CN1159081C

CN1159081C - Shoes for both walking and skidding by applying force to them forward

Info

Publication number: CN1159081C
Application number: CNB021169748A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李春甫
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-04-28
Filing date: 2002-04-28
Publication date: 2004-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2022-04-28
Also published as: CN1376529A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a pair of double-purpose shoes for forwards applying force sliding and walking. Each shoe is composed of a shoe body, a support frame and at least two sliding wheels which can forwards and backwards rotate. The present invention is characterized in that each shoe also comprises a locking spanner and at least one one-way wheel, wherein the locking spanner is arranged on the support frame. When the sliding wheels are required not to rotate, the locking spanner rotates. Thus, the contact surface on the locking spanner can be respectively contacted with the end surfaces of each sliding wheel. Thereby, the sliding wheels are tightly clamped and can not rotate. The one-way wheel is respectively arranged on the front end or the front and the rear ends of the support frame of each shoe. Besides, when the one-way wheel has small rotating resistance, a special one-way wheel can be canceled. The sliding wheel on the most forward side below of shoe tip of the shoe body is changed into a one-way sliding wheel. In addition, a locking block can also replace the one-way wheel. The present invention is also characterized in that the sliding wheels and the one-way wheel have multiple arranging forms, such as a single arranging form or a multiple arranging form. The shoe has the advantages of convenient regulation, reasonable structure and safe use, and can be used for many kinds of environment for climbing stairs, taking a car, etc.

Description

Skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of walking instrument, relate in particular to a kind of skidding by applying force to them forward that can ride instead of walk, that serve many purposes and shoes for both walking.

Background technology

For making roller skate can have the walking-function same at any time with city shoe, the needs that adapt to multiple occasion and many users, the multiple technologies scheme has been arranged in the prior art, as disclosed in Chinese patent CN2441524, exercise question is " walking and sliding dual-purpose footwear ", it is by mounting and dismounting wheel carrier and pulley part, thereby realize the conversion of walking and wheel function, it is loaded down with trivial details that its operation is slightly disliked, and after service time is long, it is bigger to wear and tear, and joint is installed is easy to become flexible, and has shortened service life.In addition, the in line dual-purpose shoe of a kind of CRUX is disclosed in Chinese patent CN2467131, these footwear are equipped with the base pedestal on sole, on the base pedestal, be equipped with pulley contracting mechanism and locking mechanism, the pulley contracting mechanism comprises pulley, pulley support pin, drive link, pulley is loaded on the pulley support pin, and the pulley support pin is contained on the base pedestal, and drive link links to each other each pulley support pin.But its complex structure, cost height, the difficult popularization.Particularly importantly, present most of roller skate be by the footwear and " oblique " active force of ground (comparing) with people's direct of travel make the people advance, direction of retreat motion, thereby very big difference is arranged with people's normal walking, and the walking of " oblique " active force takies the lateral space of a lot of human bodies, like this on crowded road, can stand in other's way, and very dangerous.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the weak point that prior art exists, a kind of improved roller skate is provided, it is easy to adjust that it is had, rational in infrastructure, safe in utilization, laborsaving, and can go upstairs, wait under many environment by bus and use.

