CN115939324A - Negative plate, battery monomer, battery and consumer - Google Patents
Negative plate, battery monomer, battery and consumer Download PDFInfo
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- CN115939324A CN115939324A CN202210698077.5A CN202210698077A CN115939324A CN 115939324 A CN115939324 A CN 115939324A CN 202210698077 A CN202210698077 A CN 202210698077A CN 115939324 A CN115939324 A CN 115939324A
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Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The application provides a negative plate, a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment, and relates to the field of batteries. The negative plate comprises a current collector and a negative active layer formed on the current collector, wherein the negative active layer comprises a first negative active material layer, a second negative active material layer and a third negative active material layer which are sequentially arranged along a preset direction. The median diameter and the true density of the negative electrode active materials in the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer are respectively greater than the median diameter and the true density of the negative electrode active materials in the second negative electrode active material layer, the width of the first negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D1, the width of the second negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D2, and the width of the third negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D3, wherein D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) is greater than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.45.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a negative plate, a battery monomer, a battery and electric equipment.
Background
In the formation or circulation process of the conventional secondary battery, lithium is easily separated from the middle of the negative plate, which affects the safety performance and the circulation performance of the battery cell, and the traditional method for increasing the liquid injection amount can partially improve the lithium separation from the middle of the negative plate, but can sacrifice the energy density and the cost of the battery monomer.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application provides a negative electrode sheet, a battery cell, a battery, and an electric device, which can improve the technical problems of lithium deposition in the middle region of the negative electrode sheet and sacrifice of energy density.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a negative electrode sheet, which includes a current collector and a negative active layer formed on the current collector, where the current collector is provided with a negative tab on any side of a preset direction, and the negative active layer includes a first negative active material layer, a second negative active material layer, and a third negative active material layer sequentially arranged along the preset direction. Wherein a median particle diameter of the anode active material in the first anode active material layer and the third anode active material layer is larger than a median particle diameter of the anode active material in the second anode active material layer, and a true density in the first anode active material layer and the third anode active material layer is larger than a true density of the second anode active material layer. The width of the first negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D1, the width of the second negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D2, and the width of the third negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D3, wherein D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) is more than 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.45; the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the first negative electrode active material layer is C1 μm, the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer is C2 μm, and the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the third negative electrode active material layer is C3 μm, wherein C1 is not less than 5 and not more than 25, C2 is not less than 0.5 and not more than 15, and C3 is not less than 5 and not more than 25.
In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, utilize the first negative pole active material layer that sets gradually in the direction of predetermineeing, the true density of second negative pole active material layer and third negative pole active material layer, the median diameter of the negative pole active material that contains and the control of width, under the prerequisite that reduces sacrificial energy density, effectively promote electrolyte from predetermineeing the direction from the outward flange of negative pole piece to middle diffusion, improve the infiltration performance of electrolyte to the negative pole piece middle part, not only can alleviate the problem of separating lithium in the middle part of the negative pole piece, can also avoid sacrificial energy density, improve the capacity retention rate of negative pole piece multiturn circulation, improve circulation stability and security performance.
In some embodiments, the first negative active material layer has a true density of T1g/cm 3 The second negative electrode active material layer has a true density of T2 g/cm 3 And the third negative electrode active material layer has a true density of T3g/cm 3 ，3≥T1>T2≥1.4，3≥T3>T2 is more than or equal to 1.4. Within the range, the high-energy density of the negative plate is kept, the capacity retention rate of the negative plate in multi-circle circulation is improved, the liquid retention capacity of the middle of the negative plate on electrolyte is improved, the infiltration effect of the electrolyte on the middle of the negative plate is improved, lithium separation from the middle of the negative plate is relieved, the circulation stability and the safety performance of the negative plate are improved, and the lithium separation can be still avoided when 600 circles of circulation is carried out. If the true density of the second negative electrode active material layer is too low, although the capacity of the middle part of the negative electrode piece to be soaked by the electrolyte can be improved, the capacity of the active material on the negative electrode piece is relatively reduced, and the negative effect on the improvement of the energy density of the negative electrode piece and the battery monomer is achieved.
In some embodiments, 2.3 ≧ T1 ≧ 2.0,2.2 ≧ T2 ≧ 1.9,2.3 ≧ T3 ≧ 2.0. Alternatively, 2.26. Gtoreq.T 1. Gtoreq.2.18, 2.04. Gtoreq.T 2. Gtoreq.1.96, 2.26. Gtoreq.T 3. Gtoreq.2.18. Within the above range, the liquid retention capacity of the middle part of the negative plate to the electrolyte can be further improved under the condition of improving or maintaining the high energy density of the negative plate, the infiltration effect of the electrolyte to the middle part of the negative plate is further improved, lithium precipitation in the middle part of the negative plate is avoided, and the long-time circulation stability of the negative plate is improved.
In some embodiments, 10 ≦ C1 ≦ 20,2 ≦ C2 ≦ 10, 10 ≦ C3 ≦ 20; optionally, C1 is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16, C2 is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6, and C3 is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16. Within the range, the lithium ion battery electrode plate is beneficial to improving the infiltration capacity of the electrode plate to electrolyte, improving the long-time circulation stability of the negative electrode plate, being beneficial to slowly resolving the lithium problem when the negative electrode plate circulates for 600 circles, being convenient to process and improving the performance of the battery monomer. If the median particle size of the negative electrode active material is too large, it is not favorable to improve the wettability of the electrode sheet to the electrolyte, and if the median particle size of the active material is too small, it is easy to cause problems such as sedimentation/gelation during slurry coating processing of the negative electrode sheet, and it is not favorable to improve the processing cost, and also deteriorates the performance of the battery cell.
