CN115912733A

CN115912733A - Stacked disc type coreless motor

Info

Publication number: CN115912733A
Application number: CN202211512887.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕大明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-11-25
Filing date: 2022-11-25
Publication date: 2023-04-04

Abstract

The invention designs a laminated disc type coreless motor for optimizing the internal dynamic magnetic field of the permanent magnet motor by combining the principle and the structure of the coreless permanent magnet motor, and the technical scheme combines theoretical analysis, and carries out a plurality of beneficial attempts of optimizing the design from the overall structure of the motor to the optimization of the internal magnetic field distribution and the magnetic force wire harness channel of the motor, and comprises the steps of designing a stator winding optimizing winding scheme of a single-phase single-wire even-number multipole winding, designing a new motor structure with the number of stator coils equal to the number of magnetic steel blocks of a rotor disc, designing a magnetic conduction ring for improving the magnetic field of an outer disc of a motor group, winding the magnetic conduction ring by silicon steel sheets sheared into strips with equal width, combining three single-phase stator discs into one to form a single three-phase stator disc, designing a magnetic conduction ring segment block capable of functionally replacing the magnetic steel blocks on the rotor disc, punching and manufacturing the magnetic conduction ring segment by oriented silicon steel sheets, and calculating to obtain that the optimized number of the motor poles is 6 poles and 8 poles, and the highest 16 poles, and the theoretical efficiency reaches 99.14%.

Description

Stacked disc type coreless motor

[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device

The invention relates to a permanent magnet motor, in particular to a stacked disc type coreless motor. The structure of the traditional BLDC permanent magnet motor is greatly changed, and the novel magnetic conduction ring and the magnetic conduction ring segment block which are novel accessories made of ferromagnetic material silicon steel sheets are also related to structures of several types of permanent magnet motors, functional characteristics, manufacturing and using methods.

[ background of the invention ]

The development trajectory of the motor, like the spiral rising curve, has been developed from a prototype experimental prototype originally based on the principle of electromagnetic force, consisting of only a few simple parts such as a lead, a bracket and a horseshoe magnet, for demonstrating the principle of the motor to children, to a BLDC brushless motor which is widely used today, and forms a huge industry. The motor uses a large amount of metal materials and other various resources, consumes most of electric power, and provides various main power in the aspects of social life. The development of motor technology and manufacturing techniques has led to the development of motors that, based on this, serve more efficiently a wider range of needs, including the industry of generators, which convert mechanical energy into electrical energy, and the industry of motors, which rely on electrical energy to produce mechanical drive. The motor structure returns to the form of a 'coreless motor' but is a brand-new 'high-order' form, and the motor structure is lighter and stronger, saves raw materials, is more convenient to process, is more environment-friendly and has sustainable development potential.

The first problem of coreless propulsion motors is how to maintain and improve the efficiency of the current motors, whether to find a more effective novel structure, and one of the technical keys is how to optimize the layout of the dynamic magnetic field therein. Leaving the optimization of the dynamic magnetic field, the high efficiency of the coreless motor cannot be achieved at all. How to optimize the design and what innovative measures to take remain to be explored.

[ summary of the invention ]

Aiming at the problem that the existing motor is heavier and more expensive, and simultaneously, the invention also hopes to obtain relatively satisfactory efficiency and high cost performance of the motor product, the invention combines the optimization of the layout of the dynamic magnetic field in the motor and the optimization of auxiliary accessories such as the traditional magnetic conduction ring, the newly added magnetic conduction ring segment and the like, and provides a design and processing scheme of a novel magnetic conduction auxiliary element. The novel stacked disc type coreless motor is different from the conventional motor and has the following main points:

(1) The general structure of the disc-stacked coreless motor is that disc type rotor discs and stator discs are arranged in an equidistance and crossing mode at equal intervals along the axial direction, and the motor power can be increased and decreased by properly increasing and decreasing the number of the disc plates according to application requirements. A few size and power standards such as three types of small disks, medium disks and large disks are preferably selected, different disk numbers are combined to form a full-series motor product, and the motor is easy to adapt to requirements. Therefore, the product cost can be reduced, the maintenance cost is also reduced, and the safe reliability indexes of the MTBF, MTTR and the like of the products are improved.

