CN115913058A

CN115913058A - Water surface power generation system

Info

Publication number: CN115913058A
Application number: CN202210297586.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈勇
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-03-15
Filing date: 2022-03-15
Publication date: 2023-04-04

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of energy, in particular to the field of water surface power generation. The invention provides a water surface power generation system which comprises a buoyancy device (1), a power generation device (2), an energy storage device (3) and a restraint device (4). By integrating the buoyancy device, the power generation device, the energy storage device and the restraint device at and/or near the water body, the problems associated with land-based power generation systems can be solved. The power generation system is expanded from the land to the water surface, so that the total amount of available energy is increased; the stable output of solar energy and wind power generation is realized, and the energy storage device has low cost, long service life and no pollution; the influence of negative factors, particularly natural disasters, on the power generation device is reduced; land resources are saved; the space stability of the system is guaranteed, and certain autonomous mobility or mobility can be achieved; the utilization of ocean space is improved, and the management capability of the ocean is enhanced.

Description

Water surface power generation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of energy, in particular to the field of power generation, and particularly relates to a power generation system constructed by utilizing water surface.

Background

Solar power generation and wind power generation need to be matched with energy storage devices. The mainstream energy storage device comprises electrochemical energy storage (mainly battery energy storage), physical energy storage (mainly pumped storage) and chemical energy storage (mainly hydrogen production), and the electrochemical energy storage has high cost, short service life and pollution risk, but is not limited by terrain. The pumped storage and the electrolytic water hydrogen production have low cost, long service life and no pollution, but all need water sources.

In conclusion, the traditional land power generation device faces many adverse factors in construction, operation and maintenance, and has high energy storage cost, short service life and pollution risk.

The inventor finds that the water surface power generation system can solve the problems by utilizing the water surface to build.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a water surface power generation system, which solves the problem of building a land power generation system in the related technology.

The invention relates to a water surface power generation system, which is characterized by comprising a buoyancy device (1), a power generation device (2), an energy storage device (3) and a restraint device (4):

the buoyancy device (1) is composed of a plurality of buoyancy units (101), the buoyancy units (101) can float on the water surface body on the natural water surface, the buoyancy units (101) are connected with the adjacent buoyancy units (101) to jointly form the buoyancy device (1) which floats on the water surface and bears other devices, wherein the water surface at least comprises one of the following water surfaces: sea water surface, river water surface, lake water surface, reservoir water surface, weir pond water surface, pool water surface, ditch water surface;

the power generation device (2) is fixed on the buoyancy device (1) and at least comprises one of the following components:

the solar power generation device (201), the first wind power generation device (202), the nuclear power station (203), the thermal power station (204) and other power stations (205), wherein the vertical projection range of the power generation device (2) is positioned in the horizontal cross section range of the buoyancy device (1);

the energy storage means (3) comprises at least one of:

a pumped-storage device (301),

a hydrogen-producing device (302),

an electrical energy storage device (303),

an electrochemical energy storage device (304);

other energy storage devices (305);

restraint device (4) with buoyancy device (1) is connected, retrains buoyancy device (1) is in specific scope, restraint device (4) include positioner (401), connecting device (402), positioner (401) include fixing device (4011) and/or power device (4012), fixing device (4011) are fixed in near submarine and/or land and/or island, connecting device (402) first end is connected buoyancy device (1), and the second end is connected positioner (401).

The water surface power generation system provided by the invention has the main innovation points that:

1. extending the power generation system from land to the surface;

2. the natural water body is comprehensively utilized to be matched with an energy storage device with low cost, long service life and no pollution, in particular a pumped storage device and/or a water electrolysis hydrogen production device;

3. the restraint device is elastically restrained, so that the impact of wind, waves and water flow is buffered, and the stability of the system is ensured.

The invention has the following obvious effects:

1. and the influence of negative factors, particularly natural disasters, is reduced. The water surface power generation device utilizes the buffering of water, and can greatly buffer the damage caused by earthquake; the power generation device is positioned in water, so that the impact caused by disasters such as landslide, debris flow and the like can be greatly reduced or even eliminated; the power generation device floats along with the water surface, and the sliding ring also floats along with the water surface, so that the harm caused by flood can be eliminated; snow falls into water to melt, and the destructive power of snow disasters is greatly reduced; the elasticity provided by the connection of the restraint device has a buffering effect, and the destructive force caused by wind can be greatly buffered.

2. The application range of the power generation device is expanded, and the total amount of available energy is greatly improved. On one hand, the water surface power generation device can reduce negative factors, particularly adverse effects caused by natural disasters, and places which are originally not suitable for building the power generation device can have building conditions. On the other hand, the construction site is extended from land to the water surface, and particularly can be extended to the sea surface.

