CN115896365A - Preparation method of carbon-iron composite furnace charge - Google Patents
Preparation method of carbon-iron composite furnace charge Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a carbon-iron composite furnace charge, which is prepared by uniformly mixing steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, adding a binder, carrying out cold press molding, and then carbonizing. The invention partially relieves the shortage problem of coking coal resources caused by the large use of coking coal resources while consuming the waste steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, realizes the high-value utilization of the steel rolling scraps, finds a new suitable raw material for preparing the carbon-iron composite furnace charge, applies the carbon-iron composite furnace charge to blast furnace production, improves the utilization rate of coal gas, promotes the generation of CO reduction gas, can partially improve the yield of molten iron, and reduces CO in the coking and iron-making processes 2 The discharge can reduce the coke consumption proportion of the blast furnace, reduce the iron-making production cost of the blast furnace and have good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of resource utilization of steelmaking wastes, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a carbon-iron composite furnace charge.
Background
With the increasing environmental problems such as global warming, CO is used 2 Emission reduction has become a challenge for humans to face in common; CO for iron and steel industry 2 The emission accounts for CO 2 The total discharge amount is more than 15 percent, and iron and steel enterprises can bear great carbon emission reduction for a long time(ii) pressure; the blast furnace-converter process, in which CO is smelted in a blast furnace, is still the main process of steel production for a considerable period of time, currently and even in the future 2 The discharge amount and the energy consumption respectively account for more than 80 percent and 70 percent of the whole process. Therefore, blast furnace ironmaking is an iron and steel industry for reducing energy consumption and reducing CO 2 The key to emissions.
In countries with the largest steel yield in the world in China, the production of a large amount of molten iron puts high requirements on coke which is a necessary raw material for ironmaking, coking coal resources are required for producing the coke, the coking coal resources are less and less along with the large consumption of the coking coal resources, particularly, the high-quality coking coal resources are gradually exhausted, and how to use the coking coal resources less becomes the largest problem at present.
Many scholars research shows that iron element and alkali metal element compound have positive catalytic action on coke gasification reaction, promote the formation of CO in the blast furnace, thereby can promote the reaction of coke and ore in the blast furnace, can regard as the raw materials of refining high reaction coke, according to the Rist operating line principle, high reactivity coke can reduce blast furnace hot reserve area temperature, improve shaft reduction efficiency, improve the coal gas utilization ratio, improve the degree of reduction of ore, thereby reach and reduce the coke ratio, reduce blast furnace manufacturing cost. The reduction of the production cost of the blast furnace and the improvement of the production efficiency of the blast furnace are the permanent subjects of iron making, so that how to prepare high-reaction coke or similar materials becomes the hot spot of the current research of iron making. Chinese patent publications (CN 106048114A, CN104119939A, CN 106635067A) and the like all propose a production method and a carbonization method of iron coke, but the production methods of the iron coke are all hot pressing methods, and the iron coke after hot pressing is all carbonized by a shaft furnace, the shaft furnace carbonization is divided into internal heating type carbonization and external heating type carbonization, the external heating type carbonization belongs to the indirect heat transfer efficiency and has low productivity; the internal heating type carbonization easily causes material dissolution loss due to direct contact of gas and the material, so that the material strength is poor, the furnace atmosphere is difficult to control in the material heating process, the hot pressing process not only consumes a large amount of energy, but also has high control requirement, great operation difficulty, long production process flow and can cause the problem of environmental pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a carbon-iron composite furnace charge, which is prepared by uniformly mixing steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, adding a binder for cold press molding, and carbonizing, so that the waste steel rolling scraps and the waste coke powder are absorbed, the problem of coking coal resource shortage caused by large-scale use of coking coal resources is partially relieved, high-value utilization of the steel rolling scraps is realized, a new appropriate raw material is found for preparing the carbon-iron composite furnace charge, and the prepared carbon-iron composite furnace charge is applied to blast furnace production, so that the reduction efficiency of a furnace body can be improved, the coal gas utilization rate is improved, the generation of CO reduction gas is promoted, the yield of molten iron can be partially improved, and the CO production in the coking process and the iron-making process is reduced 2 Thereby reducing the coke consumption proportion of the blast furnace, achieving the purpose of reducing the production cost of blast furnace ironmaking, and having good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of a carbon-iron composite furnace charge, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying and screening the steel rolling scraps, crushing and screening the waste coke powder, and uniformly mixing the processed steel rolling scraps and the processed waste coke powder to obtain a mixed material;
(2) Adding a binder into the mixed material, fully stirring and uniformly mixing the mixed material with water, and performing cold press molding to obtain a molding material;
(3) And cooling the molding material by adopting nitrogen after high-temperature carbonization treatment to obtain the carbon-iron composite furnace charge.