(2) In order to fully exploit the advantages of the coreless motor, the invention provides a new structure that the number of coils of stator disc windings of the stacked disc type coreless motor is equal to the number of magnetic steel blocks of a rotor disc; a winding method of a stator disc winding coil 'single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding' is designed, and voltage output is improved; providing a self-adaptive heat dissipation design of a rotor disc with wind wings; in order to optimize the cylindrical rotating magnetic field of the stacked disc type motor, a novel efficient magnetic conduction ring wound by shearing silicon steel sheet strips is designed, and a high-strength magnetic wire harness is effectively folded and revolved; the magnetic conduction ring segment is designed to replace a magnetic steel block, so that the cost is reduced; cutting aluminum alloy sections as motor casing parts is proposed; novel single-phase and three-phase motor structures are proposed, with hexapole, octopole, and ten, twelve, fourteen, sixteen pole structures being preferred.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the novel stator disc and rotor disc structures are defined, a scheme of 'single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding' is designed, strip silicon steel sheets are designed to wind magnetic conductive rings, magnetic conductive ring segments are designed to replace magnetic steel blocks, and closely related series innovation is achieved to improve the comprehensive performance of the laminated disc type coreless motor.

(3) The invention relates to a laminated disc type coreless motor, wherein the number of winding coils on a single stator disc is equal to that of magnetic steel blocks on a single rotor disc, the number of the winding coils on the single stator disc is equal to that of the magnetic steel blocks on the single rotor disc, the number of the winding coils on the single stator disc and the number of the magnetic steel blocks on the single rotor disc are both even numbers 2N, and N is more than or equal to 1;2N is called the "number of poles" of the motor, N is called the "number of counter poles", and if it is necessary that the number of poles is not equal, the number of poles is an odd multiple of the number of poles which is smaller.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the number of winding wire packages on a single stator disc is equal to that of the magnetic steel blocks on a single rotor disc, the number of the winding wire packages on the single stator disc and the number of the magnetic steel blocks on the single rotor disc are equal, the number of the winding wire packages on the single stator disc and the number of the magnetic steel blocks on the single rotor disc are both even numbers 2N, and N is more than or equal to 1; if desired, the larger number is an odd multiple of the smaller number.

(4) On the basis of the traditional three-phase motor concept, the stacked disc type coreless motor optimally designs a single-phase structure for adapting to the power generation market application, and designs the technical scheme of a stator disc winding coil of a single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding.

(5) The single-phase stator disc winding adopts a structure of single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding, and the winding rule is as follows: only a single wire is used for winding all the coils on the disk, and the winding directions of the adjacent wires on the disk around the respective coil shafts are opposite, so that the electromagnetic polarities of the adjacent coils are opposite. When the coil is wound or part of the coil number is wound, the winding direction is reversed, and then the next adjacent coil is wound, and all the coils on the disc are wound one by one; the last coil is immediately adjacent to the first coil. The wire inlet head of the first wire coil conductor and the wire outlet head of the last wire coil conductor are finally adjacent to each other and fixedly connected to the wiring terminal on the side of the stator disc.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the single-stator disc winding adopts a structure of single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding, and the winding rule is as follows: the winding directions of the adjacent coils around the respective coil shafts are opposite; winding a single lead, winding one coil or part of the coil number of the coil, then reversing the winding direction and winding the next adjacent coil, and winding all the coils on the stator disc one by one in a connected manner; the last coil is next to the first coil; the first coil conducting wire inlet head and the last coil conducting wire outlet head are adjacent to each other and are connected and fixed on the binding post on the disc edge of the stator.

(6) The laminated disc type coreless motor series product includes three-phase motor, three-phase stator disc is a three-in-one structure, and three single-phase stator discs are positioned according to the specified equal phase rotation, and the three stator discs are combined into one. The phase angle θ is calculated as:

θ =360 °/(3 × 2N), N being the number of poles of the machine, 2N being the number of coils on the single stator disc;

for example, N =4,2n =8, the motor is 8-pole, the three phases are 3, and the rotation angle θ =360 °/(3 × 2N) =15 °.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the three-phase stator disk is a three-in-one structure, and three single-phase stator disks are positioned in a rotating mode according to the specified equal phase, and the three stator disks are combined into one. The predetermined phase angle is calculated by a calculation formula θ =360 °/(3 × 2N), where 2N is the number of wire packets on a single stator disc of the motor and is also the number of poles of the motor.