3. Saving land resources. The power generation device constructed by utilizing the water surface can occupy no land or less land, and valuable land resources are saved.

Optionally, if the wind power resources near the water surface power generation device are abundant, a second wind power generation device (202) can be built nearby, and the second wind power generation device (202) can be fixed on the nearby water bottom, the nearby land or the nearby island.

By building the second power generation device, the wind power resource can be fully utilized for power generation, the energy storage device and the power transmission and transformation device can be shared, and the effect of saving cost is achieved.

Optionally, the present surface power generation system further comprises an adjusting device (5), wherein the adjusting device (5) is positioned above the buoyancy device (1) and adjusts the direction and/or angle and/or height of the solar power generation device (201) to ensure that:

when the wind power is smaller than the threshold value, the included angle formed by the solar power generation device (201) and sunlight is the largest;

when the wind power is greater than the threshold value and the hail level is greater than the threshold value, the solar power generation panel (2011) is perpendicular to the ground and parallel to the wind direction;

when the wind power is greater than a threshold value and the hail rating is not greater than a threshold value, the solar power panel (2011) altitude is reduced to no higher than the buoyancy unit (101) surface.

The direction, the angle and the height of the solar power generation panel are adjusted by adding the adjusting device, so that on one hand, the power of the power generation device is maximized when the power generation is suitable; on the other hand, through direction, angle, the height of adjusting solar panel when bad weather appears, can reduce or even avoid the damage to solar panel, for example when strong wind weather does not have the hail, solar panel falls to not being higher than the buoyancy device surface, can not receive strong wind influence and destruction hardly, can also continue the electricity generation if there is sunshine simultaneously.

Optionally, the adjusting device (5) of the water surface power generation system comprises a motor (501), a transmission device (502) and a control device (503),

the first wind power generation device (202) is positioned around the solar power generation device (201) and can be connected with the transmission device (502),

the motor (501) is powered by the power generation device (2) and/or the energy storage device (3), and the solar power generation panel (2011) is adjusted through the transmission device (502) according to the requirement of the control device (503);

the transmission device (502) can be driven by the motor (501) and/or a machine driven by a windmill blade of the first wind power device (202) and/or the energy storage device (3);

the control device (503) ensures that:

when the wind power is smaller than a threshold value, the included angle formed by the solar power generation device (201) and the sunlight is the largest;

when the wind power is larger than a threshold value and the hail level is larger than the threshold value, the solar power generation panel (2011) is vertical to the ground and parallel to the wind direction;

The adjusting device is powered by the power generation device and/or the energy storage device of the system, so that energy can be saved; the first wind power generation device is arranged around the solar power generation panel, so that wind energy can be utilized to generate electricity; when the wind power reaches a threshold value, the first wind power generation device is connected with the transmission device, the windmill blade drives the solar power generation panel to reduce the height to be flat or vertical to the horizontal plane, then the connection is disconnected to continue generating power, and when the wind power is smaller than the threshold value, the first wind power generation device is connected with the transmission device, and the windmill blade drives the solar power generation panel to recover to a normal state.

Optionally, this surface of water power generation system fixing device (4011) includes cylinder (40111), slip ring (40112), anticreep bolt (40113), cylinder (40111) mid portion is smooth, cylinder (40111) smooth part lower extreme is not higher than design minimum water level line, the upper end is not less than design maximum water level line, cylinder (40111) smooth part has slip ring (40112) outward to float in the surface of water and float along with the surface of water, slip ring (40112) total proportion is not more than the water body of locating, the inner ring cross-section is greater than cylinder (40111) cross-section, connect slip ring (40112) connect connecting device (402) second end, anticreep bolt (40113) are located fixing device (4011) top and higher than the surface of water, anticreep bolt (40113) cross-section is greater than slip ring (40112) inner ring cross-section.

The sliding ring of the fixing device and the water surface synchronously fluctuate up and down, so that the power generation system can be ensured to be relatively stable in position and float up and down, and the safety is ensured; the theme top anticreep is tied and is guaranteed that the slip ring during operation does not deviate from the cylinder, also can remove the restraint of cylinder and slip ring according to the demand.

Optionally, the present surface power generation system further comprises buoyancy means (1) material comprising at least one of: biomass materials, metal materials, inorganic non-metal materials, high polymer materials, composite materials, and other materials.

