CN115899004B - Hydraulic dump control system of dump truck and control method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic dump control system of dump truck and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115899004B CN115899004B CN202310023405.6A CN202310023405A CN115899004B CN 115899004 B CN115899004 B CN 115899004B CN 202310023405 A CN202310023405 A CN 202310023405A CN 115899004 B CN115899004 B CN 115899004B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hydraulic dumping control system of a dumper and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic control of engineering machinery. The hydraulic dumping control system comprises a dumping oil cylinder, a first hydraulic control reversing valve, a gear pump, a hydraulic control pilot handle and an electromagnetic reversing valve, wherein the gear pump provides pilot oil for a control valve of the hydraulic control pilot handle, the control valve is connected with the dumping oil cylinder through the first hydraulic control reversing valve, a first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder, and a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder; the control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is in signal connection with the displacement sensor, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve can be communicated with the oil outlet of the gear pump, the oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, and the first working oil port and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve can be communicated with the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic control of engineering machinery, in particular to a hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck and a control method thereof.
Background
The hinged dumper is a highly universal earth and stone transport machine, and has high adaptability to climates and various terrains. In view of the working environment of the articulated dump truck in severe weather and complex terrain, reliability is a basic requirement for measuring the performance of the articulated dump truck.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydraulic dump control system for an articulated dump truck operated by a hydraulic pilot handle in the prior art includes a hydraulic cylinder 1 ', a pilot operated multi-way valve 2 ', a pilot operated valve 3 ' of the hydraulic pilot handle, a pilot pump 4 ', and a pressure pump 5 '. The working principle is as follows: the pilot pump 4' provides a constant pilot pressure, ensuring the timeliness of the pilot handle operation. The pilot-operated handle is divided into four gear positions, namely an ascending gear, a stopping gear, a descending gear and a floating gear. When the pilot control handle is not operated, no pilot pressure oil drives, and the valve core of the pilot control multi-way valve 2' does not move, and is at a stop position at the moment; when the pilot-operated handle is operated to the up gear, the down gear and the floating gear, the swing angle of the pilot-operated handle is in direct proportion to the pressure, the valve core of the pilot-operated multi-way valve 2 'pushes the valve core of the pilot-operated multi-way valve 2' to move to different positions according to the corresponding pilot pressure, and the output flow and the pressure, namely the requirements of the functions of lifting, stopping, descending and floating of the container are met according to the different positions of the pilot-operated handle. However, if the driver is unfamiliar with the operation rules or the operation is inattentive, the following may occur: (1) when the container is dumped, the container falls to a position close to the frame, if the container is not timely operated to a floating gear, the container can impact the frame, the service life of the frame can be reduced due to impact load, and driving feeling is poor. (2) If the floating gear is not operated in the loading and running process, the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 ' is impacted by the impact of the goods in the loading process and the additional impact load caused by the jolt of the road surface in the running process, so that the instantaneous pressure in the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 ' is high, and the service life of the hydraulic oil cylinder 1 ' is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck and a control method thereof, which can avoid the influence on the service life of the dump truck and the influence on the driving experience of a driver caused by misoperation.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the hydraulic dumping control system of the dumper comprises a container and a frame, the hydraulic dumping control system comprises a dumping oil cylinder, a first hydraulic control reversing valve, a gear pump and a hydraulic control pilot handle, the gear pump provides pilot oil for a control valve of the hydraulic control pilot handle, the control valve is connected with the dumping oil cylinder through the first hydraulic control reversing valve, a first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder, and a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder; wherein,,
the frame is provided with a displacement sensor which is used for detecting the distance between the container and the frame;
the hydraulic dumping control system further comprises an automatic floating valve, the automatic floating valve comprises an electromagnetic reversing valve, the control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is in signal connection with the displacement sensor, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve can be communicated with the oil outlet of the gear pump, the oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, and the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve can be communicated with the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve.
