CN115920602A - Light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
Abstract
The invention discloses a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of hygroscopic materials. The light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material comprises a gel body, and lithium chloride is loaded in pores and on the surface of the gel body; wherein, the gel body comprises MXene and polyacrylamide. MXene is introduced in hydrogel preparation, and the light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material is prepared after a moisture-absorption material is loaded, has good photo-thermal conversion performance, only depends on sunlight to resolve and adsorb water, does not need to consume energy, and is green and energy-saving; meanwhile, the moisture absorption performance is excellent in high and low humidity environment, and the humidity range is not limited. The composite material can be widely applied to atmospheric water collection and has very good market application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of moisture absorption materials, in particular to a light-driven high-moisture-absorption composite atmospheric water collection material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The commonly used moisture absorption material such as lithium chloride has a relatively small radius of lithium ions, so that the material has a relatively strong attraction to electrons, and O occupies a large amount of electrons in water, so that lithium ions have a very strong ability to absorb water. Lithium chloride is commonly used as a moisture-absorbing material and has excellent properties.
However, the current moisture absorption material generally needs energy consumption to realize analysis, and is not in accordance with the concept of green environmental protection. In addition, the current moisture absorption materials have the problem that the moisture absorption effect is not ideal.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, a preparation method and application thereof, aims to drive desorption and adsorption of water by utilizing sunlight, and has very good moisture absorption performance.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, which comprises a gel body, wherein lithium chloride is loaded in pores and on the surface of the gel body;
wherein, the gel body comprises MXene and polyacrylamide.
In alternative embodiments, the mass ratio of polyacrylamide, MXene and lithium chloride is 1;
preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the MXene to the lithium chloride is 1.01-0.03.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material according to any one of the preceding embodiments, including: preparing gel body containing MXene and polyacrylamide, and loading lithium chloride on the gel body.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparation of the gel body comprises: mixing MXene dispersion liquid with acrylamide monomer, reacting in the presence of a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a catalyst to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel, swelling the PAM-MXene hydrogel, and freeze-drying;
preferably, after mixing and dissolving the MXene dispersion liquid and the acrylamide monomer, introducing inert gas into the mixed solution to remove oxygen in the system; mixing the mixed solution with a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a catalyst, performing ultrasonic treatment, and standing to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel;
preferably, the ultrasonic treatment time is 1-3min, and the standing time is 8-20h.
In an optional embodiment, PAM-MXene hydrogel is soaked in water for 60-80h after being washed, and the water is replaced every 6-10h to fully swell; freezing the swelled hydrogel for 8-15h, and freeze-drying for 60-80h.
In an alternative embodiment, the concentration of MXene in the MXene dispersion is 1-3mg/mL, and the mass ratio of MXene to acrylamide monomer is 1.
In an alternative embodiment, the crosslinking agent is selected from at least one of N, N-Methylene Bisacrylamide (MBA), divinylbenzene, and diisocyanate;
preferably, the initiator is selected from at least one of potassium persulfate and Ammonium Persulfate (APS);
preferably, the catalyst is selected from at least one of N, N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, N', N ″ -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine and N, -dimethylbenzylamine.
In an alternative embodiment, the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to the acrylamide monomer is 0.5 to 0.7, the mass ratio of the initiator to the acrylamide monomer is 3 to 5.
