CN115896883A - Nickel alloying ABS plastic for camera support and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Nickel alloying ABS plastic for camera support and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115896883A CN115896883A CN202210612304.8A CN202210612304A CN115896883A CN 115896883 A CN115896883 A CN 115896883A CN 202210612304 A CN202210612304 A CN 202210612304A CN 115896883 A CN115896883 A CN 115896883A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nickel alloying ABS plastic for a camera bracket and a preparation method thereof. Wherein the metal coating comprises a nickel alloy coating. The plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating provided by the invention has the advantages of high binding force between the coating and a substrate, compact and flat coating, high hardness, small resistance value, low magnetic permeability and good corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plastic materials of nickel alloy coatings, and particularly relates to nickel alloying ABS plastic for a camera support and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic is an organic material which is seen everywhere in modern society, common ABS plastic is polymerized by three monomers of acrylonitrile (A) (23-41%), butadiene (B) (10-30%) and styrene (S) (29-60%), and has the common properties of the three monomers, wherein A enables the ABS plastic to resist chemical corrosion and heat and has certain surface hardness, B enables the ABS plastic to have high elasticity and toughness, S enables the ABS plastic to have the processing and forming characteristics of thermoplastic plastics and improves the electrical performance, and a series of ABS plastic base materials with different properties can be produced by only changing the proportion, the polymerization method and the particle size of the three monomers. ABS plastics are easy to prepare, low in price and good in comprehensive performance, and are widely applied to the chemical industry and the manufacturing industry.
ABS plastics are often applied to manufacturing mobile phone shells and camera supports to reduce the weight of a machine body, and the support materials of the existing cameras are often obtained by integrally molding and injection molding an ABS coating; however, in the prior art, the binding force between the plating layer and the plastic substrate is not enough, so that the problems of foaming, cracking and the like are easy to occur, and meanwhile, the problems of high resistance value, high magnetic conductivity and the like are also existed, so that the camera is easy to be adversely affected in the using process.
CN111471999A discloses a low-toxicity palladium-free electroplating process for plastic structural parts, ABS plastics are subjected to plasma treatment, presoaking treatment, sensitizing solution and activating solution spraying treatment, chemical silver plating, copper and nickel electroplating, chromium electroplating treatment and drying to obtain a material, and a composite metal plating layer and graphene are uniformly and compactly compounded, have good stability, and have excellent conductivity and wear resistance. However, ABS plastic particles are made in China and imported abroad, the characteristic liquids of the ABS plastic particles are not completely the same, and only specific plastics are tested to determine the optimal process parameters, so that the waste of materials and working hours caused by blind production is prevented.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a nickel-alloyed ABS plastic for a camera bracket, which comprises an ABS plastic base material, a copper plating layer, a nickel alloy plating layer and a chromium plating layer from bottom to top.
The ABS plastic substrate is prepared from ABS plastic particles serving as raw materials, the ABS plastic particles are made in China and imported abroad, the characteristic liquids of the ABS plastic particles are not completely the same, and only experiments are carried out on specific plastics to determine the optimal process parameters and prevent the material and working hours from being wasted due to blind production. The ABS plastic base material is purchased from Kunshan Jinkaiwo plastics Co., ltd, and the brand is AG15A1.
The nickel alloy ABS plastic comprises the following electroplating solution of a nickel alloy plating layer in parts by mass: 20-40 parts of nickel salt, 5-10 parts of phosphorus-containing inorganic acid, 5-10 parts of phosphorus-containing inorganic salt, 1-4 parts of organic acid and 50-75 parts of deionized water.
In a preferred embodiment, the electroplating solution for the nickel alloy plating layer includes: 28 parts of nickel salt, 10 parts of phosphorus-containing inorganic acid, 8 parts of phosphorus-containing inorganic salt, 2 parts of organic acid and 62 parts of deionized water.
The pH value of the electroplating liquid of the nickel alloy plating layer is 2-3.
The nickel salt comprises one or more of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel bromide and nickel acetate.
