CN115897942A - Gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials. The floor system comprises a structural layer, a sound insulation and heat preservation layer, a leveling layer and a ground decoration layer, wherein the structural layer, the sound insulation and heat preservation layer are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the sound insulation heat preservation layer and the leveling layer are made of gypsum-based homogeneous materials and provide a foundation for firm bonding of the upper layer and the lower layer. On the basis of the gypsum-based homogeneous material, the arrangement of all components in the gypsum-based composite material in the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer and the arrangement of all components in the moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar in the leveling layer ensure that the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer and the leveling layer are firmly bonded without displacement. The floor system has no shrinkage, no reinforcement and cracking resistance, the leveling layer and the sound insulation and heat insulation layer are both made of gypsum homogeneous cementing materials with micro-expansion characteristics, the system volume stability is good, and the problem of hollowing and cracking of the organic floating floor is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building materials.
Background
With the improvement of living standard of people, higher requirements are put forward on the living health performance, environmental performance and sound insulation performance of residences, wherein the indoor sound environment is most closely related to the living quality of people. The main factors influencing the indoor sound environment are floor impact sound and air sound transmission sound between an upper floor and a lower floor and the air sound transmission sound of the same-floor individual wall, and the floor impact sound influences the most because the attenuation of the solid-borne sound transmitted in the building structure is very small. The existing buildings mostly adopt common concrete floors, the thickness of the concrete floors is generally 120mm, the impact sound insulation performance is far higher than 75dB required by the national standard GB50118-2005, and the requirements of floor impact sound insulation are not met. In addition, the heat transfer coefficient of the common concrete floor is almost 2 times of that of national standard GB55015 and landmark DBJ51/143, the heat insulation performance is poor, the building energy-saving requirement cannot be met, the building quality is seriously influenced, and the social energy consumption is huge.
At present, in order to solve the problems of sound insulation and heat preservation of a floor slab, the following three measures are generally adopted: laying an elastic surface layer, adding a sound insulation ceiling and arranging an organic floating floor slab. Laying the elastic surface layer can effectively reduce the impact sound of the floor slab, but has little effect on air sound insulation. The sound insulation ceiling is additionally arranged to improve the sound insulation effect, but the excited noise on the floor surface layer can be transmitted along the solid of the house through the wall body around, and the requirement of the common house can not be met for the isolation of the impact sound. The floating floor system provided with the original floor slab, the vibration damping pad and the reinforced concrete layer is widely applied to construction engineering, and particularly, the floating floor system is organically formed by a floor slab structure layer, a sound insulation and vibration damping layer, a leveling floating layer and a ground decoration layer from bottom to top in sequence.
However, the important problems faced by organic floating floor systems are: at present, the most widely used sound insulation materials in the sound insulation and vibration reduction layer are organic sound insulation materials such as polyethylene foam sound insulation materials, polyurethane sound insulation materials, polyester fiber heat insulation composite materials and the like. The organic sound insulation material has unstable chemical property, can emit toxic and harmful substances in use, has poor flame retardant property, is easy to cause environmental pollution, has high water vapor permeability coefficient, is easy to decompose and mildew, and has weak weather resistance. In addition, the leveling floating building layer in the organic floating floor system needs to be made of a fine aggregate concrete reinforcing bar net piece with the thickness of 40mm, moisture preservation and maintenance are needed, the construction period is generally about 7 days, the adhesion of the leveling floating building layer and the connected layer is poor, delamination is easy, flammability is easy, hollowing and cracking are easy to generate, the lower layer is caused to generate displacement after cracking, gaps are formed, and the sound absorption and insulation effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the problems of poor adhesion, easy hollowing and cracking and long construction period of a floor system in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a gypsum-based sound-insulation and heat-preservation floor system and a construction method thereof, wherein the upper layer and the lower layer of the floor system are firmly bonded without displacement and have good sound-insulation and heat-preservation properties, and the construction method of the floor system can be used for carrying out the next procedure 4 hours after mortar in a leveling layer is poured.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is provided.
A gypsum-based sound-insulation and heat-preservation floor system comprises a structural layer, a sound-insulation and heat-preservation layer and a leveling layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the floor system further comprises a ground decorative layer disposed above the leveling layer;
the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is made of a gypsum-based composite material, and the leveling layer is made of moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar;
the gypsum-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-100 mesh hydrophilic rubber particles: 15-40 parts of phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum: 60-85 parts of a retarding water reducer: 0.26 to 1.12 parts of water: 30-50 parts of nano aerogel: 1-5 parts; the impact sound insulation of the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is less than or equal to 60dB, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.13W/(m.K), and the fire-proof grade is A grade; the thickness of the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is set according to application requirements, and the maximum thickness is not more than 50mm.