In an alternative embodiment, the process of loading lithium chloride on the gel body comprises: soaking the aerogel after freeze drying in a lithium chloride aqueous solution, taking out and drying;
preferably the concentration of the lithium chloride aqueous solution is 1-3mol/mL;
preferably, the soaking time is 20-30h, the drying temperature is 70-90 ℃ after taking out, and the drying time is 60-80h.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a light-driven high hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water collection material in any one of the preceding embodiments or a light-driven high hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water collection material prepared by the preparation method in any one of the preceding embodiments, for use in atmospheric water collection.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: MXene is introduced in hydrogel preparation, and the light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material is prepared after a moisture-absorption material is loaded, has good photo-thermal conversion performance, only depends on sunlight to resolve and adsorb water, does not need to consume energy, and is green and energy-saving; meanwhile, the moisture absorption performance is excellent, the moisture absorption performance in high and low humidity environments is excellent, and the humidity range is not limited. The composite material can be widely applied to atmospheric water collection and has very good market application value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the preparation of a composite hydrogel material;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of PAM-MXene and PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the result of the PAM-MXene dynamic contact angle test;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of UV-Vis-NIR testing of the materials prepared in example 1 and comparative example;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of moisture absorption tests on the material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 6 is the moisture absorption isotherms of PAM-MXene matrix and PAM-MXene-LiCl aerogel loaded with LiCl under different humidity conditions;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing the moisture absorption capacity of the composite atmospheric water-collecting material of the present invention with that of other research institutes;
FIG. 8 shows the surface temperature of PAM-MXene-LiCl and the surface temperature of PAM-LiCl at 1kW/m under different illumination intensities 2 Illuminating a surface temperature contrast map;
FIG. 9 is a thermal image of PAM-MXene-LiCl irradiated for 180min at different illumination intensities;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of the release property test of PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the result of the cyclic durability test of PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in test example 1;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of moisture absorption and release tests performed in an outdoor test for PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in test example 1;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the results of outdoor test moisture absorption and average moisture absorption rate of PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in test example 1;
FIG. 14 is a diagram of a test apparatus for outdoor testing;
FIG. 15 is a diagram showing the result of water quality detection of PAM-MXene-LiCl collected water;
FIG. 16 is a graph comparing moisture absorption of PAM-MXene-LiCl at different concentrations (1-3 mol/L) of LiCl;
FIG. 17 is a comparison of moisture absorption of PAM-LiCl and PAM-MXene-LiCl;
FIG. 18 is a comparison of moisture absorption of PAM-PPy-LiCl and PAM-MXene-LiCl;
FIG. 19 shows PAM-MXene-CaCl 2 Moisture absorption comparison graph with PAM-MXene-LiCl.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing gel body
The gel body containing MXene and polyacrylamide is prepared, and the hydrogel can be prepared by using an Acrylamide Monomer (AM) as a raw material through free radical polymerization.
It is necessary to supplement that MXene, as a novel two-dimensional titanium carbide nano material, has the advantages of excellent conductivity, good self-lubricating property, large specific surface area, good water dispersibility, high photothermal conversion efficiency and the like, and is generally used in the fields of energy storage, electromagnetic shielding, lubrication, antibiosis, catalysis and the like. In recent years, the material also has great application potential in the field of solar water-vapor conversion, and is one of the materials with the highest photo-thermal water-vapor conversion efficiency reported at present. But no study on the photoresponse application of the MXene-based atmospheric water collection has been reported.
In the actual operation process, the preparation process of the gel body comprises the following steps: mixing the MXene dispersion liquid with an acrylamide monomer, reacting in the presence of a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a catalyst to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel, cleaning the PAM-MXene hydrogel, swelling, and freeze-drying. The pores can be opened through swelling, and the gel material with more ideal pores is obtained after freeze drying, so that the moisture absorption performance is improved.
In some embodiments, after mixing and dissolving the MXene dispersion liquid and the acrylamide monomer, introducing inert gas into the mixed solution to remove oxygen in the system; mixing the mixed solution with a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a catalyst, performing ultrasonic treatment, and standing to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel; the ultrasonic treatment time is 1-3min, and the standing time is 8-20h. The inert gas can be nitrogen, and oxygen in water is removed by nitrogen blowing, so that the influence on the free radical reaction is avoided; the reaction can be completed through short-time ultrasound, and the gel material with more stable structure can be obtained after standing.
Specifically, the ultrasonic time can be 1min, 2min, 3min and the like, and the standing time can be 8h, 10h, 15h, 20h and the like.
In some embodiments, the crosslinker is selected from at least one of N, N-Methylene Bis Acrylamide (MBA), divinylbenzene, and diisocyanate, the initiator is selected from at least one of potassium persulfate (KPS) and Ammonium Persulfate (APS), and the catalyst is selected from at least one of N, N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, N', N "-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and N, -dimethylbenzylamine. The types of the crosslinking agent, the initiator and the catalyst can be any one or more of the above, and are not limited herein.