Further, the nickel salt is a compound of nickel sulfate and nickel chloride, and the mass ratio of the nickel salt to the nickel chloride is (7.5-5): 1
Preferably, the nickel salt is a compound of nickel sulfate and nickel chloride, and the mass ratio of the nickel salt to the nickel chloride is 7:1.
the nickel ions in the nickel plating process are mainly provided by nickel sulfate, and when the concentration of the nickel ions is lower, the deposition speed is slower, but the crystallization of the plating layer is fine. When the concentration of nickel ions is higher, the current density is improved, the deposition speed of nickel can be accelerated, and the color of a nickel layer is uniform. However, too high a concentration of nickel salt deteriorates the dispersion ability of the plating solution, thereby affecting the efficiency of anodic polarization. The applicant finds that adding a small amount of nickel chloride into nickel sulfate can greatly improve the anode polarization efficiency, improve the dispersion capacity of a high nickel salt system, ensure the deposition speed of nickel, and simultaneously ensure that a nickel alloy layer has good bonding force and uniform color. In the process of electroplating nickel alloy for possible reasons, the anode is easy to passivate, and chloride ions are effective anode activators and can adsorb and remove heterogeneous ions on the surface of the passivated anode, so that the anode is not easy to passivate, and the nickel plating efficiency is ensured. However, the high concentration of sodium ions in the plating solution can make the plating layer brittle, the binding force and the brightness are poor, the introduction of hydrogen chloride can greatly affect the pH value of the nickel plating solution, so that the structure and the performance of a nickel layer are affected, nickel ions and chloride ions can be simultaneously provided by adding nickel chloride, the solubility of the nickel chloride is higher than that of nickel sulfate, the comprehensive performance of a nickel alloy layer is obviously improved, but the price of the nickel chloride is higher than that of the nickel sulfate, and the equipment is corroded to a certain extent by excessively high chloride ions, and the applicant finds that the mass ratio of the nickel sulfate to the nickel chloride is controlled to be (7.5-5): 1, the nickel plating efficiency is highest, the corrosion to equipment is small, the surface smoothness of a plating layer is high, the surface is bright, the color is uniform, and the appearance is attractive and smooth.
The phosphorus-containing inorganic acid includes: hypophosphorous acid, phosphorous acid; the phosphorus-containing inorganic salt includes: one or more of sodium phosphite, potassium phosphite, sodium hypophosphite, potassium hypophosphite and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the phosphorus-containing inorganic acid and the phosphorus-containing inorganic salt include: hypophosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite and sodium phosphite.
Further, the phosphorus-containing inorganic acid and the phosphorus-containing inorganic salt include: hypophosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite, wherein the mass ratio of (0.5-1): (1-1.5): (0.5-1).
Further, the mass ratio of the hypophosphorous acid to the sodium hypophosphite is 0.8:1:0.6.
the applicant finds that the nickel-phosphorus plating layer has stronger bonding force and lower magnetic conductivity by adopting the combination of hypophosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite as the components of the electroplating liquid. The probable reason is that sodium hypophosphite is a reducing agent commonly used in the nickel electroplating process, under the condition of electrifying, hydrogen ions in a system can be greatly consumed, the pH value of the system is quickly increased, and when the pH value is higher, the reduction effect of sodium hypophosphite is enhanced, so that a plating layer can be obtained on a part with a complicated geometric shape, and the bonding force of the plating layer is better. And when the pH is too high, impurities with high content can be formed, so that the binding force of the nickel-phosphorus alloy is influenced, and the performance is influenced, so that the pH has great influence on the system, and hypophosphorous acid is used as a buffer agent, so that the pH of the system can be adjusted, and the pH of the whole nickel plating process is ensured to be between 2 and 3. Under the condition, the nickel-phosphorus plating layer forms amorphous isotropy of a partial structure, so that the magnetic conductivity of the obtained plating layer is reduced, and meanwhile, the plating layer and the substrate have good binding force and are not easy to peel off.
The organic acid is selected from one or more of citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, salicylic acid butyric acid, pelargonic acid, formic acid, cinnamic acid, rosmarinic acid, vanillic acid, ascorbic acid, abscisic acid, mandelic acid, mevalonic acid, glutaric acid, phthalic acid, iminodiacetic acid, pyromellitic acid, butane tetracarboxylic acid, methanesulfonic acid, oleic acid, lauric acid, malonic acid, thiolanic acid, glycine, sarcosine, sulfonic acid, nicotinic acid, picolinic acid, isonicotinic acid and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
Further, the organic acid is a combination of citric acid, lactic acid and malic acid.