The material of the buoyancy device is not limited as long as the buoyancy device meets the corresponding physical properties, including but not less than elasticity, plasticity, strength, rigidity, hardness, density, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance and the like; the material can be a single material, a composite material or a combined material.

Optionally, the hydroelectric power generation system further comprises a damping device (6), the damping device (6) having a spring force, the damping device (6) comprising one of:

a solid device;

a hollow device;

a spring;

other elastic means;

the solid device comprises an elastic material and can also comprise a flexible material, the shell of the hollow device is made of the flexible material, the hollow device is filled with air or water or is partially filled with air and water, and the buffer device (6) at least comprises one of the following components:

a first damping device (601) located around the buoyant device (1) above water;

-second damping means (602) located around the submerged part of the buoyancy means (1);

by arranging the buffer device around the buoyancy unit, the impact generated by collision of the buoyancy unit during fluctuation can be buffered, and then collision between power generation devices, particularly solar power generation panels, and damage caused by collision can be reduced or even avoided.

Optionally, the water surface power generation system can also comprise the following other facilities (7):

production facilities including facilities for producing agricultural products, industrial products, energy products, mineral products, etc., seawater desalination facilities, etc.;

processing and manufacturing facilities, which are mainly used for processing and manufacturing agricultural products, industrial products, energy products, mineral products and the like;

transportation facilities including ports, docks, airports and even floating bridges, pipelines, etc.;

communication facilities including base stations, electrical cables, optical cables, communication networks, communication terminals, etc.;

the logistics facilities are mainly warehousing, carrying, loading, unloading and circulating processing facilities;

residential facilities, which mainly provide residences for population and related animals;

the gas station can be used for filling fuel oil for ships and airplanes;

the gas station can be filled with various gases, such as natural gas, hydrogen, oxygen and the like;

the material supply station supplies various materials for ships and airplanes;

scientific research facilities can research surrounding water areas, seabed, climate, biology, environment, energy, resources and the like;

the education facility can provide education on various aspects such as ocean, energy, climate, hydrology, environment, biology, resources and the like;

the tourism facilities can provide tourism facilities such as sightseeing, experience and leisure;

service facilities including public services such as public management, security, communication, medical treatment, health and the like and commercial business service facilities such as shopping, transaction and the like;

through setting up above facility, both can utilize the energy on the spot to produce, life, scientific research etc. also can increase this surface of water power generation system function and application scene, improve the practicality.

Optionally, the water surface power generation system further comprises a defense facility (8) comprising an observation facility, a monitoring facility, an early warning facility, a defense facility, an armed facility and the like.

The offshore water surface power generation system, in particular to the offshore water surface power generation system additionally provided with other facilities or the water surface power generation system positioned in open sea, can improve the safety and the capability of coping with forces from other forces, in particular hostile forces, by additionally arranging the defense facilities.

Optionally, the surface power generation system can be moved to the surface of water at other places, if the positioning device (401) of the surface power generation system comprises a fixing device (4011), the fixing device (4011) is disconnected with the buoyancy device (1) before moving; the connection between the buoyancy units (101) can be changed according to requirements during the movement process so as to move; after moving to a preset position, the connection between the buoyancy units (101) can be changed as required, and if fixing devices (4011) are required, the fixing devices (4011) are installed for constraint.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a surface power generation system according to the related art of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a hydroelectric surface power generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a mountain surface power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a buoyancy device and a power generation device according to the related art of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a land-on-water power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of a marine surface power generation system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention without any inventive work.

It is noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the above-described drawings are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances to describe embodiments of the invention, and further, the terms "comprises" and "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The embodiment can be applied to various water surfaces, such as natural ocean water surfaces, river water surfaces, lake water surfaces, artificial reservoir water surfaces, hydropower station water surfaces, ditch water surfaces, weir pond water surfaces, pool water surfaces, roof water surfaces and factory building top water surfaces.

The buoyancy device comprises a plurality of buoyancy units, the buoyancy units are made of unlimited materials, and the requirements on elasticity, plasticity, strength, rigidity, hardness, density, corrosion resistance and other relevant physical properties are met, and the requirements can be as follows:

biomass materials such as wood, bamboo, and the like;

metal materials such as steel, iron, aluminum, copper, gold, silver, and the like, and various alloy materials;

inorganic non-metallic materials such as ceramics, glass, etc.;

an organic material;

high polymer materials such as fibers, rubber, resin, plastic, and the like;

composite materials are composed of two or more materials according to a certain mode, and can be divided into metal matrix, ceramic matrix, resin matrix and the like according to a matrix, or can be divided into fiber reinforced and particle reinforced composite materials and the like according to a reinforcement body, and the composite materials are various.

