CN115939454B - Hydrogen utilization optimization system and hydrogen utilization optimization method for fuel cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen utilization optimization system and hydrogen utilization optimization method for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115939454B CN115939454B CN202211716412.6A CN202211716412A CN115939454B CN 115939454 B CN115939454 B CN 115939454B CN 202211716412 A CN202211716412 A CN 202211716412A CN 115939454 B CN115939454 B CN 115939454B
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 309
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 309
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 289
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system and a hydrogen utilization optimizing method, wherein the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen cavity and a cavity, the hydrogen cavity is communicated with a hydrogen supply device through a first gas pipeline, the cavity is communicated with an air supply device through a second gas pipeline, a gas pressure stabilizer is arranged on the first gas pipeline, an air branch is arranged on the second gas pipeline, the air branch is connected to an air inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer, and a control valve is arranged on the air branch. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system provided by the invention can optimize the hydrogen cavity purging logic in a low-temperature state, and during low-temperature purging, air supplied by the air supply device enters the first gas pipeline through the air branch and finally passes through the hydrogen cavity, so that hydrogen used in the low-temperature purging process is replaced, the loss of the hydrogen is reduced, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the cruising mileage of a fuel cell automobile is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, relates to a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system, and particularly relates to a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system and a hydrogen utilization optimizing method.
Background
In the actual operation process of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen utilization rate is strictly controlled in the main research and discussion direction, in the mature fuel cell system, the main method for managing the hydrogen path is to effectively control the hydrogen inlet volume of the fuel cell through a hydrogen pressure stabilizing valve or a hydrogen injector, secondary utilization is carried out on residual hydrogen discharged by the fuel cell through a hydrogen circulating pump, the hydrogen consumption is controlled on the premise of not influencing the performance of the fuel cell by controlling the pulse opening and closing time of a hydrogen tail discharge electromagnetic valve and a water discharge electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved as much as possible by controlling the hydrogen purging time in the switching stage, but in the northern area with proper temperature, the methods can effectively control the hydrogen consumption in most of the time in northern areas with severe cold weather, because the hydrogen cavity and cavity of the fuel cell are purged for as long as possible when the system is closed, water generated by the fuel cell is discharged in the operation process as much as possible, the internal residual water is prevented from being discharged after the system is stopped, the proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell is seriously damaged, the whole hydrogen is completely discharged in the fuel cell system, the whole hydrogen consumption is greatly reduced in the fuel cell purging process, and the fuel cell life is greatly reduced, and the fuel consumption is greatly reduced.
CN114583216a discloses a fuel cell fast shutdown purge method, system and storage medium, wherein the method comprises: after receiving the shutdown instruction, controlling one of the hydrogen system and the air system to stop supplying air to the fuel cell; controlling to conduct the electronic load and the fuel cell, and adjusting the current of the electronic load according to the residual electric quantity of the fuel cell; wherein the residual capacity is positively correlated with the load current; judging whether the residual electric quantity of the fuel cell meets a preset shutdown electric quantity range or not; if yes, controlling to disconnect the electronic load and the fuel cell; and controlling the hydrogen system and the air system to stop supplying air to the fuel cell, and controlling the inert gas purging system to purge inert gas to the anode end and the cathode end of the fuel cell at the same time so as to perform drying treatment. However, the method for quickly shutting down and purging the fuel cell requires additional inert gas, and has complex process and used equipment structure and high practical application cost.
CN114447375a discloses a fuel cell system shutdown purge method. The technical scheme of the patent is as follows: a fuel cell system shutdown purge method comprising the steps of: first stage purge: setting a first-stage preset temperature to maintain the temperature of the cooling medium at the inlet or outlet of the fuel cell to be more than or equal to the first-stage preset temperature; loading current, and purging the fuel cell until the monitored voltage is smaller than a preset voltage value; and (3) purging in the second stage: cooling the galvanic pile in a forced way, and introducing gas into the galvanic pile for purging; and setting a second-stage preset temperature, and stopping cooling and purging when the temperature of the fluid medium at the inlet or the outlet of the fuel cell is lower than the second-stage preset temperature, or the set purging time is reached, or the set voltage average value or the minimum value is reached. However, this fuel cell system shutdown purge method still uses hydrogen gas at shutdown purge, which is directly discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in great waste of energy.