The organic acid combination comprises 0.2-1 part of citric acid by mass.
Preferably, the organic acid combination comprises 0.5 part of citric acid by mass parts.
The organic acid combination comprises 0.2-1 part by mass of lactic acid.
Preferably, the organic acid combination includes 0.5 parts by mass of lactic acid.
The organic acid combination comprises 1-2 parts by mass of malic acid.
Preferably, the organic acid combination comprises 1 part of malic acid by mass part.
The phosphorus-containing inorganic acid and the phosphorus-containing inorganic salt are added into the nickel salt, so that the magnetic conductivity of the product can be effectively reduced, but the resistance value of the obtained plating layer is high, and the plating layer is still not suitable for being used as a camera support. And when citric acid, lactic acid and malic acid are added into the system, particularly 0.2-1 part by mass of citric acid, 0.2-1 part by mass of lactic acid and 1-2 parts by mass of malic acid, the obtained plating layer can realize low magnetic permeability and resistance value, the magnetic permeability is less than 1.1H/m, the resistance value is less than 1.0, and the performances of the plating layer in the aspects of wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like are improved. This is probably because hypophosphorous acid or hypophosphite is oxidized into phosphorous acid substances in the system under the condition of pH 2-3, and the phosphate can form a complex with nickel, which not only affects the grain formation of nickel, but also precipitates from the system due to limited solubility, thereby affecting the compactness of the plating layer, reducing the binding force and even causing cracking. Citric acid, lactic acid and malic acid are added into the system, and can be subjected to complexing reaction with nickel preferentially, so that the formed complex has high solubility and is difficult to separate out, the compactness of the coating is ensured, the phosphorus content in the coating is moderate, and the great influence of impurities on the resistance of the coating is reduced.
The invention also discloses a preparation method of the nickel alloying ABS plastic for the camera support, which comprises the following steps:
s1, roughening and neutralizing an ABS plastic base material;
the coarsening process in the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: placing a plastic substrate in a roughening tank, wherein roughening solution is as follows: 250-350g/L of chromic anhydride, 120-180g/L of sulfuric acid, the coarsening temperature is 60-70 ℃, and the coarsening time is 5-7min.
In a preferred embodiment, the roughening liquid includes: 300g/L of chromic anhydride and 160g/L of sulfuric acid, the coarsening temperature is 65 ℃, the coarsening time is 6min, and the treated product is sent into a cleaning tank to be cleaned.
The neutralization process in the step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: placing the roughened plastic base material in a neutralization tank, wherein the neutralization solution is as follows: the content of chloride ions in the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is 250-350g/L, the neutralization temperature is 20-30 ℃, and the neutralization time is 1-4min.
In a preferred embodiment, the neutralization solution is: the content of chloride ions is 300g/L, the neutralization temperature is 25 ℃, and the neutralization time is 3min.
S2, immersing the pretreated ABS plastic substrate into a palladium salt solution for treatment, and then cleaning with clear water;
the palladium salt solution in S2 comprises palladium salt, hydrochloric acid and stannous chloride.
The activation process in the step S2 specifically includes: immersing the pretreated ABS plastic substrate into a palladium salt solution for treatment, and then cleaning with clear water, wherein the palladium activation solution comprises the following components in concentration: 15-25 ppm of palladium ions, 240-300 ml/L of hydrochloric acid and 3-7 g/L of stannous chloride, wherein the palladium activation temperature is 28-30 ℃, and the palladium activation time is 3-7 min.
In a preferred embodiment, the palladium activating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 20ppm of palladium ions, 280ml/L of hydrochloric acid and 5g/L of stannous chloride; the palladium activation temperature is 30 ℃, and the palladium activation time is 5min.
S3, immersing the ABS plastic substrate cleaned in the S2 into hydrochloric acid with a certain concentration for acid treatment;
the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the S3 is 82-95ml/L.
The acid treatment temperature is 40-50 ℃.
The acid treatment time is 2-4min.
The acid treatment process in the step S3 specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) immersing the ABS plastic substrate cleaned in the step (S2) into hydrochloric acid for acid treatment, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 82-95ml/L, the acid treatment temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the acid treatment time is 2-4min.
A preferred solution is: the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 89ml/L, the acid treatment temperature is 47 ℃, and the acid treatment time is 3min.
