CN115903038A - Deep water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction method - Google Patents
Deep water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a deep water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction method, which comprises the following steps: (1) Establishing a deep water lithologic trap development mode through construction-sedimentation slope fracture and deep water sedimentation analysis; (2) Determining an advantage stacking angle through elastic impedance rock physical analysis to obtain reservoir identification data; (3) Obtaining a pseudo-elastic impedance body through the reservoir identification data in the step (2), and identifying the sandstone reservoir distribution; (4) Three-dimensional stereo recognition and search of lithologic trap targets by using a relative geologic age body method and an earthquake geomorphology method; (5) Quantitatively depicting the lithologic trap boundary through pinch-out model forward modeling. The method can be used for lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction under the conditions that the deep water sand-rich mold deposition environment, longitudinal wave impedance and conventional full-superposition data are difficult to accurately identify the reservoir and the sand-shale boundary is fuzzy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of oil-gas exploration, and relates to a method for identifying and quantitatively depicting deep-water sedimentary lithologic trap.
Background
Deep water lithologic trap exploration is a hot spot and a difficult point of oil and gas exploration at home and abroad at present. The research area integrally presents a large monoclinic structure background, the stratum is relatively gentle, and a large-sized structural trap is lacked, so that a pure lithologic trap is mainly found. The target layer is in a deep water sand-rich sediment environment with multi-stage sediment body development, sand bodies are longitudinally overlapped with one another and are distributed on a plane in a connecting manner, the physical characteristics of rocks and seismic response are complex and various, the lithologic trap of the region is difficult to effectively implement by a conventional method, and the evaluation of exploration potential is seriously influenced.
Normally, deep water sediment has obvious sediment undercut form on a seismic section and obvious amplitude abnormality on conventional full stack data, so an interpreter is usually adopted to directly interpret sediment top and bottom envelopes on the full stack data, and a qualitative implementation boundary range is combined with full stack amplitude attributes. However, when the sedimentary body in the development multi-stage, the undercut form is not obvious, the sand-mud rock is difficult to distinguish on the parameters such as the full-superposition data, the common longitudinal wave impedance, the longitudinal wave velocity ratio and the transverse wave velocity ratio, and the like, and the trap boundary is fuzzy, the lithologic trap is difficult to implement by the traditional method.
The specific conventional methods have the following disadvantages: (1) Under the influence of basin overpressure, the velocity difference between sandstone and surrounding rock in a research area is very small, the AVO types are various, the seismic response is complex, and meanwhile, the identification of a reservoir is interfered by seismic reflection caused by impedance difference inside the surrounding rock, so that elastic parameters such as longitudinal wave impedance, vp/Vs and the like and fully-overlapped data which are effective in the identification of the reservoir in other areas are difficult to accurately identify the reservoir in the research area; (2) The deep water sediment bodies in multiple stages of development of a research area are mutually cut and stacked, the seismic section does not have the appearance characteristics of the deep water sediment typical sediment bodies in other areas, and sand bodies are difficult to explain by using a manual top-bottom envelope explanation mode of the traditional sediment bodies; (3) The sand bodies on the plane are widely distributed, and the sand shale boundary is fuzzy, so that the conventional qualitative identification and lithologic delineation method has strong multi-resolution, and the reliability of the delineation effectiveness judgment, the determination of the delineation scale and the oil and gas reservoir analysis is influenced.
Therefore, a set of effective deep-water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and drawing method is urgently to be established, and lithologic trap drawing precision is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a deep water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction method which can be used for lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction under the conditions that a deep water sand-rich sedimentary environment, longitudinal wave impedance and conventional full-superposition data are difficult to accurately identify a reservoir and a sandstone-shale boundary is fuzzy.
In order to achieve the technical effect, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a deep water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing a deepwater lithologic trap development mode through construction-sedimentation slope fracture and sedimentation analysis;
(2) Determining an advantage stacking angle through elastic impedance rock physical analysis to obtain reservoir identification data;
(3) Obtaining a pseudo-elastic impedance body through the reservoir identification data in the step (2), and identifying the sandstone reservoir distribution;
(4) Three-dimensional stereo recognition and search of lithologic trap targets by using a relative geologic age body method and an earthquake geomorphology method;
(5) Quantitatively depicting the lithologic trap boundary through pinch-out model forward modeling.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the construction-deposition slope fold in the step (1) is a stratum deflection slope fold which is developed on the basis of the substrate bulge and has a multi-stage slope fold structure with a plurality of slope fold steps.