In some embodiments, 0.1. Ltoreq. D2/(D2 + D1+ D3). Ltoreq.0.3, 0.1. Ltoreq. D1/(D2 + D1+ D3) 0.6, 0.1. Ltoreq. D3/(D2 + D1+ D3) 0.6. By utilizing the limitation of the widths of the first negative electrode active material layer, the second negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction, the lithium deposition in the middle can be still improved when the negative plate circulates for 600 circles, the long-time circulation stability of the negative plate is effectively improved, the reduction of the energy density of the single battery is avoided, and the capacity circulation retention rate is improved.
In some embodiments, D2= D3. That is, the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the second negative electrode active material layer, so that the lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative plate is favorably relieved.
In some embodiments, the anode active material in the first anode active material layer and the anode active material in the third anode active material layer are the same. Under the above arrangement, the same ratio can be selected to prepare the first negative active material layer and the third negative active material layer with the same true density, thereby effectively reducing the preparation difficulty and cost.
In some embodiments, the anode active material in the first anode active material layer is different from the anode active material in the second anode active material layer, and the anode active material in the third anode active material layer is different from the anode active material in the second anode active material layer. Because the true density of each layer is mainly related to the negative active material on the premise that the proportions of the first negative active material layer, the second negative active material layer and the third negative active material layer are the same, by adopting the arrangement, the true density corresponding to each layer can be directly controlled by using different negative active materials, and the preparation difficulty is low.
In some embodiments, the negative active material includes at least one of a carbon-based material including at least one of hard carbon, soft carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, and expanded graphite, a silicon-based material, and a lithium titanate material. The above negative electrode active material is easily obtained.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery cell including the negative electrode sheet in the above embodiments.
In a third aspect, the present application provides a battery including the battery cell of the above embodiment.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electric device, which includes the battery in the above embodiments, and the battery is used for providing electric energy.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and the present application can be implemented according to the content of the description in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and the following detailed description of the present application is given in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various additional advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet according to some embodiments of the present application.
The reference numbers in the detailed description are as follows:
1000-a vehicle;
100-a battery; 200-a controller; 300-a motor;
10-a box body; 11-a first part; 12-a second part;
20-a battery cell; 21-end cap; 21 a-electrode terminals; 22-an insulator; 23-a current collecting assembly; 24-a housing; 25-an electrode assembly;
24-negative plate; 240-a current collector; 241-negative pole tab; 243-negative electrode film layer; 244 — first negative active material layer; 245 — a second negative active material layer; 247-third negative active material layer.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are merely used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereby.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "including" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description and claims of this application and the description of the above figures are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", and the like are used only for distinguishing different objects, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary-secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by one skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is only one kind of association relationship describing an associated object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B, and may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural pieces" refers to two or more (including two).
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate the directions or positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the embodiments of the present application and for simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise explicitly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; mechanical connection or electrical connection is also possible; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. Specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
At present, the application of the power battery is more and more extensive from the development of market situation. The power battery is not only applied to energy storage power supply systems such as hydraulic power, firepower, wind power and solar power stations, but also widely applied to electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric automobiles and the like, and a plurality of fields such as military equipment and aerospace. With the continuous expansion of the application field of the power battery, the market demand is also continuously expanding.
The inventor finds that in order to pursue high energy density, the conventional secondary battery sets a large compaction and a high loading capacity on the negative plate, so that the porosity of the negative plate is low, the wettability of the negative plate to the electrolyte is poor, the electrolyte infiltration in the middle area of the negative plate is insufficient, and metal lithium is precipitated due to large ion diffusion resistance in the formation or circulation process of the secondary battery, so that the safety performance and the circulation performance of a battery cell are affected.
In order to alleviate the problem that the middle part of the negative plate is easy to generate lithium, the inventor tries to increase the porosity of the middle part of the negative plate to hopefully improve the wettability of the electrolyte to solve the technical problem, but the inventor finds that if only the porosity of the middle part of the negative plate is increased, the negative plate sacrifices the capacity, the capacity retention rate of the negative plate is poor, and the middle part still generates the lithium generation problem after long-time circulation, such as 600 cycles.
In order to solve the problems that lithium is easy to precipitate in the middle of a negative plate and the circulation retentivity is poor, the inventor designs the negative plate through intensive research, wherein the negative plate comprises a current collector and a negative active layer with uniform thickness formed on the current collector, a negative lug is arranged on any side of the current collector in a preset direction, and the negative active layer comprises a first negative active material layer, a second negative active material layer and a third negative active material layer which are sequentially arranged along the preset direction. Wherein a median particle diameter of the anode active material in the first anode active material layer and the third anode active material layer is larger than a median particle diameter of the anode active material in the second anode active material layer, and a true density in the first anode active material layer and the third anode active material layer is larger than a true density of the second anode active material layer. The width of the first negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D1, the width of the second negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D2, and the width of the third negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D3, wherein D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) is more than 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.45, the median particle size of the negative electrode active material in the first negative electrode active material layer is C1 mu m, the median particle size of the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer is C2 mu m, the median particle size of the negative electrode active material in the third negative electrode active material layer is C3 mu m, wherein C1 is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25, C2 is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 15, and C3 is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25.
In the negative plate, the true densities of the first negative active material layer, the second negative active material layer and the third negative active material layer which are sequentially arranged in the preset direction and the control of the median diameter and the width of the contained negative active material are utilized, on the premise of reducing the sacrifice energy density, the diffusion of the electrolyte from the outer edge to the middle of the negative plate in the preset direction is effectively promoted, the infiltration performance of the electrolyte to the middle of the negative plate is improved, the problem of lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative plate can be solved, the sacrifice energy density can be avoided, the capacity retention rate of multi-circle circulation of the negative plate is improved, and the circulation stability and the safety performance are improved.
