CN115923998A

CN115923998A - Mooring equipment of floating system and floating type fan system

Info

Publication number: CN115923998A
Application number: CN202211625457.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙勇; 张天宇; 王瑞良; 陈前; 李涛
Original assignee: Zhejiang Windey Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Windey Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-16
Filing date: 2022-12-16
Publication date: 2023-04-07

Abstract

The invention discloses mooring equipment of a floating system and a floating type fan system, which are applied to a water floating body, wherein a mooring component comprises a supporting part fixedly arranged at the bottom of a water; a pulley member fixed to the support member; a counterweight; one end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the pulley piece and the counterweight piece; the counterweight member is suspended through the anchor chain, and can move up and down along the vertical direction along with the distance change of the floating body and the supporting component in the horizontal direction. In the application, one end of the anchor chain is connected with the overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the pulley part to be connected with the counterweight part positioned in the water, so that the tension of the anchor chain is always kept constant, and the negative influence on the floating stability of the overwater floating body caused by the up-and-down movement of the counterweight part is avoided; therefore, on the basis of maintaining the constant tension of the anchor chain, the floating stability of the floating body on the water is ensured, the structure is simple and easy to realize, and the wide application of mooring equipment is facilitated.

Description

Mooring equipment of floating system and floating type fan system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of mooring systems, in particular to mooring equipment of a floating system and a floating type fan system.

Background

With the development of the offshore industry technology, more and more offshore resources are utilized, for example, floating aquaculture net cages are arranged on the sea, floating generator sets are arranged by using offshore wind energy or solar energy, and the like. However, no matter the aquaculture net cage, the floating generator set or other ships needing to keep floating in a fixed area for a long time, a corresponding mooring system needs to be configured to resist sea storms, so that the floating equipment can keep stable floating and cannot roll over in extreme weather such as sea typhoons.

Because the continental shelf of offshore sea areas in China is gentle, the water depth is relatively shallow; shallow water mooring systems typically take several forms: 1) Catenary mooring, which mainly relies on the weight of the anchor chain to produce a restoring force; 2) In tension/semi-tension mooring, restoring force is mainly generated by the elasticity of mooring lines; 3) The single point mooring, the soft rigid arm single point mooring and the turret type mooring system. However, in practical applications, due to multiple factors such as shallow water effect and catenary effect weakening, the system mooring system generates a very large tension in extreme sea conditions, and to reduce the tension of the system mooring system, the structure of the whole mooring system is often required to be more complicated, and the cost of the mooring system is greatly increased, which is obviously not favorable for the development and application of offshore floating equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide mooring equipment of a floating system and a floating type fan system, which simplify the structure of the mooring equipment on the basis of maintaining constant tension of an anchor chain.

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides mooring equipment of a floating system, which is applied to an overwater floating body and comprises a mooring component; the mooring component comprises a supporting part fixedly arranged on the water bottom; a pulley member fixed to the support member; a counterweight; one end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the pulley piece and the counterweight piece;

the counterweight part is suspended through the anchor chain and can move up and down along the vertical direction along with the change of the distance between the overwater floating body and the support part in the horizontal direction.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, the supporting member comprises an inner hollow, a bottom provided with a sealing bottom plate, and a top opened columnar anchor pile; and the columnar anchor piles extend to the position below the underwater mud surface so as to form a movable channel, wherein the weight part extends to the position below the underwater mud surface and can move up and down.

In an optional embodiment of the application, the sealing bottom plate of the columnar anchor pile is located 10-30 m below the underwater mud surface; the top end of the columnar anchor pile is positioned at a position which is 1m higher than the underwater mud surface; and the pulley piece is arranged at the top of the columnar anchor pile.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, the bottom of the columnar anchor pile further comprises a dirt cleaning bucket arranged on the sealing bottom plate; the outer wall of the dirt cleaning barrel is attached to the inner wall of the columnar anchor pile; the cleaning bucket is also connected with a pull rope arranged along the inner wall of the columnar anchor pile and used for pulling the cleaning bucket up from the sealing bottom plate to remove deposited sludge.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the support member comprises a first support member and a second support member; the pulley part comprises a first pulley arranged on the first supporting part and a second pulley arranged on the second supporting part;

the anchor chain is sequentially wound from the overwater floating body to pass through the first pulley and the second pulley; the height of the first pulley is smaller than that of the second pulley; the height of the second pulley from the underwater mud surface is not less than 10m.