S4, sequentially carrying out copper plating treatment, nickel alloy plating treatment and chromium plating treatment on the acid-treated ABS plastic base material;
and the nickel alloy plating treatment in the S4 is specifically to place the ABS plastic base material subjected to the copper plating treatment in an electroplating nickel solution for nickel alloy plating treatment.
The copper plating layer in the step S4 is prepared by the step of copper electroplating. Platinum and carbon are used as anodes for electroplating, the electroplating voltage is 2-5V, the current is 90-130A, and the electroplating temperature is 20-30 ℃ for electroplating for 10-15 min.
In a preferable scheme, the step of copper plating is to plate for 12min at the plating voltage of 3V, the current of 110A and the plating temperature of 25 ℃.
The copper electroplating solution comprises the following raw materials in concentration: 150-220 g/L of copper sulfate and 60-80 g/L of sulfuric acid.
In a preferred scheme, the copper electroplating solution comprises the following raw materials in concentration: 180g/L of copper sulfate and 75g/L of sulfuric acid.
The nickel alloy layer in the step S4 is obtained by electroplating nickel alloy, and the steps are as follows: electroplating by using platinum and carbon as anodes and adopting an electro-nickelling solution at a current density of 0.2-2A/dm 2 Electroplating at 50-65 deg.c for 5-20min and pH value of 2-3.0.
In a preferable scheme, in the nickel alloy plating process, the nickel electroplating solution is adopted at the current density of 0.5A/dm 2 Electroplating at 55 deg.C for 8min.
The chromium layer in the step S4 is prepared from electroplated chromium: platinum and carbon are used as anodes for electroplating, the electroplating voltage is 3-5V, and the electroplating current is 3-5A/dm 2 The electroplating temperature is 40-60 ℃, and the electroplating time is 5-15 min; the chromium electroplating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 50-60 g/L of trivalent chromium and 40-60 g/L of hydrochloric acid.
Further, the chromium plating process uses carbon as an anode for electroplating, the electroplating voltage is 4V, and the electroplating current is 3A/dm 2 Electroplating at 46 deg.C for 10min; the chromium electroplating solution comprises the following components in concentration:56g/L of trivalent chromium and 50g/L of hydrochloric acid.
And S5, drying the ABS plastic base material treated in the S4.
And the step S5 is to carry out drying treatment on the ABS plastic base material treated in the step S4: and (3) drying the plastic base material in an oven at 30-40 ℃ for 10-30 min to obtain the electroplated plastic workpiece.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts the electrolytic copper plating, is relatively stable, easy to control and pollution-free, and has no toxic action on operators.
2. ABS plastic granules are produced in China and imported abroad, the characteristic liquids of the ABS plastic granules are not completely the same, and only specific plastics are tested to determine the optimal process parameters, so that the waste of materials and working hours caused by blind production is prevented.
3. The phosphorus-containing compound is a combination of phosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite, and a general plating layer may generate cracks, pinholes, and the like, but the amorphous plating layer (Ni-P) prevents such development due to small internal stress.
Detailed Description
Examples
Example 1
In one aspect, this embodiment 1 discloses a nickel-alloyed ABS plastic for a camera support, which includes, from bottom to top, an ABS plastic substrate, a copper plating layer, a nickel alloy plating layer, and a chromium plating layer.
In another aspect, this embodiment 1 discloses a method for preparing a nickel-alloyed ABS plastic for a camera support, including the following steps:
s1, placing a plastic substrate in a roughening tank, wherein the roughening solution is as follows: chromic anhydride 300g/L, sulfuric acid 160g/L, coarsening temperature 65 ℃, coarsening time 6min, and sending into a cleaning tank for cleaning after treatment.
Placing the roughened plastic base material in a neutralization tank, wherein the neutralization solution is as follows: the content of chloride ions in the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is 300g/L, the neutralization temperature is 25 ℃, and the neutralization time is 3min.
S2, immersing the pretreated ABS plastic substrate into a palladium salt solution for treatment, wherein the palladium activating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 20ppm of palladium ions, 280ml/L of hydrochloric acid and 5g/L of stannous chloride; the palladium activation temperature is 30 ℃, the palladium activation time is 5min, and then the cleaning is carried out by clear water.
And S3, soaking the ABS plastic substrate into hydrochloric acid for acid treatment, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 89ml/L, the acid treatment temperature is 47 ℃, and the acid treatment time is 3min.