The hydrophilic rubber particles are rubber particles with a sphericity coefficient of 0.80-0.85 and a contact angle of less than or equal to 15 degrees.
The moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is composed of the following components in parts by weight: phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum: 100-120 parts of water: 35-50 parts of a retarding water reducer: 0.26 to 1.12 parts of a waterproof agent: 0.2-0.8 part of mildew preventive: 0.1 to 0.5 portion; the moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar comprises the following components: the fluidity loss is less than or equal to 3mm in 30min, the water absorption is less than or equal to 1%, the shrinkage is less than or equal to 0.01%, the mildew-proof grade is 0 grade, and the fire-proof grade is A grade. The thickness of screed-coat is set for according to the application demand, and the highest is no longer than 15mm.
More preferably, the hydrophilic rubber particles are prepared by the following method: the rubber particles with the sphericity coefficient of 0.80-0.85 are processed in a moving way in the plasma atmosphere, the processing power is 60W-200W, and the processing time is 200 s-300 s. Rubber granule handles under specific parameter in the plasma atmosphere, and rubber granule surface energy produces the space of a lot of cavities and microcracks, makes rubber granule's contact angle be less than or equal to 15, is favorable to the gypsum slurry infiltration among the gypsum base combined material to get into the space so in, works as after gypsum base combined material pours, solidifies, can produce good meshing effect between hydrophilic rubber and the gypsum, be favorable to improving gypsum to hydrophilic rubber granule's parcel nature and cohesive strength. Further, the contact angle is further realized to be less than or equal to 10 degrees by adjusting the plasma power and the processing time, the processing power is 80W-120W, and the processing time is 230 s-270 s.
Preferably, the retarding water reducer used in the gypsum-based composite material and the damp-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is the retarding water reducer described in the Chinese patent application with the patent publication number of CN110482901A, namely the retarding water reducer for the phosphorus building gypsum and the preparation method thereof, and the retarding water reducer consists of the following components in parts by weight: 90 to 100 portions of polycarboxylic acid mother liquor or melamine mother liquor, 9 to 20 portions of borax, 0.2 to 1.0 portion of retarder, 0 to 1.5 portions of cellulose ether, 0.1 to 0.2 portion of suspension stabilizer, 0.1 to 1 portion of defoamer and 90 to 100 portions of water.
The waterproof agent used in the dampproof and mildewproof gypsum self-leveling mortar is preferably the waterproof agent described in Chinese patent application file 'a composite gypsum waterproof agent and an application method thereof' with the patent publication number of CN109851275A, and the waterproof agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5 to 2.8 portions of alkyl sodium silicate, 2.0 to 3.9 portions of stearic acid, 15.8 to 24.2 portions of alum, 11.2 to 22.4 portions of titanium pigment, 75.0 to 100.0 portions of cement, 150.0 to 200.0 portions of mineral powder and 0.5 to 1.0 portion of hydroxyl-terminated modified hyperbranched polymer.
Preferably, the mildew preventive used in the dampproof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is the mildew preventive described in Chinese patent application document CN111847975A, namely preparation and application methods of a gypsum composite mildew preventive with a waterproof function, and the mildew preventive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 to 8 portions of inorganic antibacterial component, 3 to 8 portions of chitosan, 3 to 7 portions of sodium methyl silicate, 4 to 14 portions of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 0.2 to 2 portions of pH regulator and 0.1 to 1 portion of lauryl sodium sulfate; the inorganic antibacterial component comprises 1-3 parts of nano silver, 1-3 parts of borax and 1-5 parts of nano titanium dioxide. The mildew preventive is a gypsum composite mildew preventive with a waterproof function, and interferes and inhibits a mildew DNA/RNA synthesis technology by destroying and preventing the formation of membranes of mildewing pathogenic bacteria of phosphogypsum products, so that the pathogenic bacteria die, and the inhibiting and killing effects on the mildew, the yeast and algae are realized.
Preferably, the nano aerogel is more than one of nano graphene aerogel, nano silicon dioxide aerogel and flexible aerogel composite material.
More preferably, the nano aerogel consists of nano graphene aerogel and a flexible aerogel composite material. The density of the nano graphene aerogel is 0.015g/cm 3 Coefficient of thermal conductivity<0.04W/(m.K), so the graphene aerogel has the excellent characteristics of low density, high load-bearing ratio, low thermal conductivity, high specific surface area and the like; the flexible aerogel composite material has the characteristics of low heat conduction and low heat radiation, and can realize an excellent passive warm-keeping function.