(7) The number of the stacked disks of the stacked disk coreless motor is not provided with an upper limit, but the number of the poles is a preferred scheme. The calculation shows that the initial angle of the 6-pole electric drive force is 20 degrees, the theoretical efficiency is 93.97 percent, and the method is basically satisfactory; an initial angle of 8 poles is 15 degrees, the efficiency is 96.59 percent, and the method is good; if 12 poles are adopted, the efficiency reaches 98.48, which is quite high; if the number of the electrodes is 16, the efficiency is 99.14 percent, and is rarely higher.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the preferred scheme of the pole number of the motor is as follows: 6 poles and 8 poles are very common schemes, up to 16 poles, and higher numbers of poles are not in the scope of this scheme.

(8) The stator disk and the rotor disk are concentrically and longitudinally arranged along the direction of the rotating shaft of the motor, the planes of the stator disk and the rotor disk are parallel to each other at equal intervals, and the structure of the stator disk and the rotor disk is similar to that of two CD disks which are arranged in a staggered manner in a CD disk box. And only the opposite outward side surfaces of the stator disc and/or the rotor disc which are arranged on the outermost two sides are selected, and the magnetic conduction rings are positioned and installed at the bottoms of the coil/magnetic steel block installation discs which are arranged into rings. The magnetic conductive ring is formed by cutting silicon steel sheet strips with equal width, winding the silicon steel sheet strips into annular sheets according to the size, and has good magnetic conductivity, preferably oriented silicon steel sheets, and good non-oriented performance. If the length of the silicon steel strip is not enough during winding, the lapping mode can be adopted for continuing, the magnetic conductivity is not influenced basically, the utilization rate of the silicon steel sheet can be improved to be close to 100%, the silicon steel sheet is cut along the direction of the orientation line, and the burrs on the edges are treated to prevent short circuit.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the magnetic conduction rings arranged on the outer side discs at the two ends of the motor disc stacking type movement are cut into silicon steel sheet strips with the same width, the silicon steel sheet strips are wound according to the required shape, the oriented silicon steel sheet is preferably selected as the material, the non-oriented silicon steel sheet is also good, the sheet material needs to be thin, the oriented silicon steel sheet is cut along the direction of an oriented line when being cut, and burrs are removed.

(9) The magnetic conduction ring wound by the silicon steel sheet is not integrally forged, and even if the ultrathin silicon steel sheet is wound by a single long strip, the geometric center of the ultrathin silicon steel sheet cannot be completely consistent with the mass center of gravity. For the magnetic conductive ring formed by lapping and winding a plurality of short silicon steel strips, the two cores are more difficult to be integrated. Therefore, the novel magnetic ring of the invention is not suitable for manufacturing the magnetic ring for the outer rotor disc, but under the condition that the outermost discs at two ends are the rotor discs, the magnetic ring still needs to be installed to improve the magnetic efficiency, and the experiment must be carried out on the outer rotor disc, and the balance weight is adjusted to correct the eccentricity so as to ensure the effect of stable high-speed rotation.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the outermost disks at the two ends of the machine core are outer rotor disks, the magnetic conduction ring still needs to be installed, and the eccentric balance weight of the outer disks in a rotation experiment is required to ensure that the outer rotor disks rotate stably at high speed.

