CN115896493A - Preparation method of aluminum-copper alloy die composite material - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum-copper alloy die composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN115896493A CN115896493A CN202211304270.2A CN202211304270A CN115896493A CN 115896493 A CN115896493 A CN 115896493A CN 202211304270 A CN202211304270 A CN 202211304270A CN 115896493 A CN115896493 A CN 115896493A
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- aluminum
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum copper Chemical compound [Al].[Cu] WPPDFTBPZNZZRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007745 plasma electrolytic oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;copper Chemical compound [AlH3].[Cu] JRBRVDCKNXZZGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LXAHHHIGZXPRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-fluoro-2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C=N1 LXAHHHIGZXPRKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 abstract description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 aluminum-copper-manganese Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC([O-])=O ZGTMUACCHSMWAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910020350 Na2WO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tungstate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O XMVONEAAOPAGAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum-copper alloy, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum-copper alloy die composite material, which comprises the following steps: preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials; adding aluminum into the stirred smelt; refining by using zinc chloride, and casting into an ingot mold; gas is discharged to remove the non-metallic dirt on the surface; the aluminum-copper alloy prepared by the invention has high hot hardness, the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy material can be controlled by controlling the content of manganese, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy can be further improved by forming a ceramic film on the surface of a casting of the aluminum-copper alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum-copper alloy, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum-copper alloy die composite material.
Background
The aluminum-copper alloy is very hard, has chemical properties similar to those of metal aluminum, has high room-temperature and high-temperature mechanical properties, is simple in casting process, has good cutting processability and excellent heat resistance, and can be made into plates, sections, forgings, wires, bars, pipes, foils, aerospace structural members, welding rod solders, machined products, engine piston wheels and the like.
The mould is used for obtaining various moulds and tools of required products by injection molding, blow molding, extrusion, die casting or forging forming, smelting, stamping and other methods in industrial production, and part of the mould can adopt aluminum-copper alloy as a manufacturing material in order to have better room temperature and high temperature mechanical properties, but the defect of low corrosion resistance still exists when the aluminum-copper alloy is used at present, when the mould is used, the mould needs to be cleaned according to the required conditions in order to ensure the precision of the mould, when water stain is not dried after cleaning, or when the mould is exposed in air, the water on the surface is easy to cause the mould, and the mould can contact different types of casting solutions when the mould is used, but the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy is lower, and the mould directly processed by using the binary aluminum-copper alloy has higher thermal hardness in the actual use because the corrosion resistance is low, and part of the ternary aluminum-copper-manganese alloy has higher thermal hardness and is still more limited in the corrosion resistance, so that the preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy mould composite material is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an aluminum-copper alloy die composite material.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an aluminum-copper alloy die composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials, putting all copper ingots into a graphite crucible molten pool, and adding 10-15% of all aluminum materials by mass;
(2) Gradually adding a small amount of aluminum into the graphite crucible melting bath and stirring the melt;
(3) After all aluminum is dissolved, smelting the alloy to 680-720 ℃, refining the alloy by using zinc chloride, removing slag, and casting the prepared intermediate alloy into a preheated ingot mold at 680-700 ℃;
(4) When the master alloy is solidified in the ingot mould, taking out the film formed on the surface by using a ladle with a cylindrical handle so as to discharge gas from the metal when the metal is solidified and remove non-metallic dirt on the surface;
(5) Placing the shaped copper-aluminum alloy ingot into a graphite crucible to be rapidly melted, and then adding manganese and titanium;
(6) And casting the complete aluminum-copper alloy into a preheated ingot mold, putting the aluminum-copper alloy cooled and formed in the ingot mold into an electrolyte tank, and electrifying to perform micro-arc oxidation to generate the ceramic film layer.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of the composite material components is: 93.7 to 94.75 percent of aluminum, 4.5 to 5.0 percent of copper, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of manganese and 0.15 to 0.30 percent of titanium.
Preferably, in the step (1), the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are all block bodies with similar volumes, the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are uniform, clean and free of obvious impurities, and the content of the recovered aluminum material in all aluminum materials in all aluminum ingots is as follows: 25 to 45 percent.
Preferably, the graphite crucible obtained in the step (1) is prepared by firing graphite, clay, silica and wax stone as raw materials, and the graphite crucible is cleaned before use and is heated.