The method comprises the following steps of preparing a first negative electrode active material layer and a third negative electrode active material layer, wherein the median particle diameter of negative electrode active materials in the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer is larger than that of the negative electrode active materials in the second negative electrode active material layer, so that the diffusion capacity of the second negative electrode active material layer is superior to that of the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer at two ends, electrolyte is promoted to diffuse from two ends to the middle, the second negative electrode active material layer is better infiltrated, lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative electrode plate is avoided, the cycle stability is improved, the liquid retention capacity of the second negative electrode active material layer is effectively improved by utilizing the fact that the true density of the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer is larger than that of the second negative electrode active material layer, the contact time between the second negative electrode active material layer and the electrolyte is prolonged, the second negative electrode active material layer is better infiltrated, lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative electrode plate is avoided, the cycle stability is further improved, the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer is uniform, the processing difficulty is low, and the surface of the negative electrode active material tends to form a complete and uniform interface in the subsequent formation process, and further avoids lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative electrode plate.
The width of the second negative electrode active material layer is reasonable, the second negative electrode active material layer can be further matched with the median particle size and the true density together, the problem of lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative electrode plate is solved, the capacity retention rate of multi-circle circulation of the negative electrode plate can be improved, the circulation stability and the safety performance are improved, if the width of the second negative electrode active material layer is too large, electrolyte required by the whole single battery is greatly improved, and the mass energy density of the single battery is reduced; if the width of the second negative electrode active material layer region is too small, the region size range for improving electrolyte infiltration is limited, and the situation that lithium precipitation is caused because the middle part of the negative electrode sheet cannot be infiltrated by the electrolyte in the charging and discharging process may exist.
The battery cell disclosed in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, an electric device for a vehicle, a ship, an aircraft, or the like. Can use and possess this power consumption device's of constitution electrical power generating system such as battery monomer, battery that this application is disclosed, like this, be favorable to alleviating and automatically regulated electric core bulging force worsens, and supplementary electrolyte consumes, promotes the stability and the battery life-span of battery performance.
The embodiment of the application provides an electric device using a battery as a power supply, wherein the electric device can be but is not limited to a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric automobile, a ship, a spacecraft and the like. The electric toy may include a stationary or mobile electric toy, such as a game machine, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, and the like, and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, and the like.
For convenience of description, the following embodiments take an example in which a power consuming apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application is a vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel automobile, a gas automobile, or a new energy automobile, and the new energy automobile may be a pure electric automobile, a hybrid electric automobile, or a range-extended automobile, etc. The battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or the tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may serve as an operation power source of the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300, the controller 200 being configured to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigation, and operational power requirements while the vehicle 1000 is traveling.
In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 may be used not only as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000, but also as a driving power source of the vehicle 1000, instead of or in part of fuel or natural gas, to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery 100 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery 100 includes a case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the case 10. The case 10 is used to provide a receiving space for the battery cell 20, and the case 10 may have various structures. In some embodiments, the case 10 may include a first portion 11 and a second portion 12, the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 cover each other, and the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 together define a receiving space for receiving the battery cell 20. The second part 12 may be a hollow structure with one open end, the first part 11 may be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 11 covers the open side of the second part 12, so that the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a containing space; the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 may be both hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first portion 11 may cover the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the case 10 formed by the first and second portions 11 and 12 may have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, and the like.
In the battery 100, the number of the battery cells 20 may be multiple, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, where in series-parallel refers to both series connection and parallel connection among the multiple battery cells 20. The plurality of battery cells 20 can be directly connected in series or in parallel or in series-parallel, and the whole formed by the plurality of battery cells 20 is accommodated in the box body 10; of course, the battery 100 may also be formed by connecting a plurality of battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a battery module, and then connecting a plurality of battery modules in series, in parallel, or in series-parallel to form a whole, and the whole is accommodated in the box 10. The battery 100 may further include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a bus member for achieving electrical connection between the plurality of battery cells 20.
Wherein each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; but is not limited to, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium ion battery, or a magnesium ion battery. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular parallelepiped, or other shape.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of a battery cell 20 according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. The battery cell 20 refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery. Referring to fig. 3, the battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, an insulating member 22, a current collecting assembly 23, a case 24, an electrode assembly 25, an electrolyte (not shown), and other functional components.
The end cap 21 refers to a member that covers an opening of the case 24 to insulate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. Without limitation, the shape of the end cap 21 may be adapted to the shape of the housing 24 to fit the housing 24. Alternatively, the end cap 21 may be made of a material (e.g., an aluminum alloy) having a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 21 is not easily deformed when being impacted, and the battery cell 20 may have a higher structural strength and improved safety. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 may further include a pressure relief mechanism for relieving the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value. The material of the end cap 21 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
The end cap 21 is provided with functional components such as electrode terminals 21 a. The electrode terminal 21a may be used to electrically connect with the electrode assembly 25 for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 may further include a pressure relief mechanism for relieving the internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold value. The material of the end cap 21 may also be various, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.
The current collecting assembly 23 is located at a side of the insulating member 22 away from the end cap 21, and the current collecting assembly 23 serves to electrically connect the electrode terminal 21a with the electrode assembly 25 to transmit electric energy from the electrode assembly 25 to the electrode terminal 21a, and to the outside of the electrode assembly 25 via the electrode terminal 21 a.