As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the hydraulic control pilot handle is provided with an ascending gear, a descending gear and a stopping position, an oil inlet of the control valve is communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump, when the hydraulic control pilot handle is in the ascending gear, an oil inlet of the control valve is communicated with a first working oil port of the control valve, a first working oil port of the control valve is communicated with a second hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, and the oil inlet of the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve;
when the pilot hydraulic control handle is in the descending gear, an oil inlet of the control valve is communicated with a second working oil port of the control valve, the second working oil port of the control valve is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve, an oil inlet of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve can be communicated with a second working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve, and the first working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with an oil return port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve;
when the pilot control handle is positioned at the stop position, an oil inlet of the control valve is communicated with an oil return port of the control valve, and the oil return port of the control valve is communicated with an oil tank.
As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the automatic floating valve further comprises a second hydraulic control reversing valve, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with an oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve, an oil outlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, a hydraulic control end of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a first working oil port of the control valve, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve can be communicated with an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve, and an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with the oil tank.
As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, a first one-way valve is arranged between the second working oil port of the control valve and the oil outlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve, and the first one-way valve is used for unidirectional conduction from the second working oil port of the control valve to the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve.
As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the second hydraulic control reversing valve is a two-position three-way hydraulic control reversing valve, and the electromagnetic reversing valve is a two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
As an alternative of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the hydraulic control pilot handle includes a magnet, and the magnet is disposed on a side close to the downshift and can be magnetically connected to an operation lever of the hydraulic control pilot handle.
As an alternative to the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the hydraulic dump control system further includes an unloading valve disposed between the gear pump and the control valve and the automatic float valve.
As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the unloading valve comprises an energy accumulator, a pressure reducing valve and a second one-way valve, an oil outlet of the gear pump is communicated with an oil port of the energy accumulator and an oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve through the second one-way valve, and an oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve is communicated with an oil inlet of the control valve or an oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve.
As an alternative scheme of the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the unloading valve further comprises a sequence valve, a hydraulic control end of the sequence valve is communicated with an oil port of the energy accumulator, an oil inlet of the sequence valve can be communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump, and an oil outlet of the sequence valve is communicated with the oil tank.
The hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck according to any one of the above aspects is a hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, the pilot lever having a down shift position, the hydraulic dump control method including:
when the pilot hydraulic handle is operated to the descending gear, pilot oil of the gear pump enters a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve through a second working oil port of the control valve, driving oil entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder through a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, and a piston rod of the dumping oil cylinder is driven to retract so as to enable the container to descend;
the container descends to the set position and triggers the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor sends a signal to the control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve to enable the electromagnetic reversing valve to be opened, pilot oil of the gear pump enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve through the electromagnetic reversing valve to enable the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve to be communicated with the oil tank, and the dumping oil cylinder is in a floating state.
As an alternative to the hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck, the automatic floating valve further includes a second pilot operated directional valve, and the pilot operated lever has an up-shift position; the hydraulic dump control method further includes the steps of:
when the pilot hydraulic handle is operated to an up-shift position, pilot oil of a first working oil port of the control valve enters a hydraulic control end of the second hydraulic control reversing valve, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve, the electromagnetic reversing valve enters the pilot oil of a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve through the second hydraulic control reversing valve and is cut off, an oil outlet of the gear pump is communicated with the oil inlet of the control valve, the pilot oil enters a second hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve through a first working oil port of the control valve, and driving oil entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder through the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve so as to drive a piston rod of the dumping oil cylinder to extend, so that a container ascends.