And S4, sequentially carrying out copper plating treatment, nickel alloy plating treatment and chromium plating treatment on the ABS plastic base material subjected to the acid treatment.
(1) Electrolytic copper plating
Carbon is used as an anode for electroplating, the electroplating voltage is 3V, the current is 110A, the electroplating temperature is 25 ℃, the electroplating is carried out for 12min, and the copper electroplating solution comprises the following raw materials in concentration: 180g/L of copper sulfate and 75g/L of sulfuric acid.
(2) Electroplated nickel alloy
Electroplating with carbon as anode at current density of 0.5A/dm 2 Electroplating at 55 deg.C for 8min, and pH of 2-3.
The nickel electroplating solution comprises: 17.5 parts of nickel sulfate, 2.5 parts of nickel chloride, 5 parts of hypophosphorous acid, 5 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 1 part of citric acid, 1 part of lactic acid, 2 parts of malic acid and 75 parts of deionized water.
(3) Electroplating of chromium
Electroplating with carbon as anode at 4V and 3A/dm 2 The electroplating temperature is 46 ℃, and the electroplating time is 10min; the chromium electroplating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 56g/L of trivalent chromium and 50g/L of hydrochloric acid.
S5, drying the plastic base material in a drying oven at 34 ℃ for 15min to obtain the electroplated plastic workpiece
The ABS plastic substrate is purchased from Kunshan Jinkaiwo plastics Co., ltd, and is marked by AG15A1.
Example 2
In an aspect of this embodiment 2, a nickel alloyed ABS plastic for a camera support is disclosed, which includes, from bottom to top, an ABS plastic substrate, a copper plating layer, a nickel alloy plating layer, and a chromium plating layer.
In another aspect, this embodiment 2 discloses a method for preparing nickel alloyed ABS plastic for a camera support, including the following steps:
s1, placing a plastic substrate in a roughening tank, wherein the roughening solution is as follows: chromic anhydride 300g/L, sulfuric acid 160g/L, coarsening temperature 65 ℃, coarsening time 6min, and sending into a cleaning tank for cleaning after treatment.
Placing the roughened plastic base material in a neutralization tank, wherein the neutralization solution is as follows: the content of chloride ions in the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is 300g/L, the neutralization temperature is 25 ℃, and the neutralization time is 3min.
S2, immersing the pretreated ABS plastic substrate into a palladium salt solution for treatment, wherein the palladium activating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 20ppm of palladium ions, 280ml/L of hydrochloric acid and 5g/L of stannous chloride; the palladium activation temperature is 30 ℃, the palladium activation time is 5min, and then the cleaning is carried out by clear water.
And S3, soaking the ABS plastic substrate into hydrochloric acid for acid treatment, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 89ml/L, the acid treatment temperature is 47 ℃, and the acid treatment time is 3min.
And S4, sequentially carrying out copper plating treatment, nickel alloy plating treatment and chromium plating treatment on the acid-treated ABS plastic base material.
(1) Electrolytic copper plating
Electroplating with carbon as anode at 3V, 110A and 25 deg.C for 12min, wherein the copper electroplating solution comprises the following raw materials: 180g/L of copper sulfate and 75g/L of sulfuric acid.
(2) Electroplated nickel alloy
Electroplating with carbon as anode at current density of 0.5A/dm 2 Electroplating at 55 deg.C for 8min, and pH of 2-3.
The nickel electroplating solution comprises: 33 parts of nickel sulfate, 7 parts of nickel chloride, 10 parts of hypophosphorous acid, 15 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 5 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.5 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of lactic acid, 1 part of malic acid and 50 parts of deionized water.
(3) Electroplating of chromium
Electroplating with carbon as anode at 4V and 3A/dm 2 The electroplating temperature is 46 ℃, and the electroplating time is 10min; the chromium electroplating solution comprises the following concentrationsDividing into: 56g/L of trivalent chromium and 50g/L of hydrochloric acid.
S5, drying the plastic base material in a 34 ℃ oven for 15min to obtain the electroplated plastic workpiece
The ABS plastic substrate is purchased from Kunshan Jinkaiwo plastics Co., ltd, and is marked by AG15A1.