(10) The magnetic conduction ring segment block is manufactured by stamping and laminating oriented silicon steel sheets, and is actually a magnetic force wire harness relay block of a magnetic field in a motor, so that the multilayer overlapped permanent magnet brushless motor core only needs to use expensive rare earth ultrahigh-strength magnetic steel blocks on rotor disks at the outermost two ends, and original magnetic steel blocks of the other rotor disks are replaced by the magnetic conduction ring segment block; if necessary, the magnetic steel blocks can be recovered on the way to realize relay. The bridge channel of each path of high-strength magnetic wire harness of the rotary barrel type magnetic field is provided, but the cost of raw materials is effectively reduced. The appearance of the magnetic steel block is the same as that of the original magnetic steel block, and the orientation of the silicon steel sheet is the same as the magnetic force wire harness direction.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: in the multilayer overlapped permanent magnet motor, except for the two rotor disks at the outermost end, the magnetic conductive ring segment can be used for replacing the magnetic steel blocks on all the other rotor disks, and can also be used for selectively replacing the magnetic steel blocks on part of the rotor disks according to the actual effect.

(11) When the motor works under high load, a large amount of heat can be generated, so that the temperature is increased, and the magnet steel body and the winding are threatened. The rotor disc is additionally provided with the wind wings, the rotor rotates to form self-adaptive air cooling airflow, and the heavier the load and the faster the sublevel are, the better the air cooling effect is.

The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: at a proper position of the rotor disc, wind wings are prefabricated to generate wind cooling airflow so as to reduce the internal temperature of the motor.

In conclusion, the measures of the invention are beneficial to improving the comprehensive performance index of the coreless permanent magnet motor.

[ description of the drawings ]

FIG. 1 is a 7 fixed 8 rotation stacked disk type coreless three-phase 8-pole motor, the rotation is fixed and crossed, two ends are outer rotor disks, and magnetic conductive rings are installed.

Fig. 2 is a 3-in-1 stator disc, which is formed by combining 3 single-phase 8-pole stator discs in a 15-degree phase-staggered mode, and three discs are overlapped in an invisible mode.

Fig. 3 shows a magnetic conductive ring, which is cut into strips with equal width by a thin silicon steel sheet and wound according to a given shape. If the oriented silicon steel sheet is used as the silicon steel sheet material, a shearing line for shearing the equal-width strip is parallel to/coincident with the oriented line.

FIG. 4 is an exploded view from right to left of the assembly of a "3 in 1" stator disc, which is a main disc, an 8-pack, a second disc, a pulley assembly disc, an 8-pack, a third disc, an 8-pack, and a "3 in 1" stator disc cover plate in sequence. The pulley assembly disc is a connecting piece of the stator disc and a main machine rotating shaft.

FIG. 5 is a rotor disk; fig. 6 is an exploded view of the rotor disc assembly, the middle 8 small truncated cones are magnetic steel blocks, and the dark color is the N pole.

Fig. 7 and 8 show a magnetic conductive ring segment block manufactured by oriented silicon steel sheets, a truncated cone shape in fig. 7 and a rectangular hexahedron in fig. 8.

Fig. 9 illustrates the appearance of the assembled finished motor.

Fig. 10 is a 3-stator 4-rotor laminated-disc type coreless single-phase 6-pole motor, which is crossed in rotation and stator, and two ends of the motor are provided with outer rotor discs provided with magnetic conductive rings.

Fig. 11 is an exploded view of the stator disc assembly of a "3-to-4-turn" stacked disc coreless single-phase motor to the right.

Fig. 12 and 13 are diagrams of "the whole diagram of the barrel-shaped axial rotating magnetic field and the magnetic force beam" which are developed into a plane and indicated by the symbol arrow icons, and the upper and lower side lines of the diagram are connected to form a cylinder to show the moment of the rest of the magnetic field. Both figures are based on an 8-stator 7-rotor laminated disc type coreless (three-phase) 8-pole motor, wherein 1 is a large dotted line frame serving as a left outer stator disc, 2 is a small dotted line frame serving as a magnetic conduction ring, 3 is a winding on the left outer stator disc, 4 is a rotor disc and a magnetic steel block, 5 is a stator disc and a coil group, and 6 is a right outer rotor disc; fig. 13, 7, represents a segment of a magnetically conductive ring replacing the magnet steel of the rotor disc.