In the present invention, for the multi-stage slope-fold structure, the specific number of the slope-fold steps is determined by the specific slope-fold structure of the research area, and is not specifically limited herein.
Preferably, the deep water deposition mode of multi-stage slope-fold relay conveying and step unloading is obtained through the construction-deposition slope-fold analysis in the step (1).
In the invention, when the deepwater sediment sand body is further pushed and conveyed to the slope-folded zone, the gravity flow sand-carrying capacity is enhanced due to the abrupt change of the terrain slope, and then the debris is conveyed to the next grade of slope-folded step along the slope-folded zone, so that a multistage slope-folded 'relay conveying and step-by-step unloading' deepwater sediment mode is formed.
Preferably, the sandstone pinch-out strip deposited in the way is formed at each grade of slope fold line in the deep water deposition mode.
In the invention, in a deep water sedimentation mode, the multi-level slope fold not only controls the conveying and unloading of sand bodies, but also more importantly forms a sandstone pinch-out zone of the over-road sedimentation at each level of the slope fold line, and provides favorable geological conditions for forming pinch-out in an upward inclining direction under the background of sand-rich deep water sedimentation.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the deep lithologic trap development mode in the step (1) is a mode for controlling upward inclination and pinch-out and lateral blocking of a muddy water channel by constructing a slope break.
In the invention, in the relative sea level ascending period, due to the gravity collapse effect in the land slope and the multistage slope folding zone, a certain amount and scale of muddy water channels are developed after the sediment of the sandy water channels. The undercutting erosion capability of the muddy water channel controls the scale of the lithologic trap, and the muddy water channel in the later period has large scale and strong undercutting erosion capability, and can form plane cutting on the sandy water channel deposited in the earlier period, thereby controlling the plugging of the lithologic trap flank; when the argillaceous water channel is small in scale and weak in undercutting erosion capacity, the sandy water channel is difficult to perform plane separation, and the deepwater lithologic trap mainly depends on the semi-deepwater argillaceous surrounding rock to perform flank plugging to form the lithologic trap.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method for the elastic impedance rock physical analysis in the step (2) comprises the following steps: and comparing the rock physical characteristics of the earthquake elastic parameters at different angles, and screening the superposition angle with the largest sand shale difference and the smallest background shale fluctuation interference.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the advantage superposition angle in the step (2) comprises a near track, a middle track, a far track or an ultra-far track.
In the invention, the preferential stacking angle is preferably far way or ultra-far way aiming at the research area of the invention. However, for other research areas, since the rock physical properties may change, when determining the dominant superposition angle, the dominant superposition angle may be near or middle.
The method aims at the problem that conventional stacked seismic data are difficult to identify reservoirs due to the fact that the deepwater sediment body in a research area is stacked in multiple periods and the wave impedance cannot accurately distinguish sand shale. Through elastic impedance rock physical analysis, carefully comparing rock physical characteristics of seismic elastic parameters at different angles, screening out a superposition angle which can most highlight sand-shale difference and has minimum background-shale internal difference interference, and preferably selecting seismic response data of the superposition angle as dominant angle superposition data for sand body identification.
In the present invention, the elastic impedance calculation formula is as follows (Connlly, 1999):
EI(θ)＝V p a V s b ρ c wherein θ is the incident angle, a =1 (+) sin 2 θ，b＝-8Ksin 2 θ，c＝1-4Ksin 2 Theta, K is a constant, usually taken (Vs/Vp) 2 Average value of (a).
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method for identifying sandstone reservoir distribution in step (3) includes: and performing inversion on the pseudo-elastic impedance body with the advantage superposition angle, and identifying the deep-water sediment sand body with the weak velocity difference by using the pseudo-elastic impedance body with the advantage superposition angle.
In the invention, the method for identifying sandstone reservoir distribution effectively converts the seismic interface information into the stratum information, and can obviously improve the identification capability of sand bodies compared with the conventional earthquake which reflects the interface information. Based on the advantage stack angle pseudo-elasticity impedance body, the sand body is changeed in horizontal pursuit, and sand body discernment certainty is stronger.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the method for correlating geologic time in step (4) comprises: and calculating to obtain the isochronous stratigraphic slice by using a method for generating relative geological time bodies based on a global optimization algorithm.