The prior art disclosed at present has certain defects, and has the problems that the utilization rate of hydrogen is low, and the endurance mileage of a fuel cell automobile is shortened because hydrogen is directly discharged into the atmosphere in the low-temperature purging process of a hydrogen cavity. Therefore, it is important to develop and design a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system and a hydrogen utilization optimizing method.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system and a hydrogen utilization optimizing method, wherein the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system can optimize the hydrogen cavity purging logic in a low-temperature state, and during low-temperature purging, air supplied by an air supply device enters a first gas pipeline through an air branch and finally passes through a hydrogen cavity, so that hydrogen used in the low-temperature purging process is replaced, the loss of the hydrogen is reduced, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the endurance mileage of a fuel cell automobile is improved.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system, the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system includes a fuel cell, the fuel cell includes a hydrogen cavity and a cavity, the hydrogen cavity is communicated with a hydrogen supply device through a first gas pipeline, the cavity is communicated with an air supply device through a second gas pipeline, a gas pressure stabilizer is arranged on the first gas pipeline, an air branch is arranged on the second gas pipeline, the air branch is connected to an air inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer, and a control valve is arranged on the air branch.
The hydrogen inlet and the air inlet are respectively arranged on the gas pressure stabilizer, the hydrogen supply device is communicated to the hydrogen inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer through the first gas pipeline, the air branch is communicated to the air inlet, the gas pressure stabilizer is provided with the gas outlet, and the gas outlet is communicated to the hydrogen cavity through the first gas pipeline.
The control valve of the present invention includes a bypass valve.
The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system provided by the invention also has the function of detecting the atmospheric temperature, and when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control valve is opened to enable the air supplied by the air supply device to enter the first gas pipeline from the air branch; when the atmospheric temperature is higher than the set temperature, the control valve is closed so that the air supplied by the air supply device cannot enter the first air pipeline from the air branch.
The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system provided by the invention can optimize the hydrogen cavity purging logic in a low-temperature state, and during low-temperature purging, air supplied by the air supply device enters the first gas pipeline through the air branch and finally passes through the hydrogen cavity, so that hydrogen used in the low-temperature purging process is replaced, the loss of the hydrogen is reduced, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the cruising mileage of a fuel cell automobile is improved.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the second gas pipeline is provided with an intercooler, the intercooler is provided with a branch outlet, and the branch outlet is communicated with the air branch.
The intercooler is provided with a gas inlet, the air supply device is communicated to the hydrogen inlet of the intercooler through a second gas pipeline, the intercooler is respectively provided with an air outlet and a branch outlet, the air outlet is communicated to the cavity through the second gas pipeline, and the branch outlet is communicated to the air branch.
The intercooler is used for cooling air supplied by the air supply device and realizing the diversion of the cooled air.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a check valve is arranged on an air branch between the control valve and the intercooler.
The one-way valve is used for controlling the one-way flow of the gas and preventing the gas in the first gas pipeline from reversely flowing to the second gas pipeline.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the caliber of the air branch is not smaller than the caliber of the first gas pipeline.
Preferably, the aperture of the air branch is equal to the aperture of the first gas line.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the maximum pressure value of the control valve is not less than twice the pressure value of the hydrogen chamber under the rated operation of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the maximum pressure value of the control valve is twice the maximum pressure value of the hydrogen chamber under the rated operating condition of the fuel cell.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the maximum pressure value of the check valve is not less than three times the pressure value of the first gas line under the rated operating condition of the fuel cell.
Preferably, the maximum pressure value of the check valve is equal to three times the pressure value of the first gas line under the rated operating condition of the fuel cell.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen supply device includes a hydrogen reservoir.