The shape of the horizontal plane of the buoyancy unit is not limited, and the buoyancy unit can be in various regular shapes including but not limited to regular triangle, rectangle, square, rhombus, regular pentagon, regular hexagon, circle and the like, and can also be in various irregular shapes.

The horizontal surface shapes of the buoyancy units can be the same or different.

The length, the width and the area of the horizontal plane of each buoyancy unit are unlimited, the volume is unlimited, and the buoyancy units are selected according to actual requirements so as to be suitable for water bodies on the water surface and convenient to manufacture, transport and install.

Each buoyancy unit can be solid or hollow, and the inside can be inflated and filled with water or partially filled with water and partially inflated.

The height (or thickness and depth) of each buoyancy unit is not limited, and the buoyancy units can be in the shape of a thin sheet or a plate, can be in the shape of a thick block, and can also be buoys with various depths. The plate-shaped and block-shaped buoyancy units with smaller bearing capacity are suitable for bearing the solar power generation device and the small first wind power generation device; the different depths of the pontoon provide different bearing capacities, for example, heavier factories and houses require deeper pontoons, which also place greater demands on the strength of the pontoons.

The connection between each buoyancy unit can be elastic connection, rigid connection or both; can be fixedly connected or movably connected or both.

The overall shape and area of the buoyancy device are not limited, and different shapes and areas are configured according to different water surfaces and different facilities.

The buoyancy device is provided with gaps, so that the water and the air are permeable, and the wave resistance, the overturning resistance and the stability are improved. The voids may be internal to the buoyancy units or between the buoyancy units.

The solar power generation device needs to be lowered and laid down, and a corresponding space is reserved for the buoyancy device.

Each buoyancy unit can bear a power generation device and/or other devices respectively, a plurality of buoyancy units can bear the power generation device and/or other devices together, and flat plates can be additionally arranged on the buoyancy units to enhance stability.

The length and width of the horizontal plane of the buoyancy device are both larger than the vertical thickness of the buoyancy device so as to enhance the anti-overturning capability.

The power generation device is mainly a solar power generation device, particularly a photovoltaic power generation device, and other power generation devices such as a first wind power generation device (mainly a small wind power generation device), a nuclear power station and a thermal power station can be matched or configured independently.

The energy storage device is mainly related to water and comprises a pumped storage device and an electrolytic water hydrogen production device. Under appropriate conditions such as hydropower stations or lands or islands with large height difference, a pumped storage device can be constructed in priority; the construction of a pumped storage device is not provided, and a hydrogen production device, particularly a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, is preferably selected. Of course, other forms of energy storage devices may be selected, including but not limited to electrochemical energy storage, electrical energy storage devices.

The pumped storage device comprises a pumped storage device, a water storage facility and a hydroelectric generation device.

The pumped-storage device is wholly or partially an existing device and/or a reconstruction device (facility) and/or a newly-built device (facility).

Preferentially utilizing the existing facilities to pump water for energy storage:

the energy storage is carried out by utilizing the storage capacity of the existing hydropower station: the hydropower station has enough storage capacity and water head, and the storage capacity can be directly utilized for storing water when the rivers in which the hydropower station is located do not have the requirements of shipping, irrigation, flood control and the like.

The input and the output of the hydroelectric generation device are adjusted and reduced during the solar energy and/or wind power generation, redundant water is left in the reservoir, and the input and the output of the hydroelectric generation device are increased when the solar energy and/or wind power generation power is reduced or stopped.

The existing hydroelectric generation device is utilized to generate electricity, and the hydroelectric generation device can also be reconstructed or expanded.

And a pumping device can be newly built to lift water at the downstream of the hydropower station to a reservoir of the hydropower station for storage.

And a pumping energy storage device can be newly built, and a pumping device is newly built to lift water to a higher water storage facility.

The water storage facility can store water by utilizing natural terrain, can reconstruct and expand the natural terrain, and can also be used for newly constructing, reconstructing and expanding an artificial water storage facility.

The hydroelectric power generation facility can be newly built, or can be reconstructed or expanded: the water of the water storage facility is led into the existing or reconstructed or expanded hydroelectric power generation device.

The hydrogen production device comprises a water electrolysis hydrogen production device and/or a hydrogen-methane production device and/or a methane-methanol production device, and can be further extended.

