。热的油将石蜡和其它油副产品熔化和溶解,并将其运送至地面。尽管这种方法很有效,但是使用热油会产生危险的情况,会对井有不利的影响。
以前技术典型的组合物是使用芳香族与/或脂肪族油烃或卤化烃溶剂。这些溶剂可释放蒸汽,这些蒸汽通常已知为“VOCs”(挥发性有机化合物),典型的“VOCs”都有毒性。其它清洗组合物需要少量或不需要VOCs,但是却需要含有大量的腐蚀剂与/或磷酸盐,这些物质会引起运输,使用和清理中的问题。
上面提到的方法和溶剂存在很多问题。例如,卤化烃对工人的健康有害而且是破坏臭氧层的化学物质。一些溶剂和方法会对油或气的质量有不良影响。许多使用的非卤化溶剂还是易燃或可燃的,这会增加火灾和爆炸的危险,保险的费用较高。另外,根据政府法令,处理用过的溶剂的费用很昂贵。事实上,大多数卤化溶剂要纳高额的税,而且正在逐步淘汰。除上面提到的问题外,环境保护机构会对VOCs向大气中的排放量进行限制,象“空气清洁法”规定的那样。这些限制取决于原料的进料产品的溶剂含量对废物或最终产品的溶剂含量。
基于细菌的清洗溶液也存在其它缺点。这种处理方法需要关闭油井两个星期,从而形成细菌的菌落。当泵重新开动时,细菌随着油被清除,这样造成菌落很快消耗,需要再处理。
本发明的总结
本发明的一个目的是提供一种清洗气和油的井,设备,油井套管孔,周围地层,泵,以及管线,管道和类似设备的方法,这种方法使用一种有效的清洗组合物,这种组合物不含有害的石油衍生或卤化烃和碱性溶剂,可清除在气-和油-井的清洗操作中的大多数污物和积垢。
另一个目的是使用一种安全而且生物可降解的组合物。
还有一个目的是使用一种能在室温和较高温度下使用的组合物。
还有一个目的是使用一种安全的液体清洗组合物,这种组合物含有脂肪酸甲酯和较低的烷基二醇醚,它能从气-和油-井,套管和设备中有效地清除石蜡,焦油,相关的污物和积垢。
还有一个目的是使用一种低VOC的组合物(<50%),这种组合物对于气-和油-井,套管和设备来说是一种有效的清洗剂。
本发明的另外一个目的是使用一种闪点高于93℃(200°F)的组合物。
另一个目的是使用一种可在油井套管,管线,泵,管道和其它设备上形成涂层的组合物,从而防止石蜡,其它相关污物和积垢在这些部件上粘附和积累,有助于延缓腐蚀,在两次清洗处理之间可进行更有效的操作和持续的生产。
还有一个目的是提供一种具有低蒸发性,分散范围广泛的,对井结构和设备浸润程度不同的组合物。
还有一个目的是提供从井中开采气和油的改进方法。
另一个目的是提供一种从开采的原油中分离过量的水的方法。
本发明提供一种从气或油井,含烃地层,以及开采,泵送,储存,输送设备中清除污物,积垢或者同时清除污物和积垢,并且防止在它们上面形成污垢的方法,该方法是将含约40到约99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物和约1到约25%重量的至少一种低级的烷基二醇醚注入所说的井,地层或设备中。
本发明还提供一种从开采的原油中分离过量的水,淤泥,或者同时分离水和淤泥的方法,该方法包括将含约40到约99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物和约1到约25%重量的至少一种低级的烷基二醇醚的组合物加入到原油中,然后搅拌此混合物。
另外,本发明还提供一种改进的在加压下将沙子与/或另一种颗粒物质压入油或气地层的压裂方法,该改进的方法包括将沙子与含约40到约99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物和约1到约25%重量的至少一种低级的烷基二醇醚混合。
优选的具体实施例的详细描述
脂肪酸烷基酯混合物在工业上最普遍的应用是在皂的生产中作为工业金属操作润滑剂,作为蜡的增塑剂,在工业油品和处理皮革的化合物的制备过程中作为溶剂。这些化合物还用作纺织品润滑剂和泡沫抑制剂,也用于低VOC的墨辊洗涤剂的制备。
研究发现将脂肪酸烷基酯混合物与低级的烷基二醇醚结合使用,可提供具有优良性质的清洁组合物,如高闪点,良好的污物和石蜡渗透性,能很好地防止再被污染和形成积垢。将在本发明的方法中使用的组合物混合可提供低的VOCs(低于50%),而且提供一种闪点高于93℃(200°F)TCC(泰格闭杯)闪点的组合物。该组合物也很安全而且生物可降解。
本发明提供一种方法,这种方法是用于将石蜡,其它相关污物和积垢从气和油井,含烃地层,以及开采,泵送,储存和运输设备中清除,并防止它们的形成,这种方法是将含约40到约99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物;约1到约25%重量的至少一种低级烷基二醇醚,其余的是一些合适的添加剂的清洁组合物注入到这些井和设备中。优选的组合物含有约60到约95%重量,更优选的是含约80到约90%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物,优选的是含约1到约15%重量的低级烷基二醇醚。