In some embodiments, the concentration of MXene in the MXene dispersion is 1-3mg/mL, and the mass ratio of MXene to acrylamide monomer is 1. The mass ratio of the cross-linking agent to the acrylamide monomer is 0.5-0.7, the mass ratio of the initiator to the acrylamide monomer is 3-5. By further controlling the dosage of MXene, acrylamide monomer, cross-linking agent, initiator and catalyst, acrylamide polymerization is better promoted, and the reaction is more complete.
Specifically, the concentration of MXene in the MXene dispersion can be 1mg/mL, 2mg/mL, 3mg/mL, etc., and the mass ratio of MXene to acrylamide monomer can be 1; the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to the acrylamide monomer may be 0.5; the volume of the catalyst per gram of acrylamide monomer can be 90. Mu.L, 95. Mu.L, 100. Mu.L, 105. Mu.L, 110. Mu.L, etc.
In the actual operation process, the cross-linking agent and the initiator can be dissolved by a small amount of water and then added into the system, so that the raw materials can be quickly and uniformly mixed, and the full reaction is facilitated.
The raw materials are all commercial raw materials, MXene is in the form of dispersion liquid, the concentration is 5mg/mL, and the model is Ti 3 C 2 Tx, monolayer size 500-2000nm, available from Newen technologies, inc., but the raw materials are not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the PAM-MXene hydrogel is washed with water, soaked in water for 60-80h, and the water is replaced every 6-10h to fully swell; freezing the swelled hydrogel for 8-15h, and freeze-drying for 60-80h. Unreacted monomers are removed through water washing, and in the soaking process, the unreacted monomers are further removed, and on the other hand, the material absorbs water to expand, so that pores are opened.
Specifically, the soaking time in water can be 60h, 70h, 80h and the like, and the interval time for changing water can be 6h, 8h, 10h and the like. The swelled hydrogel can be frozen in a refrigerator, the freezing time can be 8h, 10h, 12h, 15h and the like, the freeze-drying time can be 60h, 70h, 80h and the like, and the freeze-drying temperature is approximately-30 ℃ to-40 ℃.
As shown in FIG. 1, PAM-MXene hydrogel, freeze-dried PAM-MXene aerogel and LiCl-loaded PAM-MXene-LiCl aerogel were prepared in this order.
S2, carrying moisture absorption material
Lithium chloride is loaded on the gel body, a lithium chloride solution can be loaded in a soaking mode, and the lithium chloride is attached to the gel body after moisture is removed through drying.
In some embodiments, the process of loading lithium chloride on the gel body comprises: soaking the freeze-dried aerogel in a lithium chloride aqueous solution, taking out and drying; the concentration of the lithium chloride aqueous solution is 1-3mol/mL, the soaking time is 20-30h, the lithium chloride aqueous solution is taken out and dried at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ for 60-80h.
Specifically, the concentration of the lithium chloride aqueous solution may be 1mol/mL, 2mol/mL, 3mol/mL, or the like, the soaking time may be 20 hours, 25 hours, or 30 hours, or the like, the drying temperature after the taking-out may be 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, or the like, and the drying time may be 60 hours, 70 hours, or 80 hours, or the like.
The embodiment of the invention provides a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material which comprises a gel body, wherein lithium chloride is loaded in pores and on the surface of the gel body; wherein, the gel body comprises MXene and polyacrylamide, and can be prepared by the preparation method. The composite atmospheric water-collecting material can realize sunlight drive, MXene is introduced to serve as a photothermal component to endow hydrogel with good photothermal conversion performance, water is absorbed only by sunlight resolution, energy consumption is not needed, and the composite atmospheric water-collecting material is green and energy-saving; the moisture absorption performance is excellent, the moisture absorption performance is excellent under the environment with high and low humidity, and the humidity range is not limited. The light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material can be further applied to atmospheric water collection.