Preferably, the air supply comprises an air compressor.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen utilization optimizing method employing the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system of the first aspect, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method comprising:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to block the supply of hydrogen, the control valve is opened, the air supplied by the air supply device is divided into two paths in the second gas pipeline, and one path of air sequentially flows through the air branch, the control valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity so as to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity; the other path is directly led into the cavity through a second gas pipeline so as to discharge water in the cavity.
According to the hydrogen utilization optimization method provided by the invention, when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the supply of hydrogen is blocked, the air supplied by the air supply device is used for discharging water in the cavity, and meanwhile, the air supplied by the air supply device is used for replacing the hydrogen used in the purging process to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, so that the hydrogen consumption in the low-temperature purging process is reduced, and the hydrogen utilization rate is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method includes:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing the control valve, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen cavity by the hydrogen supplier through the first gas pipeline to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, introducing air into the cavity by the air supplier through the second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of hydrogen until the stack voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the set voltage, opening the control valve, dividing the air supplied by the air supplier into two paths in the second gas pipeline, and sequentially flowing through the air branch, the control valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline in one path to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity; the other path is directly led into the cavity through a second gas pipeline so as to discharge water in the cavity.
The collection of the stack voltage of the fuel cell is the function of the conventional fuel cell; when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, if the gas pressure stabilizer is directly adjusted to block the supply of hydrogen and the control valve is opened, the hydrogen cavity still has hydrogen with certain concentration, and the air supplied by the air supply device enters the hydrogen cavity, the rest hydrogen can be directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that the loss of the hydrogen is caused; when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the hydrogen in the hydrogen cavity is fully utilized first, after the stack voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the set voltage, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen cavity is lower, and then the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to block the supply of the hydrogen and open the control valve, so that the air supplied by the air supply device enters the hydrogen cavity to discharge the water in the hydrogen cavity.
Preferably, the set temperature is-5 to 5 ℃, for example, -5 ℃, -4 ℃, -3 ℃, -2 ℃, -1 ℃, 0 ℃,1 ℃, 2 ℃, 3 ℃, 4 ℃ or 5 ℃, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable, preferably 0 ℃.
The set voltage is preferably 0.1 to 0.3V, and may be, for example, 0.1V, 0.12V, 0.14V, 0.16V, 0.18V, 0.2V, 0.22V, 0.24V, 0.26V, 0.28V or 0.3V, but is not limited to the recited values, and other non-recited values within the range of values are equally applicable, and preferably 0.2V.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method includes:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than-5 ℃, adjusting a gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing a control valve, stabilizing the pressure of the hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen storage through the gas pressure stabilizer, then introducing the hydrogen into a hydrogen cavity to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, cooling the air supplied by an air compressor through an intercooler, then introducing the air into the cavity to discharge water in the cavity, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of the hydrogen until the stack voltage of a fuel cell is lower than 0.1-0.3V, opening the control valve, cooling the air supplied by the air compressor in the intercooler arranged on a second gas pipeline, and dividing the air into two paths, wherein one path sequentially flows through an air branch, a one-way valve, the control valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and a first gas pipeline and then introducing the hydrogen cavity to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity; the other path is directly led into the cavity through a second gas pipeline so as to discharge water in the cavity;
if the atmospheric temperature is not lower than-5 ℃, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the control valve is closed, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen storage device is stabilized by the gas pressure stabilizer and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, and the air supplied by the air compressor is cooled by the intercooler and then is introduced into the cavity to discharge water in the cavity.
The system of the invention refers to an equipment system, a device system or a production device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system provided by the invention can optimize the hydrogen cavity purging logic in a low-temperature state, and during low-temperature purging, air supplied by the air supply device enters the first gas pipeline through the air branch and finally passes through the hydrogen cavity, so that hydrogen used in the low-temperature purging process is replaced, the loss of the hydrogen is reduced, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the cruising mileage of a fuel cell automobile is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-hydrogen chamber; 2-cavity; 3-a hydrogen supply; 4-an air supply; 5-an air branch; 6-a control valve; 7-an intercooler; 8-one-way valve.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the present invention necessarily includes the necessary piping, conventional valves and general pumping equipment for achieving process integrity, but the foregoing is not a major innovation of the present invention, and that the present invention is not particularly limited thereto as the layout may be added by themselves based on the process flow and the equipment configuration options.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the examples are merely to aid in understanding the invention and are not to be construed as a specific limitation thereof.