有很多类污物在气和油井和处理设备内形成,如石蜡,焦油副产物以及其它粘性污物。另外,在这样的井和设备内积垢的形成也是一个问题。积垢典型的是碳酸钙沉淀物与/或铁氧化物和其它硬的残渣沉淀物的积累,但并不仅限于此。本发明的组合物可有效清除很多类与气和油开采和处理有关的污物和积垢,因此改善了油开采过程。
气和油处理设备包括所有类型和种类的与气和油开采处理有关的设备,例如,气和油井套管,泵,管道,管线,储罐以及类似设备。预计该组合物可用于所有这类设备。
使用本发明的组合物清除气和油井和设备中的污物与/或积垢,或防止它们的形成的方法有几种。
除了清洗井和相关设备,通常将该组合物通过套管内的孔注入周围地层是合适的。使用压力将该组合物压入周围地层,或者如果容许将该组合物置于套管底部,也可不用另加压力将该组合物渗入地层。该组合物渗入地层,溶解地层内的阻塞物,从而更有效地开采油和气。
清洗和维护运转的井,包括周围地层的一种方法包括以下几个步骤,将该组合物倒如或注入井的套管一侧(返回管线(back line)),使其与已经在井中的流体混合。当有了足够的流体后,用泵将该组合物循环24-72小时,优选的是48-72小时。在循环之前,应将该组合物放置例如8到24小时。放置时间,循环时间和用量与预期的污物与/或积垢的量和井的深度有关。一个基本的初始用量可以为但不限于75.7升(20加仑)组合物,而为保持结构清洁,一个循环周期内每个井至少用约18.9升(5加仑)组合物,一个循环周期可以是如两周,一个月,两个月。
如果在井或相关设备内有大量的污物与/或积垢,如果泵或连杆被冻结,或者如果周围地层被阻塞,必须用替代的方法。因此另一种清洗和维护运转的井,包括周围地层的方法是,先将油和该组合物在室温下混合,然后将该混合物注入套管。油和组合物的比例以及注入的混合物用量与井和相关设备内污物和积垢的量和种类有关。每开采6359.5升(40桶)油所用的混合物内可含有约37.9-757.1升(10-200加仑)组合物。优选的是,每开采6359.5升(40桶)油所用的混合物内可含有约75.7升(20加仑)组合物。将该混合物用泵送至井的背侧或套管一侧。通常该混合物在循环前要放置一段时间。该混合物可在室温下使用或在注入井前加热到65.6-71.1℃(150-160°F)。
另一个具体的实施例中,可将组合物和油在室温或更高温度下分别注入井内,优选的是先将组合物注入,再通过油的重量将组合物压入地层。然后此混合物可放置,循环,或二者皆可。
另一个具体的实施例中,用水代替油。同油一样,在注入井之前将水和组合物混合,或分别注入。水温可为室温或约65.6-71.1℃(150-160°F)。同样,此混合物可放置,循环,或二者皆可。
在将本发明的组合物注入井之后,组合物在井,地层和相关设备的表面形成涂层,从而清洗并防止以后会有石蜡,其它污物和积垢粘附和积累。也可把该组合物直接用于设备上。例如,在将连杆和套管放入气与/或油井之前,可在这些部件上喷洒该组合物,或把这些部件浸入装满该组合物的罐中,从而防止腐蚀和积垢与污物的形成。
可使用注射泵将组合物注入到海上气或油井中,从而降低井套管和输送管线上粘附的污物,特别是石蜡或积垢。除与陆地油井相关的问题外,海上的井还有一个问题就是在海底和平台之间,海水成了管道和其内容物的冷却剂。所以海上井有石蜡形成是一个特别的问题。为处理管线,例如可向管线内滴入151.4-189.3升(40-50加仑)的组合物。优选的是,组合物在注入管线前先加热。
本发明公开的方法中使用的组合物含有有效量的成分,从而清洗井,地层以及设备,与/或在井,地层和设备的表面上形成一个有效的涂层,防止污物和积垢的形成和腐蚀的发生。该组合物是低蒸发性的,对表面的浸润程度不同;所以该组合物不会蒸发到大的范围内,在使用周期内会在表面上保持有一个涂层。
在本发明的组合物中使用的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物优选的是含C4到C22脂肪酸的C2到C8酯,结构式为:
式中R1是C4到C22烷基,R2是C1到C8烷基。脂肪酸酯是从天然产品中制得,所以含有一种以上的酯;因此是混合物。典型地,脂肪酸酯由脂肪酸的酯化作用或动物脂肪或植物油的酯基转移作用制得。
更优选的是脂肪酸烷基酯混合物含有C4到C22脂肪酸的甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基,或正丁基酯。最优选的是,脂肪酸烷基酯混合物含甲基酯。脂肪酸甲酯混合物优选的是混合物的浊点为4.5℃(40°F),且不饱和度高,这样可提高溶解力。更优选的是,脂肪酸甲酯混合物从大豆,低芥酸菜籽,和其它植物油中制得,其浊点为-7-0℃(20-32°F),碘值为90-130。