The gypsum-based composite material also comprises a composite foaming agent, wherein the weight part of the composite foaming agent is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2; the composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.5 portion of foam stabilizer, 8 to 10 portions of physical foaming agent and 0.1 to 0.3 portion of sodium sulfate; the composite foaming agent consisting of the foam stabilizer, the physical foaming agent and the sodium sulfate is matched with gypsum for use, so that the 1h collapse loss of the gypsum-based composite material is less than or equal to 2mm, and the final setting and setting time is 30-50 min.
The floor system further comprises a ground decorative layer disposed above the leveling layer; the floor in the ground decoration layer can be determined according to application requirements, such as wood floors, stone materials, ceramic floor tiles, mosaic tiles or composite floors; when the stone, ceramic floor tiles and mosaic tiles are used as the floor, the bonding layer is laid at the lower part of the floor; when wood floor and composite floor are used as the floor, a moisture-proof layer is laid on the lower part of the floor.
Preferably, when the floor is a stone floor tile, a ceramic floor tile or a mosaic tile, the bonding layer is polymer cement-based bonding mortar, gypsum bonding mortar or dampproof and mildewproof gypsum bonding mortar, more preferably the dampproof and mildewproof gypsum bonding mortar, the thickness of the dampproof and mildewproof gypsum bonding mortar is 4 mm-6 mm, the mildewproof grade is 0, the drawing bonding strength is more than or equal to 1.5MPa, and the fireproof grade is A;
when the floor is a wood floor or a composite floor, the moisture-proof layer is made of pearl cotton (EPE), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam material (IXPE), plasticizer-free polyvinyl chloride (UPVC), an aluminum film floor mat or a paper floor mat, the thickness of the moisture-proof layer is controlled to be 1.5-2.5 mm, and the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 0.5%.
The invention relates to a construction method of a gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Base layer treatment and elevation level line: cleaning the structural layer in the floor system, wherein floating dust and impurities on the surface of the structural layer are cleaned; adopting a laser level meter to level horizontal lines on the peripheral walls, and determining the thickness of each bedding surface;
(2) Pasting a vertical sound insulation sheet: pasting vertical sound insulation sheets at the corners of the walls and the positions of the doorsills, and leveling the tops of the vertical sound insulation sheets with the bottom of the floor;
such as: the height of the vertical sound insulation sheet is 1.5-6 mm higher than the leveling layer;
when the vertical sound insulation sheets are pasted on the wall corners and the doorsills at the periphery, the floor in the ground decoration layer adopts stone floor tiles, ceramic floor tiles and mosaic tiles, and when the bonding layer adopts polymer cement-based bonding mortar, gypsum bonding mortar or dampproof and mildewproof gypsum bonding mortar, the vertical sound insulation sheets are higher than the leveling layer by 4-6 mm and are flush with the top of the bonding layer;
when the floor in the ground decoration layer adopts a wood floor or a composite floor and the moisture-proof layer adopts an EPE, EVA, IXPE, UPVC, aluminum film floor mat or paper floor mat, the vertical sound-proof sheet is 1.5-2.5 mm higher than the leveling layer and is flush with the top of the moisture-proof layer;
(3) Preparing a sound insulation and heat preservation layer:
stirring all components in the gypsum-based composite material by adopting a forced stirrer to prepare gypsum-based composite material slurry, wherein the stirring time is 2-3 min, the slurry is uniformly stirred, the fluidity of the slurry is controlled to be 140mm +/-3 mm, and the slurry is poured on the cleaned structure layer to form a continuous seamless sound-insulation heat-preservation layer;
(4) Preparing a leveling layer on the sound insulation and heat preservation layer:
after the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer is paved for 0.5 to 1 hour, pouring damp-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar to form a leveling layer;
(5) The sound insulation heat preservation layer and the leveling layer are continuously constructed and naturally cured, and after the leveling layer is poured for 4 hours, people can go on to carry out the next procedure and lay a ground decoration layer;
when the floor decoration layer is not contained, the construction period from pouring to finishing the leveling layer is 4-6 h.
Advantageous effects
(1) The invention provides a gypsum-based sound-insulation heat-preservation floor system, wherein a sound-insulation heat-preservation layer and a leveling layer in the floor system are made of gypsum-based homogeneous materials, and a foundation is provided for firm bonding of an upper layer and a lower layer. On the basis of the gypsum-based homogeneous material, the preparation of each component in the gypsum-based composite material in the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer and the preparation of each component in the moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar in the leveling layer ensure that the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer and the leveling layer are firmly bonded without displacement. The floor system has no shrinkage, no reinforcement and cracking resistance, the leveling layer and the sound insulation and heat insulation layer are both made of gypsum homogeneous cementing materials with micro-expansion characteristics, the system volume stability is good, and the problem of hollowing and cracking of the organic floating floor is solved. The gypsum-based floor system is a green environment-friendly pollution-free product, has stable chemical properties, does not emit toxic and harmful substances during use, and does not cause environmental pollution. The water vapor transmission coefficient is low, the decomposition and the mildew are avoided, and the weather resistance is strong; the flame retardant material can bear a static load of 0.8-2.2 MPa, and has excellent flame retardant property and a grade A of combustion performance; the service life is more than or equal to 50 years, and the requirement of the same service life with the building main body can be met.