As an alternative to the hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck, the hydraulic dump control system further includes an unloading valve including an accumulator and a sequence valve, the pilot-operated handle has a stop position, and the hydraulic dump control method further includes the steps of:
when the pilot control handle is operated to the stop position, the pilot oil pressure of the gear pump rises, and oil at an oil outlet of the gear pump enters the energy accumulator to charge the energy accumulator;
when the oil pressure of the oil port of the energy accumulator reaches the set charging pressure of the energy accumulator, the sequence valve is opened, and the pilot oil of the oil outlet of the gear pump enters the sequence valve and flows back to the oil tank through the oil outlet of the sequence valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the hydraulic dumping control system of the dump truck, the displacement sensor is arranged on the truck frame and used for detecting the distance from the container to the truck frame, the hydraulic dumping control system comprises the automatic floating valve, the automatic floating valve comprises the electromagnetic reversing valve, when the displacement sensor detects that the truck frame descends to a set position, a control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is sent to a signal, the electromagnetic reversing valve is opened, an oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve can be communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump, the oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, so that pilot oil provided by the gear pump enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve through the electromagnetic reversing valve, and a first working oil port and a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve are communicated with an oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve, and therefore a rodless cavity and a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder are communicated with the oil tank, and the dumping oil cylinder is in a floating state. According to the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, a driver does not need to operate the pilot-operated handle, when the container moves to the position where the displacement sensor can sense the container, signals are sent to the electromagnetic directional valve, so that the dump cylinder is automatically in a floating state, the impact of the container on the frame caused by misoperation of the driver and the impact of impact load caused by bumping of goods and road surfaces on the dump cylinder are avoided, the service lives of the frame and the dump cylinder are prolonged, and the driving experience of the driver is improved.
According to the hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck, the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck is used, the hydraulic control pilot handle is operated to the descending gear, the container starts to descend, when the container descends to the set position, the displacement sensor is triggered, the displacement sensor sends a signal to the control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve, the electromagnetic reversing valve is opened, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve is communicated with the oil outlet of the gear pump, pilot oil enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve through the electromagnetic reversing valve, the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve moves, the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the dump cylinder are communicated with the oil tank, and therefore the dump cylinder is automatically in a floating state. The hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck can prolong the service lives of the frame and the dump cylinder and improve the driving experience of a driver.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art hydraulic dump control system for a dump truck;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1', a hydraulic cylinder; 2', a hydraulically controlled multiway valve; 3', a hydraulic control valve; 4', a pilot pump; 5', a pressure pump;
100. a cargo box; 200. a frame; 300. a displacement sensor;
1. a dump cylinder; 2. a first hydraulically controlled reversing valve; 3. a control valve; 4. a gear pump; 5. an automatic float valve; 6. an unloading valve; 7. a first one-way valve; 8. a pressure source;
51. an electromagnetic reversing valve; 52. a second hydraulically controlled reversing valve; 61. an accumulator; 62. a pressure reducing valve; 63. a second one-way valve; 64. a sequence valve; 65. and an overflow valve.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
Unless specifically stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, either fixed or removable; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first feature and the second feature being in direct contact, or may include the first feature and the second feature not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other by way of additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck, the dump truck includes a cargo box 100 and a truck frame 200, the hydraulic dump control system includes a dump cylinder 1, a first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, a gear pump 4 and a hydraulic control pilot handle, the gear pump 4 provides pilot oil for a control valve 3 of the hydraulic control pilot handle, the control valve 3 is connected with the dump cylinder 1 through the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, a first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dump cylinder 1, and a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with a rod cavity of the dump cylinder 1. The oil inlet of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with a pressure source 8, and the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with an oil tank.
The pressure source 8 provides driving oil for the dumping oil cylinder 1, and the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is a four-position four-way hydraulic control reversing valve and comprises an ascending position, a stopping position, a descending position and a floating position; when the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 moves to the ascending position, the oil inlet of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, driving oil entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 enters the rodless cavity of the dump cylinder 1, the piston rod of the dump cylinder 1 is driven to move, the piston rod extends, the container 100 is driven to ascend, and the oil in the rod cavity of the dump cylinder 1 returns through the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2.
When the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 moves to a stop position, the oil inlet and the oil return opening of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 are closed, and the dumping oil cylinder 1 does not work.
When the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 moves to the descending position, the oil inlet of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, driving oil of the pressure source 8 enters the rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1 through the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, the piston rod contracts, the packing box 100 is driven to descend, and oil in the rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1 returns through the oil return port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2.