可加入1到25%重量的低级烷二醇醚作为渗透剂以降低混合物的粘度,作为耦合试剂,与/或提高在亲水污物上的效力。在本发明中使用的低级烷基二醇醚的实施例包括二乙二醇一丁基醚、二丙二醇一甲基醚,三丙二醇一甲基醚,乙二醇醚和二乙二醇醚,甲基,乙基,丙基和丁基醚,如乙二醇一丁基醚,以及它们的混合物。
该组合物中聚氧亚烷基二醇醚的含量约1到约40%重量,优选的是约3到约25%重量,最优选的是约3到约10%重量。实际的用量与设备中待清洗的污物的种类和待清洗的井或设备内水的含量有关。优选的是使用聚乙二醇醚和聚丙二醇醚,结构式为:
R-O-(C2H4O)xH和R-O-(C3H6O)xH每个结构式中,R为C1到C8烷基,x大于4。R优选的是甲基,乙基,丙基或丁基。更优选的是聚氧亚烷基二醇醚是正丁氧基聚亚烷基二醇醚。市售的聚氧亚烷基二醇醚配方包括PPG Mazer,Gurnee,Illinois出品的Macol 300,Macol 660,WSL-2000,WSL-3520,和WSL-5100。聚氧亚烷基二醇醚优选的是其分子量在约200到约600之间,粘度在约15到约150厘泊之间,粘度是在25℃用Brookfield LVT粘度计用第2号轴在60转/分钟条件下测得。
优选的是,该组合物中至少含1%重量,更优选的是含1.5到3%重量的抗氧化剂。适用于本发明的抗氧化剂包括(BHT)2,6-二-叔丁基-对-甲酚,(BHA)2,6-二-叔丁基-对-苯甲醚,Eastman抑制剂OABM-乙二酰双(苯亚甲基酰肼),和Eastman DTBMA 2,5-二-叔丁基对苯二酚,但并不仅限于此。也可向组合物中加入表面活性剂。任何用于清洗油性污物的表面活性剂均适用,如乙氧基化的壬酚,直链醇的乙氧基化物,十二烷基苯磺酸的链烷醇胺盐,磺基琥珀酸盐,磷酸酯,硫酸的醇酯,季铵盐化合物,两性表面活性剂,α-烯烃磺酸酯,山梨糖醇酐,以及脂肪酸衍生物。表面活性剂的有效用量可使其作为浸润剂和乳化剂,通常不高于组合物重量的10%,优选的是1-3%。
商品化的表面活性剂包括EXXON出品的EXXATE系列。EXXATE 1000是一种C9-C11支化羰基合成醇的乙酸酯。DBE(DuPont)是一种含45-75%重量的戊二酸二甲酯,10-25%重量的己二酸二甲酯,和15-30%重量的琥珀酸二甲酯的混合物。
对特殊的用途,按需要,可加入不超过50%重量的其它添加剂,如改变VOC的水平,增加混合物的渗透力,降低混合物的粘度,作为混合物中不溶性溶剂的耦合剂,为亲油和亲水污物提供溶剂。对某一特殊用途需要的添加剂的用量和种类是本技术领域内的技术人员能够确定的。
合适的添加剂包括萜,萜醇,C8-C14醇酯混合物,二醇,酸性酯,二酸酯,石油烃,氨基酸,链烷醇胺和胺。萜的实施例包括d-苎烯和α和β蒎烯和萜醇,包括a-萜品醇。C8-C14醇酯混合物包括ExxonChemical出品的EXXATE 900,1000,和1300;二醇包括丙二醇,二丙二醇,和三丙二醇。酸性酯包括油酸甲酯和亚油酸甲酯,二酸酯包括戊二酸,己二酸,琥珀酸的甲二酯或丁二酯。石油烃包括AROMATIC 100,AROMATIC 150,ISOPARM,和ISOPARK。
胺如吗啉,1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑烷酮,1,3-丙二酰胺,2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇和3-氨基丙醇,链烷醇胺如三乙醇胺,二乙醇,2-氨基甲基丙醇和单乙醇胺,它们可作为污物和可溶脂肪酸和油的分散剂。氨基酸,如胆碱和胆碱的氢氧化物,是单乙醇胺的无毒替代物,用作金属螯合剂,优选的是C4-C6脂族二酯的甲酯或异丁酯和n-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。优选的是含有至多5%重量的n-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮。
其它的典型地用于清洗组合物的添加剂也可使用,包括水软化剂,多价螯合剂,抗腐蚀剂,它们的用量要足够使其达到预期的作用。本技术领域内的技术人员十分熟悉这些添加剂的用量。合适的水软化剂包括直链磷酸盐(酯),苯乙烯-马来酸共聚物,和聚丙烯酸酯(盐)。合适的多价螯合剂包括1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑烷酮,1-苯基-3-异庚基-1,3-丙烷二酮,和2-羟基-5-壬基苯乙酮肟。腐蚀抑制剂的实施例包括2-氨基甲基丙醇,二乙基乙醇胺苯并三唑,和甲基苯并三唑。
所有添加剂优选的是闪点高于88℃(190°F)TCC,以使最终的组合物闪点高于93℃(200°F)。