In one specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system, which comprises a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen cavity 1 and a cavity 2, the hydrogen cavity 1 is communicated with a hydrogen supply device 3 through a first gas pipeline, the cavity 2 is communicated with an air supply device 4 through a second gas pipeline, a gas pressure stabilizer is arranged on the first gas pipeline, an air branch 5 is arranged on the second gas pipeline, the air branch 5 is connected to an air inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer, and a control valve 6 is arranged on the air branch 5.
The hydrogen pressure stabilizer is respectively provided with a hydrogen inlet and an air inlet, the hydrogen supply device 3 is communicated with the hydrogen inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer through a first gas pipeline, the air branch 5 is communicated with the air inlet, the gas pressure stabilizer is provided with a gas outlet, and the gas outlet is communicated with the hydrogen cavity 1 through the first gas pipeline.
The control valve 6 according to the invention comprises a bypass valve.
The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system provided by the invention also has the function of detecting the atmospheric temperature, and when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control valve 6 is opened to enable the air supplied by the air supply device 4 to enter the first gas pipeline from the air branch 5; when the atmospheric temperature is higher than the set temperature, the control valve 6 is closed so that the air supplied from the air supply 4 cannot enter the first gas line from the air branch 5.
The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system provided by the invention can optimize the purging logic of the hydrogen cavity 1 in a low-temperature state, and during low-temperature purging, air supplied by the air supply device 4 enters the first gas pipeline through the air branch 5 and finally passes through the hydrogen cavity 1, so that hydrogen used in the low-temperature purging process is replaced, the loss of the hydrogen is reduced, the hydrogen utilization rate is improved, and the endurance mileage of a fuel cell automobile is improved.
Further, an intercooler 7 is disposed on the second gas pipeline, and a branch outlet is disposed on the intercooler 7 and is communicated to the air branch 5.
According to the invention, a gas inlet is formed in the intercooler 7, the air supply device 4 is communicated to a hydrogen inlet of the intercooler 7 through a second gas pipeline, an air outlet and a branch outlet are respectively formed in the intercooler 7, the air outlet is communicated to the cavity 2 through the second gas pipeline, and the branch outlet is communicated to the air branch 5.
The intercooler 7 is used for cooling the air supplied by the air supply device 4 and realizing the diversion of the cooled air.
Further, a check valve 8 is provided on the air branch 5 between the control valve 6 and the intercooler 7.
The one-way valve 8 is used for controlling the one-way flow of the gas and preventing the gas in the first gas pipeline from reversely flowing to the second gas pipeline.
Further, the caliber of the air branch 5 is not smaller than the caliber of the first gas pipeline.
Further, the caliber of the air branch 5 is equal to the caliber of the first gas pipeline.
Further, the maximum pressure value of the control valve 6 is not less than twice the pressure value of the hydrogen chamber 1 under the rated operation of the fuel cell.
Further, the maximum pressure value of the control valve 6 is twice the maximum pressure value of the hydrogen chamber 1 under the rated operation of the fuel cell.
Further, the maximum pressure value of the check valve 8 is not less than three times the pressure value of the first gas line under the rated operating condition of the fuel cell.
Further, the maximum pressure value of the check valve 8 is equal to three times the pressure value of the first gas line under the rated operation of the fuel cell.
Further, the hydrogen supply 3 includes a hydrogen reservoir.
Further, the air supply 4 comprises an air compressor.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen utilization optimizing method employing the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system of the first aspect, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method comprising:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to block the supply of hydrogen, the control valve 6 is opened, the air supplied by the air supply device 4 is divided into two paths in the second gas pipeline, and one path sequentially flows through the air branch 5, the control valve 6, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1; the other path is directly led into the cavity 2 through a second gas pipeline to drain the water in the cavity 2.