Hydrophilic rubber particles are added into the sound-insulation and heat-preservation layer, so that the sound-insulation and heat-preservation functions of the floor system are enhanced, and when the same impact sound source acts, the impact sound insulation of the floor system can be reduced by about 5%.
The whole floor system is arranged, so that the heat transfer coefficient is less than or equal to 1.5W/(m 2 K) which is improved by 15 percent compared with the standard, and the heat transfer coefficient is not more than 1/2 of that of the traditional floor slab, and the heat transfer coefficient of the household floor slab specified in the design Standard for energy conservation and building in Sichuan province DB51-5027 is not more than 1.8[ W/(m) 2 ·K)]Has the function of heat preservation.
Although the sound insulation and heat preservation layer of the floor system adopts the hydrophilic rubber particles with the fire-proof grade of B, the surface of the hydrophilic rubber particles in the floor system has gaps, so that the permeation of gypsum slurry is facilitated, and the gypsum is a grade A fire-proof material, and the fire-proof grade of the floor system is also grade A by wrapping the rubber particles with the gypsum.
The carbon emission of the floor system is less than 40% of that of the organic material sound insulation floating floor system; the leveling layer of the floor system is high in strength and durable, has moisture-proof and mildew-proof properties, and has a mildew-proof grade of 0. The gypsum-based composite material disclosed by the invention has lower rigidity and good density foaming sound insulation layer after being hardened, and the foot feeling comfort level is obviously improved.
The leveling layer in the floor system is a gypsum-based self-leveling layer, is high in strength and durable, can be used for primary leveling construction, does not need secondary leveling, and has moisture-proof and mildew-proof properties, and the mildew-proof grade is 0. The gypsum composite material has better rigidity after being hardened than an organic sound-proof layer, and the foot feeling comfort degree is obviously improved.
The invention has obvious carbon reduction effect, reduces carbon emission by 60 percent compared with a cement-based material floor sound insulation and heat preservation system, reduces the surface density by more than 30 percent, reduces the dead weight load of the floor and improves the safety.
(2) The invention provides a gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor slab system, wherein rubber particles are treated under specific parameters in a plasma atmosphere, the surfaces of the rubber particles can generate a plurality of cavities and micro-crack gaps, so that the contact angle of the rubber particles is less than or equal to 15 degrees, and the gypsum slurry in a gypsum-based composite material can be favorably permeated into the gaps.
(3) The invention provides a gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system, which is characterized in that a composite foaming agent consisting of a foam stabilizer, a physical foaming agent and sodium sulfate is matched with gypsum for use, so that the 1h collapse loss of a gypsum-based composite material is less than or equal to 2mm, and the final setting time is 30-50 min.
(4) The invention provides a gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system, wherein a floor in a ground decoration layer can be determined according to application requirements, such as a wood floor, a stone material, a ceramic floor tile, a mosaic tile or a composite floor; when the stone, ceramic floor tiles and mosaic tiles are used as the floor, the bonding layer is laid at the lower part of the floor; when wood floor and composite floor are used as the floor, a moisture-proof layer is laid on the lower part of the floor.
(5) The invention provides a construction method of a gypsum-based sound-insulation and heat-preservation floor system, wherein the floor system containing the sound-insulation and heat-preservation layer and a leveling layer can be planted 4 hours after the leveling layer is constructed, and can be naturally maintained, and the construction period can not reach 1/10 of that of an organic material sound-insulation floating floor. The leveling layer and the sound insulation and heat insulation layer of the floor system adopt gypsum homogeneous gelled materials with micro-expansion characteristics, the system has good volume stability, and meanwhile, the problem of hollowing and cracking of the organic floating floor is better solved by adopting the continuous construction mode.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the results of a mildew resistance test of a floor system as described in comparative example 2.
Figure 2 is a graph of the results of the mildew resistance test of the floor system described in example 1.
Fig. 3 shows the results of the mildew resistance test on a floor system as described in example 2.