Summary of the invention

For achieving the above object, the present invention has designed skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking, and in the first string of the present invention, the sliding wheel that this dual-purpose shoe can forward with latter two direction be rotated by footwear main body, support, two is at least formed.It is characterized in that this dual-purpose shoe also comprises a stop spanner.The stop spanner is arranged on the support, and between per two sliding wheels, when needs do not rotate these sliding wheels, promptly under the situation that needs use this dual-purpose shoe when normal footwear, for example walking, go upstairs, by bus the time, just rotate this stop spanner, the contact-making surface on the stop spanner can be contacted with two end faces of two sliding wheels respectively, it can not be rotated thereby clamp sliding wheel with hand.Another special character of the present invention is that this dual-purpose shoe also comprises at least one one-way wheel.Described one-way wheel is separately positioned on the front end or front-end and back-end of the support that is positioned at footwear.The diameter of this sliding wheel is preferably within 20mm～300mm scope, and the diameter of one-way wheel is less than the diameter of sliding wheel, when sliding forward or walking, the ankle of a movable pin allows rear heel lift, and forefoot firmly, thereby the one-way wheel 4 of footwear is landed, and sliding wheel is liftoff.Like this, rely on the one-way wheel can only one-directional rotation and the characteristic of oppositely not changeing, the driving force that just can make the people all forward, the common roller skate of the force rate that moves ahead decomposes the resulting part power that moves ahead by side force to be wanted greatly.Therefore, with common roller skate to both sides pedal and slide and different be, this practical dual-purpose shoe can just can be realized lengthwisely sliding or walking with less strength, normally walks or during running as the people.Can preferably this one-way wheel be arranged on ground clearance in the scope of 2～90mm.In addition, owing to adopted one-way wheel,, make the people be difficult for falling, and owing to used two one-way wheels, so can realize the timely brake of just sliding, back skating and two directions so when sliding and driving two kinds of actions and carry out conversion, increased stability.

The formation of second scheme of the present invention is that this dual-purpose shoe is made up of footwear main body, support, a stop spanner, two sliding wheels at least.Wherein, this stop spanner is arranged on the support, and between per two sliding wheels, when needs do not rotate these two sliding wheels, promptly under the situation that needs use this dual-purpose shoe when normal footwear, for example walking, go upstairs, by bus the time, just rotate this stop spanner with hand, contact-making surface on the stop spanner can be contacted with two end faces of two sliding wheels respectively, it can not be rotated thereby clamp sliding wheel.Compare its difference is above-mentioned one-way wheel cancellation with first kind of scheme, the substitute is in the front end or the front-end and back-end of support and be respectively arranged with scotch, at this moment, in the time will sliding forward or walk, the ankle of a movable pin allows rear heel lift, and forefoot firmly, thereby sliding wheel is liftoff with making the scotch 4 ' of footwear.Like this, rely on the effect of this scotch with kicking backward, the driving force that just can make the people all forward, the common roller skate of the force rate that moves ahead decomposes the resulting part power that moves ahead by side force to be wanted greatly.Therefore, with common roller skate to both sides pedal and slide and different be, this practical dual-purpose shoe can just can be realized lengthwisely sliding or walking with less strength, normally walks or during running as the people.Such roller skate is particularly useful for scrunching fireballing people, equally applicable to sliding forward and backward, slides the conversion with walking, and can stair activity and needs by bus.

Another special character of the present invention is that described stop spanner is by pinch bar when described sliding wheel is positioned at two supports middle, pin, and bolt fixture block and nut fixture block are formed.In addition, when sliding wheel was positioned at the outside of support, described stop spanner was by pinch bar, pin, and bolt fixture block and nut are formed, and described nut is welding and being fixed on the support.

More preferably,, can cancel ad hoc separate room wheel, and foremost one that will be positioned at the toe cap below of footwear main body slides to wheel and is changed to unidirectional sliding wheel when one-way wheel steering drag hour.

More preferably, the number of described sliding wheel is 2 to 4, and the number of described one-way wheel is 1 to 4.

In addition, another feature of the present invention is that described sliding wheel and one-way wheel have multiple spread pattern, by row, two kinds of single row type and many rows formulas is arranged, and by the number of one-way wheel, multiple situations such as an one-way wheel, two one-way wheels and a plurality of one-way wheels is arranged.

In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of dual-purpose shoe, this dual-purpose shoe is by the footwear main body, support, one can before and after the two directions sliding wheels that rotate form, it is characterized in that, this dual-purpose shoe also comprises a stop spanner and two one-way wheels, the stop spanner is arranged on the support, and be positioned near the sliding wheel part, like this, when needs do not rotate these sliding wheels, rotate this stop spanner with hand, the clamping plate on the stop spanner can be contacted with the end face of described sliding wheel, thereby clamp sliding wheel it can not be rotated, described one-way wheel is separately positioned on the front-end and back-end of the support that is positioned at footwear.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing content of the present invention is described in detail.