Preferably, in the step (1):
the water content of the steel rolling scraps is less than 0.5wt% after drying treatment; the steel rolling scraps are subjected to screening treatment, and the particle size is less than 5mm; and/or
The steel rolling chips comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 65-70% of Fe, 5-8% of FeO and 22-30% of Fe 2 O 3 。
Preferably, in the step (1):
the waste coke powder meets the following requirements: a. The d ＝10～11.5％，VM d 1.5 to 2 percent; and/or
The particle size of the waste coke powder is less than 1mm after crushing and screening.
Preferably, in the step (1), the steel rolling scraps account for 70 to 100wt% of the mixed material.
Preferably, in the step (2):
the addition amount of the binder is 6-8 wt% of the mixed material; and/or
The addition of the water is 4-5 wt% of the mixed material.
Preferably, in the step (2), the binder is glass water or terephthalic acid.
Preferably, in the step (2):
in the cold press molding process, the pressure is 8-10 t; and/or
The shape of the molding material is a cylinder or a pillow.
Preferably, in the step (3), in the high-temperature carbonization process, the molding material is heated to 800 ℃ from normal temperature and is kept warm for 1-2 h.
Preferably, in the step (3), the heating rate is 8-10 ℃/min in the high-temperature carbonization process.
Preferably, the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2000-2500N.
The preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge provided by the invention also has the following beneficial effects:
1. the preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is prepared by uniformly mixing the steel rolling scraps and the waste coke powder, adding the binder for cold press molding, and carbonizing, so that the waste steel rolling scraps and the waste coke powder are absorbed, the problem of coking coal resource shortage caused by the large use of coking coal resources is partially solved, the problem that the steel rolling scraps can only be used for sintering and powder metallurgy is solved, a new method is provided for the high-value utilization of the steel rolling scraps, and a new appropriate raw material is found for preparing the carbon-iron composite furnace charge.
2. Book (I)The preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge applies the prepared carbon-iron composite furnace charge to blast furnace production, can improve the reduction efficiency of a furnace body, improve the utilization rate of coal gas, promote the generation of CO reduction gas, partially improve the yield of molten iron, and reduce CO in the coking process and the iron-making process 2 The discharge is realized, so that the proportion of coke consumed by the blast furnace is reduced, the aim of reducing the production cost of blast furnace ironmaking is fulfilled, and the environment benefit and the economic benefit are good;
3. according to the preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge, the adhesive is added for use, so that the steel rolling scraps and the coke powder are fully adhered to form blocks, and the strength of the generated material is ensured;
4. the preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge fully utilizes iron and oxides thereof in steel rolling scraps, and effectively utilizes waste coke powder in the loading, unloading and transporting processes;
5. the preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge finds a new method for preparing the carbon-iron composite furnace charge, effectively utilizes iron elements and compounds thereof in steel rolling scraps, effectively utilizes waste coke powder, effectively reduces the cost of a blast furnace production process, and has good environmental benefit and economic benefit.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical scheme of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, the preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace burden provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Drying and screening the steel rolling scraps, crushing and screening the waste coke powder, and uniformly mixing the processed steel rolling scraps and the processed waste coke powder to obtain a mixed material;
the specific process is as follows: the steel rolling scraps from a production plant comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 65-70% of Fe, 5-8% of FeO, 22-30% 2 O 3 And unavoidable impurities; placing the steel rolling scraps into a drying box for ventilation drying treatment, wherein the dried steel rolling scraps require the moisture content (water content) to be less than 0.5wt%, for example, screening the steel slag scraps subsequently; and (3) screening the dried steel rolling scraps by using a circular hole screen, wherein the steel rolling scraps with the granularity less than 5mm are used as materials for standby, and the purpose of the operation is to remove oversize products with large particles, for example, the steel rolling scraps are matched for use, so that the quality of the carbon-iron composite furnace burden is ensured. The used waste coke powder is the coke powder in the loading, unloading and transporting process, wherein A in the waste coke powder d (ash content of coke powder) = 10-11.5%, VM d (volatile component of coke powder) = 1.5-2%, the waste coke powder is sieved by a round-hole sieve, the coke powder with the granularity of less than 1mm is used as a material for standby, the coke powder with the granularity of more than or equal to 1mm is added into a crusher for mechanical crushing, and the coke powder with the granularity of less than 1mm is used as a material after sieving. And uniformly mixing the treated steel rolling scraps and the treated waste coke powder to obtain a mixed material, wherein the steel rolling scraps account for 70-100 wt% of the mixed material.