Example 3
In an aspect of this embodiment 3, a nickel alloyed ABS plastic for a camera support is disclosed, which includes, from bottom to top, an ABS plastic substrate, a copper plating layer, a nickel alloy plating layer, and a chromium plating layer.
In another aspect, this embodiment 3 discloses a method for preparing a nickel-alloyed ABS plastic for a camera support, including the following steps:
s1, placing a plastic substrate in a roughening tank, wherein the roughening solution is as follows: chromic anhydride 300g/L, sulfuric acid 160g/L, coarsening temperature 65 ℃, coarsening time 6min, and sending into a cleaning tank for cleaning after treatment.
Placing the roughened plastic base material in a neutralization tank, wherein the neutralization solution is as follows: the content of chloride ions in the aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride is 300g/L, the neutralization temperature is 25 ℃, and the neutralization time is 3min.
S2, immersing the pretreated ABS plastic substrate into a palladium salt solution for treatment, wherein the palladium activating solution comprises the following components in concentration: 20ppm of palladium ions, 280ml/L of hydrochloric acid and 5g/L of stannous chloride; the palladium activation temperature is 30 ℃, the palladium activation time is 5min, and then the cleaning is carried out by using clear water.
And S3, soaking the ABS plastic substrate into hydrochloric acid for acid treatment, wherein the concentration of the hydrochloric acid is 89ml/L, the acid treatment temperature is 47 ℃, and the acid treatment time is 3min.
And S4, sequentially carrying out copper plating treatment, nickel alloy plating treatment and chromium plating treatment on the acid-treated ABS plastic base material.
(1) Electrolytic copper plating
Electroplating with carbon as anode at 3V, 110A and 25 deg.C for 12min, wherein the copper electroplating solution comprises the following raw materials: 180g/L of copper sulfate and 75g/L of sulfuric acid.
(2) Electroplated nickel alloy
Electroplating with carbon as anode at current density of 0.5A/dm 2 Electroplating for 8min at 55 ℃, wherein the pH is 2-3.
The nickel electroplating solution comprises: 24.5 parts of nickel sulfate, 3.5 parts of nickel chloride, 8 parts of hypophosphorous acid, 10 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 6 parts of sodium hypophosphite, 0.5 part of citric acid, 0.5 part of lactic acid, 1 part of malic acid and 62 parts of deionized water;
(3) Electroplating of chromium
Electroplating with carbon as anode at 4V and 3A/dm 2 Electroplating at 46 deg.C for 10min; the chromium electroplating bath comprised the following components in concentrations: 56g/L of trivalent chromium and 50g/L of hydrochloric acid.
S5, drying the plastic base material in a drying oven at 34 ℃ for 15min to obtain the electroplated plastic workpiece
The ABS plastic substrate is purchased from Kunshan Jinkaiwo plastics Co., ltd, and is marked by AG15A1.
Example 4
The mass ratio of nickel sulfate to nickel chloride is changed to 10: the plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating and the preparation method thereof are the same as those in the embodiment 3.
Example 5
The mass ratio of the nickel sulfate to the nickel chloride is changed to 1: the plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating and the preparation method thereof are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Example 6
Changing the mass ratio of hypophosphorous acid to sodium hypophosphite to 1:1: the plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating and the preparation method thereof are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Example 7
Changing the mass ratio of hypophosphorous acid to sodium hypophosphite to 0.2:1.5:0.3, the plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating and the preparation method thereof are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Example 8
The plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy plating layer without adding organic acid and the preparation method thereof are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Example 9
The plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating layer without adding lactic acid and the preparation method thereof are the same as those in example 3.
Example 10
The plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy coating layer without adding citric acid and the preparation method thereof are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Example 11
The plastic mobile phone material containing the nickel alloy plating layer without adding malic acid and the preparation method thereof are the same as those of the embodiment 3.
Performance test
1. And (3) testing pencil hardness: drawing 3 lines with the length of not less than 1cm on the surface of the sample from different directions by using Mitsubishi pencils (6B, 5B, 4B, 3B, 2B, H, B, F, H, 2H, 3H, 4H, 5H, 6H, 7H, 8H and 9H) at an angle of 90 degrees; performing according to the actual condition of the sample size; recording the hardness corresponding to a pencil used for scratching the surface; wherein, the hardness is more than 6H and recorded as A, the hardness is 2H-6H and recorded as B, the hardness is H-2H and recorded as C, and the hardness is less than H and recorded as D.