In an alternative embodiment, the mass ratio of polyacrylamide, MXene and lithium chloride is 1; preferably, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the MXene to the lithium chloride is 1.01-0.03. Specifically, the mass ratio of polyacrylamide, MXene and lithium chloride can be 1.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 2mL of MXene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 5mg/mL into a glass bottle, and adding 3mL of deionized water for ultrasonic treatment for 1h to uniformly disperse MXene; then 0.5g of AM is weighed and added into the dispersion liquid, the AM monomer is fully dissolved by ultrasonic treatment for 1min, and then nitrogen is continuously introduced into the solution to remove oxygen in water. After the nitrogen blowing is finished, 0.8mL of crosslinking agent MBA aqueous solution of 3.8mg/mL, 0.4mL of initiator KPS aqueous solution of 50mg/mL and 50 mu L of catalyst TEMED which are prepared in advance are rapidly added in sequence, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 2min after being slightly stirred, and is kept stand overnight (about 12 h) to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel which is marked as PAM-MXene.
(2) The PAM-MXene hydrogel was rinsed with a large amount of deionized water to remove unreacted monomers and soaked for 72h with water change every 8h to fully swell. After being frozen in a refrigerator for 12h, the mixture is freeze-dried for 72h.
(3) Soaking the freeze-dried aerogel in 10mL of 2mol/mL LiCl aqueous solution for 24h, taking out, and placing in a drying oven at 80 ℃ for 72h, wherein the mark is PAM-MXene-LiCl.
Example 2
The only difference from example 1 is: the concentration of the LiCl aqueous solution in the step (3) is 1mol/mL.
Example 3
The only difference from example 1 is: the concentration of the LiCl aqueous solution in the step (3) is 3mol/mL.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Measuring 2mL of MXene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 5mg/mL into a glass bottle, and adding 8mL of deionized water for ultrasonic treatment for 1 hour to uniformly disperse MXene; then 0.4g of AM is weighed and added into the dispersion liquid, the AM monomer is fully dissolved by ultrasonic treatment for 1min, and then nitrogen is continuously introduced into the solution to remove oxygen in water. After the nitrogen blowing is finished, 0.5mL of crosslinking agent MBA aqueous solution of 3.8mg/mL, 0.24mL of initiator KPS aqueous solution of 50mg/mL and 36 μ L of catalyst TEMED which are prepared in advance are rapidly added in sequence, the mixture is stirred slightly and then is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 1min, and the mixture is kept stand overnight (about 8 h) to obtain the PAM-MXene hydrogel.
(2) The PAM-MXene hydrogel was rinsed with a large amount of deionized water to remove unreacted monomers and soaked for 60h with water change every 6h to fully swell. Freezing in refrigerator for 8 hr, and freeze drying for 60 hr.
(3) Soaking the freeze-dried aerogel in 10mL of 1mol/mL LiCl aqueous solution for 20h, taking out, and placing in a 70 ℃ drying oven for 80h to obtain PAM-MXene-LiCl.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Weighing 2mL of MXene dispersion liquid with the concentration of 5mg/mL into a glass bottle, and adding 1.3mL of deionized water for ultrasonic treatment for 1h to uniformly disperse MXene; then 0.6g of AM is weighed and added into the dispersion liquid, the AM monomer is fully dissolved by ultrasonic treatment for 1min, and then nitrogen is continuously introduced into the solution to remove oxygen in water. After the nitrogen blowing is finished, 1.1mL of crosslinking agent MBA aqueous solution of 3.8mg/mL, 0.6mL of initiator KPS aqueous solution of 50mg/mL and 66 mu L of catalyst TEMED which are prepared in advance are rapidly added in sequence, and the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 3min after being slightly stirred and is kept stand overnight (about 20 h) to obtain the PAM-MXene hydrogel.
(2) The PAM-MXene hydrogel was rinsed with a large amount of deionized water to remove unreacted monomers and soaked for 80h with water change every 10h to fully swell. After being frozen in a refrigerator for 15h, the mixture is frozen and dried for 80h.
(3) Soaking the aerogel after freeze drying in 10mL of a LiCl aqueous solution of 3mol/mL, taking out after 30 hours of soaking, and placing in a drying oven at 90 ℃ for 60 hours to obtain PAM-MXene-LiCl.
