CN115922125A

CN115922125A - Refrigerating mechanism and laser welding machine

Info

Publication number: CN115922125A
Application number: CN202211724092.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖辉城; 黄昌海
Original assignee: Shenzhen Jinbaitai Jewelry Industrial Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Jinbaitai Jewelry Industrial Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-30
Filing date: 2022-12-30
Publication date: 2023-04-07

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a refrigerating mechanism and a laser welding machine. The refrigeration mechanism comprises a first pipe body and a second pipe body, and the first pipe body is provided with a first channel extending along a first direction; the second body is equipped with the second passageway that extends the setting along the first direction, and the second body has the conversion opening, the conversion opening is used for supplying external air current input, second passageway inner wall is equipped with the guide slot, the guide slot extends the setting along the first direction spiral, first body is located to the second body cover, the outer wall laminating of first body is in the second passageway inner wall so that the guide slot forms the heat transfer passageway that is used for supplying the air current circulation, the heat transfer passageway is kept away from conversion open-ended port and is linked together with first passageway, the air current of input through the conversion opening constantly receives the striking in heliciform heat transfer passageway, the air current consumes kinetic energy in order to convert into heat energy, heat energy effect transmission makes the second body high temperature to the second body, and air current self temperature reduces, thereby realize exporting the cold air current.

Description

Refrigerating mechanism and laser welding machine

Technical Field

The application belongs to the technical field of laser welding, and particularly relates to a refrigerating mechanism and a laser welding machine.

Background

Laser welding is a relatively efficient and precise welding method for metal workpieces. The laser welding machine generally includes a jig for fixing metal workpieces and a laser lens disposed toward a slot of the jig, wherein the laser lens emits laser with a certain power to weld two metal workpieces to be welded together, which are fixed in the slot of the jig.

At present, when a laser welding machine is used for welding the surfaces of two metal workpieces to be welded, the welding positions of the two metal workpieces to be welded are changed into a molten state due to high temperature of laser irradiation, however, the molten metal has strong fluidity and is easy to flow away from the welding positions, and the molten metal needs a certain time to be cooled, condensed and re-formed into a solid state. Therefore, the molten metal flowing away from the welding position is cooled and condensed into a solid state and then suddenly appears on the surface of the metal workpiece, so that the welding reliability of the welding position and the flatness of the surface of the metal workpiece are seriously influenced, and the welding effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a refrigerating mechanism and a laser welding machine, and aims to solve the problem that the welding effect of the laser welding machine in the prior art is poor.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the refrigerating mechanism comprises a first pipe body and a second pipe body, wherein the first pipe body is provided with a first channel extending along a first direction; the second body is equipped with the second passageway that extends the setting along the first direction, and the second body has the conversion opening, the conversion opening is used for supplying external air current input, second passageway inner wall is equipped with the guide slot, the guide slot extends the setting along the first direction spiral, first body is located to the second body cover, the outer wall laminating of first body is in the second passageway inner wall so that the guide slot forms the heat transfer passageway that is used for supplying the air current circulation, the port that the conversion opening was kept away from to the heat transfer passageway is linked together with first passageway, the one end that first passageway is close to the conversion opening is used for exporting the cold air current.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the channel end of the first channel remote from the transfer opening is provided as a first tapered inner wall surface, the first tapered inner wall surface being disposed gradually diverging in the first direction.

In one embodiment, the refrigeration mechanism further comprises a heat dissipation structure, the heat dissipation structure is mounted at an end of the second tube body far away from the conversion opening, and the heat dissipation structure is used for absorbing heat collected by the second tube body and transferring and/or dissipating the heat outwards.

In one embodiment, the heat dissipation structure includes a heat dissipation device and a heat conduction member, one end of the heat conduction member is connected to one end of the second tube body away from the conversion opening, the heat conduction member is used for absorbing and collecting heat of the second tube body, the heat dissipation device is connected to the other end of the heat conduction member, and the heat dissipation device is used for absorbing and transferring heat of the heat conduction member.

In one embodiment, the refrigeration mechanism further comprises an adapter tube, the adapter tube is provided with a third channel extending along the first direction, one end of the adapter tube is connected to one end of the second tube body close to the conversion opening, and the third channel is communicated with the first channel to convey cold air flow.

In one embodiment, the third channel comprises a first section, a second section and a third section which are communicated with each other in sequence along the first direction, the section of the joint between the first section and the second section is gradually enlarged along the first direction, and the inner wall of the third section is provided with a step structure which is convex along the radial direction.