(2) Adding a binder into the mixed material, fully stirring and uniformly mixing the mixed material with water, and performing cold press molding to obtain a molding material;
the specific process is as follows: adding a binder accounting for 6-8 wt% of the mixed material and water accounting for 4-5 wt% of the mixed material into the mixed material, fully stirring and uniformly mixing, then adding the mixed material into a mold, and carrying out cold press molding under the pressure of 8-10 t to prepare a molding material with a certain shape, such as a cylinder shape or a pillow shape; wherein the binder sites are either glass water or terephthalic acid.
(3) And (3) carrying out high-temperature carbonization treatment on the formed material, and cooling by adopting nitrogen to obtain the carbon-iron composite furnace charge.
The specific process is as follows: putting the molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 8-10 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and cooling the molding material in nitrogen after discharging to prepare carbon-iron composite furnace burden; and (4) detecting the quality of the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace charge, wherein the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2000-2500N.
The preparation method of the carbon-iron composite burden of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is prepared by consuming steel rolling scraps, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
drying the steel rolling scraps from a production plant, wherein the moisture content of the dried steel rolling scraps is less than 0.5wt%, and screening by using a round hole screen after drying, wherein the steel rolling scraps contain Fe (65%), feO (5%) and Fe 2 O 3 (30%) and using the steel rolling scraps with undersize grain size less than 5mm as materials for standby. The treated steel rolling scraps are taken as materials, added with binder glass water accounting for 6wt% of the materials and water accounting for 4wt% of the materials to be fully stirred and mixed, and the mixed materials are added into a die to be pressed into a cylindrical molding material under the pressure of 10 t. And (3) putting the processed molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1h, discharging the molding material, and cooling the molding material in nitrogen to obtain a finished product of the carbonization material. And (4) carrying out quality detection on the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace burden. The detection result is as follows: the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2510N.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the carbon-iron composite furnace burden is prepared by consuming steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
drying steel rolling scraps from a production plant, wherein the water content of the dried steel rolling scraps is less than 0.5wt%, and screening by using a round hole screen after drying, wherein the steel rolling scraps contain Fe (70%), feO (8%), and Fe 2 O 3 (22%) and the steel rolling scraps with undersize particle size less than 5mm are used as materials for standby. The waste coke powder (A) in the loading, unloading and transporting process d ＝10.5％,VM d = 1.5%) and sieving with a round-hole sieve, using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as raw material, adding coke powder with particle size greater than 1mm into a crusher for mechanical crushing, and using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as material after sieving. Mixing the processed steel rolling scraps with the waste coke powder according to the weight percentage, wherein the usage amount of the steel rolling scraps is 90wt percent of the mixed material, and the waste coke powderThe amount used is 10wt%. Adding 7wt% of binder terephthalic acid and 5wt% of water, stirring and mixing, adding the mixed materials into a mould, and pressing under 9t of pressure to obtain the pillow-shaped molding material. And (3) putting the processed molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 9 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 1.5h, discharging the material, and cooling the material in nitrogen to obtain a finished product of the carbonization material. And (4) carrying out quality detection on the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace burden. The detection result is as follows: the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2324N.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is prepared by consuming steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
drying the steel rolling scraps from a production plant, wherein the moisture content of the dried steel rolling scraps is less than 0.5wt%, and screening by using a round hole screen after drying, wherein the steel rolling scraps contain Fe (67%), feO (8%) and Fe 2 O 3 (25%) and using the steel rolling scraps with undersize particle size less than 5mm as materials for standby. The waste coke powder (A) in the loading, unloading and transporting process d ＝11.5％,VM d = 1.5%) and sieving with a round-hole sieve, using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as raw material, adding coke powder with particle size greater than 1mm into a crusher for mechanical crushing, and using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as material after sieving. Mixing the processed steel rolling scraps with waste coke powder according to the weight, wherein the usage amount of the steel rolling scraps is 80wt% of the mixed material, and the usage amount of the waste coke powder is 20wt%. Adding adhesive terephthalic acid accounting for 8wt% of the mixture and water accounting for 5wt% of the mixture, fully stirring and mixing, adding the mixed materials into a mold, and pressing under 10t of pressure to obtain the pillow-shaped molding material. And (3) putting the processed molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, discharging the molding material, and cooling the molding material in nitrogen to obtain a finished product of the carbonization material. And (4) carrying out quality detection on the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace burden. The detection result is as follows: the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2215N.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is prepared by consuming steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