When the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 moves to a floating position, the oil inlet of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is closed, and the first working oil port and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 are both communicated with the oil tank, so that the rodless cavity and the rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1 are both communicated with the oil tank, and the dumping oil cylinder 1 is in a floating state.
In order to avoid that the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 cannot move to the floating position in time when the container 100 descends to approach the frame 200 and during the loading or driving process of the dump truck due to misoperation of a driver, the container 100 impacts the frame 200 and impacts the dump cylinder 1 due to impact load caused by the loading of goods and bumping of a road surface, and the service lives of the frame 200 and the dump cylinder 1 are affected. In the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck provided by the embodiment, the frame 200 is provided with the displacement sensor 300, and the displacement sensor 300 is used for detecting the distance between the container 100 and the frame 200. The hydraulic dumping control system further comprises an automatic floating valve 5, the automatic floating valve 5 comprises an electromagnetic directional valve 51, the control end of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is in signal connection with the displacement sensor 300, the oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 can be communicated with the oil outlet of the gear pump 4, the oil outlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is communicated with the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2, and the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 can be communicated with the oil return port of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2.
According to the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, a driver does not need to operate a hydraulic control pilot handle, when the container 100 moves to the position where the displacement sensor 300 can sense the container 100, the displacement sensor 300 can send signals to the control end of the electromagnetic directional valve 51, the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is opened, pilot oil enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 through the electromagnetic directional valve 51, the valve core of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 is driven to move to a floating position by the pilot oil, the dump cylinder 1 is automatically in a floating state, and therefore impact of the container 100 to the frame 200 caused by misoperation of the driver and impact of impact load caused by bumping of goods and road surfaces on the dump cylinder 1 are avoided, the service lives of the frame 200 and the dump cylinder 1 are prolonged, and driving experience of the driver is improved.
The displacement sensor 300 may be a proximity switch, when the cargo box 100 descends to a position (i.e. a position close to the frame 200) which can be sensed by the proximity switch, the proximity switch triggers a control end of the electromagnetic directional valve 51, the control end of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is opened after receiving a signal, so that an oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump 4, at the moment, the pressure of the oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is smaller than that of an oil inlet of the control valve 3 of the pilot hydraulic handle, and pilot oil provided by the gear pump 4 enters the oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 51 and thus enters a first hydraulic end of the first hydraulic directional valve 2, and at the moment, the pressure of the pilot oil at the first hydraulic end of the first hydraulic directional valve 2 can push a valve core of the first hydraulic directional valve 2 to move to a floating position, so that the dumping oil cylinder 1 is in a floating state.
The pilot hydraulic control handle is provided with an ascending gear, a descending gear and a stopping position, an oil inlet of the control valve 3 is communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump 4, when the pilot hydraulic control handle is in the ascending gear, the oil inlet of the control valve 3 is communicated with a first working oil port of the control valve 3, the first working oil port of the control valve 3 is communicated with a second pilot hydraulic control end of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2, a pressure driving valve core of pilot oil entering the second pilot hydraulic control end of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2 moves to the ascending position, the oil inlet of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the first working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2, driving oil provided by the pressure source 8 enters a rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1, the second working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with an oil return port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2, and a piston rod of the dumping oil cylinder 1 is driven to stretch, and therefore the cargo box 100 can ascend.
When the pilot hydraulic control handle is in a descending gear, an oil inlet of the control valve 3 is communicated with a second working oil port of the control valve 3, the second working oil port of the control valve 3 is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2, the pressure of pilot oil entering the first hydraulic control end of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2 pushes the valve core to move to a descending position, the oil inlet of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with the second working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2, driving oil provided by the pressure source 8 enters a rod cavity of the dump cylinder 1, and the first working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with an oil return port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve 2; the piston rod of the dump cylinder 1 is driven to retract, thereby lowering the cargo box 100.