Preferably, the aluminum ingot in the step (2) is preheated to 160-180 ℃ before being added, and the aluminum ingot needs to sink to the deep part of a molten pool when being added into a graphite crucible molten pool.
Preferably, before the ingot mold is cast in the step (3), the inside of the ingot mold is cleaned and preheated to 280-350 ℃.
Preferably, when the master alloy is solidified to the surface of the ingot mold to form a film in the step (4), the film is firstly opened by a high-temperature resistant cutter, and then one side of the film is lifted by a high-temperature resistant ladle with a cylindrical handle and then separated from the ingot mold.
Preferably, the synthesized aluminum-copper alloy ingot in the step (5) is added into a cleaned graphite crucible again, the graphite crucible is rapidly heated by an induction furnace for smelting, manganese and titanium are added into the aluminum-copper alloy ingot after the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is molten for further smelting, strong stirring is adopted during smelting, the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is cast into a casting mold after smelting for 10-18min, and the mold is cleaned before casting and is preheated to 280-350 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (6), the electrolyte blending ratio of the micro-arc oxidation is as follows: 2-4 g/L of NaOH, 5.5-6.5 mL/L of water glass, na2WO4: 2-4 g/L of EDTA disodium, 30-40A/dm < 2 > of micro-arc oxidation current density, 30-40 ℃ of solution temperature and strong stirring during oxidation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a method for preparing an aluminum-copper alloy die composite material, which comprises the steps of adding a small amount of manganese and a trace amount of titanium into an aluminum-copper-manganese ternary alloy, wherein TMan and AlgCu in a solid precipitated ternary eutectic are dissolved into an a (Al) solid solution during solutionizing treatment of the aluminum-copper-manganese ternary alloy, supersaturated Mn is precipitated in a secondary TMn phase in a dispersion manner, al2Cu is precipitated in a dispersion manner during aging, the TMn phase in the binary eutectic is distributed on an alpha crystal boundary in an intermittent net manner, the structure and the crystal lattice of the phase are very complex, the solubility change in a at a temperature below 400 ℃ is very small, the phase is stable and is not easy to aggregate and grow at high temperature, the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material has very high hot hardness, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy material can be controlled by controlling the content of manganese.
2. According to the invention, after the preparation of the aluminum-copper alloy is finished, the aluminum-copper alloy is placed into the electrolyte and electrified for micro-arc oxidation, so that the ceramic film is formed on the surface of the aluminum-copper alloy casting, and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy can be further increased.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials, putting all copper ingots into a graphite crucible molten pool, and adding 10% of all aluminum materials by mass;
(2) Gradually adding a small amount of aluminum into the graphite crucible melting tank and stirring the melt;
(3) After all aluminum is dissolved, smelting the alloy to 680 ℃, refining the alloy by using zinc chloride, removing slag, and casting the prepared intermediate alloy into a preheated ingot mold at 680 ℃;
(4) When the master alloy is solidified in the ingot mold, a ladle with a cylindrical handle is used for taking out a film generated on the surface so as to discharge gas from the metal when the metal is solidified and remove non-metallic dirt on the surface;
(5) Placing the shaped copper-aluminum alloy ingot into a graphite crucible to be rapidly melted, and then adding manganese and titanium;
(6) Casting the complete aluminum-copper alloy into a preheated ingot mold, putting the aluminum-copper alloy cooled and formed in the ingot mold into an electrolyte tank, electrifying the aluminum-copper alloy, and performing micro-arc oxidation to generate a ceramic film layer
In the step (1), the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 93.7% of aluminum, 5.0% of copper, 1.0% of manganese and 0.30% of titanium.
In the step (1), the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are all blocky bodies with similar volumes, the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are uniform, clean and free of obvious impurities, and the content of the recovered aluminum material in all aluminum materials in all aluminum ingots is as follows: 25 percent.
The graphite crucible obtained in the step (1) is formed by firing graphite, clay, silica and wax stone as raw materials, the graphite crucible is cleaned before use, and the graphite crucible is heated.
Preheating the aluminum ingot in the step (2) to 160 ℃ before adding the aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot needs to sink deep into a molten pool when being added into the graphite crucible molten pool.
Before the ingot mold in the step (3) is cast, the inner part of the ingot mold is cleaned and preheated to 280 ℃.
And (5) when the intermediate alloy is solidified on the surface of the ingot mold to form a film in the step (4), opening the film through a high-temperature-resistant cutter, lifting one side of the film through a high-temperature-resistant ladle with a cylindrical handle, and then separating the film from the ingot mold.