2. Alcohol resistance test: wetting cotton swab with analytical alcohol (99.8% absolute alcohol), and wiping the coated surface back and forth with 1 kg force for 50 times; and observing whether the coating film is decolorized, falls off or shows the phenomenon of exposing the substrate. The evaluation scale criteria were: each example corresponds to 100 samples, a: the number of decolored or fallen or exposed base materials is 0 to 3; b: the number of decolored or fallen or exposed substrates is 4-20; c: the number of decolored or fallen or exposed base materials is 20 to 40; d: the number of decolored or fallen or exposed substrates is 40 to 100.
3. The method for testing the salt spray resistance experiment comprises the following steps: adding glacial acetic acid into 5% sodium chloride solution to reduce the pH value of the solution to about 3, controlling the temperature of a test tank to be 35 ℃ and the test time to be 24h, then cleaning with clear water, and drying at 50-60 ℃; the plating adhesion was tested using 3M610 gummed paper. A: the appearance is not abnormal and the adhesive force is more than 4B; b: the appearance is not abnormal and the adhesive force is 3B-4B; c: the appearance is not abnormal or the adhesive force is 2B-3B; d: the appearance abnormality or adhesion was designated as D below 2B.
4. Cosmetic resistance: the surface of the product is wiped clean by cotton cloth, and cosmetics are uniformly coated on the surface of the sample, wherein each cosmetic is coated with 2 samples. The cosmetics are as follows: a. fast-setting SPF50PA + +; b. petrolatum body; c. the skin-soothing and repairing emulsion; d. starting infant mosquito repellent floral water; the Ordinary 10% niacinamide essence. Temperature: 60. + -. 1 ℃ humidity: 90% -95% RH; time: 24H; and (4) after at least 2H is recovered at normal temperature, checking whether the surface of the sample is foamed or not, whether the product appearance is abnormally changed or not, and whether the paint film is obviously abnormal such as falling, separation and the like. The evaluation scale criteria were: each example corresponds to 100 samples, a: the number of the foams or paint films falling off or separating or cracking is 0 to 3; b: the number of the blisters or the falling off or separation or cracking of the paint film is 4 to 20; c: the number of the blisters or the falling off or separation or cracking of the paint film is 20 to 40; d: the number of the occurrence of foaming or paint film falling or separation or cracking is 40 to 100.
5. The method for testing the artificial sweat resistance comprises the following steps: preparing solution according to the manual juice preparation instruction, wherein the pH value is =5.2 +/-0.1; repeatedly wiping for 100 times, standing at room temperature for at least 1h, and observing whether the appearance is foamed, whether the plating layer is corroded, whether the paint film is peeled off, whether the paint film is separated, whether black spots with the diameter less than 0.5mm exist on the silver edge, and whether the silver edge is flaked or not. The evaluation scale criteria were: each example corresponds to 100 samples, a: the number of black spots with the diameter less than 0.5mm or black blocks with pieces on the silver side is 0-3; b: the number of black spots with the diameter less than 0.5mm or black blocks with pieces on the silver edge is 4-20; c: the number of black spots with the diameter less than 0.5mm or black blocks with pieces on the silver side is 20-40; d: the number of black spots with the diameter less than 0.5mm or black blocks with the silver edge is 40-100.
6. Testing of high-temperature storage: standing at 80-90 ℃ for 72h, standing at least for 2h at normal temperature, and observing whether the appearance is abnormal, wherein the evaluation grade standard is as follows: each example corresponds to 100 samples, a: the number of appearance abnormalities is 0-3; b: the number of appearance abnormalities is 4-20; c: the number of the appearance abnormity is 20-40; d: the number of appearance abnormalities is 40 to 100.
7. The temperature impact resistance test method comprises the following steps: keeping the temperature at minus 40 +/-2 ℃ for 2h, and turning to the high temperature at 80 +/-2 ℃ within 1min and keeping the temperature for 2h; the samples were tested for 10 cycles for 40h; standing the sample at normal temperature for at least 2h, observing the appearance, and testing the adhesive force; the plastic water electroplated part was directly adhered to the surface of the sample crystal with 3M610 tape 3 times without cutting the grid. A: the appearance is not abnormal and the adhesive force is more than 4B; b: the appearance is not abnormal and the adhesive force is 3B-4B; c: the appearance is not abnormal or the adhesive force is 2B-3B; d: the appearance abnormality or adhesion was designated as D below 2B.