Fig. 1 is the topology view of skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking in the first embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 is the topology view of skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking in the second embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is the configuration diagram that Fig. 1 ends the stop fixture block of wrench;

Fig. 4 be among the present invention when sliding wheel is positioned at the outside of support, the configuration diagram of the stop fixture block of stop spanner;

Fig. 5 (a)～5 (c) is the schematic diagram of the various arrangement modes of the single row type structure of corresponding sliding wheel and one-way wheel among the present invention, and has indicated the position of stop spanner respectively;

Fig. 6 (a)～6 (zz) is the schematic diagram of the various arrangement modes of many rows formula structure of corresponding sliding wheel and one-way wheel among the present invention, and has indicated the position of stop spanner respectively.

When the special one-way wheel that is provided with of Fig. 7 (a)～Fig. 7 (d) expression cancellation and general-individual sliding wheel are arranged to unidirectional sliding wheel, the arranging situation schematic diagram of various wheels, and indicated the position of stop spanner respectively.

Fig. 8 (a)～Fig. 8 (d) expression is changed to the scotch elbow to one-way wheel, the arranging situation schematic diagram of various wheels, and indicated the position of stop spanner respectively.

The specific embodiment mode

In first embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figure 1, this dual-purpose shoe is made up of footwear main body 1, support 2, two sliding wheels 3.It is characterized in that this dual-purpose shoe also comprises a stop spanner 5.This stop spanner 5 is arranged on the support 2, and between two sliding wheels 3, when needs do not rotate these two sliding wheels, promptly under the situation that needs use this dual-purpose shoe when normal footwear, for example walking, go upstairs, by bus the time, just rotate this stop spanner 5 (concrete structure of this stop spanner will describe in detail below) with hand, contact-making surface 9 on the stop spanner 5 can be contacted with two end faces of two sliding wheels respectively, it can not be rotated thereby clamp sliding wheel.Another special character of the present invention is that this dual-purpose shoe also comprises two one-way wheels 4, and these two one-way wheels are separately positioned on the front-end and back-end of the support that is positioned at footwear.The diameter of this sliding wheel is preferably within 20mm～300mm scope, and the diameter of one-way wheel is less than the diameter of sliding wheel.When sliding forward or walking, the ankle of a movable pin allows rear heel lift, and forefoot is exerted oneself, thereby the one-way wheel 4 of footwear is landed, and sliding wheel is liftoff.Like this, rely on the one-way wheel can only one-directional rotation and the characteristic of oppositely not changeing, the driving force that just can make the people all forward, the common roller skate of the force rate that moves ahead decomposes the resulting part power that moves ahead by side force to be wanted greatly.Therefore, with common roller skate to both sides pedal and slide and different be, the strength that the dual-purpose shoe among the present invention can be less just can realize lengthwisely sliding or walking, and normally walks or during running as the people.Preferably, this one-way wheel ground clearance is in the scope of 2～90mm.In addition, owing to adopted one-way wheel,, make the people be difficult for falling, and owing to used two one-way wheels, so can realize the timely brake of just sliding, back skating and two directions so when sliding and driving two kinds of actions and carry out conversion, increased stability.

In addition,, can only an one-way wheel be installed, can realize above-mentioned functions equally at the front end of this support as a kind of modification of present embodiment.Therefore, one-way wheel in the present embodiment can have multiple situation with the number that slides to wheel, and the number of described sliding wheel is 2 to 4, and the number of described one-way wheel is 1 to 4.