After the isochronous stratigraphic slices are obtained, under the constraint of a fine isochronous stratigraphic framework, the isochronous stratigraphic slices are utilized to stack angle pseudoelastic impedance bodies for effectively representing the advantages of sand bodies, and the isochronous stratigraphic slice attribute extraction is carried out.
In the invention, a method of using relative geologic age bodies and a seismic geomorphology method are adopted, and a relative isochronous interface envelope interpretation mode ensures that seismic interpretation is more reliable in a sand-rich environment, reduces the ambiguity of trap implementation, and simultaneously realizes block multi-oil-gas field and multi-target connected interpretation and research.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the pinch-out model forward modeling in the step (5) comprises the steps of establishing a stratum model from which the sand thickness gradually changes to pinch-out according to actual drilling well logging data, carrying out dominant stack angle seismic forward modeling aiming at the model, and counting a change curve of seismic amplitude and sand thickness.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the method for quantitatively depicting the lithologic trap boundary in the step (5) comprises the following steps: and according to the variation curve of the seismic amplitude and the sand body thickness of the preferred data, taking the amplitude value when the sand body thickness is zero as a threshold value of the trap boundary, and trapping the trap range through the threshold value to finish the quantitative depiction of the trap boundary.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) Through the analysis and optimization of the advantage data, the sandstone reservoir distribution range which is difficult to identify in the prior art and the full-stack data is identified;
(2) The method breaks through the traditional sediment body top and bottom enveloping interpretation implementation trapping mode, and is more suitable for the deep water sediment lithologic trapping implementation with complicated sediment and no obvious sediment body appearance on the section;
(3) The method has the advantages that the sand body boundary depiction ranges from qualitative to quantitative, the enclosure range is accurately depicted, and the multi-resolution of the traditional manual enclosure boundary is reduced;
(4) The actual lithologic trap is more reliable under the guidance of the trap development mode;
(5) A set of lithologic trap identification and characterization technology combination suitable for the deepwater sand-rich sediment environment is established.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plot of the tectonic and stratigraphic development characteristics of a study area;
FIG. 2a is a seismic reflection signature of a conventional (West African block) deep water sediment;
FIG. 2b is a seismic reflection characteristic diagram of a deep water sediment body in a research area (a certain block in south America);
FIG. 3 is a diagram of analysis of petrophysical intersection of longitudinal wave impedance and longitudinal and transverse wave velocity ratio parameters in a study region;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a method for identifying and quantitatively depicting deep water sedimentary lithologic traps provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the development pattern of the lithologic trap of the deep water clastic rock in the embodiment;
FIG. 6a is an elastic impedance diagram of sandstone and mudstone at different angles in the example;
FIG. 6b is a cross plot of the near path elastic impedance and the far path elastic impedance of the embodiment;
FIG. 7a is a seismic profile of the stacked data of different angles such as full stack, near track, middle track, far track, etc. in the embodiment;
FIG. 7b is a seismic profile and plane property plot of the fully stacked and the long-path stacked data passing through the well at different angles in the example;
FIG. 8a is an embodiment of the far-pass overlay data;
FIG. 8b is the data of the pseudoelastic resistor inversion in the example;
FIG. 9a is a cross-sectional view of the deep water sediment body with an interpreted envelope of a relatively isochronous interface in the embodiment;
FIG. 9b is a plane distribution diagram of the deposition body based on the plane property in the embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a section view of the boundary seismic reflection types of two sandstone reservoirs in the embodiment;
FIG. 11a is a diagram of an embodiment of a wedge model based on actual well data;
FIG. 11b is a forward modeling result diagram of the wedge-shaped model in the embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a graph depicting a trap boundary based on an amplitude threshold in an embodiment.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the appended claims.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the invention and to facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions thereof, typical but non-limiting examples of the invention are as follows:
the research area of the specific implementation mode part of the invention is a certain calm passive margin basin deep water area of the western Atlantic west bank.
As shown in FIG. 1, the whole research area presents a large monoclinic structure background, the stratum is relatively gentle, and large-scale structural traps are lacked, so that pure lithologic traps are mainly found. The target layer is in the deep water sand-rich deposition environment with multi-stage deposited body development, the sand bodies are longitudinally overlapped with each other, and the sand bodies are distributed on the plane in a connecting manner.