In one embodiment, the refrigeration mechanism further comprises a hollow sizing pipe, the sizing pipe is communicated with the third section and used for outputting cold air flow, and the sizing pipe can be bent and sized into any shape.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a laser welding machine is provided, the laser welding machine includes the refrigeration mechanism in the above technical solution, and the laser welding machine further includes:

the rack platform is provided with a working table surface and a support frame arranged on the working table surface, and the refrigerating mechanism is arranged on the support frame;

the first driver is arranged on the working table top;

the first mounting seat is provided with a mounting groove for mounting a workpiece to be machined, an air outlet of the refrigeration mechanism is arranged towards the mounting groove, and the driving end of the first driver is in driving connection with the first mounting seat so as to drive the first mounting seat to rotate around the central axis of the driving end of the first driver;

the laser welding module is installed in the support frame, and the laser welding module has the laser welding head towards the mounting groove, and the laser welding module is used for executing laser welding to the work piece of treating of installing in the mounting groove.

In one embodiment, the laser welding machine further comprises:

the second mounting seat is connected to the supporting frame;

a third driver installed on the second installation seat;

and the laser welding module and the refrigeration mechanism are arranged on the third mounting seat at intervals, and the driving end of the third driver is connected with the third mounting seat to drive the third mounting seat to move back and forth along the third direction.

In one embodiment, the laser welding machine further comprises:

the driving end of the second driver is in driving connection with the second mounting seat;

the first mounting seat is arranged on the first rail in a sliding mode, and the second driver drives the second mounting seat to move back and forth along the second direction;

the first driver and the first mounting seat form a plurality of combined parts, and the combined parts are arranged at intervals along the second direction.

In one embodiment, the laser welding machine further includes a plurality of second rails extending along the first direction, and a plurality of fourth drivers corresponding to each other, the plurality of first drivers are installed on the second rails in a one-to-one correspondence, the fourth drivers drive the first drivers to move back and forth along the first direction, and every two of the first direction, the second direction and the third direction are orthogonal to each other.

The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

the refrigerating mechanism comprises a first pipe body and a second pipe body, wherein the first pipe body is sleeved in the second pipe body, so that the outer wall of the first pipe body and the guide groove form a heat exchange channel for air flow circulation, and one end of the heat exchange channel, which is far away from the conversion opening, is communicated with the first channel. The air current of inputing through the conversion opening constantly receives the striking in heliciform heat transfer passageway, and at this in-process, the air current consumes kinetic energy in order to convert heat energy into, and the heat energy effect is transmitted to the second body and is made the second body temperature high, and air current self temperature reduces to realize exporting the cold air current.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the refrigeration mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail view of B of FIG. 2 rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged detail view of C of FIG. 2 rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged detail view of FIG. 2D rotated 90 degrees counterclockwise;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a laser welding machine;

fig. 7 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the adapter, the refrigeration mechanism, the laser welding module and the positioning module.

Wherein, in the figures, the respective reference numerals:

1. a first pipe body; 100. a first channel;

2. a second tube body; 200. a second channel; 21. a conversion opening; 23. a guide groove; 230. a heat exchange channel; 221. a first step surface; 222. a first tapered inner wall surface;

300. a rack platform; 301. a work table; 302. a support frame; 3. a heat dissipation structure; 30. a heat conductive member;

4. a transfer tube; 40. a third channel; 41. a first stage; 411. a second step surface; 412. a second tapered inner wall surface; 42. a second stage; 43. a third stage; 430. a step structure;

44. shaping pipes;

x, a first direction; y, a second direction;

501. a first driver; 51. a first mounting seat; 511. mounting grooves; 52. a second track;

502. a second driver; 503. a third driver; 504. a fourth driver; 53. a second mounting seat; 54. a first track;

551. a transfer seat; 56. a third mounting seat; 57. a laser welding module; 570. a laser welding head; 58. a positioning module.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate a number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