Comparative example 1
The only difference from example 1 is: MXene was not added and the product obtained was designated PAM-LiCl.
Comparative example 2
The only difference from example 1 is: MXene was replaced by PPy (polypyrrole).
Comparative example 3
The only difference from example 1 is: lithium chloride was replaced with calcium chloride.
Test example 1
(1) The scanning electron microscope images of PAM-MXene and PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the product exhibits a loose porous structure and interconnected pore channels.
(2) The dynamic contact angle test was performed on PAM-MXene after freeze-drying, and the results are shown in FIG. 3.
The test method comprises the following steps: the hydrophilicity of the matrix is determined by testing the dynamic contact angle of the aerogel through a contact angle measuring instrument (model JY-82). The freeze-dried PAM-MXene was cut into 2mm thick flakes with a drop volume of 16ul and tested by video recording, with images being acquired every 50 ms.
It can be seen that the water drop is rapidly absorbed by PAM-MXene matrix within 2s of drop, the contact angle at the moment of contacting the drop is 68.57 degrees, and the hydrophilicity is very good.
(3) The PAM-MXene prepared in example 1 was subjected to UV-VIS-NIR spectroscopy, and the results are shown in FIG. 4.
As demonstrated by the UV-vis-NIR spectrum of fig. 4, the PAM-MXene hydrogel matrix has strong absorption intensity in the range of 240nm to 1400nm and significant light absorption intensity over the entire spectral range compared to the matrix without MXene loading. Meaning that MXene incorporation allows all the sunlight falling on the hydrogel to be collected for photothermal conversion, providing sufficient energy for the release of adsorbed water.
(4) The moisture absorption properties of PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 6 and FIG. 7.
The results show that: under the conditions of relative humidity of 30%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 90% at 25 ℃, the adsorption rates corresponding to the saturation of PAM-MXene-LiCl are respectively 5.86g -1 、4.01gg -1 、2.36g g -1 、1.50g g -1 、1.00g g -1 。
(5) The release properties of PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1 were tested and the results are shown in fig. 8, 9 and 10.
As can be seen from FIGS. 8 to 10, PAM-MXene-LiCl was respectively 0.5KW/m 2 、1KW/m 2 、1.5KW/m 2 、2KW/m 2 Under the light intensity, the surface temperature reached 51.8 deg.C, 59.2 deg.C, 72.5 deg.C, and 84.2 deg.C, respectively, after 180 min. The aerogel has good photo-thermal conversion performance.
(6) The PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1 was tested for cyclic durability and the results are shown in FIG. 11.
The gel is subjected to 5 times of adsorption-desorption durability cycle experiments, and the result shows that similar water absorption and residual amount appear in each cycle, no obvious reduction is caused, and the gel has high reusability.
(7) Outdoor tests were performed on PAM-MXene-LiCl prepared in example 1, as shown in FIG. 12, FIG. 13, and FIG. 14.
At night with the average temperature of 30.27 ℃ and the relative humidity of 62.2%, 7.36g of PAM-MXene-LiCl aerogel round sheets are fully contacted with the air, and 15.35g of atmospheric water is absorbed from seven o 'clock at night to eight o' clock at the next morning, and the water absorption rate is 2.08g/g.
The release test was completed from nine am to six pm (average temperature 36.48 ℃, light intensity 0.775 kW/m) 2 ) The aerogel is placed in a closed water collecting device, 8.28g of water is collected, and the water collecting rate is 1.125L/kg.
Collecting water quality detection: leakage of LiCl was avoided by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), ion chromatography, and detection of the concentration of lithium and chloride ions in the collected water, as shown in fig. 15. The results showed that the lithium ion concentration was 1.6117mg L -1 . Concentration of chloride ion19.6625mg L -1 Below the drinking water chloride concentration limit (250 mg L) specified by the world health organization -1 ). The collected water is safe and meets the requirement of drinking water.