And (5) adding the synthesized aluminum-copper alloy ingot into the cleaned graphite crucible again, rapidly heating by using an induction furnace for smelting, adding manganese and titanium after the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is molten, continuing to smelt, stirring strongly during smelting, casting into a mold of a casting after smelting for 10min, cleaning the mold before casting, and preheating to 280 ℃.
In the step (6), the electrolyte batching ratio of the micro-arc oxidation is as follows: 2g/L of NaOH, 5.5mL/L of water glass, na2WO4:2g/L of EDTA disodium, 30A/dm < 2 > of micro-arc oxidation current density, 30 ℃ of solution temperature and strong stirring during oxidation.
A material 1 was obtained.
Example 2:
the preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials, putting all copper ingots into a graphite crucible molten pool, and adding 12% of all aluminum materials by mass;
(2) Gradually adding a small amount of aluminum into the graphite crucible melting tank and stirring the melt;
(3) After all the aluminum is dissolved, smelting the alloy to 700 ℃, refining the alloy by using zinc chloride, removing slag, and casting the prepared intermediate alloy into a preheated ingot mold at 700 ℃;
(4) When the master alloy is solidified in the ingot mould, taking out the film formed on the surface by using a ladle with a cylindrical handle so as to discharge gas from the metal when the metal is solidified and remove non-metallic dirt on the surface;
(5) Placing the shaped copper-aluminum alloy ingot into a graphite crucible to be rapidly melted, and then adding manganese and titanium;
(6) And casting the complete aluminum-copper alloy into a preheated ingot mold, putting the aluminum-copper alloy cooled and formed in the ingot mold into an electrolyte tank, and electrifying to perform micro-arc oxidation to generate the ceramic film layer.
In the step (1), the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 94% of aluminum, 5.0% of copper, 0.8% of manganese and 0.2% of titanium.
In the step (1), the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are all block bodies with similar volumes, the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are uniform, clean and free of obvious impurities, and the content of the recycled aluminum material in all aluminum materials in all aluminum ingots is as follows: 35 percent.
The graphite crucible obtained in the step (1) is prepared by firing graphite, clay, silica and wax stone as raw materials, and is cleaned before use and is heated.
Preheating the aluminum ingot in the step (2) to 170 ℃ before adding the aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot needs to sink deep into a molten pool when being added into the graphite crucible molten pool.
And (3) cleaning the inner part of the ingot mold before casting the ingot mold in the step (3), and preheating to 320 ℃.
And (4) when the intermediate alloy is solidified to the surface of the ingot mould to form a film, opening the film through a high-temperature-resistant cutter, lifting one side of the film through a high-temperature-resistant ladle with a cylindrical handle, and then separating the film from the ingot mould.
In the step (5), the synthesized aluminum-copper alloy ingot is added into the cleaned graphite crucible again, an induction furnace is used for rapid heating for smelting, manganese and titanium are added after the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is molten for continuous smelting, strong stirring is adopted during smelting, the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is cast into a mold of a casting after smelting for 15min, and the mold is cleaned before casting and is preheated to 320 ℃.
In the step (6), the electrolyte batching ratio of the micro-arc oxidation is as follows: 3g/L of NaOH, 6mL/L of water glass, na2WO4:3g/L of EDTA disodium, 35A/dm < 2 > of micro-arc oxidation current density, 35 ℃ of solution temperature and strong stirring during oxidation.
Material 2 was obtained.
Example 3:
the preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials, putting all copper ingots into a graphite crucible molten pool, and adding 15% of all aluminum materials by mass;
(2) Gradually adding a small amount of aluminum into the graphite crucible melting tank and stirring the melt;
(3) After all the aluminum is dissolved, smelting the alloy to 720 ℃, refining the alloy by using zinc chloride, removing slag, and casting the prepared intermediate alloy into a preheated ingot mold at 700 ℃;
(4) When the master alloy is solidified in the ingot mould, taking out the film formed on the surface by using a ladle with a cylindrical handle so as to discharge gas from the metal when the metal is solidified and remove non-metallic dirt on the surface;
(5) Putting the shaped copper-aluminum alloy ingot into a graphite crucible to be quickly melted, and adding manganese and titanium;
(6) And casting the complete aluminum-copper alloy into a preheated ingot mold, putting the aluminum-copper alloy cooled and formed in the ingot mold into an electrolyte tank, and electrifying to perform micro-arc oxidation to generate the ceramic film layer.