The produced hydrogen can be directly conveyed out through a pipeline, or can be stored in a storage device firstly and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, vehicles and the like, or can be connected to a power transmission network after power generation by utilizing the stored hydrogen;

the hydrogen production device can also be provided with a hydrogen-methane production device, methane is produced by using hydrogen, the methane can be directly conveyed out through a pipeline, can also be stored in a storage device firstly and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, vehicles and the like, and the stored methane can also be used for generating power and then is connected to a power transmission network;

the hydrogen production device can also be provided with a methane methanol production device, methanol is produced by utilizing methane, the methanol can be directly conveyed out through a pipeline, also can be stored in a storage device at first, and then is conveyed out through pipelines, ships, vehicles and other modes, and also can be accessed to a power transmission network after the stored methanol is used for generating power.

The power device in the restraining device is driven by the power generation device and/or the energy storage device.

Several embodiments may be applied to the above scenario:

example one

The water surface power generation system of the embodiment is positioned on the water surface of the hydropower station.

In this embodiment, the power generation device is a photovoltaic power generation device. Of course, other types of solar power generation devices are possible, and two or more types of solar power generation devices may be included. The first wind power generation device can be additionally arranged around the solar power generation device, and the first wind power generation device is a small device.

If the wind power resources near the water surface power generation system are rich, a second wind power generation device can be added. Most of the hydropower stations are located in valleys and canyons, and the wind power resources of the valleys, the canyons, the mountaintops and the beakers nearby are relatively rich and can be used for wind power generation.

The water surface power generation system of the embodiment comprises a second wind power generation device which can be built, and related facilities such as original power generation facilities, power transmission and transformation facilities, power grids, reservoir storage capacity and the like of the hydropower station can be shared by the second wind power generation device and the hydropower station.

In this embodiment, the energy storage device is a pumped storage device. The method comprises the following steps:

the water storage facility is the reservoir of the existing hydropower station. The hydropower station has enough storage capacity and water head, and the storage capacity can be directly utilized for storing water when the rivers in which the hydropower station is located do not have the requirements of shipping, irrigation, flood control and the like. The input and the output of the hydroelectric generation device are adjusted and reduced during the solar energy and/or wind power generation, redundant water is left in the reservoir, and the input and the output of the hydroelectric generation device are increased when the solar energy and/or wind power generation power is reduced or stopped.

The hydroelectric generation device is an existing hydroelectric generation device of a hydropower station, and can be reconstructed or expanded according to needs.

The pumping device is a newly-built pumping device and lifts water at the downstream of the hydropower station to a reservoir of the hydropower station for storage.

Of course, the pumped-hydro energy storage device may also include a newly built pumped-hydro energy storage device as needed:

the pumping device of the newly-built pumping energy storage device is a newly-built pumping facility, and water is lifted to a higher water storage facility;

the water storage facility of the newly-built pumped storage device is a natural terrain water storage facility higher than a reservoir of a hydropower station, and the natural terrain can be reconstructed and expanded.

The hydraulic power generation facility of the newly-built pumped storage device is an existing hydropower station hydraulic power generation device, of course, the existing hydropower station hydraulic power generation device can also be reconstructed or expanded, and of course, a second hydraulic power generation device can also be newly built.

In this embodiment, the energy storage device may also be a hydrogen production device, or a pumped storage device and a hydrogen production device.

The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device is directly conveyed out through a pipeline, and can be stored in a storage device firstly and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, vehicles and the like, and the stored hydrogen can be used for power generation and then is connected into a power transmission network.

The hydrogen can lead the metal to generate hydrogen embrittlement, and has large difficulty and high cost in storage and transportation. In the embodiment, the hydrogen can be used for producing methane, the methane can be directly conveyed out through a pipeline, can be stored in a storage device and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, container tanks, vehicles and the like, the stored methane can be used for generating power and then connected into a power transmission network, and the methane can be compressed into liquefied natural gas and then stored and/or conveyed and/or utilized;

of course, methane is a gas, and methane can also be used for producing methanol, and the methanol is liquid in the normal state and is better to store and transport. The methanol can be directly conveyed out through pipelines, ships and vehicles, also can be stored in the storage device firstly and then conveyed out through the pipelines, the ships, the container tank body, the vehicles and other modes, and also can be accessed into a power transmission network after the stored methanol is used for generating power.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be an electrical energy storage device, or may also be any combination of an electrical energy storage device, a pumped-water energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be an electrochemical energy storage device, or may also be any combination of an electrochemical energy storage device and an electrical energy storage device, a pumped-water energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be other energy storage devices, and may also be any combination of other energy storage devices, an electrochemical energy storage device, an electrical energy storage device, a pumped-water energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

Example two

The water surface power generation system of the embodiment is positioned on the water surface of the mountainous region.