Below, describe with reference to 2 pairs of second schemes of the present invention of accompanying drawing.As shown in Figure 2, this dual-purpose shoe is made up of footwear main body 1, support 2, stop spanner 5, two sliding wheels 3.Wherein, this stop spanner 5 is arranged on the support 2, and between two sliding wheels 3, when these two sliding wheels of needs do not rotate, promptly under the situation that needs use this dual-purpose shoe when normal footwear, for example walking, go upstairs, by bus the time, just rotate this stop spanner with hand, the contact-making surface 9 of stop spanner 5 can be contacted with two end faces of two sliding wheels respectively, it can not be rotated thereby clamp sliding wheel.Compare its difference is above-mentioned one-way wheel cancellation with first kind of scheme, the substitute is in the front-end and back-end of support and be respectively arranged with scotch 4 ', this scotch is the quadrant arcuation, be fixedly mounted on the front-end and back-end of support by two pins, such roller skate is particularly useful for scrunching fireballing people, equally applicable to sliding forward and backward, slide the conversion with walking, and can stair activity and needs by bus.

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing 3 and Fig. 4 stop spanner 5 of the present invention is described.

When sliding wheel 3 is positioned at two supports 2 middle, as shown in Figure 3, state when representing stop spanner 5 sliding wheel not to be locked, this support 2 is provided with a square hole 10, the nut fixture block 11 of square toes is passed this square hole 10, be provided with screwed hole in this nut fixture block 11, a bolt fixture block 8 that has contact-making surface 9, described bolt fixture block 8 is provided with a boss 13 in bolt part along the direction perpendicular to the bolt axis, a side surface of this boss 13 is contact 9, a screwed end is extend in this screwed hole, its other end is placed in the pinch bar 6 by pin 7.Like this, when needs locking sliding wheel,, contact-making surface 9 is all closely contacted with the side surface of two sliding wheels, thereby their are locked and can not rotate again just by rotate the pinch bar 6 of this stop spanner 5 with hand.

Because sliding wheel 3 can have multiple arrangement mode in the present invention, so when sliding wheel is positioned at the outside of support 2, structure such as Fig. 4 of this stop spanner 5 represent, described stop spanner 5 is by pinch bar 6, pin 7, bolt fixture block 8 and nut 12 are formed, wherein, on described support 2, be provided with a hole 10, relative sliding wheel, described nut 12 is welded on the opposite side of support 2, and its axis is overlapped substantially with the axis in hole 10, at support with the lining near the sliding wheel part, described bolt fixture block 8 is provided with clamping plate 13 ' in bolt part on the direction perpendicular to the bolt axis, these clamping plate with support 2 on 10 relevant positions, hole on also have one can be by the hole of bolt part, and these clamping plate are fixed by welding on the bolt fixture block 8, and a side surface of these clamping plate 13 ' as contact-making surface 9, is extend into these bolt fixture block 8 screwed ends in the nut 12, and its other end is placed on pinch bar 6 by pin 7.