In an alternative embodiment of the present application, the support member is a steel arm structure.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, the mooring components are symmetrically arranged in multiple groups with the water float as a center.

A floating type fan system comprises a floating body platform and a plurality of groups of fan units arranged on the floating body platform; a mooring device for a floating system as claimed in any preceding claim, connected to said buoyant platform.

The invention provides mooring equipment of a floating system and a floating fan system, wherein the mooring equipment is applied to a water floating body and comprises a mooring component; the mooring component comprises a supporting part fixedly arranged on the water bottom; a pulley member fixed to the support member; a counterweight; one end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the pulley piece and the counterweight piece to be connected; the counterweight is suspended through an anchor chain and can move up and down in the vertical direction along with the change of the distance between the aquatic floating body and the supporting part in the horizontal direction.

In the application, one end of an anchor chain is connected with an overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses a pulley part to be connected with a counterweight part, so that the counterweight part is arranged in a suspended manner in water, and therefore, even under the condition of extreme sea conditions, the overwater floating body flows with waves gradually and the horizontal distance between the overwater floating body and the counterweight part is changed, the counterweight part only moves up and down along the vertical direction, but the tension of the anchor chain is always kept around the gravity of the counterweight part and is not arranged to generate excessive fluctuation, and the tension stability of the mooring equipment under the extreme sea conditions is maintained; in addition, the weight piece which fluctuates up and down is arranged in the water instead of the floating body on the water, so that the negative influence on the floating stability of the floating body on the water along with the up-and-down movement of the weight piece is avoided to a certain extent.

To sum up, on the basis of maintaining the stable anchor chain tension of mooring equipment in this application, guaranteed the showy stability of body on water, and mooring equipment simple structure easily realizes, need not to adopt comparatively complicated costly equipment structure, is favorable to the wide application in floating system.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mooring apparatus of a floating system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a mooring apparatus of a floating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mooring apparatus of another floating system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Whether catenary, taut/semi-taut, single point or other mooring equipment, the extent of movement of a float is generally limited by the anchor chain in achieving mooring of a ship or other similar float. However, in extreme severe weather such as typhoon, the floating object inevitably has large drift or fluctuation, so that the anchor chain is repeatedly tightened, the tension of the anchor chain is relatively large when the anchor chain is tightened, the tension is larger when the tightening degree of the anchor chain is larger, and the anchor chain is also broken when the tension exceeds the maximum tension which can be borne by the anchor chain.

At present, in order to avoid overlarge tension of the anchor chain, the mode of adjusting the length of the anchor chain through various complicated mechanical structure devices is often adopted, the overlarge tension of the anchor chain is avoided, but the mode increases the cost of mooring equipment to a certain extent, and is not beneficial to the development and application of offshore floating equipment.

Therefore, the mooring equipment of the floating system and the floating type fan system are provided, the problem of overlarge tension of the anchor chain can be avoided, the structure is simple, and the cost of the mooring equipment is relatively low.

In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mooring apparatus of a floating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a mooring apparatus of a floating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mooring apparatus of another floating system according to an embodiment of the present application.

The mooring device of the floating system in the present application is mainly applied to the above-water floating body 1; the mooring apparatus may comprise:

a mooring component; the mooring component comprises a supporting part fixedly arranged on the water bottom; a pulley member 4 fixed to the support member; a weight member 3; one end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the overwater floating body 1, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the anchor chain 2 connected with the pulley piece 4 and the counterweight piece 3;

wherein, the counterweight 3 bypasses a pulley part 4 fixed on the supporting part through an anchor chain 2 to be suspended, and can move up and down along the vertical direction along with the change of the distance between the aquatic floating body 1 and the supporting part in the horizontal direction.

As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, one end of an anchor chain 2 is fixedly connected to the floating body on water, and the other end is connected to a counterweight 3 located in water; and the anchor chain is wound around the pulley piece 4 and the counterweight piece 3 is suspended by the supporting part; therefore, when the water floating body 1 moves in the horizontal direction due to typhoon or other reasons, and further the relative distance between the water floating body 1 and the supporting part in the horizontal direction is changed, the anchor chain connected with the water floating body 1 can pull the counterweight part 3 to move up and down. Obviously, during the up-and-down fluctuation of the weight 3, the tension borne by the anchor chain 2 is kept substantially constant around the gravity of the weight 3, so that the problem of excessive tension borne by the anchor chain 2 is avoided.