In the step (1), the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 94.75% of aluminum, 4.5% of copper, 0.6% of manganese and 0.15% of titanium.
In the step (1), the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are all block bodies with similar volumes, the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are uniform, clean and free of obvious impurities, and the content of the recycled aluminum material in all aluminum materials in all aluminum ingots is as follows: 45 percent.
The graphite crucible obtained in the step (1) is prepared by firing graphite, clay, silica and wax stone as raw materials, and is cleaned before use and is heated.
Preheating the aluminum ingot in the step (2) to 180 ℃ before adding the aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot needs to sink deep into a molten pool when being added into the graphite crucible molten pool.
And (3) cleaning the inner part of the ingot mold before casting the ingot mold in the step (3), and preheating to 350 ℃.
And (4) when the intermediate alloy is solidified to the surface of the ingot mould to form a film, opening the film through a high-temperature-resistant cutter, lifting one side of the film through a high-temperature-resistant ladle with a cylindrical handle, and then separating the film from the ingot mould.
And (5) adding the synthesized aluminum-copper alloy ingot into the cleaned graphite crucible again, rapidly heating by using an induction furnace for smelting, adding manganese and titanium after the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is molten, continuing to smelt, stirring strongly during smelting, casting into a mold of a casting in 18min after smelting, cleaning the mold before casting, and preheating to 350 ℃.
In the step (6), the electrolyte batching ratio of the micro-arc oxidation is as follows: 4g/L of NaOH, 6.5mL/L of water glass, na2WO4:4g/L of EDTA disodium salt, 4g/L of micro-arc oxidation current density of 40A/dm < 2 >, solution temperature of 40 ℃, and strong stirring during oxidation.
A material 3 was obtained.
Example 4:
the preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials, putting all copper ingots into a graphite crucible molten pool, and adding 15% of all aluminum materials by mass;
(2) Gradually adding a small amount of aluminum into the graphite crucible melting tank and stirring the melt;
(3) After all the aluminum is dissolved, smelting the alloy to 720 ℃, refining the alloy by using zinc chloride, removing slag, and casting the prepared intermediate alloy into a preheated ingot mold at 700 ℃;
(4) When the master alloy is solidified in the ingot mould, taking out the film formed on the surface by using a ladle with a cylindrical handle so as to discharge gas from the metal when the metal is solidified and remove non-metallic dirt on the surface;
(5) Putting the shaped copper-aluminum alloy ingot into a graphite crucible to be quickly melted, and adding manganese and titanium;
(6) And casting the complete aluminum-copper alloy into a preheated ingot mold, putting the aluminum-copper alloy cooled and formed in the ingot mold into an electrolyte tank, and electrifying to perform micro-arc oxidation to generate the ceramic film layer.
In the step (1), the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 94.75% of aluminum, 4.0% of copper, 1.0% of manganese and 0.25% of titanium.
In the step (1), the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are all block bodies with similar volumes, the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are uniform, clean and free of obvious impurities, and the content of the recycled aluminum material in all aluminum materials in all aluminum ingots is as follows: 45 percent.
The graphite crucible obtained in the step (1) is prepared by firing graphite, clay, silica and wax stone as raw materials, and is cleaned before use and is heated.
Preheating the aluminum ingot in the step (2) to 180 ℃ before adding the aluminum ingot, wherein the aluminum ingot needs to sink into the deep part of a molten pool when being added into the graphite crucible molten pool.
And (3) cleaning the inner part of the ingot mold before casting the ingot mold in the step (3), and preheating to 350 ℃.
And (4) when the intermediate alloy is solidified to the surface of the ingot mould to form a film, opening the film through a high-temperature-resistant cutter, lifting one side of the film through a high-temperature-resistant ladle with a cylindrical handle, and then separating the film from the ingot mould.
And (5) adding the synthesized aluminum-copper alloy ingot into the cleaned graphite crucible again, rapidly heating by using an induction furnace for smelting, adding manganese and titanium after the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is molten, continuing to smelt, stirring strongly during smelting, casting into a mold of a casting in 18min after smelting, cleaning the mold before casting, and preheating to 350 ℃.