The case 24 is an assembly for mating with the end cap 21 to form an internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment may be used to house the electrode assembly 25, electrolyte, and other components. The housing 24 and the end cap 21 may be separate components, and an opening may be provided in the housing 24, and the opening may be covered by the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. The end cap 21 and the housing 24 may be integrated, and specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 24 may form a common connecting surface before other components are inserted into the housing, and when it is required to seal the inside of the housing 24, the end cap 21 covers the housing 24. The housing 24 may be of various shapes and sizes, such as rectangular parallelepiped, cylindrical, hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the case 24 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 25. The material of the housing 24 may be various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
The electrode assembly 25 is a part in which electrochemical reactions occur in the battery cell 20. One or more electrode assemblies 25 may be contained within the case 24. The electrode assembly 25 is mainly formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, and a separator is generally provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The positive electrode tab has a main body portion constituting the electrode assembly 25 by a portion of the positive electrode tab having no positive electrode active material and a portion of the negative electrode tab having no negative electrode active material, each constituting a tab. The positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab 241 may be located at one end of the main body portion together or at both ends of the main body portion, respectively. During the charge and discharge of the battery, the positive and negative active materials react with the electrolyte, and the positive and negative tabs 241 are connected to the electrode terminal 21a to form a current loop.
The active material of the positive electrode sheet includes, but is not limited to, lithium cobalt oxide, and may also be one or more of lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide, lithium phosphate containing olivine structure, layered sodium-containing oxide, sodium iron sulfate, and sodium-containing prussian blue analog material, and those skilled in the art may select the active material according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
The material of the diaphragm includes, but is not limited to, a polyethylene diaphragm, a polypropylene diaphragm, a glass fiber diaphragm, and a composite diaphragm composed of at least two of them, which is not limited herein, and can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.
The electrolyte may only include electrolyte and solvent, and in addition, the electrolyte may also include additives, and those skilled in the art may select the type of the electrolyte according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
Referring to fig. 4 to 10, the predetermined direction is shown in the X direction in fig. 5 to 10. According to some embodiments of the present application, the negative electrode sheet includes a current collector 240 and a negative active layer formed on the current collector 240, the current collector 240 is provided with a negative tab 241 at any one side of a preset direction, and the negative active layer includes a first negative active material layer 244, a second negative active material layer 245, and a third negative active material layer 247 that are sequentially arranged along the preset direction. Wherein the median particle diameter of the anode active material in the first anode active material layer 244 and the third anode active material layer 247 is larger than the median particle diameter of the anode active material in the second anode active material layer 245, and the true density in the first anode active material layer 244 and the third anode active material layer 247 is larger than the true density of the second anode active material layer 245. The width of the first negative electrode active material layer 244 in the preset direction is D1, the width of the second negative electrode active material layer 245 in the preset direction is D2, and the width of the third negative electrode active material layer 247 in the preset direction is D3, where D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) ≦ 0.45 is 0.05 ≦. The median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the first negative electrode active material layer is C1 μm, the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer is C2 μm, and the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the third negative electrode active material layer is C3 μm, wherein C1 is not less than 5 and not more than 25, C2 is not less than 0.5 and not more than 15, and C3 is not less than 5 and not more than 25.
The negative electrode active layer is a coating layer mainly formed by mixing a negative electrode active material, a conductive agent, and a binder.
The median diameter is a D50 particle diameter, which is a particle diameter corresponding to a cumulative percentage of particle size distribution of the negative electrode active material of 50%.
The true density refers to the actual mass of a solid substance per unit volume of each negative electrode active material layer in an absolutely dense state, i.e., the density after removing internal pores or voids between particles.
The first anode active material layer 244, the second anode active material layer 245, and the third anode active material layer 247 are sequentially arranged in a preset direction means that: one side of the second anode active material layer 245 in the predetermined direction is connected to one edge of the first anode active material layer 244, and the other side is connected to one edge of the third anode active material layer 247, so that the first anode active material layer 244 and the third anode active material layer 247 are respectively located at both sides of the second anode active material layer 245 in the predetermined direction.
In the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application, the control of the true densities of the first negative active material layer 244, the second negative active material layer 245 and the third negative active material layer 247, which are sequentially arranged in the preset direction, and the median particle diameters of the contained negative active materials is utilized, on the premise of reducing the sacrificial energy density, the electrolyte is effectively promoted to diffuse from the outer edge of the negative plate to the middle in the preset direction, the infiltration performance of the electrolyte to the middle of the negative plate is improved, the problem of lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative plate can be relieved, the sacrificial energy density can be avoided, the capacity retention rate of multi-circle circulation of the negative plate is improved, and the circulation stability and the safety performance are improved.
The median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material in the first negative electrode active material layer 244 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 is larger than that of the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer 245, so that the diffusion capacity of the second negative electrode active material layer 245 is better than that of the first negative electrode active material layer 244 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 at two ends, so that the electrolyte is promoted to diffuse from two ends to the middle part, so that the second negative electrode active material layer 245 is better infiltrated, lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative electrode plate is avoided, and the cycle stability is improved. The width of the second negative active material layer 245 is reasonable, and the second negative active material layer can be further matched with the median particle size and the true density together, so that the problem of lithium precipitation in the middle of the negative plate is solved, the capacity retention rate of multi-circle circulation of the negative plate can be improved, the circulation stability and the safety performance are improved, if the width of the second negative active material layer 245 is too large, the electrolyte required by the whole single battery is greatly improved, and the mass energy density of the single battery is reduced; if the width of the second negative active material layer 245 is too small, the size range of the region for improving the electrolyte infiltration is limited, and the middle part of the negative electrode sheet may not be infiltrated by the electrolyte during the charging and discharging process to generate lithium deposition. If the median particle diameter of the negative electrode active material is too large or too small, lithium deposition in the middle of the negative electrode sheet cannot be relieved.