The dump truck 1 is always in a floating state during traveling, and when the dump truck travels to the unloading position, the cargo box 100 needs to be driven to be lifted and unloaded, and when the pilot operated lever is operated to the lifting gear, the piston rod of the dump truck 1 in the floating state can be extended, and the pilot oil supplied from the electromagnetic directional valve 51 to the first pilot operated end of the first pilot operated directional valve 2 needs to be cut off. The automatic floating valve 5 further comprises a second hydraulic control reversing valve 52, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 is communicated with an oil outlet of the electromagnetic reversing valve 51, an oil outlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2, a hydraulic control end of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 is communicated with a first working oil port of the control valve 3, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 can be communicated with an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52, and an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 is communicated with an oil tank. By arranging the second pilot operated directional control valve 52, when the pilot operated handle is operated to the ascending position, pilot oil flowing out of the first working oil port of the control valve 3 firstly enters the pilot operated end of the second pilot operated directional control valve 52, the valve core of the second pilot operated directional control valve 52 is driven to move, the oil outlet of the second pilot operated directional control valve 52 is closed, the pressure of the oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional control valve 51 is increased, pilot oil provided by the gear pump 4 can enter the control valve 3 through the oil inlet of the control valve 3, and enters the second pilot operated end of the first pilot operated directional control valve 2 through the first working oil port of the control valve 3, the valve core of the first pilot operated directional control valve 2 is driven to move to the ascending position, the rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1 is driven to enter oil, the rod cavity is driven to return oil, and the piston rod is extended to drive the container 100 to ascend.
In order to prevent the pilot oil flowing out from the oil outlet of the second pilot operated directional valve 52 from entering the electromagnetic directional valve 51, the pilot oil flowing out from the oil outlet of the second pilot operated directional valve 52 enters the second working oil port of the control valve 3, a first one-way valve 7 is arranged between the second working oil port of the control valve 3 and the oil outlet of the second pilot operated directional valve 52, and the first one-way valve 7 is used for unidirectional conduction from the second working oil port of the control valve 3 to the first pilot operated end of the first pilot operated directional valve 2.
Optionally, the second pilot operated directional valve 52 is a two-position three-way pilot operated directional valve, and the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve.
When the pilot control handle is in a stop position, an oil inlet of the control valve 3 is communicated with an oil return port of the control valve 3, and the oil return port of the control valve 3 is communicated with an oil tank. At this time, no pilot oil drives the first pilot operated directional valve 2, and the valve core of the first pilot operated directional valve 2 moves to a stop position.
In order to realize the decompression of the pilot oil provided by the gear pump 4, the hydraulic dump control system further comprises an unloading valve 6, and the unloading valve 6 is arranged between the gear pump 4 and the control valve 3 and the automatic floating valve 5. When the pilot control handle is operated to a stop position, pressure relief of pilot oil flowing out of the gear pump 4 is realized, and the pilot oil flowing out of the gear pump 4 is prevented from returning to the gear pump 4 again to damage the gear pump 4.
Specifically, the unloading valve 6 includes an accumulator 61, a pressure reducing valve 62 and a second one-way valve 63, an oil outlet of the gear pump 4 is communicated with an oil port of the accumulator 61 and an oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve 62 through the second one-way valve 63, and an oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve 62 is communicated with an oil inlet of the control valve 3 or an oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve 51. The pressure of the pilot oil supplied from the gear pump 4 is controlled by a pressure reducing valve 62. When the pilot hydraulic handle is operated to the stop position, the pressure of the oil outlet of the gear pump 4 can rise, and at the moment, the pilot hydraulic fluid can enter the accumulator 61 to charge the accumulator 61.
The unloading valve 6 further comprises a sequence valve 64, the hydraulic control end of the sequence valve 64 is communicated with the oil port of the accumulator 61, the oil inlet of the sequence valve 64 can be communicated with the oil outlet of the gear pump 4, and the oil outlet of the sequence valve 64 is communicated with the oil tank. When the accumulator 61 is full of oil, if the pressure of the oil outlet of the gear pump 4 does not reach the rated pressure yet, when the oil outlet pressure of the accumulator 61 reaches the set charging pressure, the sequence valve 64 is opened, and the pilot oil flowing out from the oil outlet of the gear pump 4 enters the sequence valve 64 through the oil inlet of the sequence valve 64 and flows back to the oil tank for unloading.