Taking the floating fan as an example, the weight of the weight 3 can be 200 tons to 300 tons. From the energy perspective, the kinetic energy generated by the movement of the aquatic floating body 1 in the embodiment can be converted into the gravitational potential energy and the kinetic energy of the counterweight member 3 to the maximum extent through the anchor chain 2, along with the increase of the horizontal displacement of the aquatic floating body 1, the counterweight member 3 is pulled up, the tension borne by the anchor chain 2 is constant, and compared with the conventional catenary anchor chain mooring, the tension of the mooring anchor chain can be greatly reduced.

It will be appreciated that in order to ensure the stability of the floating of the aquatic float 1 in different directions in the horizontal plane, the mooring assemblies should comprise at least two sets, and also three, four or even more sets, as shown in fig. 2, and the sets of mooring assemblies are uniformly arranged around the aquatic float 1 with the aquatic float 1 as the center, so as to provide symmetrically distributed tension to the aquatic float 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the aquatic float 1 in mooring and floating on water.

On the basis, the counterweight 3 is arranged at the water bottom instead of on the water floating body 1, so that on one hand, the interference to the mooring stability of the water floating body 3 in the up-and-down movement process of the counterweight 3 can be avoided; on the other hand, because the counterweight 3 is arranged in water, the space for the counterweight 3 to move up and down is greatly increased.

Considering further that in shallow water mooring the space in which the weight 3 moves up and down in the water may be relatively limited, in another alternative embodiment of the present application the support means may comprise:

the interior is hollow, the bottom is provided with a sealing bottom plate, and the top is provided with a columnar anchor pile 5; and the columnar anchor piles 5 extend below the underwater mud surface so as to form a movable passage for the counterweight 3 to move up and down below the underwater mud surface.

It can be understood that the counterweight 3 restricts the floating movement of the water floating body 1 by tightening the anchor chain 2, in order to ensure the floating stability of the water floating body 1, the tension of the anchor chain 2 on the water floating body should be pulled downwards in an inclined manner, and the included angle between the upper tension direction and the horizontal plane cannot be too small, which requires that the pulley member 4 connected to one underwater end of the anchor chain and the counterweight 3 cannot be too high in position in water; but the lower position of the weight 3 in the water also somewhat reduces the space for the vertical heave movement of the weight 3.

For this reason, in order to provide a larger movement space for the counterweight 3 to move up and down, a column-shaped anchor pile 5 extending to a position below the underwater mud surface is further arranged on the underwater bottom, and the interior of the column-shaped anchor pile 5 is hollow, and the bottom of the column-shaped anchor pile is sealed by a sealing bottom plate, so that the column-shaped anchor pile 5 can form a hollow space extending to a position below the underwater mud surface under the water; accordingly, when the weight member 5 moves up and down as the water float 1 moves, the hollow space can be used as a movement passage.

In order to secure a sufficient movement space of the weight member 3 in the vertical direction, the sealing floor of the columnar anchor pile 2 may be 10m to 30m below the underwater mud surface, that is, the bottom of the columnar anchor pile 2 extends at least about 10m to 30m below the underwater mud surface.

From this, utilize hollow column anchor pile 5 to form a motion passageway that extends to the following mud face for the counterweight in this embodiment, on guaranteeing that anchor chain 2 provides the tensile basis of slant decurrent for body 1 on water, further guaranteed the motion space of counterweight 3 in vertical direction, and then promote to a certain extent and carry out the effect of stabilizing the restriction to body 1 on water.

It is understood that, since the upper end of the columnar anchor pile 5 is open, it is obvious that the hollow space inside the columnar anchor pile 5 should be filled with water; that is to say, the hollow space inside the columnar anchor pile is communicated with the surrounding water environment in water, so that the problem of large internal and external pressure difference when water is not filled in the columnar anchor pile 5 is solved.

However, considering further that the top end of the column-shaped anchor pile 5 is open, and the bottom of the column-shaped anchor pile 5 extends to below the underwater mud surface, in order to avoid the problem that the sediment in the water bottom flows backwards inside the column-shaped anchor pile 5, in another alternative embodiment of the present application, the top end of the column-shaped anchor pile 5 is located at a position above 1m above the underwater mud surface; and the pulley member 4 is disposed on top of the columnar anchor 5.