Illustratively, C1 is any one or between any two values of 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, or 25, C2 is any one or between any two values of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, or 15, and C3 is any one or between any two values of 5, 7, 10, 12, 15, 17, 18, 20, 22, or 25.
As shown in fig. 5, the first negative electrode active material layer 244 may be located on a side of the third negative electrode active material layer 247 close to the negative electrode tab 241, or as shown in fig. 6, the first negative electrode active material layer 244 may be located on a side of the third negative electrode active material layer 247 away from the negative electrode tab 241, and those skilled in the art may select the first negative electrode active material layer according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.
The negative electrode tab 241 may be a full tab as shown in fig. 7, or may be a split tab as shown in fig. 5 and 6, and those skilled in the art may select the tab according to actual requirements, which is not limited herein.
The negative electrode active material layers may be partially patterned so that the overall true density and particle size of each negative electrode active material layer satisfy the above requirements, but the true density and/or particle size of the negative electrode active material layer may be different from one another. For convenience of processing and arrangement, each negative electrode active material layer can be formed by coating a negative electrode slurry containing a negative electrode active material with the same median particle size, so that the true density of each negative electrode active material layer is the same.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 4, the thickness of the negative electrode active layer is uniform, that is, the thickness of the negative electrode active layer is substantially the same everywhere, and the thickness deviation is controlled within 1%. The processing difficulty of the negative electrode active layer with uniform thickness is low, and the surface of the negative electrode plate tends to form a complete and uniform formation interface in the subsequent formation process, so that the lithium precipitation of the negative electrode plate is further avoided.
The current collector 240 has an extending direction perpendicular to the predetermined direction, which is indicated by Y direction in fig. 5 to 10. The negative electrode tab 241 is disposed on either side of the current collector 240 in a predetermined direction and extends in the extending direction.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the width D1 of the first anode active material layer 244 is kept constant in the extending direction, the width D2 of the second anode active material layer 245 is kept constant in the extending direction, and the width D3 of the third anode active material layer 247 is kept constant in the extending direction. At this time, the contact interface between the second negative electrode active material layer 245 and the first negative electrode active material layer 244 is a plane, and the contact interface between the second negative electrode active material layer 245 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 is also a plane.
As shown in fig. 8 to 10, the widths of at least two of the width D1 of the first anode active material layer 244, the width D2 of the second anode active material layer 245, and the width D3 of the third anode active material layer 247 vary in the extending direction, but the variation range thereof meets the above requirements. At this time, the contact interface between the second anode active material layer 245 and the first anode active material layer 244 may be a curved surface as shown in fig. 8 and 9, or may be a folded surface as shown in fig. 10, and the contact interface between the second anode active material layer 245 and the third anode active material layer 247 may be a curved surface as shown in fig. 9, or may be a folded surface as shown in fig. 10.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the width of the first negative electrode active material layer 244 may be the same as the width of the third negative electrode active material layer 247, and the first negative electrode active material layer 244 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 are symmetrically distributed at two ends of the second negative electrode active material layer 245 in the predetermined direction, and besides, the width of the first negative electrode active material layer 244 may be larger or smaller than the thickness of the third negative electrode active material layer 247 as long as the above range requirement is satisfied, and the first negative electrode active material layer 244 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 are asymmetrically distributed at two ends of the second negative electrode active material layer 245, and the asymmetrically distributed manner is, for example, as shown in fig. 8.
According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the first negative active material layer 244 has a true density of T1g/cm 3 The second negative electrode active material layer 245 has a true density of T2 g/cm 3 The true density of the third anode active material layer 247 is T3g/cm 3 Wherein 3 is not less than T1>T2≥1.4，3≥T3>T2≥1.4。
Within the range, the high-energy density of the negative plate is kept, the capacity retention rate of the negative plate in multi-circle circulation is improved, the liquid retention capacity of the middle of the negative plate on electrolyte is improved, the infiltration effect of the electrolyte on the middle of the negative plate is improved, lithium separation from the middle of the negative plate is relieved, the circulation stability and the safety performance of the negative plate are improved, and the lithium separation can be still avoided when 600 circles of circulation is carried out. If the true density of the second negative active material layer 245 is too low, although the ability of the middle part of the negative plate to be soaked by the electrolyte can be improved, the capacity of the active material on the negative plate is relatively reduced, which has a negative effect on the improvement of the energy density of the negative plate and the battery cell.
Here, the true density of the first anode active material layer 244 may be the same as or different from that of the third anode active material layer 247. In some embodiments, optionally, 2.3 ≧ T1 ≧ 2.0,2.2 ≧ T2 ≧ 1.9,2.3 ≧ T3 ≧ 2.0.
Within the above range, the liquid retention capacity of the middle part of the negative plate to the electrolyte can be further improved under the condition of improving or maintaining the high energy density of the negative plate, the infiltration effect of the electrolyte to the middle part of the negative plate is further improved, lithium precipitation in the middle part of the negative plate is avoided, and the long-time circulation stability of the negative plate is improved.
Illustratively, T1 is any one or between any two values of 2.00, 2.05, 2.10, 2.15, 2.18, 2.20, 2.25, 2.26, 2.28, or 2.30, T2 is any one or between any two values of 1.90, 1.96, 2.00, 2.04, 2.10, or 2.20, and T1> T2. T3 is any one or between any two of 2.00, 2.05, 2.10, 2.15, 2.18, 2.20, 2.25, 2.26, 2.28, or 2.30, and T3> T2.