According to the hydrogen utilization optimization method provided by the invention, when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the supply of hydrogen is blocked, the air supplied by the air supply device 4 is used for discharging water in the cavity 2, and meanwhile, the air supplied by the air supply device 4 is used for replacing hydrogen used in the purging process to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, so that the hydrogen consumption in the low-temperature purging process is reduced, and the hydrogen utilization rate is improved.
Further, the hydrogen utilization optimization method includes:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the control valve 6 is closed, the hydrogen supplier 3 introduces hydrogen into the hydrogen cavity 1 through the first gas pipeline to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, the air supplier 4 introduces air into the cavity 2 through the second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity 2, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to block the supply of hydrogen after the stack voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the set voltage, the control valve 6 is opened, the air supplied by the air supplier 4 is divided into two paths in the second gas pipeline, and one path sequentially flows through the air branch 5, the control valve 6, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1; the other path is directly led into the cavity 2 through a second gas pipeline to drain the water in the cavity 2.
The collection of the stack voltage of the fuel cell is the function of the conventional fuel cell; when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, if the gas pressure stabilizer is directly adjusted to block the supply of hydrogen and the control valve 6 is opened, the hydrogen cavity 1 still has a certain concentration of hydrogen, and the air supplied by the air supply device 4 enters the hydrogen cavity 1, the rest hydrogen can be directly discharged into the atmosphere, so that the loss of the hydrogen is caused; therefore, when the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, the hydrogen in the hydrogen chamber 1 is fully utilized first, after the stack voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the set voltage, the hydrogen concentration in the hydrogen chamber 1 is lower, and then the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to block the supply of the hydrogen and open the control valve 6, so that the air supplied by the air supply device 4 enters the hydrogen chamber 1 to discharge the water in the hydrogen chamber 1.
Further, the set temperature is-5 to 5 ℃, and is exemplified by 0 ℃.
Further, the set voltage is 0.1 to 0.3V, and is exemplified by 0.2V.
Further, the hydrogen utilization optimization method includes:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than-5 ℃, adjusting a gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing a control valve 6, stabilizing the pressure of the hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen storage through the gas pressure stabilizer, then introducing the hydrogen into a hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, cooling the air supplied by an air compressor through an intercooler 7, then introducing the air into a cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of hydrogen until the stack voltage of a fuel cell is lower than 0.1-0.3V, opening the control valve 6, cooling the air supplied by the air compressor in the intercooler 7 arranged on a second gas pipeline, and dividing the cooled air into two paths, wherein one path sequentially flows through an air branch 5, a one-way valve 8, the control valve 6, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline, then introducing the air into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1; the other path is directly led into the cavity 2 through a second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity 2;
if the atmospheric temperature is not lower than-5 ℃, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the control valve 6 is closed, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen storage device is stabilized by the gas pressure stabilizer and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, and the air supplied by the air compressor is cooled by the intercooler 7 and then is introduced into the cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2.
The system of the invention refers to an equipment system, a device system or a production device.
Examples
The embodiment provides a fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system comprises a fuel cell, the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen cavity 1 and a cavity 2, the hydrogen cavity 1 is communicated with a hydrogen storage through a first gas pipeline, the cavity 2 is communicated with an air compressor through a second gas pipeline, a gas pressure stabilizer is arranged on the first gas pipeline, an intercooler 7 is arranged on the second gas pipeline, a branch outlet is arranged on the intercooler 7, the branch outlet is communicated to an air branch 5, the air branch 5 is connected to an air inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer, a bypass valve 8 is arranged on the air branch 5, the caliber of the air branch 5 is equal to the caliber of the first gas pipeline, the maximum pressure value of the bypass valve is twice the pressure value of the hydrogen cavity 1 under the rated working condition of the fuel cell, and the maximum pressure value of the bypass valve 8 is equal to three times the rated working condition of the first gas of the fuel cell.