Fig. 4 shows the results of the mildew resistance test on a floor system as described in example 3.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following detailed description, wherein the processes are conventional unless otherwise specified, and the starting materials are commercially available or may be prepared from literature.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example is C30 concrete with a thickness of 120mm as a floor slab structure layer.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a floor system, which comprises, from bottom to top, 120mm thick C30 concrete as a floor structure layer, 2mm thick polyurethane as a sound insulation and vibration reduction layer, 50mm thick leveling floating layer consisting of C25 fine stone and reinforcing steel bar net, 1.5mm thick EPE as a moisture-proof layer, the water absorption of the EPE is less than or equal to 0.5%, and 12mm thick wood floor.
Example 1
The utility model provides a gypsum base sound insulation heat preservation floor system, the floor system is from supreme structural layer, sound insulation heat preservation, screed-coat and the ground decorative layer of being in proper order down.
The structural layer is made of C30 concrete with the thickness of 120 mm; the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is made of a gypsum-based composite material with the thickness of 30 mm; the leveling layer is made of moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar with the thickness of 10 mm; the floor decoration layer is sequentially provided with an EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) moisture-proof layer with the thickness of 1.5mm, a water absorption rate of EVA less than or equal to 0.5% and a wood floor with the thickness of 12mm from the leveling layer to the top.
The gypsum-based composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-mesh hydrophilic rubber particles: 25 parts of desulfurized gypsum: 75 parts of a retarding water reducing agent: 0.57 part, water: 38 parts of nano graphene aerogel: 2 parts of composite foaming agent: 0.5 part.
The hydrophilic rubber is prepared by the following method: and (3) carrying out motion treatment on the rubber particles with the sphericity coefficient of 0.8 and the particle size of 60 meshes in a plasma atmosphere, wherein the treatment power is 100W, the treatment time is 250s, and the rubber particles with the contact angle of less than or equal to 10 degrees are obtained.
The composite foaming agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: foam stabilizer: 0.2 part, physical foaming agent: 8 parts, sodium sulfate: 0.12 part.
The raw materials of the moistureproof and mildewproof gypsum self-leveling mortar comprise the following components in parts by weight: desulfurized gypsum: 100 parts of water: 35 parts of a retarding water reducing agent: 0.26 part of a waterproofing agent: 0.2 part of mildew preventive: 0.2 part.
The retarding water reducer used in the gypsum-based composite material and the damp-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is the retarding water reducer described in Chinese patent application file CN110482901A, namely retarding water reducer for phosphorous building gypsum and preparation method thereof, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 92 parts of polycarboxylic mother liquor, 10 parts of borax, 0.5 part of protein retarder, 0.7 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether, 0.15 part of cellulose nanosphere, 0.8 part of polysiloxane and 97 parts of water.
The waterproof agent used in the dampproof and mildewproof gypsum self-leveling mortar is the waterproof agent described in Chinese patent application document CN109851275A, namely composite gypsum waterproof agent and an application method thereof, and comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of alkyl sodium silicate, 2.8 parts of stearic acid, 20 parts of alum, 18 parts of titanium dioxide, 90 parts of Portland cement, 180 parts of S95 mineral powder and 0.8 part of hydroxyl-terminated modified hyperbranched polymer; the hydroxyl-terminated modified hyperbranched polymer is a hyperbranched polymer modified by tetradecyl chloride.
The mildew preventive used in the dampproof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is the mildew preventive described in Chinese patent application document CN111847975A, namely preparation and application methods of a gypsum composite mildew preventive with a waterproof function, and the mildew preventive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of inorganic antibacterial component, 6 parts of chitosan, 6 parts of sodium methylsilicate, 10 parts of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 1.5 parts of sodium bicarbonate and 0.7 part of sodium dodecyl sulfate; each part of the inorganic antibacterial component consists of 2 parts of nano silver, 2 parts of borax, 3 parts of nano titanium dioxide and 12 parts of montmorillonite.
The construction method of the gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system comprises the following steps:
(1) Base layer treatment and elevation level line: cleaning the structural layer in the floor system, wherein floating dust and impurities on the surface of the structural layer are cleaned; adopting a laser level meter to level horizontal lines on the peripheral walls, and determining the thickness of each layer;
(2) Pasting a vertical sound insulation sheet: the vertical sound insulation sheets are pasted at the corners and the doorsills, the floor in the embodiment adopts a wood floor, the vertical sound insulation sheets are 1.5mm higher than the leveling layer and are flush with the top of the moisture-proof layer, namely the top of the vertical sound insulation sheets is level with the bottom of the floor;
(3) Preparing a sound insulation and heat preservation layer:
stirring all components in the raw materials of the gypsum-based composite material by adopting a forced stirrer to prepare gypsum-based composite material slurry, wherein the stirring time is 2-3 min, the stirring is uniform, the fluidity of the slurry is controlled to be 140 +/-3 mm, and the slurry is poured on the cleaned structure layer to form a continuous seamless sound-insulation heat-preservation layer;
(4) Preparing a leveling layer on the sound insulation and heat preservation layer:
after the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is paved for 1h, pouring damp-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar to prepare a leveling layer;
(5) The sound insulation heat preservation layer and the leveling layer are continuously constructed and naturally cured, and after the leveling layer is poured for 4 hours, people can go on to carry out the next procedure and lay a ground decoration layer;
when the floor decoration layer is not contained, the construction period from pouring to finishing the leveling layer is 4-6 h.