Alternatively, 2.26 ≧ T1 ≧ 2.18,2.04 ≧ T2 ≧ 1.96,2.26 ≧ T3 ≧ 2.18.
Within the range, the soaking effect of the electrolyte on the middle part of the negative plate is further improved, the lithium precipitation in the middle part of the negative plate is avoided, and the long-time circulation stability of the negative plate is further improved.
According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, 10 ≦ C1 ≦ 20,2 ≦ C2 ≦ 10, and 10 ≦ C3 ≦ 20.
Within the range, the lithium ion battery electrode plate is beneficial to improving the infiltration capacity of the electrode plate to electrolyte, improving the long-time circulation stability of the negative electrode plate, being beneficial to slowly resolving the lithium problem when the negative electrode plate circulates for 600 circles, being convenient to process and improving the performance of the battery monomer. If the median particle size of the negative electrode active material is too large, it is not favorable to improve the wettability of the electrode sheet to the electrolyte, and if the median particle size of the active material is too small, it is easy to cause problems such as sedimentation/gelation during slurry coating processing of the negative electrode sheet, and it is not favorable to improve the processing cost, and also deteriorates the performance of the battery cell.
Here, the median particle diameter of the anode active material in the first anode active material layer 244 may be the same as or different from the median particle diameter of the anode active material in the third anode active material layer 247, and may be selected according to actual needs.
Optionally, C1 is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16, C2 is more than or equal to 4 and less than or equal to 6, and C3 is more than or equal to 12 and less than or equal to 16. Within the range, the infiltration capacity of the electrode plate to the electrolyte is further improved, and the cycle stability and the capacity retention rate of the negative electrode plate are further improved.
According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, 0.1 ≦ D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) ≦ 0.3,0.1 ≦ D1/(D2 + D1+ D3) ≦ 0.6,0.1 ≦ D3/(D2 + D1+ D3) ≦ 0.6.
By utilizing the limitation of the widths of the first negative electrode active material layer 244, the second negative electrode active material layer 245 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 in the preset direction, the lithium separation in the middle of the negative electrode piece can be still improved when the negative electrode piece circulates for 600 circles, the long-time circulation stability of the negative electrode piece is effectively improved, the reduction of the energy density of a single battery is avoided, and the capacity circulation retention rate is improved. If the width of the second negative active material layer 245 is too large, the electrolyte required by the whole unit cell is greatly increased, and the mass energy density of the unit cell is reduced.
According to some embodiments of the application, optionally, D2= D3.
That is, the first negative electrode active material layer 244 and the third negative electrode active material layer 247 are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the second negative electrode active material layer 245, which is advantageous for alleviating lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet.
Here, the anode active material in the first anode active material layer 244 and the anode active material in the third anode active material layer 247 may be the same or different, and those skilled in the art may select the anode active material according to actual needs.
According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the anode active material in the first anode active material layer 244 and the anode active material in the third anode active material layer 247 are the same.
When the negative active material in the first negative active material layer 244 is the same as the negative active material in the third negative active material layer 247, the same mixture ratio may be selected to prepare the first negative active material layer 244 and the third negative active material layer 247 having the same true density, thereby effectively reducing the preparation difficulty and cost.
Also, the anode active material of the second anode active material layer 245 may be the same as or different from the anode active material in the first anode active material layer 244, and the anode active material of the second anode active material layer 245 may be the same as or different from the anode active material of the third anode active material layer, and those skilled in the art may limit the present invention according to actual requirements.
Alternatively, in some embodiments, the negative active material in the first negative active material layer 244 is different from the negative active material in the second negative active material layer 245, and the negative active material in the third negative active material layer 247 is different from the negative active material in the second negative active material layer 245, according to some embodiments of the present application.
Since the true density of each layer is mainly related to the negative active material on the premise that the proportions of the first negative active material layer 244, the second negative active material layer 245 and the third negative active material layer 247 are the same, with the above arrangement, the true density corresponding to each layer can be directly controlled by using different negative active materials, and the preparation difficulty is low.
According to some embodiments of the present application, optionally, the negative active material includes at least one of a carbon-based material including at least one of hard carbon, soft carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, and expanded graphite, a silicon-based material, and a lithium titanate material. The above negative electrode active material is easily obtained.
Here, when the anode active material of the first anode active material layer 244 and the anode active material of the third anode active material layer 247 are artificial graphite and/or natural graphite, respectively, the anode active material of the second anode active material layer 245 may be one or more of hard carbon, soft carbon, and artificial graphite.
When the anode active material of the first anode active material layer 244 and the anode active material of the third anode active material layer 247 are a mixture of a silicon-based material and graphite (artificial graphite and/or natural graphite), respectively, the anode active material of the second anode active material layer 245 may be artificial graphite or natural graphite.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the present application also provides a battery cell, which includes the negative electrode sheet provided in any one of the above aspects.
According to some embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a battery including the battery cell provided in any of the above aspects.
According to some embodiments of the present application, there is also provided an electric device, including the battery of any of the above aspects, and the battery is used for providing electric energy for the electric device.
The powered device may be any of the aforementioned battery-powered devices or systems.
Some specific examples are listed below to better illustrate the present application.
Examples and comparative examples
[ FULL BATTERY MANUFACTURE ]
1. Positive plate: mixing LiNi as active material 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 Mixing conductive carbon black (SP) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) according to a mass ratio of 96.8And drying the aluminum foil with the thickness of 00mm, cold-pressing and cutting to obtain the positive plate.