Application example 1
The present application example provides a hydrogen utilization optimizing method of the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system in the above-described embodiment, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method including:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than 0 ℃, adjusting a gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing a bypass valve, stabilizing the pressure of the hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen storage through the gas pressure stabilizer, then introducing the hydrogen into a hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, cooling air supplied by an air compressor through an intercooler 7, then introducing the cooled air into a cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of the hydrogen until the stack voltage of a fuel cell is lower than 0.2V, opening the bypass valve, cooling the air supplied by the air compressor in the intercooler 7 arranged on a second gas pipeline, and dividing the cooled air into two paths, wherein one path sequentially flows through an air branch 5, a one-way valve 8, the bypass valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and a first gas pipeline, then introducing the cooled air into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1; the other path is directly led into the cavity 2 through a second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity 2;
if the atmospheric temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the bypass valve is closed, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen storage device is stabilized by the gas pressure stabilizer and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, and the air supplied by the air compressor is cooled by the intercooler 7 and then is introduced into the cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2.
Application example 2
The present application example provides a hydrogen utilization optimizing method of the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system in the above-described embodiment, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method including:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than-5 ℃, adjusting a gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing a bypass valve, stabilizing the pressure of the hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen storage through the gas pressure stabilizer, then introducing the hydrogen into a hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, cooling air supplied by an air compressor through an intercooler 7, then introducing the cooled air into a cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of the hydrogen until the stack voltage of a fuel cell is lower than 0.1V, opening the bypass valve, cooling the air supplied by the air compressor in the intercooler 7 arranged on a second gas pipeline, and dividing the cooled air into two paths, wherein one path sequentially flows through an air branch 5, a one-way valve 8, the bypass valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and a first gas pipeline and then introducing the cooled air into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1; the other path is directly led into the cavity 2 through a second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity 2;
if the atmospheric temperature is not lower than-5 ℃, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the bypass valve is closed, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen storage device is stabilized by the gas pressure stabilizer and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, and the air supplied by the air compressor is cooled by the intercooler 7 and then is introduced into the cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2.
Application example 3
The present application example provides a hydrogen utilization optimizing method of the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system in the above-described embodiment, the hydrogen utilization optimizing method including:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than 5 ℃, adjusting a gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing a bypass valve, stabilizing the pressure of the hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen storage through the gas pressure stabilizer, then introducing the hydrogen into a hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, cooling air supplied by an air compressor through an intercooler 7, then introducing the cooled air into a cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of the hydrogen until the stack voltage of a fuel cell is lower than 0.3V, opening the bypass valve, cooling the air supplied by the air compressor in the intercooler 7 arranged on a second gas pipeline, and dividing the cooled air into two paths, wherein one path sequentially flows through an air branch 5, a one-way valve 8, the bypass valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and a first gas pipeline, then introducing the cooled air into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1; the other path is directly led into the cavity 2 through a second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity 2;
if the atmospheric temperature is not lower than 5 ℃, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the bypass valve is closed, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen storage device is stabilized by the gas pressure stabilizer and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity 1 to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity 1, and the air supplied by the air compressor is cooled by the intercooler 7 and then is introduced into the cavity 2 to discharge water in the cavity 2.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that fall within the technical scope of the present invention disclosed herein are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system is characterized by comprising a fuel cell, wherein the fuel cell comprises a hydrogen cavity and a cavity, the hydrogen cavity is communicated with a hydrogen supply device through a first gas pipeline, the cavity is communicated with an air supply device through a second gas pipeline, a gas pressure stabilizer is arranged on the first gas pipeline, an air branch is arranged on the second gas pipeline, the air branch is connected to an air inlet of the gas pressure stabilizer, and a control valve is arranged on the air branch;
the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system performs hydrogen utilization optimization by adopting the following method, wherein the method comprises the following steps of:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing the control valve, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen cavity by the hydrogen supplier through the first gas pipeline to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, introducing air into the cavity by the air supplier through the second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of hydrogen until the stack voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the set voltage, opening the control valve, dividing the air supplied by the air supplier into two paths in the second gas pipeline, and sequentially flowing through the air branch, the control valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline in one path to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity; the other path is directly led into the cavity through a second gas pipeline so as to discharge water in the cavity.
2. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 1 wherein an intercooler is provided on the second gas line, a bypass outlet is provided on the intercooler, the bypass outlet communicating to the air bypass.
3. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 2 wherein a one-way valve is disposed in the air branch between the control valve and the intercooler.
4. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 1, wherein the caliber of the air branch is not smaller than the caliber of the first gas line.
5. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 4 wherein the caliber of the air branch is equal to the caliber of the first gas line.
6. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 1 wherein the maximum pressure value of the control valve is no less than twice the pressure value of the hydrogen chamber at the rated operating conditions of the fuel cell.
7. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 6 wherein the maximum pressure value of the control valve is twice the maximum pressure value of the hydrogen chamber at rated operating conditions of the fuel cell.
8. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 3 wherein the maximum pressure value of the check valve is no less than three times the pressure value of the first gas line at rated operating conditions of the fuel cell.
9. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 8 wherein the maximum pressure value of the check valve is equal to three times the pressure value of the first gas line at rated operating conditions of the fuel cell.
10. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 1 wherein the hydrogen supply comprises a hydrogen reservoir.
11. The fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimization system of claim 1 wherein the air supply comprises an air compressor.
12. A hydrogen utilization optimizing method using the fuel cell hydrogen utilization optimizing system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the hydrogen utilization optimizing method comprises:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than the set temperature, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing the control valve, introducing hydrogen into the hydrogen cavity by the hydrogen supplier through the first gas pipeline to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, introducing air into the cavity by the air supplier through the second gas pipeline to discharge water in the cavity, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of hydrogen until the stack voltage of the fuel cell is lower than the set voltage, opening the control valve, dividing the air supplied by the air supplier into two paths in the second gas pipeline, and sequentially flowing through the air branch, the control valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and the first gas pipeline in one path to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity; the other path is directly led into the cavity through a second gas pipeline so as to discharge water in the cavity.
13. The hydrogen utilization optimization method according to claim 12, wherein the set temperature is 0 ℃.
14. The hydrogen utilization optimization method according to claim 12, wherein the set voltage is 0.2V.
15. The hydrogen utilization optimizing method according to claim 12, characterized in that the hydrogen utilization optimizing method comprises:
if the atmospheric temperature is lower than 0 ℃, adjusting a gas pressure stabilizer to open the supply of hydrogen, closing a control valve, stabilizing the pressure of the hydrogen supplied by a hydrogen storage through the gas pressure stabilizer, then introducing the hydrogen into a hydrogen cavity to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, cooling the air supplied by an air compressor through an intercooler, then introducing the air into a cavity to discharge water in the cavity, adjusting the gas pressure stabilizer to block the supply of the hydrogen until the stack voltage of a fuel cell is lower than 0.2V, opening the control valve, cooling the air supplied by the air compressor in an intercooler arranged on a second gas pipeline, and then dividing the air into two paths, wherein one path sequentially flows through an air branch, a one-way valve, the control valve, the gas pressure stabilizer and a first gas pipeline, then introducing the air into the hydrogen cavity to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity; the other path is directly led into the cavity through a second gas pipeline so as to discharge water in the cavity;
if the atmospheric temperature is not lower than 0 ℃, the gas pressure stabilizer is adjusted to open the supply of hydrogen, the control valve is closed, the hydrogen supplied by the hydrogen storage device is stabilized by the gas pressure stabilizer and then is introduced into the hydrogen cavity to discharge water in the hydrogen cavity, and the air supplied by the air compressor is cooled by the intercooler and then is introduced into the cavity to discharge water in the cavity.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111668520A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-15 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and shutdown control method thereof |
| CN113224354A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-06 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | Dehydration and drying control method for low-temperature hydrogen storage path of fuel cell in winter |
| CN113381043A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-10 | 上海申风投资管理有限公司 | Air supply system of fuel cell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111668520A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-09-15 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell system and shutdown control method thereof |
| CN113224354A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-08-06 | 武汉海亿新能源科技有限公司 | Dehydration and drying control method for low-temperature hydrogen storage path of fuel cell in winter |
| CN113381043A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-10 | 上海申风投资管理有限公司 | Air supply system of fuel cell |
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