Conventional deep water sediments have obvious sediment body shape and amplitude abnormality on a conventional full stack seismic section as shown in fig. 2 (a), and can be identified and closed by explaining sediment body top and bottom envelopes. As shown in fig. 2 (b), the research area is in a sand-rich deep water fan deposition environment, the sediment body has no obvious appearance characteristics, longitudinal multi-phase superposition, plane mutual cutting and fuzzy boundary, the reservoir distribution is difficult to identify through seismic interpretation, and a serious challenge is brought to trap implementation.
As shown in fig. 3, conventionally, compressional wave impedance and compressional-compressional wave velocity ratio parameters effective in reservoir prediction of other regions are difficult to distinguish sandstone and mudstone in a research region, the sandstone and the mudstone on a cross plot have more overlapping regions, and reservoir identification has stronger ambiguity.
Examples
The embodiment provides a method for identifying and quantitatively depicting deep water sedimentary lithologic trap, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishing a deep water lithologic trap development mode through construction-sedimentation slope fracture analysis and sedimentation analysis;
specifically, the present embodiment studies 4 types of regional development fracture slope folds, sedimentary slope folds, flexural slope folds, and formation-sedimentary slope folds, in which the formation-sedimentary slope folds that develop in deep water land slope regions are, as shown in fig. 5, of formation-sedimentary composite slope folds and are closely related to the formation of lithologic traps. Controlled by regional extrusion stress, the stratum of the land slope region forms an upward arch structure close to the NW-SE trend, and then the overlying stratum forms an inherited sedimentary slope fold, so that a multistage slope fold belt is formed. Meanwhile, the stratum of the middle-lower land slope where the research area is located is relatively gentle, the stratum inclination angle is only about 1 degree, and the inclination angle of the slope fold zone reaches 3-10 degrees, so that a plurality of slope fold steps are formed in the middle-lower land slope, each level of gentle slope fold steps become a high-quality place for unloading deep water sand bodies, and deep water deposition mainly comprising weak limiting-non-limiting water channels and leaves with no obvious undercut erosion and good internal sand body connectivity is formed. When the deep water sediment sand body is further pushed and conveyed to the slope fold zone, the gravity flow sand carrying capacity is enhanced due to the abrupt change of the terrain slope, and then the fragments are conveyed to the next slope fold step along the slope fold zone, so that a multistage slope fold 'relay conveying and step-by-step unloading' deep water sediment mode is formed. Under the deposition mode, the multi-stage slope fold not only controls the conveying and unloading of sand bodies, but also more importantly forms a sandstone pinch-out zone of the over-road deposition at each stage of slope fold line, and provides favorable geological conditions for forming pinch-out in the upward inclining direction under the background of sand-rich deep water deposition.
In the relative sea level ascending period, due to the gravity collapse effect of the land slope and the multistage slope folding zone, a certain amount of muddy water channels with certain scale are developed after the sediment of the sandy water channels. The undercutting erosion capability of the argillaceous water channel controls the lithologic trap scale, and the argillaceous water channel in the late period has large scale and strong undercutting erosion capability and can form plane cutting on the sandy water channel deposited in the early period, so that the lithologic trap flank is controlled to be plugged; when the argillaceous canal has small scale and weak undercutting erosion capability, the sandy canal is difficult to perform plane separation, and the deepwater lithologic trap mainly depends on the semi-deepwater argillaceous surrounding rocks to perform flank plugging to form the lithologic trap.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of construction-deposition slope fracture and deposition, a deep water lithologic trap development mode of 'construction-deposition slope fracture control upward inclination pinch-out and muddy water channel lateral plugging' is established.
(2) Determining an advantage stacking angle through elastic impedance rock physical analysis to obtain reservoir identification data;
specifically, as shown in fig. 6 (a), as can be seen from a cross plot of longitudinal wave impedance and burial depth commonly used in reservoir identification, sandstone and mudstone have high overlapping degree and are difficult to distinguish accurately, and a significant impedance difference also exists in the mudstone, which can cause strong amplitude reflection to interfere with sandstone reservoir identification; the longitudinal wave impedance mainly reflects the elastic characteristic that the incident angle is zero, while the elastic impedance can reflect the elastic characteristic of different incident angles, and the elastic impedance has different sensitivity degrees on the reservoir stratum at different incident angles. As shown in fig. 6 (a), in the near-channel, i.e., the incident angle range of 3 ° to 16 °, the discrimination between sandstone and mudstone is slightly better than the longitudinal wave impedance, but still difficult to discriminate; the discrimination of sandstone and mudstone is further improved in the middle way, namely, in the incident angle range of 16-25 degrees; the sandstone and the mudstone are distinguished most obviously on the elastic impedance of the far road or the ultra-far road, the mudstone presents a baseline characteristic, the impedance difference between the mudstones is small, the background reflection interference is small, and the method is an advantageous angle for identifying the reservoir. As shown in fig. 6 (b), sandstone and mudstone which are difficult to distinguish by impedance superposition at conventional longitudinal wave impedance (abscissa) are well distinguished at far-path elastic impedance (ordinate), so that reservoir identification advantage superposition angle optimization is realized through elastic impedance rock physical driving.