In order to avoid the problem that earth flows backward in the column anchor pile 5, the top height of the column anchor pile 5 in this embodiment is higher than the submarine mud surface by at least 1m, so that even if there is water fluctuation underwater, too much earth is not driven to flow into the column anchor pile 5.

As shown in fig. 1, the top end of the anchor chain 2 is connected to the water floating body 1, and the other end is connected to the weight member 3 through the pulley member 4. The columnar anchor pile 5 is fixedly arranged at the water bottom through a pile driver, the counterweight 3 is arranged inside the columnar anchor pile 5, a sealing bottom plate support is arranged below the counterweight 3, and the distance between the sealing bottom plate and the water bottom mud surface is 10-30 m. Pulley spare 4 is fixed in the top of column anchor pile 5, and pulley spare 4 is apart from submarine silt surface above minimum 1m, prevents that submarine silt from pouring into in column anchor pile 5.

When the horizontal offset of the aquatic float 1 is small, the restoring force of the mooring assembly is entirely provided by the weight of the anchor chain 2 itself. In an extreme environment, the horizontal displacement of the water floating body 1 is large, when the horizontal displacement reaches a certain degree, the counterweight 3 is pulled up, the static tension of the mooring component becomes constant tension, and the restoring force of the mooring component is mainly provided by the counterweight 3. Therefore, when the water floating body 1 moves greatly in the stormy waves, the anchor chain 2 pulls the counterweight 3 to rise and fall, and the tension of the anchor chain 2 in the mooring component keeps changing near the weight of the counterweight 3, so that the tension of the mooring component is greatly reduced.

On the basis, the top of the columnar anchor pile 5 is higher than the mud surface of the water bottom, so that a large amount of soil is prevented from pouring backwards into the columnar anchor pile 5, but along with the prolonging of the service time, in the water bottom with more sundries or severe water fluctuation, soil, aquatic organisms or sundries and the like are inevitably deposited gradually in the columnar anchor pile, and therefore, the bottom of the columnar anchor pile 5 can further comprise a dirt cleaning barrel 6 arranged on a sealing bottom plate; the outer wall of the dirt cleaning barrel 6 is attached to the inner wall of the columnar anchor pile 5; the dirt cleaning barrel 6 is also connected with a pull rope arranged along the inner wall of the columnar anchor pile 5 and used for pulling the dirt cleaning barrel 6 from the sealing bottom plate to clean deposited sludge.

In practical application, the pull rope can be used for regularly pulling the dirt cleaning barrel 6 from the bottom of the columnar anchor pile 5 to the upper end of the columnar anchor pile 5, and then cleaning soil sundries and the like in the dirt cleaning barrel 6; in order to clear up the convenience of the earth debris clearance in the dirty bucket 6, can set up the lateral wall door that can open and close on the lateral wall of this dirty bucket 6, open when clearing up silt debris, the sedimentary earth debris in bottom that conveniently clears up dirty bucket 6 is direct to be cleared up away through this lateral wall door place position, later closes this lateral wall door again to it can to sink to 5 bottoms of column anchor piles 6 again.

Of course, it is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment of arranging the columnar anchor piles 5 to provide the anchor chains 2 with a downward and oblique pulling force for the water floating body 1, and in another alternative embodiment of the present application, the support members include a first support member 51 and a second support member 52; the pulley member 4 includes a first pulley 41 provided on the first support member 51 and a second pulley 42 provided on the second support member 52;

the anchor chain 2 is wound from the water floating body 1 through the first pulley 41 and the second pulley 42 in sequence; and the height of the first pulley is less than the height of the second pulley 42; the height of the second pulley 42 from the bottom mud surface is not less than 10m.

As shown in fig. 3, in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the support member comprises two parts, namely a first support member 51 and a second support member 52, a first pulley 41 is arranged on the first support member 51, a second pulley 42 is arranged on the second support member 52, and the height of the first pulley 41 in the vertical direction is lower than that of the second pulley 42 in the vertical direction, so that the anchor chain 2 is firstly wound around the first pulley by the water floating body, then wound around the second pulley, and finally connected with the counterweight 3, namely, the anchor chain 2 is made into a V shape on the whole 1. Therefore, the anchor chain 2 is pulled down by using the first supporting part 52 and the first pulley 41, so that the anchor chain can apply a downward oblique acting force on the water floating body 1, and the anchor chain 2 is pulled up by using the second supporting part 52 and the second pulley 42, so that a sufficiently long up-and-down movement space is provided for the counterweight 3 in the vertical direction.