When the refrigeration mechanism of the application runs in the state of FIG. 6, the up-down directions of all components in the refrigeration mechanism are defined; next, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z of the present application are arranged orthogonally to each other.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the refrigeration mechanism of the present application includes a first pipe 1 and a second pipe 2. The first tube 1 is provided with a first channel 100 extending along the first direction X. In addition, the second tube 2 is provided with a second channel 200 extending along the first direction X, and the second tube 2 has a switching opening 21, and the switching opening 21 is used for inputting the external airflow. Specifically, the inner wall of the second channel 200 is provided with a guide groove 23 (as shown in fig. 3), the guide groove 23 extends spirally along the first direction X, and the second pipe body 2 is sleeved on the first pipe body 1. Specifically, the outer wall of the first tube 1 fits the inner wall of the second channel 200 so that the guide groove 23 forms a heat exchange channel 230 (shown in fig. 3) for the circulation of the air flow. It can be seen that the heat exchanging channel 230 is a closed channel extending along the length and having a spiral shape. Specifically, the air flow at normal temperature in the room can enter the second tube 2 through the switching opening 21 under the driving of other pneumatic structures (not shown), and specifically enter the heat exchange channel 230 in the second tube 2. The port of the heat exchanging channel 230 far from the conversion opening 21 is communicated with the first channel 100, and one end of the first channel 100 near the conversion opening 21 is used for outputting cold air flow.

In fact, the air flow inputted through the conversion opening 21 is continuously impacted in the spiral heat exchange channel 230, in the process, the air flow consumes kinetic energy to be converted into heat energy, the heat energy is transferred to the second pipe body 2 to make the temperature of the second pipe body 2 high, and the temperature of the air flow itself is reduced, thereby realizing outputting the cold air flow. Namely, the refrigeration process of forming cold airflow by refrigerating the normal indoor temperature is completed.

Alternatively, the first and second pipe bodies 1 and 2 may be respectively configured as a straight pipe or a bent pipe, and the length and inner diameter thereof are not further limited.

Alternatively, the spiral cross-section of the heat exchange channel 230 may be a regular geometric shape with one side being an arc side, such as a sector, a semicircle, a triangle, a quadrangle, etc.; of course, in other embodiments, the spiral cross-section of the heat exchanging channel 230 may also be a special-shaped geometric shape with one side being an arc side, which is not described in detail herein.

Further, the cross-sectional dimension of the heat exchanging channel 230 in the first direction X is always consistent, but may be varied, that is, the cross-section of one section of the heat exchanging channel 230 in the first direction X maintains a fixed dimension, the cross-section of the other section of the heat exchanging channel 230 maintains another fixed dimension, or the cross-sectional dimension of the heat exchanging channel 230 in the first direction X always maintains a gradually expanding or gradually contracting state.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the inner wall of the channel end of the first channel 100 away from the conversion opening 21 is provided as a first tapered inner wall surface 222, and the first tapered inner wall surface 222 is arranged in a gradually expanding manner along the first direction X, so that the airflow flowing out from the inside of the spiral heat exchange channel 230 is more smoothly turned back to the first channel 100, and then flows along the first channel 100 and is blown out.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the cooling mechanism further includes a heat dissipation structure 3, the heat dissipation structure 3 is installed at an end of the second tube 2 away from the converting opening 21, and the heat dissipation structure 3 is used for absorbing and collecting heat of the second tube 2 and transferring and/or dissipating the heat outwards.

In one embodiment, the heat dissipating structure 3 includes a heat dissipating device (not shown) and a heat conducting member 30, one end of the heat conducting member 30 is connected to one end of the second pipe 2 away from the switching opening 21, the heat conducting member 30 is used for absorbing heat collected from the second pipe 2, the heat dissipating device is connected to the other end of the heat conducting member 30, and the heat dissipating device is used for absorbing heat transferred from the heat conducting member 30. Alternatively, the heat conducting member 30 is a metal member with good heat conductivity, such as copper or aluminum, and may be solid or hollow. Fig. 2 and 3 of the present application illustrate a case where the heat conductive member 30 has a hollow structure.

Specifically, the heat dissipation device (not shown) may be a fan to convey air flow toward the heat conduction member 30 to realize air-cooling heat dissipation; the heat sink may also be a water-cooled device that flows a heat-exchange liquid through the heat-conducting member to absorb and carry away heat from the heat-conducting member 30.

Alternatively, when the heat conductive member 30 is provided to be hollow, a first step surface 221 provided to be convex in a radial direction thereof is provided at a communication position of the heat conductive member 30 and the first pipe body 1, that is, a top position of the first tapered inner wall surface 222. In addition, at this time, the inner diameter of the hollow lumen of the heat conducting member 30, that is, the size of the opening at the position communicating with the first tube body 1, needs to be set to be small, so as to prevent the cold air flow from being converged to the hollow lumen of the heat conducting member 30.

In one embodiment, the refrigeration mechanism further includes an adapter tube 4, the adapter tube 4 has a third channel 40 extending along the first direction X, one end of the adapter tube 4 is connected to one end of the second tube body 2 close to the switching opening 21, and the third channel 40 is communicated with the first channel 100 for conveying the cold airflow transmitted by the first channel 100. Further, it can be seen that the switching opening 21 can be opened on the peripheral side wall of the second tube 2.

