CN115911488B

CN115911488B - Fixing device of fuel cell and cold starting method

Info

Publication number: CN115911488B
Application number: CN202310132209.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑军; 王斌; 刘锋; 钱伟
Original assignee: Foshan Cleanest Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Cleanest Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-20
Filing date: 2023-02-20
Publication date: 2023-05-09
Anticipated expiration: 2043-02-20
Also published as: CN115911488A

Abstract

The invention discloses a fixing device of a fuel cell, which comprises a telescopic motor, a compression frame, a compression plate, an upper end plate, a plurality of telescopic connecting rods, a lower end plate, a pack fixing shell and a pile. According to the invention, the telescopic motor is arranged to compress the electric pile, so that water in the electric pile can be extruded out to be pack-fixed in the shell, and the water in the electric pile can not freeze under extreme weather conditions, thereby better protecting the electric pile.

Description

Fixing device of fuel cell and cold starting method

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular, to a fixing device and a cold start method for a fuel cell.

Background

The hydrogen fuel cell car is characterized in that hydrogen and air are subjected to electrochemical reaction, chemical energy is converted into electric energy, the electric energy is utilized to drive a motor so as to drive the car, and the hydrogen fuel cell is mainly water, so that no pollutant is generated and discharged.

Cold start is a major difficulty faced by hydrogen fuel cell systems, and in a low-temperature environment below zero, the water generated by electrochemical reaction of the fuel cell system is frozen due to low temperature, which prevents the passage of cathode and anode gases to the catalytic layer; meanwhile, the freezing and melting in the galvanic pile circulation can damage the galvanic pile component structure such as a proton exchange membrane, a catalytic layer and a gas diffusion layer, and physical deformation or breakdown can be seriously caused to damage a fuel cell.

In the existing cold start method, most of the cold start methods need to purge air from the electric pile when the fuel cell stops running. But the purging result is not ideal, the purging moisture is not thorough enough and the purging time is longer, the purged air tail gas can remain in the anode of the fuel cell, the air can be mixed into the hydrogen when the fuel cell is started next time, the electrochemical reaction of the hydrogen is seriously affected, and the hydrogen and the oxygen are in direct contact, so that the explosion risk is possible.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve one of the technical problems, and provides a fixing device of a fuel cell and a cold starting method, wherein the fixing device compresses a cell stack by arranging a telescopic motor, so that water in the cell stack can be extruded out to be fixed in a shell, and the water in the cell stack can not freeze under extreme weather conditions, thereby better protecting the cell stack.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a fixing device of a fuel cell comprises an upper end plate, a plurality of telescopic connecting rods, a lower end plate, a galvanic pile and a pack fixing shell; the fixing device further comprises a telescopic motor, the upper end plate and the lower end plate are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the electric pile, the telescopic connecting rod is positioned on the side surface of the electric pile, and the upper end plate and the lower end plate are fixedly connected through the telescopic connecting rod; the telescopic motor, the upper end plate, the plurality of telescopic connecting rods, the lower end plate and the galvanic pile are positioned in the pack fixed shell;

the motor fixing seat is arranged at the top of one side face of the pack fixing shell, the telescopic motor is fixedly connected with the motor fixing seat, and an output shaft of the telescopic motor is positioned at the lower end of the telescopic motor and is opposite to the upper end plate.

Further, the fixing device of the fuel cell further comprises a compression plate, the compression plate is located above the upper end plate, and the output shaft of the telescopic motor is opposite to the compression plate.

Further, the fixing device of the fuel cell further comprises a compression frame, the compression frame comprises a sliding groove, a side fixing plate and a fixing bottom plate, the side fixing plate is vertically and fixedly connected with the fixing bottom plate, and the sliding groove is fixed on the side fixing plate; a sliding rail is arranged on one side face of the telescopic motor, and the sliding rail of the telescopic motor is connected with the sliding groove of the compression frame in a matched mode, so that the telescopic motor can move up and down along the sliding groove.

Further, the telescopic connecting rod comprises an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod, two guide grooves are formed in the left side and the right side of the upper connecting rod, guide rails are arranged in the left side and the right side of the connecting rod, and the guide rails are connected with the guide grooves in a matched mode, so that the upper connecting rod moves up and down along the lower connecting rod.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a cold start method of a fuel cell, which is operated in the fixing device of a fuel cell, comprising the steps of:

when the fuel cell is stopped and operated, the telescopic motor is started, and the output shaft of the telescopic motor downwards compresses the compression plate from an original rotation state, so that the electric pile is compressed, and the electric pile extrudes internal water to the pack shell; when the telescopic motor compresses the pile to a set thickness, stopping compressing;

after the set time, the output shaft of the telescopic motor restores the original rotation state.

After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the compression amount of the electric pile can be freely controlled by arranging the telescopic motor, the electric pile is compressed by the telescopic motor, and the water in the electric pile can be extruded out, so that the water in the electric pile can not be frozen under extreme weather conditions, and the electric pile is better protected; according to the compression frame, the size of the fixed bottom plate of the compression frame is set according to the actual conditions, so that the contact area between the fixed bottom plate and the compression plate is increased, the compression frame plays a role in buffering, the compression plate is protected, and the compression plate is uniformly stressed; the invention does not need to purge air for the anode in the electric pile, is simple and quick, and can greatly avoid the severe condition of low-temperature icing of moisture.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a telescopic motor, a compression frame, a compression plate, an upper end plate, a telescopic connecting rod and a lower end plate in the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the telescopic motor according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a compression plate according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the upper link of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a lower link according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the pack fixing housing of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a side surface of the pack fixing housing and the motor fixing base of the present invention.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other, and the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Example 1