Example 2
The gypsum-based sound-insulation heat-preservation floor system provided by the embodiment is different from the gypsum-based sound-insulation heat-preservation floor system provided by the embodiment 1 in that the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer is made of a gypsum-based composite material with the thickness of 40 mm;
the gypsum-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-mesh hydrophilic rubber particles: 35 parts, phosphogypsum: 65 parts of a retarding water reducing agent: 0.57 part, water: 34 parts of nano graphene aerogel: 3 parts of a mixture;
the waterproof agent in the moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is as follows: 0.25 part of mildew preventive: 0.3 part.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The gypsum-based sound-insulation heat-preservation floor system provided by the embodiment is different from the gypsum-based sound-insulation heat-preservation floor system provided by the embodiment 1 in that the sound-insulation heat-preservation layer is made of a gypsum-based composite material with the thickness of 40 mm;
the gypsum-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100-mesh hydrophilic rubber particles: 45 parts of desulfurized gypsum: 60 parts, 0.79 part of a retarding water reducing agent, and water: 38 parts of nano graphene aerogel: 4.5 parts;
the hydrophilic rubber is prepared by the following method: and (3) carrying out motion treatment on the rubber particles with the sphericity coefficient of 0.8 and the particle size of 100 meshes in a plasma atmosphere, wherein the treatment power is 120W, the treatment time is 240s, and the rubber particles with the contact angle of less than or equal to 10 degrees are obtained.
The waterproof agent in the moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar is as follows: 0.35 part of mildew preventive: 0.4 part.
The rest of the process was the same as in example 1.
Test example
The floor systems provided in comparative examples 1-2 and examples 1-3 are subjected to acoustic performance tests, and the weighted standardized impact sound pressure level and the impact sound pressure level improvement amount of each floor system are tested through a sound source impact pilot simulation test; the heat transfer coefficient and the carbon emission of each floor system are respectively calculated by the following formulas; the weighted normalized impact pressure level, impact pressure level improvement, heat transfer coefficient, and carbon emissions data are shown in table 1.
The heat transfer coefficient (K) is calculated by the following formula:
k =1/R, and R is total thermal resistance of the sound insulation heat preservation floor.
Carbon emissions (C) JZ ) And calculating according to a carbon emission calculation formula in GB/T51366-2019 'building carbon emission calculation Standard'.
The mechanical properties, moisture and mildew resistance of the leveling layers of comparative example 2 and examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2. The mildew-resistant test is carried out according to standard 'determination of fungus resistance of synthetic polymer material' ASTMG21, and the mildew-resistant grade is judged by visually observing the growth area of fungi (grade 0: no mould growth, extremely strong mildew resistance of the material; grade 1: mould growth and sporulation traces with the area less than 10%, strong mildew resistance of the material; grade 2: a small amount of mould growth and sporulation with the area less than 10% and less than 30%, no mildew resistance of the material; grade 3: a small amount of mould growth and sporulation with the area less than 30% and less than 60%, no mildew resistance of the material; grade 4: a small amount of mould growth and sporulation with the area less than 60%, no mildew resistance of the material; the test selection strains are Aspergillus niger-ATCC 16404, penicillium pinophilum-ATCC 11797, chaetomium globosum-6205, scopulariopsis-ATCC 9645, and Aureobasidium pullulan-ATCC 15233).
TABLE 1 weighted normalized impact sound pressure level and impact sound pressure level improvement, heat transfer coefficient and carbon emission table for comparative examples 1-2 and examples 1-3
Remarking: and the comparison of three indexes of carbon emission calculation, fire-proof grade and surface density does not comprise a structural layer.