In addition, after the dump truck is stopped, the energy accumulator 61 still can ensure that the hydraulic control pilot handle acts, when the hydraulic control pilot handle is operated to a descending gear, pilot oil stored in the energy accumulator 61 enters the control valve 3, then enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 through the second working oil port of the control valve 3, the valve core of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is driven to move to the descending position, the driving oil provided by the pressure source 8 enters the rod cavity of the dump cylinder 1, the container 100 is driven to descend, and the situation that the container 100 cannot be put down after the dump truck is stopped is avoided.
The unloading valve 6 further comprises an overflow valve 65, an oil inlet of the overflow valve 65 is communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump 4, and an oil outlet of the overflow valve 65 is communicated with an oil tank. When the pressure of the oil outlet of the gear pump 4 reaches the overflow pressure, the overflow valve 65 can overflow, and the gear pump 4 is protected.
In the present embodiment, the relief pressure of the relief valve 65 is set to be larger than the set charge pressure of the accumulator 61, and the sequence valve 64 plays a role in energy saving, avoiding the relief state in the operation of the gear pump 4.
Optionally, the pilot-operated lever comprises a magnet, and the magnet is arranged on one side close to the down shift position and can be magnetically connected with an operating rod of the pilot-operated lever. When the hydraulic control pilot handle is operated to the descending gear, the magnet is used for sucking the operating rod of the hydraulic control pilot handle, so that two hands can be liberated, the fatigue strength of a driver is reduced, and the driving experience is improved.
The embodiment also provides a hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck, which adopts the hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck, and comprises the following steps:
when the pilot hydraulic control handle is operated to a descending gear, pilot oil of the gear pump 4 enters a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 through a second working oil port of the control valve 3, and driving oil entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1 through a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 to drive a piston rod of the dumping oil cylinder 1 to shrink so as to enable the container 100 to descend.
The cargo box 100 is lowered to the set position and activates the displacement sensor 300. The displacement sensor 300 sends a signal to the control end of the electromagnetic directional valve 51, so that the electromagnetic directional valve 51 is opened, the pilot oil of the gear pump 4 enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 through the electromagnetic directional valve 51, and the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control directional valve 2 are communicated with an oil tank, and the dumping oil cylinder 1 is in a floating state.
When the pilot hydraulic control handle is operated to the up-shift position, pilot oil of a first working oil port of the control valve 3 enters a hydraulic control end of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52, an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 is communicated with an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52, pilot oil of the first hydraulic control end of the electromagnetic reversing valve 51 entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 through the second hydraulic control reversing valve 52 is cut off, an oil outlet of the gear pump 4 is communicated with an oil inlet of the control valve 3, pilot oil enters a second hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 through a first working oil port of the control valve 3, and driving oil entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder 1 through a first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve 2 so as to drive a piston rod of the dumping oil cylinder 1 to extend, so that the cargo box 100 rises.
When the pilot hydraulic handle is operated to a stop position, the pilot hydraulic pressure of the gear pump 4 rises, and the hydraulic fluid at the oil outlet of the gear pump 4 enters the accumulator 61 to charge the accumulator 61;
when the oil pressure of the oil port of the accumulator 61 reaches the set charging pressure of the accumulator 61, the sequence valve 64 is opened, and the pilot oil of the oil outlet of the gear pump 4 enters the sequence valve 64 and flows back to the oil tank through the oil outlet of the sequence valve 64.