In the step (6), the electrolyte batching ratio of the micro-arc oxidation is as follows: 4g/L of NaOH, 6.5mL/L of water glass, na2WO4:4g/L of EDTA disodium salt, 4g/L of micro-arc oxidation current density of 40A/dm < 2 >, solution temperature of 40 ℃, and strong stirring during oxidation.
Material 4 was obtained.
Wherein: in terms of hardness, material 1= material 2 > material 3 > material 4;
in terms of strength, material 1= material 4 > material 2 > material 3;
in terms of corrosion resistance, material 4 > material 3 > material 2 > material 1.
The aluminum-copper alloy with different stability and strength can be obtained by adding different amounts of manganese, so that the oxidation resistance of the die can be improved by controlling the manganese, meanwhile, the micro-arc oxidation of the cast aluminum alloy can be smoothly carried out by using water glass, the hardness of the film can be improved by compounding Na2WO4 and EDTA disodium, the contents of Na2WO4 and EDTA in the electrolyte are increased, and the hardness of the ceramic film is also increased, so that the surface hardness and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material are increased by the preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Preparing aluminum, copper, manganese and titanium as raw materials, putting all copper ingots into a graphite crucible molten pool, and adding 10-15% of all aluminum materials by mass;
(2) Gradually adding a small amount of aluminum into the graphite crucible melting tank and stirring the melt;
(3) After all aluminum is dissolved, smelting the alloy to 680-720 ℃, refining the alloy by using zinc chloride, removing slag, and casting the prepared intermediate alloy into a preheated ingot mold at 680-700 ℃;
(4) When the master alloy is solidified in the ingot mould, taking out the film formed on the surface by using a ladle with a cylindrical handle so as to discharge gas from the metal when the metal is solidified and remove non-metallic dirt on the surface;
(5) Putting the shaped copper-aluminum alloy ingot into a graphite crucible to be quickly melted, and adding manganese and titanium;
(6) And casting the complete aluminum-copper alloy into a preheated ingot mold, putting the aluminum-copper alloy cooled and formed in the ingot mold into an electrolyte tank, and electrifying to perform micro-arc oxidation to generate the ceramic film layer.
2. The method for preparing the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 93.7 to 94.75 percent of aluminum, 4.5 to 5.0 percent of copper, 0.6 to 1.0 percent of manganese and 0.15 to 0.30 percent of titanium.
3. The method for preparing the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium in the step (1) are all block bodies with similar volumes, the aluminum, the copper, the manganese and the titanium are uniform, clean and free of obvious impurities, and the content of the recovered aluminum material in all aluminum materials in all aluminum ingots is as follows: 25 to 45 percent.
4. The method for preparing an aluminum-copper alloy mold composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite crucible obtained in the step (1) is prepared by firing graphite, clay, silica and wax stone as raw materials, the graphite crucible is cleaned before use, and the graphite crucible is heated.
5. The method for preparing an aluminum-copper alloy mold composite material according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum ingot in the step (2) is preheated to 160-180 ℃ before being added, and the aluminum ingot needs to sink deep into a graphite crucible molten pool when being added into the molten pool.
6. The method for preparing an aluminum-copper alloy mold composite material according to claim 1, wherein the ingot mold in the step (3) is cleaned before casting, and is preheated to 280-350 ℃.
7. The method for preparing an aluminum-copper alloy die composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), when the master alloy is solidified to the surface of the ingot die to form a film, the film is opened by a high-temperature resistant cutter, and then one side of the film is lifted by a high-temperature resistant scoop with a cylindrical handle and then separated from the ingot die.
8. The method for preparing the aluminum-copper alloy mold composite material according to claim 1, wherein the synthesized aluminum-copper alloy ingot in the step (5) is added into a cleaned graphite crucible again, and is rapidly heated by an induction furnace for melting, manganese and titanium are added into the aluminum-copper alloy ingot after melting for continuous melting, strong stirring is adopted during melting, the aluminum-copper alloy ingot is cast into a mold of a casting within 10-18min after melting, and the mold is cleaned before casting and is preheated to 280-350 ℃.
9. The method for preparing the aluminum-copper alloy die composite material according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), the electrolyte mixing ratio of micro-arc oxidation is as follows: 2-4 g/L of NaOH, 5.5-6.5 mL/L of water glass, na2WO4: 2-4 g/L of EDTA disodium, 30-40A/dm < 2 > of micro-arc oxidation current density, 30-40 ℃ of solution temperature and strong stirring during oxidation.
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