2. And (3) isolation film: a Polyethylene (PE) porous polymeric separator was used as the separator.
3. And (3) negative plate:
the preparation method of the negative plate in examples 1-30 and comparative examples 3-8 is as follows:
mixing the mass ratio of dry matters shown in the table 1 of a negative electrode active substance 2 (detailed in table 1), conductive carbon black (SP), styrene butadiene rubber emulsion (SBR) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, dissolving in deionized water, mixing slurry, and coating onto two surfaces of a copper foil with the width of 404mm, wherein the coating is a uniform-thickness material layer.
Next, the negative electrode active material 1 (see table 1 for details), conductive carbon black (SP), styrene butadiene rubber emulsion (SBR), and sodium carboxymethylcellulose were mixed according to the mass ratio of dry matters shown in table 1, and the mixture was coated to both ends of the second negative electrode active material layer in a preset direction to obtain a first negative electrode active material layer and a third negative electrode active material layer having the same thickness as the second negative electrode active material layer, respectively. And drying and cold pressing the coated pole piece, and cutting into the negative pole piece.
In table 1, the true density of the hard carbon is 2.06, the true density of the porous hard carbon 1 is 1.95, the true density of the porous hard carbon 2 is 1.2, the true density of the artificial graphite is 2.27, and the true density of the natural graphite is 2.24. The true density of the silicon oxide is 3.0, and the true density is tested according to GB/T24542.
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer are replaced with a second negative electrode active material layer.
Comparative example 2 the preparation method of the negative plate is as follows: the second anode active material layer is replaced with the first anode active material layer.
4. Electrolyte solution: after mixing Ethylene Carbonate (EC), ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC), and diethyl carbonate (DEC) at a volume ratio of 3 6 ) Dissolving the mixture in a mixed organic solvent according to the proportion of 1 mol/L. The required electrolyte is obtained.
5. Assembling the whole battery: and stacking the positive plate, the isolating film and the negative plate in sequence to enable the isolating film to be positioned between the positive and negative electrodes to play an isolating role, and winding to obtain the bare cell. And (3) placing the bare cell in an outer packaging aluminum shell, injecting the prepared electrolyte into the dry cell dried at high temperature, and performing vacuum packaging, standing, formation, shaping and other processes to obtain the lithium ion secondary cylindrical battery.
[ evaluation of Performance of full Battery ]
The performance evaluation of each example and comparative example was performed as follows, and the test results are shown in table 2.
1. And (3) testing the cycle performance:
under a constant temperature environment of 25 ℃, carrying out first charging and discharging on the full batteries corresponding to each embodiment and the comparative example, carrying out constant-current and constant-voltage charging (charging till the current is 0.05C) under a charging current of 1.0C (namely, a current value of completely discharging theoretical capacity within 1 hour) until the upper limit voltage reaches 4.25V, standing for 5 minutes, carrying out constant-current discharging under a discharging current of 1.0C until the final voltage is 2.8V, and recording the discharging capacity of the first circulation; and then performing a continuous charge-discharge cycle.
Capacity retention rate of the nth cycle = (discharge capacity of the nth cycle/discharge capacity of the first cycle) × 100%.
2. And (5) lithium precipitation test.
Each full cell after the corresponding number of cycles was charged to a fully charged state (100% soc), the cell was disassembled in a dry environment at 20 ℃ and 2% humidity, the negative electrode sheet of each full cell after the disassembly was subjected to a spreading operation, the state of lithium deposition in the region where the second negative electrode active material layer was located was observed, and a photograph was taken and recorded.
The extent of lithium extraction is defined as follows:
0: no lithium precipitation can be observed by naked eyes;
1: micro lithium deposition (lithium deposition area less than 10% of the second negative electrode active material layer area);
2: small-area lithium separation (the lithium separation area is 10-30%);
3: large area lithium deposition (lithium deposition area > 30%).
TABLE 1 examples and comparative negative plate preparation parameters
In table 1, the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer have the same true density, and the negative electrode active material and the median particle diameter are the same.
Table 2 examples and comparative test results
As can be seen from tables 1 and 2, examples 1 to 30 all can effectively improve lithium deposition in the negative plate, and the lithium deposition grades at 600 circles are all 0, wherein the cycle retention rates of examples 1 to 29 at 200 circles are more than 90%.
Example 30 has a smaller true density T2 than example 22, resulting in a 200-cycle retention < 90%, although it can improve lithium precipitation in the negative plate.
According to comparative example 1, if the negative electrode active layer is entirely composed of the second negative electrode active material layer, lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet can be improved, but the energy density is sacrificed, and the capacity retention rate of the negative electrode sheet after 200 cycles is only 87.5%, which cannot meet the requirement of high energy density.
According to comparative example 2, if the negative electrode active layer is entirely composed of the first negative electrode active material layer, lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet cannot be improved, and the energy density is significantly sacrificed, so that the capacity retention rate of the negative electrode sheet after 200 cycles is only 86.4%, and the requirement of high energy density cannot be met.
The comparative example 3 is different from the example 1 only in that the median particle diameter C1 of the negative electrode active materials in the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer is equal to the median particle diameter C2 of the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer, and not only does the above arrangement sacrifice the energy density and make the capacity retention ratio of the negative electrode sheet for 200 cycles be only 89.3% and the requirement of high energy density cannot be met, but also lithium is separated in the negative electrode sheet after 600 cycles of the negative electrode sheet and the cycle stability is poor.
The comparative example 4 is different from the example 1 in that the true density T1 of the first negative electrode active material layer and the third negative electrode active material layer is equal to the true density T2 of the second negative electrode active material layer, and the above arrangement not only sacrifices the energy density to make the capacity retention rate of the negative electrode sheet after 200 cycles be only 89.3%, which cannot meet the requirement of high energy density, but also cannot solve the problem of lithium precipitation in the negative electrode sheet.