The hydraulic dump control method of the dump truck can prolong the service lives of the frame 200 and the dump cylinder 1 and improve the driving experience of a driver.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present invention, and those skilled in the art should not be considered as limiting the invention, since modifications may be made in the specific embodiments and application scope of the invention in light of the teachings of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. The hydraulic dumping control system of the dumper comprises a container (100) and a frame (200), the hydraulic dumping control system comprises a dumping oil cylinder (1), a first hydraulic control reversing valve (2), a gear pump (4) and a hydraulic control pilot handle, the gear pump (4) provides pilot oil for a control valve (3) of the hydraulic control pilot handle, the control valve (3) is connected with the dumping oil cylinder (1) through the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2), a first working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2) is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dumping oil cylinder (1), and a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2) is communicated with a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder (1); it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the frame (200) is provided with a displacement sensor (300), and the displacement sensor (300) is used for detecting the distance between the container (100) and the frame (200);
the hydraulic dump control system further comprises an automatic floating valve (5), the automatic floating valve (5) comprises an electromagnetic directional valve (51) and a second hydraulic directional valve (52), a control end of the electromagnetic directional valve (51) is in signal connection with the displacement sensor (300), an oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve (51) can be communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump (4), an oil inlet of the second hydraulic directional valve (52) is communicated with the oil outlet of the electromagnetic directional valve (51), and an oil outlet of the second hydraulic directional valve (52) is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic directional valve (2), so that a first working oil port of the first hydraulic directional valve (2) and a second working oil port of the first hydraulic directional valve (2) are both communicated with an oil return port of the first hydraulic directional valve (2); the hydraulic control end of the second hydraulic control reversing valve (52) is communicated with the first working oil port of the control valve (3), an oil inlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve (52) can be communicated with an oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve (52), and the oil return port of the second hydraulic control reversing valve (52) is communicated with an oil tank.
2. The hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that the pilot-operated handle has an up-shift position, a down-shift position and a stop position, an oil inlet of the control valve (3) is communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump (4), when the pilot-operated handle is in the up-shift position, an oil inlet of the control valve (3) is communicated with a first working oil port of the control valve (3), a first working oil port of the control valve (3) is communicated with a second pilot-operated end of the first pilot-operated directional valve (2), an oil inlet of the first pilot-operated directional valve (2) can be communicated with a first working oil port of the first pilot-operated directional valve (2), and a second working oil port of the first pilot-operated directional valve (2) is communicated with an oil return port of the first pilot-operated directional valve (2);
when the pilot hydraulic control handle is in the descending gear, an oil inlet of the control valve (3) is communicated with a second working oil port of the control valve (3), the second working oil port of the control valve (3) is communicated with a first hydraulic control end of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve (2), the oil inlet of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve (2) can be communicated with the second working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve (2), and the first working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve (2) is communicated with an oil return port of the first pilot hydraulic control reversing valve (2);
when the pilot operated handle is positioned at the stop position, an oil inlet of the control valve (3) is communicated with an oil return port of the control valve (3), and the oil return port of the control valve (3) is communicated with an oil tank.
3. The hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that a first one-way valve (7) is arranged between the second working oil port of the control valve (3) and the oil outlet of the second hydraulic control reversing valve (52), and the first one-way valve (7) is used for unidirectional conduction from the second working oil port of the control valve (3) to the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2).
4. The hydraulic dump control system of the dump truck according to claim 2, characterized in that the second pilot operated directional valve (52) is a two-position three-way pilot operated directional valve, and the electromagnetic directional valve (51) is a two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve.
5. The hydraulic dump control system according to claim 2, wherein the pilot-operated lever includes a magnet provided on a side close to the down shift position and magnetically connectable to an operation lever of the pilot-operated lever.
6. The hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises an unloading valve (6), said unloading valve (6) being arranged between said gear pump (4) and said control valve (3) and said automatic float valve (5).
7. The hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck according to claim 6, characterized in that the unloading valve (6) comprises an accumulator (61), a pressure reducing valve (62) and a second one-way valve (63), an oil outlet of the gear pump (4) is communicated with an oil port of the accumulator (61) and an oil inlet of the pressure reducing valve (62) through the second one-way valve (63), and an oil outlet of the pressure reducing valve (62) is communicated with an oil inlet of the control valve (3) or an oil inlet of the electromagnetic directional valve (51).