The present embodiment discloses a fixing device for a fuel cell, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, including a telescopic motor 1, a compression frame 2, a compression plate 3, an upper end plate 4, a plurality of telescopic links 5, a lower end plate 6, a pack fixing housing 7 and a stack (the stack is not shown in the drawings), wherein the telescopic motor 1, the compression frame 2, the compression plate 3, the upper end plate 4, the plurality of telescopic links 5, the lower end plate 6 and the stack are all disposed in the pack fixing housing 7. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a sliding rail 12 is disposed on a side surface of the telescopic motor 1, the compression frame 2 includes a sliding groove 21, a side fixing plate 22 and a fixing bottom plate 23, the side fixing plate 22 is fixedly connected with the fixing bottom plate 23 vertically, the sliding groove 21 is fixed on the side fixing plate 22, and the sliding rail 12 of the telescopic motor 1 is cooperatively connected with the sliding groove 21 of the compression frame 2 so that the telescopic motor 1 can move up and down along the sliding groove 21, and an output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 is located at the lower end of the telescopic motor 1 and faces to the attaching fixing bottom plate 23. The fixed bottom plate 22 is fixed on the compression plate 3, the compression plate 3 is positioned on the upper end plate 4, the telescopic connecting rod 5 is vertically fixed on the upper end plate 4 and the lower end plate 6, the electric pile is positioned in the telescopic connecting rod 5, and the telescopic connecting rod 5 surrounds the electric pile and is used for fixing the electric pile. Preferably, the compression frame 2 is disposed at the top center of the compression plate 3.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the telescopic link 5 includes an upper link 51 and a lower link 52, two guide grooves 511 are provided on the left and right sides of the upper link 51, guide rails 521 are provided on the left and right sides of the link 52, and the guide rails 521 are cooperatively connected with the guide grooves 511, so that the upper link 51 moves up and down along the lower link 52.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, a motor fixing seat 71 is provided at the top of one side of the pack fixing housing 7, the fixing seat 71 is located in the pack fixing housing 7, and the motor fixing seat 71 is fixedly connected with the telescopic motor 1.

In the embodiment, the compression amount of the electric pile can be freely controlled by arranging the telescopic motor 1, the electric pile is compressed by the telescopic motor 1, and the moisture in the electric pile can be extruded. The electric pile is formed by overlapping a plurality of bipolar plates and a plurality of membrane electrodes in a staggered mode, and the bipolar plates and the membrane electrodes are sealed through sealing gaskets, and the sealing gaskets have telescopic characteristics.

Preferably, in the present embodiment, the output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 can directly act on the compression plate 3 without the compression frame 2, thereby compressing the entire stack. However, since the pressure of the output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 is relatively high, the compression plate 3 is easily crushed, and the compression plate 3 may receive unevenness, resulting in uneven force for compressing the stack. Therefore, the compression frame 2 can be additionally arranged, and the size of the fixed bottom plate 23 of the compression frame 2 is set according to the actual situation, so that the contact area between the fixed bottom plate 23 and the compression plate 3 is increased, the compression frame 2 plays a role in buffering left and right, the compression plate 3 is protected, and the compression plate 3 is uniformly stressed.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a cold start method of a fuel cell based on the fixing device of the embodiment 1, wherein the cold start method is operated in the fixing device and includes the following steps:

when the outdoor temperature is lower than a set threshold (such as zero degrees centigrade, freezing), the fixing device can intervene;

when the fuel cell is stopped and operated, the telescopic motor 1 is started, the output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 compresses the compression plate 3 downwards from an original rotation state (the original state is the production state of the telescopic motor 1, and the output shaft 11 cannot be continuously retracted into the telescopic motor 1), so that a galvanic pile is compressed; stopping compressing when the stack is compressed to a set thickness; the specific setting of the set thickness is determined according to the number of the bipolar plates and the membrane electrode plates of the electric pile; the stack is compressed, so that the stack extrudes internal water to the pack shell, and the fuel cell sweeps the pack shell, so that the water in the pack shell is blown away;

after the set time, the output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 is restored to the original rotation state; preferably, the set time is 1S; alternatively, when the fuel cell is next started up, the output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 is restored to the original state of rotation, so that the stack is restored to the original amount of compression (the original amount of compression refers to the factory height of the stack when the output shaft 11 of the telescopic motor 1 is in the original state of rotation).

According to the embodiment, the telescopic motor 1 is used for compressing the electric pile under the condition of low temperature, water in the electric pile can be directly extruded out, air purging is not needed for an anode in the electric pile, simplicity and rapidness are achieved, and the occurrence of severe conditions of low-temperature icing of water can be greatly avoided.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The cold starting method of the fuel cell is characterized in that the cold starting method is operated on a fixing device of the fuel cell, the fixing device comprises an upper end plate, a plurality of telescopic connecting rods, a lower end plate, a stack, a pack fixing shell, a compression plate and a telescopic motor, the upper end plate and the lower end plate are respectively positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of the stack, the telescopic connecting rods are positioned on the side surface of the stack, the upper end plate and the lower end plate are fixedly connected through the telescopic connecting rods, the telescopic motor, the upper end plate, the telescopic connecting rods, the lower end plate and the stack are positioned in the pack fixing shell, a motor fixing seat is arranged at the top of one side surface of the pack fixing shell, the telescopic motor is fixedly connected with the motor fixing seat, an output shaft of the telescopic motor is positioned at the lower end of the telescopic motor and is opposite to the upper end plate, and the compression plate is positioned on the upper end plate.