As can be seen from Table 1, the weighted standardized impact sound pressure levels of the examples 1 to 3 are smaller than those of the comparative examples 1 to 2, and the improvement amounts of the impact sound pressure levels are larger than those of the comparative examples 1 to 2, which shows that the gypsum-based composite material adopted in the examples 1 to 3 is used as a sound insulation heat preservation layer and the polyurethane is used as a sound insulation heat preservation layer of a floating floor slab, so that the gypsum-based composite material has a better sound insulation effect when the same impact sound source acts. The weighted normalized impact pressure level and the improvement in impact pressure level of comparative examples 1-3 indicate that example 3 provides the best impact sound insulation.
The heat transfer coefficient of the floor without sound insulation and heat preservation treatment is 3.47W/(m) through calculation of the heat transfer coefficient 2 K) compared with the comparative example 2, the gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system of the embodiment 1 to 3 has higher thermal performance than the floor system with the polyurethane material of the comparative example 2 as a sound insulation and vibration reduction layer. As can be seen from the carbon emission calculation results, the carbon emission of the gypsum-based sound-insulation and heat-preservation floor system in the embodiments 1 to 3 is smaller than that of the floor system with the polyurethane material in the comparative ratio 2 as a sound-insulation and vibration-reduction layer, and is less than 40% of that of a sound-insulation floating floor system made of an organic material, so that the environment is protected.
As is apparent from the fire ratings of Table 1, the gypsum-based composite floor systems of examples 1-3 and the polyurethane material of comparative example 2 were class A as the sound-deadening and vibration-damping layer. The areal density of the floor systems of examples 1-3 is significantly less than comparative example 2, which indicates that the areal density is about 50% lighter than that of the polyurethane insulation systems in the market. It will be appreciated that the floor systems produced in examples 1-3 are lighter in weight, so that the lower the load on the building, the safer the building; because the quality is light, the heat preservation effect of this floor system is just better.
TABLE 2 mechanical Properties, damp and mildew preventive Properties of the leveling layer of comparative example 2 and examples 1 to 3
As can be seen from table 2, the floor systems prepared in examples 1-3 both had better compressive strength and flexural strength than comparative example 2, indicating that the floor systems prepared in examples 1-3 had high stiffness, with the stiffness of the screed contributing the most to the stiffness of the floor system, which means that the stiffness of the screed in examples 1-3 was better than that of comparative example 2; because the ground decorative layer is arranged on the leveling layer, the leveling layer needs to bear load, and the higher the compression strength and the bending strength of the leveling layer is, the better the compression strength and the bending strength are, so that the hollowing and cracking can be effectively avoided. The floor systems made in examples 1-3 had significantly lower shrinkage than comparative example 2, indicating that they did not crack easily; the floor systems prepared in examples 1-3 had good mold resistance and low water absorption.
As can be seen from the figure 1, the mildew around the culture dish of the test piece in the comparative example 2 has growth signs, and the growth area of the mildew on the surface of the test piece is over 60 percent, so that the worst mildew-proof grade of 4 is achieved, and the test piece has no mildew-proof capability; as can be seen from comparison of FIGS. 2 to 4, the mold around the culture dish of the test pieces in examples 1 to 3 showed growth, colonies appeared to different degrees on the surfaces of the test pieces in examples 1 to 2, and no mold appeared on the surface of the test piece in example 3, which indicates that all of examples 1 to 3 had a certain mold-proof effect and that example 3 had the best mold-proof effect.
The present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and any equivalent substitutions or partial modifications made under the principle of the spirit of the present invention should be considered as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a gypsum base sound insulation heat preservation floor system which characterized in that: the floor system comprises a structural layer, a sound insulation and heat preservation layer and a leveling layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top; the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is made of a gypsum-based composite material, and the leveling layer is made of moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar;
the gypsum-based composite material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-100 mesh hydrophilic rubber particles: 15-40 parts of phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum: 60-85 parts of a retarding water reducing agent: 0.26 to 1.12 parts of water: 30-50 parts of nano aerogel: 1-5 parts;
the hydrophilic rubber particles are rubber particles with a sphericity coefficient of 0.80-0.85 and a contact angle of less than or equal to 15 degrees;
the moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar comprises the following components in parts by weight: phosphogypsum or desulfurized gypsum: 100-120 parts of water: 35-50 parts of a retarding water reducer: 0.26 to 1.12 parts of a waterproof agent: 0.2-0.8 part of mildew preventive: 0.1 to 0.5 portion.
2. The gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrophilic rubber particles are prepared by the following method: the rubber particles with the sphericity coefficient of 0.80-0.85 are processed in a moving way in the plasma atmosphere, the processing power is 60W-200W, and the processing time is 200 s-300 s.
3. The gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system according to claim 2, wherein: under the conditions that the treatment power is 80W-120W and the treatment time is 230 s-270 s, the hydrophilic rubber particles with the contact angle less than or equal to 10 degrees are obtained.