It will be understood that the up-and-down movement space of the weight 3 in this embodiment need not extend below the underwater mud surface, and therefore, the first support member 51 and the second support member 52 may be provided in a steel frame structure, and in particular, in a steel arm structure.

In summary, in the application, one end of the anchor chain is connected with the overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the pulley member to be connected with the counterweight member, so that the counterweight member is suspended in water, and therefore, even under the condition of extreme sea conditions, the overwater floating body gradually flows along with waves and changes in horizontal distance with the counterweight member, the counterweight member only moves up and down along the vertical direction, but the tension of the anchor chain is always kept around the gravity of the counterweight member and is not arranged to generate excessive fluctuation, and the tension stability of the mooring equipment under the extreme sea conditions is maintained; in addition, the weight piece which fluctuates up and down is arranged in the water instead of the floating body on the water, so that the negative influence on the floating stability of the floating body on the water along with the up-and-down movement of the weight piece is avoided to a certain extent. On the basis of maintaining the stable tension of the anchor chain of the mooring equipment, the floating stability of the floating body on the water is ensured, the mooring equipment is simple in structure and easy to realize, a complex and high-cost equipment structure is not required, and the wide application in a floating system is facilitated

The application also provides an embodiment of the floating type fan system, which can comprise a floating body platform and a plurality of groups of fan units arranged on the floating body platform; mooring device for a floating system according to any of the preceding claims, in connection with a buoyant platform.

It can be understood that the floating body assembly formed by the floating body platform and the multiple groups of fan units in the floating fan system of the present embodiment may be equivalent to the above-mentioned floating body 1 in the embodiment of the mooring device of the floating system; when the floating body platform bears a plurality of groups of fan units and floats on the sea surface or other horizontal planes, the floating body platform is limited by mooring equipment and can float in a small range. In case of extreme weather like typhoon, the mooring component in the mooring equipment can be used for ensuring that the fan component and the floating platform for bearing the fan are kept stable.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include elements inherent in the list. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising a," "8230," "8230," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element. In addition, parts of the above technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, which are consistent with the implementation principles of corresponding technical solutions in the prior art, are not described in detail so as to avoid redundant description.

The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Mooring device for a floating system, applied to a floating body on water, comprising a mooring assembly; the mooring component comprises a supporting part fixedly arranged on the water bottom; a pulley member fixed to the support member; a counterweight; one end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with the overwater floating body, and the other end of the anchor chain bypasses the pulley piece and the counterweight piece;

the weight part is suspended through the anchor chain and can move up and down along the vertical direction along with the change of the distance between the overwater floating body and the support part in the horizontal direction.

2. Mooring device for a floating system according to claim 1, wherein the support member comprises an internal hollow, provided at the bottom with a sealing bottom plate, a cylindrical anchor pile open at the top; and the columnar anchor piles extend to the position below the underwater mud surface so as to form a movable channel, wherein the weight part extends to the position below the underwater mud surface and can move up and down.

3. Mooring device for a floating system according to claim 2, wherein the sealing bottom plate of the columnar anchor piles is located 10-30 m below the underwater mud level; the top end of the columnar anchor pile is positioned at a position which is 1m higher than the underwater mud surface; and the pulley piece is arranged at the top of the columnar anchor pile.

4. The mooring of a floating system of claim 3, further comprising a decontamination bucket disposed on the sealing floor at the bottom of the columnar anchor pile; the outer wall of the dirt cleaning barrel is attached to the inner wall of the columnar anchor pile; the cleaning bucket is also connected with a pull rope arranged along the inner wall of the columnar anchor pile and used for pulling the cleaning bucket up from the sealing bottom plate to remove deposited sludge.

5. The mooring of a floating system of claim 1, wherein the support member comprises a first support member and a second support member; the pulley part comprises a first pulley arranged on the first supporting part and a second pulley arranged on the second supporting part;

6. Mooring device for a floating system according to claim 5, wherein the support member is a steel arm structure.

7. Mooring apparatus for a floatation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the mooring elements are arranged in a plurality of groups symmetrically about the aquatic float.

8. A floating type fan system is characterized by comprising a floating body platform and a plurality of groups of fan units arranged on the floating body platform; mooring device for a floating system according to any of claims 1-7, connected to said buoyant platform.