In addition, another feature of the present invention is that described sliding wheel and one-way wheel have the form of multiple arrangement, by row, two kinds of single row type and many rows formulas is arranged, by the number of one-way wheel, multiple situations such as an one-way wheel, two one-way wheels and a plurality of one-way wheels are arranged.Fig. 5 (a)～5 (c) is the schematic diagram of the various arrangement modes of the single row type structure of corresponding sliding wheel and one-way wheel among the present invention, and has indicated the position of stop spanner respectively; Wherein Fig. 5 (a) expression has the situation of a sliding wheel and two one-way wheels, this dual-purpose shoe is by footwear main body 1, support 2, one can before and after the two directions sliding wheels 3 that rotate form, it is characterized in that, this dual-purpose shoe also comprises a stop spanner 5 and two one-way wheels 4, stop spanner 5 is arranged on the support 2, and be positioned near outside the sliding wheel, like this, when needs do not rotate these sliding wheels, rotate this stop spanner with hand, clamping plate on the stop spanner can be contacted with the end face of described sliding wheel, thereby clamp sliding wheel it can not be rotated, described one-way wheel 4 is separately positioned on the front-end and back-end of the support that is positioned at footwear, in such cases, sliding wheel can be done more greatly, can adapt to smooth inadequately road surface; Fig. 5 (b) expression has the situation of two sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, and in such cases, roller skate is more steady when sliding, and higher sliding speed is arranged; Fig. 5 (c) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, and in such cases, roller skate is steady when sliding.Fig. 6 (a)～6 (zz) is the schematic diagram of the various arrangement modes of many rows formula structure of corresponding sliding wheel and one-way wheel among the present invention, and indicated the position of stop spanner respectively, Fig. 6 (a) expression has the situation of two (side by side) sliding wheels and an one-way wheel, Fig. 6 (b) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and an one-way wheel, Fig. 6 (c) expression another kind has the situation of three sliding wheels and an one-way wheel, Fig. 6 (d) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels and an one-way wheel, Fig. 6 (e) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels and an one-way wheel, Fig. 6 (f) expression has the situation of two sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (g) expression another kind has the situation of two sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (h) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (I) expression another kind has the situation of three sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (j) represents that another has the situation of three sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (k) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (1) expression another kind has the situation of three sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (m) represents that another has the situation of four sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (n) represents that another has the situation of four sliding wheels and two one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (o) expression has the situation of two sliding wheels and three one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (p) expression has the situation of two sliding wheels and four one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (q) expression another kind has the situation of two sliding wheels and four one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (r) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and three one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (s) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and four one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (t) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and three one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (u) expression has the situation of two sliding wheels and three one-way wheels, (v) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and three one-way wheels to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 (w) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels and four one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (x) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels and three one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (y) expression has only the situation of four sliding wheels and four one-way wheels, Fig. 6 (z) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels and three one-way wheels, and Fig. 6 (zz) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels and four one-way wheels; In addition,, can cancel the ad hoc wheel of singly asking when one-way wheel steering drag hour, and will be positioned at below the toe cap, top sliding wheel changes unidirectional sliding wheel 3 ' into.The various arranging situations of wheel specifically can be referring to shown in Fig. 7 (a)～Fig. 7 (d); And indicated the position of stop spanner respectively; Wherein Fig. 7 (a) expression has a sliding wheel 3 of single row type and the situation of a unidirectional sliding wheel 3 ', 7 (b) expression has two sliding wheels of single row type and the situation of a unidirectional sliding wheel, 7 (c) expression has two sliding wheels of double-row type and the situation of two unidirectional sliding wheels, and 7 (d) expression has two sliding wheels of double-row type and the situation of a unidirectional sliding wheel.In addition, when Fig. 8 (a)～Fig. 8 (d) expression is changed to scotch to one-way wheel, the arranging situation schematic diagram of various wheels, and indicated the position of stop spanner respectively; Wherein Fig. 8 (a) expression has the situation of two sliding wheels of single row type, scotch 4 ' is a circular shape as shown in the figure, Fig. 8 (b) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels of single row type, Fig. 8 (c) expression has the situation of four sliding wheels of double-row type, and Fig. 8 (d) expression has the situation of three sliding wheels of double-row type.

Compared with prior art the present invention has following advantage; At first, owing to be provided with one-way wheel or scotch,, only depend on the less strength of user's foot just can realize lengthwisely sliding or walking, normally walk or during running as the people so need not any external energy; Secondly, the present invention integrates the advantage of bicycle and roller skate, rely on autowrench can realize easily sliding and walking between conversion, can adapt to multiple occasion and use; In addition, the present invention has advantages such as cost is low, volume is small and exquisite, in light weight, easy to carry, all can as the vehicles or physical training utensil.