In comparative example 5, the occupied width ratio of the second negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode active layer was too small, which caused the problem of no improvement in lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet and resulted in a capacity retention ratio of only 88.6% for 200 cycles of the negative electrode sheet, and in comparative example 6, the occupied width ratio of the second negative electrode active material layer on the negative electrode active layer was too large, which caused the problem of no improvement in lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet and resulted in a capacity retention ratio of only 84.8% for 200 cycles of the negative electrode sheet.
Comparative examples 7 and 8 are different from example 1 in that the median particle diameter C1 of the negative electrode active material 1 in comparative example 7 is too small, which causes a problem that it cannot improve lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet, and causes a capacity retention rate of only 85.1% in 200 cycles of the negative electrode sheet, and the median particle diameter C2 of the negative electrode active material 2 in comparative example 8 is too large, which causes a problem that it cannot improve lithium deposition in the negative electrode sheet, and causes a capacity retention rate of only 87.7% in 200 cycles of the negative electrode sheet.
In summary, the present application utilizes the improvement of the negative electrode plate, which can improve lithium deposition in the middle region of the negative electrode plate, improve cycle stability and safety, and can improve energy density, and improve the performance of the battery cell, the battery and the electric device including the negative electrode plate.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; these modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments of the present application, and they should be construed as being included in the scope of the claims and description of the present application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed herein but is to cover all embodiments that may fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. The negative plate is characterized by comprising a current collector and a negative active layer formed on the current collector, wherein the current collector is provided with a negative tab at any side in a preset direction, and the negative active layer comprises a first negative active material layer, a second negative active material layer and a third negative active material layer which are sequentially arranged along the preset direction;
wherein a median particle diameter of the anode active material in the first and third anode active material layers is larger than a median particle diameter of the anode active material in the second anode active material layer, and a true density in the first and third anode active material layers is larger than a true density of the second anode active material layer;
the width of the first negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D1, the width of the second negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D2, and the width of the third negative electrode active material layer in the preset direction is D3, wherein D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) is more than 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.45;
the median particle size of the anode active material in the first anode active material layer is C1 μm, the median particle size of the anode active material in the second anode active material layer is C2 μm, the median particle size of the anode active material in the third anode active material layer is C3 μm, wherein C1 is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25, C2 is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 15, and C3 is more than or equal to 5 and less than or equal to 25.
2. The negative electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the true density of the first negative electrode active material layer is T1g/cm 3 The second negative electrode active material layer has a true density of T2 g/cm 3 And the third negative electrode active material layer has a true density of T3g/cm 3 ，3≥T1>T2≥1.4，3≥T3>T2≥1.4。
3. The negative electrode sheet according to claim 2, wherein 2.3. Gtoreq.T 1. Gtoreq.2.0, 2.2. Gtoreq.T 2. Gtoreq.1.9, 2.3. Gtoreq.T 3. Gtoreq.2.0;
optionally, T1 is more than or equal to 2.26 and more than or equal to 2.18, T2 is more than or equal to 2.04 and more than or equal to 1.96; t3 is more than or equal to 2.26 and more than or equal to 2.18.
4. The negative plate of claim 1, wherein 10. Ltoreq. C1. Ltoreq.20, 2. Ltoreq. C2. Ltoreq.10, 10. Ltoreq. C3. Ltoreq.20;
optionally, 12 ≦ C1 ≦ 16,4 ≦ C2 ≦ 6, 12 ≦ C3 ≦ 16.
5. The negative electrode sheet of claim 1, wherein 0.1. Ltoreq. D2/(D2 + D1+ D3) is 0.3, 0.1. Ltoreq. D1/(D2 + D1+ D3) is 0.6, 0.1. Ltoreq. D3/(D2 + D1+ D3) is 0.6.
6. Negative electrode sheet according to claim 5, characterized in that D2= D3.
7. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the negative electrode active material in the first negative electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material in the third negative electrode active material layer are the same.
8. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the negative electrode active material in the first negative electrode active material layer is different from the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material in the third negative electrode active material layer is different from the negative electrode active material in the second negative electrode active material layer.
9. The negative electrode sheet of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the negative electrode active material comprises at least one of a carbon-based material comprising at least one of hard carbon, soft carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, and expanded graphite, a silicon-based material, and a lithium titanate material.
10. A battery cell comprising the negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. A battery comprising the battery cell of claim 10;
optionally, the battery is a secondary battery.
12. An electrical device comprising the battery of claim 11.
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| CN202210698077.5A CN115939324A (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Negative plate, battery monomer, battery and consumer |
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| CN202210698077.5A CN115939324A (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Negative plate, battery monomer, battery and consumer |
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| JP2016058375A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-04-21 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Negative electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, and lithium ion secondary battery |
| CN108807849A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-13 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode plate and secondary battery containing same |
| CN112736218A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Lithium battery negative plate, winding type battery cell and lithium ion battery |
| CN112750976A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Lithium battery core and lithium ion battery |
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- 2022-06-20 CN CN202210698077.5A patent/CN115939324A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016058375A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2016-04-21 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | Negative electrode for lithium ion secondary battery, and lithium ion secondary battery |
| CN108807849A (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2018-11-13 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Negative electrode plate and secondary battery containing same |
| CN112736218A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-30 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Lithium battery negative plate, winding type battery cell and lithium ion battery |
| CN112750976A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-05-04 | 珠海冠宇电池股份有限公司 | Lithium battery core and lithium ion battery |
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