典型的井处理过程需要用泵将清洗溶液送入井套管内,并将溶液循环24到72小时。典型的井有一个102至13毫米(4-1/2”)套管,套管延伸至井深处。这个102至13毫米(4-1/2”)套管在表层用套管头覆盖。套管头顶部有一个使51至10毫米(2-3/8”)管子插入的零件。这个管子可延伸至井底部,并且为了清洗和维护,管子可分段拆除。在套管头侧面有两个51毫米(2英寸)的口用来支撑返回管线。正常的程序包括向井的套管-侧(返回管线)内注入18.9至75.7升(5到20加仑)清洗溶液,向上至中心的51至10毫米(2-3/8”)管子循环该溶液。需要的溶液的准确用量取决于井的深度,套管直径,污物的预计量和性质。保持清洗溶液流动24到72小时以除去所有污物。根据污物的积聚情况,每2到3个星期重复几次处理过程。
本发明另一个具体的实施例是从开采的原油中分离过量的水和淤泥。被淤泥与/或水污染的原油由于不够纯净不能转售。通常是通过“滚动”罐来清除水或淤泥,加压或加入干冰把天然气注入使液体搅动,这样就使罐“滚动”。如果不加入促进剂,油/水或油/淤泥的分离过程会很慢。因此,本发明的另一个具体实施例是向原油中加入一定量的一种组合物,然后搅拌混合,从而促进油/水或油/淤泥的分离过程,这种组合物含约40到约99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物和约1到约25%重量的至少一种低级的烷基二醇醚。
典型的是用3.8至378.5升(1-100加仑)的组合物从15899至63596升(100-400桶)油中分离水和淤泥。将该组合物加入储罐内,然后向储罐内注入天然气或二氧化碳使储罐“滚动”24小时。在储罐内使用该组合物使水完全分离,水从满载的储罐底部除去。测量油中水含量的标准指示器的试验片条或指示试剂结果表明,水的含量未达到可测到的程度。
另外,应将该组合物加入原油中,用量为0.001到0.01%重量,从而降低淤泥和石蜡在油输送过程中的形成,油的输送是通过输送管道,包括海上管道。
本发明的组合物的其它用途包括在压裂过程中将该组合物加入,压裂过程是用压力将沙子或其它物质压入含烃地层的过程。根据本发明,该组合物与沙子或其它物质以一定比例混合,例如,每立方米3.93至19.65升(每立方码1-5加仑)。可用任何方法将沙子/组合物的混合物压入含烃地层。这类方法包括注入二氧化碳,注入油,注入凝胶和注入沙子/泥浆,但并不仅限于此。
实施例
在以下的实施例中,通过测定实际组合物在清洗应用中的性能,来测定配方的相对效能。
实施例1
下面的组合物(重量)的配方:
脂肪酸甲酯 | 60% |
正丁氧基聚亚烷基二醇醚 | 20% |
二丙二醇一甲基醚 | 5% |
丁基卡必醇 | 4% |
Exxate 1000(Exxon) | 3% |
DBE(DuPont) | 3% |
三丙二醇一甲基醚 | 3% |
d-苎烯 | 1% |
壬酚9.5 Mole E.O. | 1% |
还加入至少1%重量的抗氧化剂,抗氧化剂选自BHT,BHA和Eastman抑制剂OABM中的一种或更多种。
用该组合物处理过一个213.5米(700英尺)深的井,这是一个有石蜡和淤泥形成的问题。用两种方法中的一种将该组合物注入井中。第一种方法中,将18.9升(5加仑)的混合物向下倒入51毫米(2”)返回管线并向上进入51至10毫米(2-3/8”)中心管。第二种方法是用化学喷射泵从一个小存储槽或一个化学品罐中注入。将该组合物循环48小时。在循环结束后,井的操作即可重新开始。在清洗前的油日产量为39.7升(1/4桶)。经处理后,日产量增加到318.0升(2桶)。经过60天的操作后,将管子从井中拉出并进行检查。检查发现管子上有一层清洗组合物的涂层,有很少量的石蜡和焦油粘附在管子上。油的日产量仍旧接近318.0升(2桶)。
实施例2
下面的组合物(重量)的配方:
脂肪酸甲酯 | 67.5% |
正丁氧基聚亚烷基二醇醚 | 20.0% |
乙二醇一甲基醚 | 4.5% |
二乙二醇一甲基醚 | 1.0% |
二丙二醇一甲基醚 | 1.0% |
三丙二醇一甲基醚 | 1.0% |
Exxate 900(Exxon) | 1.0% |
Exxate 1000(Exxon) | 1.0% |
1-甲基2-吡咯烷酮 | 1.0% |
二酯 | 1.0% |
还加入至少1%重量的抗氧化剂,抗氧化剂选自BHT,BHA和Eastman抑制剂OABM中的一种或更多种。
用该组合物处理过一个1525米(5,000英尺)深的井,这口井每天可间断地抽出的油少于159升(1桶),日产气约566升(20mcf)-首行,将大约75.7升(20加仑)的组合物向下倒入井的套管一侧。随后是在室温下将6359.5升(40桶)矿产原油进入井内。可将该混合物放置48小时,然后再循环24小时。然后,抽油操作即可重新开始。在抽油的第一个36小时内,采得6359.5升(40桶)矿产原油加上另外7472.3升(47桶)油。在此期间,气产量从日产566升(20mcf)增至日产大约4247升(150mcf)。经过30天后,油产量稳定在日产大约1907.8至2066.8升(12-13桶),气产量稳定在日产大约2832升(100mcf)。