(8) Test example 2 and example 3 different concentrations (1-3 mol/L) of LiCl PAM-MXene-LiCl at 25 ℃ with relative humidity RH =60% were compared for moisture absorption as shown in fig. 16. The moisture absorption rates respectively reach 1.5062g/g, 2.36g/g and 1.69g/g. Therefore, liCl concentration of 2mol/L is optimum.
(9) The comparative example 1 was tested for comparison of the moisture absorption of PAM-LiCl with that of the example PAM-MXene-LiCl at a relative humidity of RH =60% and 25 ℃ and the results are shown in FIG. 17. As is clear from FIG. 17, the moisture absorption rates were 2.36g/g and 2.03g/g, respectively.
(10) PAM-PPy-LiCl in comparative example 2 was tested in comparison with PAM-MXene-LiCl in example in terms of moisture absorption at 25 ℃ with relative humidity RH =90%, as shown in FIG. 18. As can be seen from FIG. 18, the moisture absorption rates of PAM-MXene-LiCl and PAM-PPy-LiCl were 5.86g/g and 4.40g/g, respectively.
(11) Testing of PAM-MXene-CaCl in comparative example 3 2 Compared with PAM-MXene-LiCl in the example, the moisture absorption of the PAM-MXene-LiCl material is realized under the conditions of relative humidity RH =90% and 25 ℃, and the moisture absorption is shown in FIG. 19. PAM-MXene-LiCl, PAM-MXene-CaCl 2 The moisture absorption rates were 5.86g/g and 1.80g/g, respectively.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material is characterized by comprising a gel body, wherein lithium chloride is loaded on the pores and the surface of the gel body;
wherein the gel body comprises MXene and polyacrylamide.
2. The light-driven high-hygroscopicity composite atmospheric water-collecting material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of polyacrylamide, MXene and lithium chloride is 1;
preferably, the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to MXene to lithium chloride is 1.01-0.03.
3. A method for preparing the light-driven high-hygroscopicity compound atmospheric water-collecting material as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: preparing the gel body containing MXene and polyacrylamide, and loading lithium chloride on the gel body.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the preparing of the gel body comprises: mixing MXene dispersion liquid with acrylamide monomer, reacting in the presence of a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a catalyst to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel, and swelling and freeze-drying the PAM-MXene hydrogel;
preferably, after the MXene dispersion liquid and the acrylamide monomer are mixed and dissolved, introducing inert gas into the mixed solution to remove oxygen in a system; mixing the mixed solution with a cross-linking agent, an initiator and a catalyst, performing ultrasonic treatment, and standing to obtain PAM-MXene hydrogel;
preferably, the ultrasonic time is 1-3min, and the standing time is 8-20h.
5. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the PAM-MXene hydrogel is washed with water, soaked in water for 60-80h, and the water is replaced every 6-10h to fully swell; freezing the swelled hydrogel for 8-15h, and freeze-drying for 60-80h.
6. The preparation method of claim 4, wherein the concentration of MXene in the MXene dispersion is 1-3mg/mL, and the mass ratio of MXene to acrylamide monomer is 1-60.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the crosslinking agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of N, N-Methylenebisacrylamide (MBA), divinylbenzene and diisocyanate;
preferably, the initiator is selected from at least one of potassium persulfate and Ammonium Persulfate (APS);
preferably, the catalyst is selected from at least one of N, N '-tetramethylethylenediamine, N', N ″ -pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and N, -dimethylbenzylamine.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, wherein the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to the acrylamide monomer is 0.5 to 0.7.
9. The preparation method according to claim 4, wherein the process of loading lithium chloride on the gel body comprises: soaking the freeze-dried aerogel in a lithium chloride aqueous solution, taking out and drying;
preferably, the concentration of the lithium chloride aqueous solution is 1-3mol/mL;
preferably, the soaking time is 20-30h, the drying temperature is 70-90 ℃ after taking out, and the drying time is 60-80h.
10. Use of the light-driven high hygroscopic composite atmospheric water-collecting material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 2 or the light-driven high hygroscopic composite atmospheric water-collecting material prepared by the preparation method as defined in any one of claims 3 to 9 in atmospheric water collection.
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