In this embodiment, the power generation device is a photovoltaic power generation device, but may be other types of solar power generation devices, and may include two or more types of solar power generation devices. A first wind power generation device can be additionally arranged around the solar power generation device, and the first wind power generation device is a small device.

Of course, if the wind power resources nearby are rich, a second wind power generation device can be built nearby.

The energy storage device of the water surface power generation system of the embodiment is a pumped storage device, and the pumped storage device is a newly-built pumped storage device:

The hydraulic power generation facility of the newly-built pumped storage device is a newly-built hydraulic power generation device.

The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production device is directly conveyed out through a pipeline, can be stored in a storage device firstly and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, vehicles and the like, and can also be connected into a power transmission network after being used for generating power by utilizing the stored hydrogen.

The hydrogen can lead the metal to generate hydrogen embrittlement, and has large difficulty and high cost in storage and transportation. In the embodiment, the hydrogen can be used for producing methane, the methane can be directly conveyed out through a pipeline, can be stored in a storage device and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, container tanks, vehicles and the like, the stored methane can be used for generating power and then being connected to a power transmission network, and the methane can be compressed into liquefied natural gas and then stored and/or conveyed and/or utilized;

of course, methane is a gas, and methane can also be used for producing methanol, and the methanol is liquid in the normal state and is better to store and transport. Methanol can be directly carried away through pipeline, boats and ships, vehicle, also can deposit storage device in earlier, and modes such as rethread pipeline, boats and ships, the container jar body, vehicle are transported away, also can utilize the methanol electricity generation back access transmission network of storing.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be other energy storage devices, and may also be any combination of other energy storage devices, an electrochemical energy storage device, an electrical energy storage device, a pumped water energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

EXAMPLE III

The surface power generation system of the present embodiment is located at the surface of the ocean.

In this embodiment, the power generation device is a photovoltaic power generation device, but may be other types of solar power generation devices, and may include two or more types of solar power generation devices. The first wind power generation device can be additionally arranged around the solar power generation device, and the first wind power generation device is a small device.

Of course, if the present embodiment is located near land or an island where wind resources are abundant, it is appropriate to arrange a second wind power generation unit on the land or the island.

If the ocean surface wind power resources near the water surface power generation system of the embodiment are rich and the water depth is shallow, a second wind power generation device is suitable to be arranged in the nearby sea area. When the water depth of the ocean near the water surface power generation system of the embodiment exceeds a threshold value, the second wind power generation device is not suitable to be arranged.

Of course, the power plant may also be a nuclear power plant and/or a thermal power plant and/or another power plant,

in this embodiment, the energy storage device is a hydrogen production device.

The hydrogen can lead the metal to generate hydrogen embrittlement, and has large difficulty and high cost in storage and transportation. In the embodiment, the hydrogen can be used for producing methane, the methane can be directly conveyed out through a pipeline, can be stored in a storage device firstly and then conveyed out through pipelines, ships, container tanks, vehicles and the like, can be accessed to a power transmission network after power generation by using the stored methane, and can be compressed into liquefied natural gas and then stored and/or conveyed and/or utilized;

of course, methane is a gas, and methane can also be used for producing methanol, and the methanol is liquid in the normal state and is better to store and transport. Methanol can be directly carried away through pipeline, boats and ships, vehicle, also can deposit storage device earlier, and modes such as rethread pipeline, boats and ships, the container jar body, vehicle transport away, also can utilize the methanol electricity generation of storage to insert the transmission network afterwards.

Of course, if there is a hydropower station or a pumped storage device in the nearby land or island, the energy storage device of this embodiment may be a pumped storage device, or a pumped storage device and a hydrogen production device.

When a hydropower station is nearby, the conditions of the pumped storage device are as follows:

the water storage facility of the newly-built pumped storage device is a natural terrain water storage facility higher than a hydropower station reservoir, and the natural terrain can also be reconstructed and expanded.

The hydraulic power generation facility of the newly-built pumped storage device is an existing hydropower station hydraulic power generation device, of course, the existing hydropower station hydraulic power generation device can be reconstructed or expanded, and of course, a second hydraulic power generation device can also be newly built.

When no hydropower station exists nearby but natural geological terrain conditions for building the pumped storage device are provided, the pumped storage device of the embodiment is a newly-built pumped storage device and comprises a pumping device, a water storage facility and a hydroelectric generation device:

building a pumping device to lift water to a higher water storage facility;

the water storage facilities can store water by utilizing natural terrains and can also reconstruct and expand the natural terrains.