实施例3
下面的组合物(重量)的配方:
脂肪酸甲酯 | 86.0% |
壬酚(9.5摩尔环氧乙烷) | 1.5% |
壬酚(6.0摩尔环氧乙烷) | 1.5% |
乙二醇一丁基醚 | 1.0% |
二乙二醇一甲基醚 | 1.0% |
二丙二醇一甲基醚 | 1.0% |
三丙二醇一甲基醚 | 1.0% |
Exxate 900(Exxon) | 1.0% |
Exxate 1000(Exxon) | 1.0% |
Exxate 3000(Exxon) | 1.0% |
1-甲基2-吡咯烷酮 | 1.0% |
二酯 | 1.0% |
还加入至少1%重量的抗氧化剂,抗氧化剂选自BHT,BHA和Eastman止氧剂OABM中的一种或更多种。
用该组合物处理一个1525米(5,000英尺)深的井。这口井不产油,日产气仅约141升(5mcf)。由于该井被石蜡和其它固体污物填塞,所以将组合物与6359.5升(40桶)被加热至65.6-71.7℃(150-160°F)的矿产原油混合。(在这之前,用热油对该井处理没有效果)。将加热的混合物倒入井的套管一侧,并放置48小时。然后,将混合物沿整个井再循环24小时。然后即可恢复抽油。将6359.5升(40桶)矿产原油回收后,井日产油954.0-1112.9升(6-7桶),日产气2265升(80mcf)。30天后,油日产量稳定在477.0-636.0升(3-4桶),气日产量稳定在1416升(50mcf)。
实施例4
将实施例3中描述的那种组合物注入一个915米(3,000英尺)深的露明梯井内,该井有一个套管,但是在一个被认为是“抽汲”的过程中没有泵,连杆或管子。在这种情况下,由于石蜡和其它烃堵塞,井被完全关闭。先将18.9升(5加仑)组合物随后是795.0升(5桶)水在室温下倒入井。该混合物放置48小时。这之后,井内流体压力有很大提高,油的日产量从0升(0桶)增至1271.9升(8桶)。
在不背离本发明的主旨或范围的条件下,可以对本发明的组合物和方法进行不同的改进或变化,这对本技术领域内的技术人员来说是显而易见的。因此,本发明包含那些对本发明的改进和变化,这些改进和变化在附加的权利要求及其等价物的范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种从开采的原油中分离过量的水,淤泥,或它们二者的方法,这种方法包括向原油内加入一种组合物,然后再搅拌该混合物,这种组合物含有40到99%重量的脂肪酸烷基酯混合物和1到25%重量的至少一种低级烷基二醇醚。
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中37.9至757.1升的所述组合物加入到6359.5升原油中。
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- 1996-10-03 US US09/051,167 patent/US6173776B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-03 WO PCT/US1996/015840 patent/WO1997012947A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-10-03 BR BR9610808-8A patent/BR9610808A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 AU AU73868/96A patent/AU717908B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-10-03 CN CNB02107965XA patent/CN1244664C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-03 CN CNB021079668A patent/CN1159407C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-03 AR ARP960104585A patent/AR003779A1/es unknown
- 1996-10-03 RU RU98108398/03A patent/RU2169752C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-10-03 CN CNB961985771A patent/CN1145684C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-10-03 EP EP96936147A patent/EP0853651B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-10-03 CA CA002233710A patent/CA2233710C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-04-03 OA OA9800037A patent/OA10760A/en unknown