4. A gypsum-based acoustical insulation and thermal insulation floor system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the retarding water reducer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 to 100 portions of polycarboxylic mother liquor or melamine mother liquor, 9 to 20 portions of borax, 0.2 to 1.0 portion of retarder, 0 to 1.5 portions of cellulose ether, 0.1 to 0.2 portion of suspension stabilizer, 0.1 to 1 portion of defoamer and 90 to 100 portions of water;
the waterproof agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.5 to 2.8 portions of alkyl sodium silicate, 2.0 to 3.9 portions of stearic acid, 15.8 to 24.2 portions of alum, 11.2 to 22.4 portions of titanium pigment, 75.0 to 100.0 portions of cement, 150.0 to 200.0 portions of mineral powder and 0.5 to 1.0 portion of hydroxyl-terminated modified hyperbranched polymer;
the mildew preventive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3 to 8 portions of inorganic antibacterial component, 3 to 8 portions of chitosan, 3 to 7 portions of sodium methyl silicate, 4 to 14 portions of silicone-acrylic emulsion, 0.2 to 2 portions of pH regulator and 0.1 to 1 portion of sodium dodecyl sulfate; the inorganic antibacterial component comprises 1 to 3 parts of nano silver, 1 to 3 parts of borax and 1 to 5 parts of nano titanium dioxide.
5. A gypsum-based acoustical insulation and thermal insulation floor system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the nano aerogel is more than one of nano graphene aerogel, nano silicon dioxide aerogel and flexible aerogel composite materials.
6. The gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the nano aerogel consists of nano graphene aerogel and a flexible aerogel composite material.
7. A gypsum-based acoustical insulation and thermal insulation floor system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the gypsum-based composite material also comprises a composite foaming agent, wherein the weight part of the composite foaming agent is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2; the composite foaming agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.1 to 0.5 portion of foam stabilizer, 8 to 10 portions of physical foaming agent and 0.1 to 0.3 portion of sodium sulfate.
8. A gypsum-based acoustical insulation and thermal insulation floor system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the floor system further comprises a ground decorative layer disposed above the leveling layer; the floor in the ground decoration layer is a wood floor, a stone material, a ceramic floor tile, a mosaic tile or a composite floor;
when the floor is a stone floor tile, a ceramic floor tile or a mosaic tile, laying an adhesive layer below the floor, wherein the adhesive layer is polymer cement-based adhesive mortar, gypsum adhesive mortar or dampproof and mildewproof gypsum adhesive mortar;
when the floor is a wood floor or a composite floor, a moisture-proof layer is laid under the floor, the moisture-proof layer is made of pearl cotton, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, electronic cross-linked polyethylene foam material, plasticizer-free polyvinyl chloride, an aluminum film floor mat or a paper floor mat, the thickness of the floor is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the water absorption rate is less than or equal to 0.5%.
9. The gypsum-based sound insulation and heat preservation floor system according to claim 8, wherein: the bonding layer is moisture-proof and mildew-proof gypsum bonding mortar, the thickness of the bonding layer is 4-6 mm, the mildew-proof grade is 0, the drawing bonding strength is more than or equal to 1.5MPa, and the fire-proof grade is A.
10. A method of constructing a gypsum-based acoustical insulation and thermal insulation floor system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Cleaning the structural layer and determining the thickness of each layer;
(2) Pasting vertical sound insulation sheets at the corners of the walls and the doorsills, and leveling the tops of the vertical sound insulation sheets and the bottom of the floor;
(3) Uniformly stirring all components in the gypsum-based composite material to obtain gypsum-based composite material slurry, wherein the fluidity of the slurry is 140mm +/-3 mm, and pouring the slurry on a structural layer to form a continuous seamless sound insulation and heat preservation layer;
(4) After the sound insulation and heat preservation layer is paved for 0.5 h-1 h, pouring damp-proof and mildew-proof gypsum self-leveling mortar to form a leveling layer;
(5) And the sound insulation heat preservation layer and the leveling layer are constructed continuously and cured naturally, and after the leveling layer is poured and formed stably, the ground decoration layer is laid.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116462481A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-21 | 西南科技大学 | Phosphogypsum slat capable of preventing moss and mildew and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535185A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-04 | 重庆建工第七建筑工程有限责任公司 | Leveling plaster for modular heat-insulating and sound-insulating component construction and construction method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116462481A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-07-21 | 西南科技大学 | Phosphogypsum slat capable of preventing moss and mildew and preparation method thereof |
| CN116535185A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-04 | 重庆建工第七建筑工程有限责任公司 | Leveling plaster for modular heat-insulating and sound-insulating component construction and construction method thereof |
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