8. And (3) magnetic permeability test: and testing the permeability of the sample by using an inductance test, wherein the permeability is less than Q and not equal to 1.01, is recorded as A, is recorded as B, is recorded as C, and is recorded as D, and the permeability is 1.1-1.6.
9. And (3) resistivity testing: and (3) performing resistance value test on the sample according to GB/T6146-2010, wherein the resistance value of less than 1 omega is marked as A, the resistance value of 1-1.5 omega is marked as B, and the resistance value of more than 2 omega is marked as C.
The plastic mobile phone materials containing the nickel alloy coatings described in examples 1 to 11 were selected, and the pencil hardness test, alcohol resistance test, salt spray resistance test, cosmetic resistance test, artificial sweat resistance test, high temperature storage resistance test, temperature impact resistance test, magnetic permeability test, and resistance value test were performed, and the test results are shown in table 1.
| High temperature storage Property | Temperature shock resistance | Magnetic permeability | Resistivity of the alloy | |
| Example 1 | A | A | A | A |
| Example 2 | A | A | A | A |
| Example 3 | A | A | A | A |
| Example 4 | B | B | C | C |
| Example 5 | B | B | C | D |
| Example 6 | B | B | C | C |
| Example 7 | B | C | C | C |
| Example 8 | D | C | C | D |
| Example 9 | B | B | C | C |
| Example 10 | B | B | C | C |
| Example 11 | B | B | C | C |
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and these changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The nickel-alloyed ABS plastic for the camera support is characterized by comprising an ABS plastic base material, a copper plating layer, a nickel alloy plating layer and a chromium plating layer from bottom to top.
2. The nickel alloyed ABS plastic according to claim 1, wherein the plating solution of the nickel alloy plating layer comprises, by mass: 20-40 parts of nickel salt, 5-10 parts of phosphorus-containing inorganic acid, 5-20 parts of phosphorus-containing inorganic salt, 1-4 parts of organic acid and 50-75 parts of deionized water.
3. The nickel alloyed ABS plastic of claim 2, wherein the nickel salt includes one or more of nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel bromide, nickel acetate.
4. The nickel alloyed ABS plastic according to claim 3, wherein the nickel salt comprises nickel sulfate and nickel chloride.
5. The nickel alloyed ABS plastic according to claim 2, characterized in that the phosphorus containing inorganic acid comprises: hypophosphorous acid and phosphorous acid; the phosphorus-containing inorganic salt includes: one or more of sodium phosphite, potassium phosphite, sodium hypophosphite, potassium hypophosphite and sodium dihydrogen phosphate.
6. The nickel alloying ABS plastic of claim 5, wherein the phosphorus-containing inorganic acid and the phosphorus-containing inorganic salt are compounded by hypophosphorous acid, sodium hypophosphite and sodium hypophosphite in a mass ratio of (0.8-1): (1-1.5): (0.5-0.8).
7. The nickel alloyed ABS plastic according to claim 2, wherein the plating solution of the nickel alloy plating layer has a pH of 2 to 3.
8. A preparation method of nickel alloying ABS plastic for a camera support is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, roughening and neutralizing an ABS plastic base material;
s2, immersing the pretreated ABS plastic substrate into a palladium salt solution for treatment, and then cleaning with clear water;
s3, soaking the ABS plastic base material cleaned in the step (2) into hydrochloric acid with a certain concentration for acid treatment;
s4, sequentially carrying out copper plating treatment, nickel alloy plating treatment and chromium plating treatment on the acid-treated ABS plastic base material;
and S5, drying the ABS plastic base material treated in the step (4).
9. The method for preparing the nickel alloying ABS plastic according to claim 8, wherein the palladium salt solution in S2 comprises palladium salt, hydrochloric acid and stannous chloride; the concentration of hydrochloric acid in the S3 is 82-95ml/L, the acid treatment temperature is 40-50 ℃, and the acid treatment time is 2-4min.
10. The method for preparing the nickel-alloyed ABS plastic according to claim 8, wherein the nickel alloy plating treatment in S4 is specifically to place the ABS plastic substrate after the copper plating treatment in an electroplating nickel solution for nickel alloy plating treatment.
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