And (4) building a hydroelectric power generation facility, and generating power by using water in the water storage facility when needed.

Of course, the energy storage device of the present embodiment may also be an electrical energy storage device, or may also be any combination of the electrical energy storage device, the pumped-water energy storage device, and the hydrogen production device.

In this embodiment, other facilities may be arranged to become a production base, a processing base, a residence, a transportation and logistics base, a supply base, a scientific research base, a travel base, a business base, a military base, and the like, and these facilities include:

production facilities, including facilities for producing agricultural products, industrial products, energy products, mineral products, and the like;

the processing and manufacturing facility is mainly used for processing and manufacturing agricultural products, industrial products, energy products, mineral products and the like;

transportation facilities including ports, docks, airports and even floating bridges;

the gas station can be used for filling fuel oil for ships and airplanes;

the material supply station supplies various materials for ships and airplanes;

the education facility can provide various aspects of education such as oceans, energy, climate, hydrology, environment, organisms, resources and the like;

the defense facilities comprise detection, observation, early warning and armed facilities.

The surface power generation system of the embodiment can also be moved to any required ocean surface or inland surface connected with the ocean, the shape of the power generation system can be changed in the moving process, for example, the power generation system is changed into a long strip shape to reduce resistance or pass through a narrow water surface, the depth of the underwater part can be changed to pass through a water area with shallower water depth, and the method can be to discharge part or all of liquid in the buoy. Thus, we can deploy factories and military facilities where needed.

Example four

The water surface power generation system of the embodiment is positioned on the flat water surface and comprises rivers and lakes.

Of course, if the nearby wind power resources are abundant, the power generation device may also include a second wind power generation device.

In this embodiment, the energy storage device is a hydrogen production device.

Of course, the energy storage device of the present embodiment may also be an electrical energy storage device, or may also be a combination of an electrical energy storage device and a hydrogen production device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be an electrochemical energy storage device, or may also be any combination of an electrochemical energy storage device, an electrical energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be other energy storage devices, and may also be any combination of other energy storage devices, an electrochemical energy storage device, an electrical energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

EXAMPLE five

The water surface power generation system of the embodiment is positioned on a small water surface and comprises a weir pond, a pool, a ditch, a roof water surface, a factory building roof water surface and the like.

In this embodiment, the energy storage device is an electrochemical energy storage device.

Of course, the energy storage device may also be a chemical energy storage device, or a combination of a chemical energy storage device and an electrochemical energy storage device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be a pumped-storage device, or may also be any combination of a pumped-storage device, an electrical energy storage device, and an electrochemical energy storage device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be a hydrogen production energy storage device, or may also be any combination of a hydrogen production device, an electrochemical energy storage device, an electrical energy storage device, and a pumped storage device.

Of course, the energy storage device of this embodiment may also be other energy storage devices, and may also be any combination of other energy storage devices, an electrochemical energy storage device, a pumped water energy storage device, an electrical energy storage device, and a hydrogen production device.

It can be seen from the above description that, as long as the water surface power generation system has the buoyancy device, the power generation device, the energy storage device, and the restriction device: the buoyancy device provides buoyancy for the power generation device to enable the power generation device to stably float on the water surface; the power generation device mainly utilizes solar energy resources to generate power and can also utilize other resources to generate power; the energy storage device solves the problem of unstable solar and wind power generation, so that the energy output is more stable; the restraint device ensures that the system is located at a required position, and the problem can be solved. The above embodiments all have four parts, namely, a buoyancy device, a power generation device, an energy storage device and a restriction device, and the problems can be solved as long as the four parts are provided.

Through the integration of buoyancy device, power generation facility, energy memory and restraint device near the water and/or water, can realize:

1. the energy space is expanded, and the power generation system is expanded to the surface of water from the land, promotes usable energy total greatly. On one hand, the water surface power generation device can reduce negative factors, particularly adverse effects caused by natural disasters, and places which are originally not suitable for building the power generation device can have building conditions; on the other hand, the construction site is extended from land to the water surface, and particularly can be extended to the sea surface.

2. The energy storage device matched with the natural water body, particularly the pumped storage device and/or the water electrolysis hydrogen production device, can realize stable energy output, and has low cost, long service life and no pollution.

3. And the influence of negative factors, particularly natural disasters, is reduced. The water surface power generation device utilizes the buffering of water, and can greatly buffer the damage caused by earthquake; the power generation device is positioned in water, so that impact caused by disasters such as landslide and debris flow can be greatly reduced or even eliminated; the power generation device floats along with the water surface, and the sliding ring also floats along with the water surface, so that the harm caused by flood can be eliminated; snow falls into water to melt, and the destructive power of snow disasters is greatly reduced; the elasticity provided by the connection of the restraint device has a buffering effect, and the destructive force caused by wind can be greatly buffered.