- 1998-04-03 NO NO981527A patent/NO981527L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-04-03 MX MX9802674A patent/MX9802674A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-09-30 SA SA98190610A patent/SA98190610B1/ar unknown
-
2000
- 2000-09-28 US US09/671,701 patent/US6630428B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-28 US US09/670,834 patent/US6260621B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-09-28 US US09/670,833 patent/US6260620B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-05-16 HK HK03103459A patent/HK1051216A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-07-09 HK HK03104940.0A patent/HK1052720B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AR003779A1 (es) | 1998-09-09 |
RU2169752C2 (ru) | 2001-06-27 |
DK0853651T3 (da) | 2003-11-17 |
MY117988A (en) | 2004-08-30 |
CA2233710C (en) | 2005-08-23 |
HK1052720B (zh) | 2004-12-31 |
CN1405264A (zh) | 2003-03-26 |
AU717908B2 (en) | 2000-04-06 |
AU7386896A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
EP0853651B1 (en) | 2003-08-20 |
OA10760A (en) | 2002-12-13 |
CN1244664C (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
US6260620B1 (en) | 2001-07-17 |
US6260621B1 (en) | 2001-07-17 |
NO981527L (no) | 1998-06-02 |
SA98190610B1 (ar) | 2006-10-11 |
NO981527D0 (no) | 1998-04-03 |
US6630428B1 (en) | 2003-10-07 |
BR9610808A (pt) | 1999-12-21 |
CN1392220A (zh) | 2003-01-22 |
CO4560488A1 (es) | 1998-02-10 |
US6173776B1 (en) | 2001-01-16 |
HK1052720A1 (en) | 2003-09-26 |
CA2233710A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
WO1997012947A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
EP0853651A4 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
CN1202922A (zh) | 1998-12-23 |
EP0853651A1 (en) | 1998-07-22 |
MX9802674A (es) | 1998-11-30 |
CN1145684C (zh) | 2004-04-14 |
HK1051216A1 (en) | 2003-07-25 |
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