As shown in fig. 7 (a), the reservoir response of the study area is weak on the fully-stacked, near-track, and intermediate-track, with no apparent sandstone and mudstone distinction, while the sandstone reservoir response is apparent on the preferred far-track data sensitive to the reservoir.
As shown in fig. 7 (b), the study area exhibits strong amplitude in the near-channel and has obvious sedimentary topographical features with planar properties but the well1 well proves to be mudstone, while the very weak amplitude on the far-channel profile represents mudstone reflection, confirming that the method of preferentially distinguishing sandstone from mudstone in the far-channel is effective; the areas well2 and well3 that are strong amplitude anomalies on the far-way proved to be sandstone reservoirs.
(3) Obtaining a pseudo-elastic impedance body through the reservoir identification data in the step (2), and identifying the sandstone reservoir distribution;
specifically, fig. 8 (a) is far trace identification data of the investigation region, and fig. 8 (b) is pseudo-elastic resistor inversion data. As shown in fig. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the troughs and peaks of the seismic event of the dominant stacking angle correspond to the top and bottom of the sand layer, respectively, while the zero phase of the event has a good correspondence with the sand on the pseudoelastic resistor of the dominant stacking angle. When the sand body resolution is smaller than or close to the seismic resolution and the thicknesses of the upper surrounding rock and the lower surrounding rock are larger than a quarter wavelength, the pseudo-elastic impedance body inversion can be realized by utilizing a-90-degree phase shift technology.
(4) Three-dimensional stereo recognition and lithologic trap searching are carried out by using a relative geological age body method and a seismic geomorphology method;
specifically, the research area is located in a sand-rich submarine fan deposition environment with multi-stage superposition, multi-stage water channel deposition bodies are developed, and the deposition bodies on the plane are distributed in a connected mode and are mutually cut and superposed. In traditional seismic interpretation, mainly based on manual picking or automatic tracking of interpreted horizons, such a workflow is not only very time consuming for the complex depositional environment of the study area but also difficult to interpret the depositional body accurately.
In this embodiment, 1) the method for generating the relative geologic age based on the global optimization algorithm is used to calculate and obtain the isochronous stratigraphic slice, specifically: and based on minimization of a cost function, automatically realizing horizon interpretation and stratum modeling through computer global iterative optimization, wherein the cost function depends on the amplitude similarity between the seismic grid points and the distance between the seismic grid points, the optimal model corresponds to the minimum cost function, and the stratum model is a relative geological age body when each layer of the generated stratum model is relatively equal. 2) Under the constraint of a fine isochronous stratigraphic framework, isochronous stratigraphic slices are utilized to perform isochronous stratigraphic slice attribute extraction on the advantage superposition angle pseudo-elastic impedance body which effectively represents sand bodies, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: longitudinally continuous isochronous stratigraphic slices may be extracted from the relative geologic age, and amplitude attributes are extracted from the preferred reservoir identification data volume along a particular isochronous stratigraphic slice, i.e., the planar attributes of the stratigraphic along that epoch. 3) The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of finishing three-dimensional identification and search of lithologic trap by using seismic and geomorphologic features of a sedimentary body, specifically: the seismic sedimentology takes three-dimensional seismic data as a research basis, and thin reservoir layers which cannot be identified in the longitudinal direction are identified on a plane by utilizing the characteristic that the transverse resolution capability of the seismic data is higher than the longitudinal resolution capability; and (3) rapidly and efficiently searching potential lithologic trap targets layer by layer on the plane attribute of the slice of the isochronous stratum according to the abnormal appearance characteristics of the amplitude and the combination of the deposition knowledge.
As shown in fig. 9 (a) and 9 (b), according to the principle of relative isochronism, a sequence boundary attribute algorithm in the Wheeler domain is adopted to develop a full three-dimensional isochronism trellis sequence interface tracing interpretation, and then the sand body distribution range is realized through the interlayer attributes.