In a specific conveying process, the indoor air flow with a normal temperature enters the heat exchange channel 230 through the conversion opening 21, and first flows spirally along the direction opposite to the first direction X, so as to convert the air flow with the normal temperature into a cold air flow with a lower temperature. The cold air flow then flows inside the first channel 100 in the positive direction of the first direction X until it is discharged after passing through the adapter tube 4.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the third channel 40 includes a first section 41, a second section 42 and a third section 43 which are sequentially communicated with each other along the first direction X, and a cross section of a connection between the first section 41 and the second section 42 is gradually enlarged along the first direction X, that is, a second tapered inner wall surface 412 (shown in fig. 4) is provided at the connection between the first section 41 and the second section 42. And, the flow path of the third channel 40 in the first section 41 is smaller than the flow path of the third channel 40 corresponding to the second section 42, so that the cold airflow passing through the first section 41 obtains a lower flow velocity to prevent the molten metal from being blown away, further ensuring the welding effect.

Optionally, a second step surface 411 protruding along a radial direction of the first section 41 and the second section 42 is further provided at a connection point therebetween. The inner wall of the third section 43 is provided with a radially projecting step structure 430. And, the flow path of the third passage 40 in the third section 43 is smaller than the flow path of the third passage 40 corresponding to the second section 42, so that the cold gas flow passing through the first section 41 obtains a relatively high flow velocity to ensure that the molten metal in the molten state can be blown just.

In one embodiment, the refrigeration mechanism further includes a hollow sizing tube 44, and the sizing tube 44 is connected to the third section 43 for outputting the cold airflow. In addition, the sizing tube 44 can be bent and sized into any shape, so that the user can use the sizing tube, and the outlet position of the sizing tube 44 can be adjusted by the user according to the position of the product.

According to another aspect of the present application, a laser welding machine is provided, the laser welding machine includes the refrigeration mechanism in the above embodiments, and the laser welding machine further includes a rack platform 300, wherein the rack platform 300 is provided with a work table 301 and a support frame 302 arranged on the work table 301, and the refrigeration mechanism is mounted on the support frame 302. The laser welder further comprises a first driver 501 mounted to the work table 301 and a first mount 51 in driving connection with the first driver 501. Wherein, the first mounting seat 51 is provided with a mounting groove 511 for mounting a member to be processed.

The laser welder also includes a laser welding module 57 mounted to the support bracket 302. The laser welding module 57 has a laser welding head 570 facing the mounting groove 511, and the laser welding module 57 is used for performing laser welding on the member to be machined mounted in the mounting groove 511. Particularly, the air outlet of the refrigeration mechanism (i.e. the port of the sizing tube 44 departing from the adapter tube 4) is arranged toward the mounting groove 511, and the first driver 501 drives the first mounting seat 51 to rotate around the central axis of the driving end of the first driver 501, so as to assist the laser welding head 570 to complete the welding work of one circle of the peripheral side of the workpiece to be processed, thereby improving the welding efficiency.

In one embodiment, the laser welder further includes a second mount 53, a third actuator 503 mounted to the second mount 53, and a third mount 56. Specifically, the second mount 53 is connected to the support bracket 302. The laser welding module 57 and the refrigeration mechanism are disposed at an interval in the third mounting seat 56, and the driving end of the third driver 503 is connected to the third mounting seat 56 to drive the third mounting seat 56 to move back and forth along the third direction Z. For the present application, the third direction Z is a vertical direction, and the third driver 503 drives the laser welding module 57 and the refrigeration mechanism to be close to or far away from the workpiece to be processed inside the mounting slot 511, so as to facilitate the workpiece to be processed in the mounting slot 511 to take or discharge the workpiece.

In one embodiment, the laser welder further includes a second driver 502 and the first rail 54 extending along the second direction Y. The second driver 502 is mounted on the supporting frame 302, and a driving end of the second driver 502 is drivingly connected to the second mounting seat 53. The second mounting base 53 is slidably mounted on the first rail 54, and the second driver 502 drives the second mounting base 53 to move back and forth along the second direction Y. In the present application, in order to save the manufacturing cost, the respective numbers of the laser welding modules 57 and the refrigeration mechanisms are configured as one, and for example, the combined member of the first driver 501 and the first mount base 51 in the present embodiment is provided in plural, and the plural combined members are arranged at intervals in the second direction Y. The control system is arranged to reciprocate the laser welding module 57 and the cooling mechanism along the first rail 54 to complete the welding operation of the parts to be machined of the plurality of combined parts.