Each preferred embodiment of the present invention more than has been described, but the present invention is not limited to the foregoing description, self-evident, also can in the scope that does not break away from aim of the present invention, do more the variation, this still falls into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1, skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking, these footwear are by footwear main body (1), support (2), at least one can before and after the two directions sliding wheels (3) that rotate form, it is characterized in that: this roller skate also comprises a stop spanner (5) and at least one one-way wheel (4), stop spanner (5) is arranged on the support (2), and between per two sliding wheels or near the sliding wheel part, like this, when needs do not rotate these sliding wheels, rotate this stop spanner with hand, contact-making surface (9) on the stop spanner can be contacted with two end faces of two sliding wheels respectively, thereby clamp sliding wheel it can not be rotated, described one-way wheel (4) is separately positioned on the front-end and back-end of the support that is positioned at footwear.

2, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 1 and shoes for both walking is characterized in that, described sliding wheel (3) is at least two.

3, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 2 and shoes for both walking is characterized in that, have adopted scotch (4 ') to replace described one-way wheel (4).

4, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 2 and shoes for both walking it is characterized in that the diameter of sliding wheel (3) is arranged within 20mm～300mm scope, and the diameter of one-way wheel are less than the diameter of sliding wheel.

5, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 2 and shoes for both walking is characterized in that described one-way wheel (4) ground clearance is in the scope of 2～90mm when sliding wheel (3) when landing entirely.

6, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 3 and shoes for both walking is characterized in that described scotch (4 ') ground clearance is in the scope of 2～90mm when sliding wheel (3) when landing entirely.

7, as claim 2 or 3 described skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking, it is characterized in that when sliding wheel (3) is positioned at two supports (2) middle, described stop spanner (5) is by pinch bar (6), pin (7), bolt fixture block (8), the nut fixture block (11) of band square toes is formed, wherein, on described support (2), be provided with a square hole (10), the square toes of this nut fixture block (11) can pass this square hole (10), be provided with screwed hole in this nut fixture block (11), described bolt fixture block (8) is provided with a boss (13) in bolt part on the direction perpendicular to the bolt axis, a side surface of this boss is contact-making surface (9), and the screwed end of this bolt fixture block (8) is extend in this screwed hole, and its other end is placed on pinch bar (6) by pin (7).

8, as claim 2 or 3 described skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking, it is characterized in that when sliding wheel (3) is positioned at the outside of support (2), described stop spanner (5) is by pinch bar (6), pin (7), bolt fixture block (8), nut (12) is formed, wherein, on described support (2), be provided with a hole (10), relative sliding wheel, described nut (12) is welded on the opposite side of support (2), and just its axis overlaps substantially with the axis of hole (10), at support with the lining near the sliding wheel part, described bolt fixture block (8) bolt part is provided with clamping plate (13 ') along the direction perpendicular to the bolt axis, these clamping plate also have the hole that can pass through the bolt part on the relevant position, these clamping plate are fixed by welding on the bolt fixture block (8), and a side surface of these clamping plate (13 ') is as contact-making surface (9), the screwed end of this bolt fixture block (8) is extend in the nut (12), and its other end is placed on pinch bar (6) by pin (7).

9, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 2 and shoes for both walking, it is characterized in that when one-way wheel (4) steering drag hour, can cancel ad hoc one-way wheel, and foremost one that will be positioned at the toe cap below of footwear main body (1) slides to wheel (3) and is changed to unidirectional sliding wheel (3 ').

10, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 2 and shoes for both walking, the number that it is characterized in that described sliding wheel are 2 to 4, and the number of described one-way wheel is 1 to 4.

11, as claim 2 or 3 described skidding by applying force to them forward and shoes for both walking, it is characterized in that described sliding wheel (3) and one-way wheel (4)/scotch (4 ') have multiple arrangement mode, can be single row type or many rows formula.

12, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 3 and shoes for both walking is characterized in that described sliding wheel (3) and scotch (4 ') have multiple arrangement mode, can be single row type or many rows formula.

13, skidding by applying force to them forward as claimed in claim 9 and shoes for both walking is characterized in that described sliding wheel (3) and unidirectional sliding wheel (3 ') have multiple arrangement mode, can be single row type or many rows formula.