4. Saving land resources. The power generation device constructed by utilizing the water surface can occupy no land or less land, and valuable land resources are saved.

5. The restraint device can buffer the impact of wind, wave and water flow, ensure the stability of the system and have certain autonomous mobility or mobility. .

6. The utilization of ocean space is improved, and the management capability of the ocean is enhanced.

The buoyancy device, the power generation device, the energy storage device and the restraint device can be selected and configured according to actual conditions. That is to say, as long as the device has the functions of buoyancy, power generation, energy storage and restriction, no matter which scheme is adopted, the practical problem can be solved, and the corresponding technical effect is achieved.

Claims

1. A water surface power generation system is characterized by comprising a buoyancy device (1), a power generation device (2), an energy storage device (3) and a restraint device (4):

a solar power generation device (201), a first wind power generation device (202), a nuclear power plant (203), a thermal power plant (204), other power plants (205),

the vertical projection range of the power generation device (2) is positioned within the horizontal cross section range of the buoyancy device (1);

the energy storage device (3) comprises at least one of:

a water-pumping energy storage device (301),

a hydrogen-producing device (302),

an electrical energy storage device (303),

an electrochemical energy storage device (304);

other energy storage devices (305);

2. A water surface power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising a second wind power generation unit (202), the second wind power generation unit (202) being fixed to the nearby water bottom and/or land and/or islands.

3. A surface power system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising an adjustment device (5), said adjustment device (5) being located above the buoyancy device (1), adjusting the direction and/or angle and/or height of the solar power device (201) ensuring that:

when the wind power is greater than a threshold value and the hail rating is not greater than the threshold value, the solar panel (2011) is lowered to a height no higher than the buoyancy unit (101) surface.

4. A surface power system according to claim 3, the adjusting means (5) comprising an electric motor (501), a transmission (502), a control means (503),

the control device (503) ensures that:

5. The surface power generation system of claim 1 or 2, the fixing device (4011) comprises a cylinder (40111), a sliding ring (40112) and an anti-dropping bolt (40113), the middle part of the cylinder (40111) is smooth, the lower end of the smooth part of the cylinder (40111) is not higher than the designed lowest waterline, the upper end of the smooth part of the cylinder (40111) is not lower than the designed highest waterline, the sliding ring (40112) outside the smooth part of the cylinder (40111) floats on the water surface and floats with the water surface, the total specific gravity of the sliding ring (40112) is not more than the water body, the inner ring section is larger than the cylinder (40111) section, the sliding ring (40112) is connected with the second end of the connecting device (402), the anti-dropping bolt (40113) is positioned at the top end of the fixing device (4011) and is higher than the water surface, and the anti-dropping bolt (40113) section is larger than the inner ring section of the sliding ring (40112).

6. A water surface power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, the buoyancy device (1) material comprising at least one of: biomass materials, metal materials, inorganic non-metal materials, high polymer materials, composite materials, and other materials.

7. A surface power system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a damping device (6), the damping device (6) having a spring force, the damping device (6) comprising one of:

a solid device;

a hollow device;

a spring;

other elastic means;

the solid device comprises an elastic material and can also comprise a flexible material, the shell of the hollow device is made of the flexible material, the hollow device is filled with air or water or is partially filled with air and partially filled with water, and the buffer device (6) at least comprises one of the following components:

a first damping device (6) located around the buoyant device (1) above water;

a second damping device (6) located around the submerged portion of the buoyancy device (1).

8. A water surface power generation system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising at least one of the following facilities (7):

a production facility;

a processing facility;

a manufacturing facility;

a transportation facility;

a communication facility;

logistics facilities;

a residential facility;

a service station;

a gas station;

a hydrogen addition station;

a material supply station;

scientific research facilities;

an educational facility;

travel facilities;

and (4) service facilities.

9. A surface power system according to claim 1 or 2 or 8 further comprising a defence facility (8).

10. A surface power generation system according to any of claims 1 to 9 which is movable to a surface elsewhere if the surface power generation system the location means (401) comprises a securing means (4011) and prior to movement the securing means (4011) is disconnected from the buoyancy means (1); the connection between the buoyancy units (101) can be changed according to requirements during the movement process so as to move; after moving to a preset position, the connection between the buoyancy units (101) can be changed as required, and if fixing devices (4011) are required, the fixing devices (4011) are installed for constraint.