[ detailed description ] A

The first embodiment is as follows: 7-fixed 8-turn stacked-disk type coreless three-phase 8-pole motor

The motor shown in fig. 1 has a structure of 7 rotor disks +8 stator disks, which are arranged in a crossed and spaced axial manner; the stator disc is a three-in-one structure with 8 poles phase-shifted 15 degrees, the two outermost sides of the main shaft are provided with outer rotor discs for winding silicon steel magnetic conduction rings, and the operation is vibration-free and noise-free through rotary dynamic balance debugging. The rotor disc is internally provided with the wind wings, so that the wind quantity is moderate, the energy consumption is low, and the cooling effect is good. The stator plate does not use an iron core, so that the weight is light. The machine has compact structure, high power density, simple manufacture and high cost performance.

The second embodiment: 3-fixed-4-turn stacked-disc type coreless single-phase 6-pole generator

As shown in FIG. 10, the 3-stator-4-turn laminated disc type coreless single-phase 6-pole generator has high output voltage, double-wire connection and simple external circuit. The stator has no iron core, has no tooth space effect, and is very suitable for the occasion of breeze power generation. The wind wings on the rotor disc can be self-adaptively cooled, and the safety coefficient is greatly improved. The main structural parts of the stator disc, the rotor disc and the like are made of ABS engineering plastics, and the ABS engineering plastics have the advantages of light weight, corrosion resistance and low cost. Other features are similar to those of the first embodiment and are not described again.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fold disk coreless motor which characterized by: the novel stator disc and rotor disc structures are defined, a scheme of 'single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding' is designed, strip silicon steel sheets are designed to wind magnetic conductive rings, magnetic conductive ring segments are designed to replace magnetic steel blocks, and closely related series innovation is achieved to improve the comprehensive performance of the laminated disc type coreless motor.

2. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the number of winding wire packages on a single stator disc is equal to that of the magnetic steel blocks on a single rotor disc, the number of the winding wire packages on the single stator disc and the number of the magnetic steel blocks on the single rotor disc are equal, the number of the winding wire packages on the single stator disc and the number of the magnetic steel blocks on the single rotor disc are both even numbers 2N, and N is more than or equal to 1; if necessary, the larger number is an odd multiple of the smaller number.

3. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the single-stator disc winding adopts a structure of single-phase single-wire even-number multi-pole winding, and the winding rule is as follows: the winding directions of the adjacent coils around the respective coil shafts are opposite; winding a single lead, winding one coil or part of the coil number of the coil, then reversing the winding direction and winding the next adjacent coil, and winding all the coils on the stator disc one by one in a connected manner; the last coil is next to the first coil; the first coil lead inlet head and the last coil lead outlet head are adjacent to each other and are connected and fixed on the binding post on the side of the stator disc.

4. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the three-phase stator disc is a three-in-one structure, and three single-phase stator discs are positioned in an equal phase rotation mode according to the specification and are combined into a whole. The predetermined phase angle is calculated by the formula θ =360 °/(3 × 2N), where 2N is the number of wire packets on a single stator disc of the motor and also the number of poles of the motor.

5. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the preferred scheme of the pole number of the motor is as follows: 6 poles and 8 poles are very common schemes, up to 16 poles, and the higher number of poles is not in the scope of this scheme.

6. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic conduction rings installed on the outer side plates at the two ends of the motor disc-stacked type movement are cut into silicon steel sheet strips with the same width, and are wound according to the required shape, oriented silicon steel sheets are preferably selected as materials, the non-oriented silicon steel sheets are also good, the sheets are thin, the oriented silicon steel sheets are cut along the direction of an oriented line when being cut, and burrs are removed.

7. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the outermost disks at the two ends of the machine core are outer rotor disks, the magnetic conduction ring still needs to be installed, and the eccentric balance weight of the outer disks in a rotation experiment is required to ensure that the outer rotor disks rotate stably at high speed.

8. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic conduction ring segment block for relaying the magnetic force wire harness is manufactured by the oriented silicon steel sheet, and in the multilayer overlapped permanent magnet motor, except for the two rotor disks at the outermost end, the magnetic conduction ring segment block can be used for replacing the magnetic steel blocks on the rest of all the rotor disks, and can also be used for selectively replacing the magnetic steel blocks on part of the rotor disks according to the actual effect.

9. The stacked disc coreless motor of claim 1, wherein: the proper position of the rotor disk is prefabricated with wind wings to produce wind cooling air flow and reduce the internal temperature of the motor.