In practice, the laser welding machine further comprises an adapter 551 and a third mounting seat 56, wherein the adapter 551 is located on the third mounting seat 56, and the refrigeration mechanism is mounted on the adapter 551. During operation, the second mounting seat 53, together with the third driver 503 and the third mounting seat 56, moves along the first rail 54, and the cooling mechanism moves synchronously therewith.

In one embodiment, the laser welding machine further includes a plurality of second rails 52 extending along the first direction X, and a fourth driver 504 corresponding to the plurality of second rails 52, wherein the plurality of fourth drivers 504 are mounted on the second rails 52 in a one-to-one correspondence, and the fourth driver 504 drives the first driver 501 to move back and forth along the first direction X. Specifically, a feeding inlet (not shown) for a workpiece to be machined is arranged on a side, away from the support frame 302, of the second rail 52 of the apparatus, so that a feeding mechanism or a feeding person can conveniently feed the workpiece, that is, the workpiece to be machined is installed inside the installation slot 511, at this time, the fourth driver 504 drives the first driver 501, and the first installation seat 51 is communicated to move to a position to be machined along the first direction X toward the support frame 302; at this time, the control system starts the welding operation for the workpiece to be machined inside the mounting groove 511 such that the laser welding module 57 and the cooling mechanism move in the third direction Z and reach the position to be machined. Meanwhile, when the laser welding module 57 welds a workpiece to be machined in one of the mounting grooves 511, the other first mounting seat 51 can exit the position to be machined under the driving of the corresponding other fourth driver 504 to perform the loading operation of the workpiece to be machined, so that the combined components consisting of the two fourth drivers 504, the first driver 501 and the first mounting seat 51 are cyclically and alternately welded, and efficient welding operation is realized.

The drawings in the present application set the combined components of the fourth driver 504, the first driver 501 and the first mounting seat 51 to two groups, which are only used for the understanding of the reader, and are not limited thereto, and in fact, the number of the combined components of the fourth driver 504, the first driver 501 and the first mounting seat 51 may be set to multiple groups, such as three groups, four groups, etc., according to the actual production requirements, which are not listed here.

Further, the refrigeration mechanism in the present application is extended along the first direction X, and is used only for explaining one of the positional relationships between the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 defining the refrigeration mechanism and other parts of the welding machine of the present device, and the installation position of the refrigeration mechanism is not limited thereto. That is, the installation direction of refrigerating mechanism also can be along second direction Y or along third direction Z, and the technical scheme of this application does not do the restriction, only needs to adjust the position of the gas outlet of sizing pipe 44 through sizing pipe 44 can.

The laser welding module 57 in the present application is the prior art, and does not belong to the protection focus of the solution, and those skilled in the art can implement the laser welding module by the conventional technical means. In addition, specifically, in the present application, the automation of each driving module may be implemented by using a PLC controller, a control microcomputer, a nand gate control switch, an MCU control chip, etc. which are mature in application in the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted here.

In addition, the laser welding machine of the present application further includes a positioning module 58 (as shown in fig. 7) for positioning and adjusting the first mounting seat 51 before welding, which helps to improve the production efficiency.

In fact, when the laser welding machine is used for welding the surfaces of two metal workpieces to be welded, the welding positions of the two metal workpieces to be welded can be changed into a molten state due to the high temperature of laser irradiation, and then the refrigerating mechanism is used for conveying cold air flow towards the welding positions of the metal workpieces to be welded, so that the time for cooling, condensing and reforming the cold air flow into a solid state can be shortened, the molten metal is prevented from being suddenly formed on the surfaces of the metal workpieces after being cooled and condensed into a solid state, the welding reliability of the welding positions and the flatness of the surfaces of the metal workpieces are greatly improved, and the welding effect is improved.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refrigeration mechanism, comprising:

a first pipe body (1) provided with a first channel (100) extending along a first direction (X);

the second pipe body (2) is provided with a second channel (200) extending along the first direction (X), the second pipe body (2) is provided with a conversion opening (21), the conversion opening (21) is used for inputting an external air flow, the inner wall of the second channel (200) is provided with a guide groove (23), the guide groove (23) extends spirally along the first direction (X), the second pipe body (2) is sleeved on the first pipe body (1), the outer wall of the first pipe body (1) is attached to the inner wall of the second channel (200) so that the guide groove (23) forms a heat exchange channel (230) for circulating the air flow, the port of the heat exchange channel (230) far away from the conversion opening (21) is communicated with the first channel (100), and one end of the first channel (100) close to the conversion opening (21) is used for outputting a cold air flow.