8. The hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck according to claim 7, characterized in that the unloading valve (6) further comprises a sequence valve (64), a hydraulic control end of the sequence valve (64) is communicated with an oil port of the accumulator (61), an oil inlet of the sequence valve (64) can be communicated with an oil outlet of the gear pump (4), and an oil outlet of the sequence valve (64) is communicated with an oil tank.
9. A hydraulic dump control method of a dump truck, characterized by employing the hydraulic dump control system of a dump truck according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the pilot-operated lever having a down shift position, the hydraulic dump control method comprising the steps of:
when the pilot hydraulic handle is operated to the descending gear, pilot oil of the gear pump (4) enters a first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2) through a second working oil port of the control valve (3), and driving oil entering the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2) is communicated with a rod cavity of the dumping oil cylinder (1) through a second working oil port of the first hydraulic control reversing valve (2) to drive a piston rod of the dumping oil cylinder (1) to shrink so as to enable the container (100) to descend;
-the container (100) is lowered to a set position and triggers the displacement sensor (300); the displacement sensor (300) sends a signal to the control end of the electromagnetic directional valve (51) so that the electromagnetic directional valve (51) is opened, pilot oil of the gear pump (4) enters the first hydraulic control end of the first hydraulic control directional valve (2) through the electromagnetic directional valve (51), so that the first working oil port of the first hydraulic control directional valve (2) and the second working oil port of the first hydraulic control directional valve (2) are communicated with an oil tank, and the dumping oil cylinder (1) is in a floating state.
10. The hydraulic dump control method of a dump truck according to claim 9, characterized in that the automatic float valve (5) further comprises a second pilot operated directional valve (52), the pilot operated handle having an up-shift position; the hydraulic dump control method further includes the steps of:
when the pilot hydraulic handle is operated to an up-shift position, pilot oil of a first working oil port of the control valve (3) enters a pilot end of the second pilot hydraulic reversing valve (52), an oil inlet of the second pilot hydraulic reversing valve (52) is communicated with an oil return port of the second pilot hydraulic reversing valve (52), the electromagnetic reversing valve (51) enters a first pilot oil port of the first pilot hydraulic reversing valve (2) through the second pilot hydraulic reversing valve (52) to be cut off, an oil outlet of the gear pump (4) is communicated with an oil inlet of the control valve (3), pilot oil enters a second pilot end of the first pilot hydraulic reversing valve (2) through the first working oil port of the control valve (3), and driving oil entering the first pilot hydraulic reversing valve (2) is communicated with a rodless cavity of the dump cylinder (1) through the first working oil port of the first pilot hydraulic reversing valve (2) to drive the dump cylinder (1) to extend the piston rod (100).
11. The hydraulic dump control method of a dump truck according to claim 9, characterized in that the hydraulic dump control system further comprises an unloading valve (6), the unloading valve (6) comprising an accumulator (61) and a sequence valve (64), the pilot-operated pilot handle having a stop position, the hydraulic dump control method further comprising the steps of:
when the pilot control handle is operated to the stop position, the pilot oil pressure of the gear pump (4) rises, and meanwhile, oil at an oil outlet of the gear pump (4) enters the accumulator (61) to charge the accumulator (61);
when the oil pressure of an oil port of the accumulator (61) reaches the set charging pressure of the accumulator (61), the sequence valve (64) is opened, and the pilot oil of an oil outlet of the gear pump (4) enters the sequence valve (64) and flows back to the oil tank through the oil outlet of the sequence valve (64).
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| CN103144566B (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2015-12-23 | 长治清华机械厂 | A kind of large-tonnage highway quarry tipper lifting hydraulic system |
| CN108561352B (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2020-02-25 | 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 | Prefill valve and mining dump truck hydraulic system |
| CN209521598U (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-10-22 | 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 | A kind of articulated truck dumps control system and articulated truck |
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| CN114992177A (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2022-09-02 | 徐州徐工矿业机械有限公司 | Hinged dumper lifting system based on speed regulation loop and use method |
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