(5) Quantitatively depicting the lithologic trap through pinch-out model forward modeling;
specifically, a stratum model with the sand thickness gradually changing to pinch-out is established according to actual drilling logging data, an earthquake forward modeling is carried out aiming at the model, and a change curve of the earthquake amplitude and the sand thickness is counted; according to the change curve of the seismic amplitude and the sand thickness, the amplitude value when the sand thickness is zero is taken as a threshold value of a trap boundary, a trap range is defined through the threshold value, and quantitative depiction of trap is completed, as shown in fig. 11 (a) and 11 (b).
The method for delineating the delineation range through the threshold value comprises the following steps: and taking the threshold amplitude position as a trap boundary of the sandstone pinch-out on the interlayer plane attribute, and judging the area outside the threshold amplitude position as the background mudstone.
As shown in fig. 12, in a multi-leaf development area, whether the weak amplitude areas among the leaves and at the edges of the leaves develop the sandstone reservoir or not is difficult to judge, and the problems that the sand shale boundary is fuzzy and difficult to identify manually are solved by describing the trap boundary quantitative threshold. The ambiguity of the trap implementation is reduced from qualitative to quantitative.
The applicant declares that the present invention illustrates the detailed structural features of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed structural features. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications, equivalent substitutions of selected elements of the present invention, additions of auxiliary elements, selection of specific forms, etc., are intended to fall within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and the invention is not described in any way for the possible combinations in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A deep water sedimentary lithologic trap identification and quantitative depiction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Establishing a deep water lithologic trap development mode through construction-sedimentation slope fracture and deep water sedimentation analysis;
(2) Determining an advantage stacking angle through elastic impedance rock physical analysis to obtain reservoir identification data;
(3) Obtaining a pseudo-elastic impedance body through the reservoir identification data in the step (2), and identifying the sandstone reservoir distribution;
(4) Three-dimensional stereo recognition and search of lithologic trap targets by using a relative geologic age body method and an earthquake geomorphology method;
(5) And quantitatively depicting the lithologic trap boundary through forward modeling of a pinch-out model.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the construction-deposition ramp-fold of step (1) is a formation deflection ramp-fold that is developed inheritably on the basis of the base projection, and is a multi-stage ramp-fold structure having a plurality of ramp-fold steps;
preferably, the construction-deposition slope fold analysis in the step (1) obtains a deep water deposition mode of multi-stage slope fold relay conveying and step unloading;
preferably, the sandstone pinch-out strip deposited in the way is formed at each grade of slope fold line in the deep water deposition mode.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the deep lithologic trap development mode of step (1) is a configuration-sedimentary slope break control upward slope pinch-out, muddy water channel lateral plugging mode.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the method of elastic impedance petrophysical analysis of step (2) comprises: and comparing the rock physical characteristics of the earthquake elastic parameters at different angles, and screening the superposition angle with the largest sand shale difference and the smallest background shale fluctuation interference.
5. The method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the dominant overlay angle of step (2) comprises a near, a middle, a far, or an extra far.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method of identifying sandstone reservoir distribution of step (3) comprises: and performing the inversion of the pseudo-elastic impedance body of the dominant superposition angle data, and identifying the deep water sediment sand body with weak velocity difference by using the pseudo-elastic impedance body of the dominant superposition angle data.
7. The method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the method of contrasting geologic age groups of step (4) comprises: and calculating to obtain the isochronous stratigraphic slice by using a method for generating relative geological time bodies based on a global optimization algorithm.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein after obtaining the isochronous stratigraphic slices, performing isochronous stratigraphic slice attribute extraction on dominant stacking angle pseudoelastic impedance objects that effectively characterize sand using the isochronous stratigraphic slices under the constraints of a fine isochronous stratigraphic grid.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pinch-out model forward modeling in the step (5) comprises the steps of establishing a stratum model with sand body thickness gradually changing to pinch-out according to the actual drilling logging data, carrying out dominant stack angle seismic forward modeling aiming at the model, and counting a change curve of seismic amplitude and sand body thickness.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step (5) of quantitatively delineating the lithologic trap boundary comprises: and according to the change curve of the seismic amplitude and the sand body thickness, taking the amplitude value when the sand body thickness is zero as a threshold value of the trap boundary, and delineating the trap range through the threshold value to finish the quantitative delineation of the trap boundary.
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| CN117131801B (en) * | 2023-08-21 | 2024-06-07 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Fine characterization method and device for lake gravity flow deposition configuration |
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