2. A refrigeration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel end inner wall of the first channel (100) remote from the changeover opening (21) is provided as a first tapering inner wall surface (222), the first tapering inner wall surface (222) being arranged diverging in the first direction (X).

3. A refrigeration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a heat dissipation structure (3), said heat dissipation structure (3) being mounted at an end of said second tube (2) remote from said switching opening (21), said heat dissipation structure (3) being adapted to absorb heat collected in said second tube (2) and to transfer and/or dissipate said heat outwards.

4. A refrigerating mechanism as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that said heat dissipating structure (3) comprises a heat dissipating means and a heat conducting member (30), one end of said heat conducting member (30) is connected to one end of said second pipe body (2) remote from said switching opening (21), said heat conducting member (30) is adapted to absorb heat collected from said second pipe body (2), said heat dissipating means is connected to the other end of said heat conducting member (30), and said heat dissipating means is adapted to absorb heat transferred from said heat conducting member (30).

5. A refrigeration mechanism according to any of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an adapter tube (4), wherein the adapter tube (4) has a third passage (40) extending in the first direction (X), one end of the adapter tube (4) is connected to the end of the second tube body (2) close to the switching opening (21), and the third passage (40) is in communication with the first passage (100) for conveying a cold air flow.

6. A refrigeration mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that said third channel (40) comprises a first section (41), a second section (42) and a third section (43) which are in communication with each other in sequence along said first direction (X), the cross section of the junction between said first section (41) and said second section (42) is arranged in a manner of gradually expanding along said first direction (X), and the inner wall of said third section (43) is provided with a step structure (430) which is convex in the radial direction.

7. The refrigerating mechanism according to claim 6, further comprising a hollow sizing pipe (44), wherein the sizing pipe (44) is communicated with the third section (43) for outputting cold air flow, and the sizing pipe (44) can be bent and sized into any shape.

8. A laser welding machine characterized in that the laser welding machine includes the refrigeration mechanism of any one of claims 1 to 7, the laser welding machine further comprising:

the refrigeration machine comprises a rack platform (300) and a refrigeration mechanism, wherein the rack platform is provided with a working table (301) and a support frame (302) arranged on the working table (301), and the refrigeration mechanism is arranged on the support frame (302);

a first driver (501) mounted on the work table (301);

the first mounting seat (51) is provided with a mounting groove (511) for mounting a workpiece to be machined, an air outlet of the refrigeration mechanism is arranged towards the mounting groove (511), and a driving end of the first driver (501) is in driving connection with the first mounting seat (51) so as to drive the first mounting seat (51) to rotate around a central axis of the driving end of the first driver (501);

the laser welding module (57) is installed on the supporting frame (302), the laser welding module (57) is provided with a laser welding head (570) facing the installation groove (511), and the laser welding module (57) is used for performing laser welding on a workpiece to be machined, which is installed on the installation groove (511).

9. The laser welder according to claim 8, characterized in that the laser welder further comprises:

a second mount (53) connected to the support frame (302);

a third driver (503) mounted to the second mounting base (53);

and the laser welding module (57) and the refrigeration mechanism are arranged on the third mounting seat (56) at intervals, and the driving end of the third driver (503) is connected with the third mounting seat (56) so as to drive the third mounting seat (56) to move back and forth along a third direction (Z).

10. The laser welder of claim 9, characterized in that the laser welder further comprises:

the second driver (502) is arranged on the support frame (302), and the driving end of the second driver (502) is in driving connection with the second mounting seat (53);

the first rail (54) extends along a second direction (Y), the second mounting base (53) is slidably mounted on the first rail (54), and the second driver (502) drives the second mounting base (53) to move back and forth along the second direction (Y);

wherein the combined component composed of the first driver (501) and the first mounting seat (51) is provided in plurality, and the plurality of combined components are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y).

11. The laser welding machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the laser welding machine further comprises a plurality of second rails (52) extending along the first direction (X) and a plurality of fourth drivers (504) corresponding to each other, the plurality of first drivers (501) are mounted on the second rails (52) in a one-to-one correspondence, the fourth drivers (504) drive the first drivers (501) to move back and forth along the first direction (X), and the first direction (X), the second direction (Y) and the third direction (Z) are arranged orthogonally to each other.