drying the steel rolling scraps from a production plant, wherein the water content of the dried steel rolling scraps is less than 0.5wt%, and screening by using a round hole screen after drying, wherein the steel rolling scraps contain Fe (67%), feO (5%), and Fe 2 O 3 (28%) and the steel rolling scraps with undersize particle size less than 5mm are used as materials for standby. Waste coke powder (A) in the process of loading, unloading and transporting d ＝11％,VM d = 2%) and screening by using a round-hole sieve, using the coke powder with the granularity smaller than 1mm as a raw material, adding the coke powder with the granularity larger than 1mm into a crusher for mechanical crushing, and using the coke powder with the granularity smaller than 1mm as a material after screening. Mixing the treated steel rolling scraps and the waste coke powder according to the weight, wherein the usage amount of the steel rolling scraps is 70wt% of the mixed material, and the usage amount of the waste coke powder is 30wt%. Adding 8wt% of binder glass water and 5wt% of water into the mixture, fully stirring and mixing, adding the mixed material into a mould, and pressing under 10t of pressure to obtain the cylindrical molding material. And (3) putting the processed molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, discharging the molding material, and cooling the molding material in nitrogen to obtain a finished product of the carbonization material. And (4) carrying out quality detection on the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace burden. The detection result is as follows: the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2055N.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is prepared by consuming steel rolling scraps and waste coke powder, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
drying the steel rolling scraps from a production plant, wherein the water content of the dried steel rolling scraps is less than 0.5wt%, and screening by using a round hole screen after drying, wherein the steel rolling scraps contain Fe (67%), feO (5%), and Fe 2 O 3 (28%) and the steel rolling scraps with undersize particle size less than 5mm are used as materials for standby. Waste coke powder (A) in the process of loading, unloading and transporting d ＝10％,VM d = 1.5%) and sieving with a round-hole sieve, using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as raw material, adding coke powder with particle size greater than 1mm into a crusher for mechanical crushing, and using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as material after sieving. Mixing the processed steel rolling scraps with waste coke powder according to the weight ratio, wherein the usage amount of the steel rolling scraps is 70 of that of the mixed materialAnd the using amount of the waste coke powder is 30wt%. Adding binder glass water accounting for 8wt% of the mixture and water accounting for 5wt% of the mixture, fully stirring and mixing, adding the mixed materials into a mold, and pressing into a cylindrical molding material under the pressure of 8 t. And (3) putting the processed molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, discharging the molding material, and cooling the molding material in nitrogen to obtain a finished product of the carbonization material. And (4) carrying out quality detection on the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace burden. The detection result is as follows: the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 2105N.
Comparative example
The preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge by using the iron ore powder and the waste coke powder comprises the following steps:
drying iron ore powder from a production plant, wherein the moisture content of the dried iron ore powder is less than 0.5wt%, and screening by using a round hole screen after drying, wherein the main substances in the iron ore powder comprise CaO (0.4-0.5%), TFe (61-66%), mgO (0.4-0.5%), siO2 (4-5%), and the iron ore powder with the undersize particle size of less than 0.5mm is used as a material for later use. The waste coke powder (A) in the loading, unloading and transporting process d ＝10％,VM d = 1.5%) and sieving with a round-hole sieve, using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as raw material, adding coke powder with particle size greater than 1mm into a crusher for mechanical crushing, and using coke powder with particle size less than 1mm as material after sieving. Mixing the treated iron ore powder and the waste coke powder according to the weight, wherein the usage amount of the iron ore powder is 70wt% of the mixed material, and the usage amount of the waste coke powder is 30wt%. Adding binder glass water accounting for 8wt% of the mixture and water accounting for 5wt% of the mixture, fully stirring and mixing, adding the mixed materials into a mold, and pressing into a cylindrical molding material under the pressure of 8 t. And (3) putting the processed molding material into a carbonization furnace, heating the molding material from normal temperature to 800 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2 hours, discharging the molding material, and cooling the molding material in nitrogen to obtain a carbonized material finished product. And (4) carrying out quality detection on the cooled carbon-iron composite furnace burden. The detection result is as follows: the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is 1016N.
In the embodiments 1-5, the steel rolling scraps and the waste coke powder are mixed to prepare the carbon-iron composite furnace charge, because the used steel rolling scraps contain more than 65% of metal iron, and the part of iron is added into the blast furnace and then does not need to be reduced by using coke or carbon monoxide, the consumption of the coke in the blast furnace can be reduced, the coke ratio can be reduced, and the emission of carbon dioxide can be reduced; meanwhile, the part of iron does not consume carbon or carbon monoxide, so that the concentration of the carbon monoxide in the furnace body is increased, and the reduction efficiency is improved. Since the iron content of the steel rolling scrap was higher in the carbon-iron composite charges prepared in examples 1 to 5, as compared with the ore used in the comparative example, the yield of molten iron could be increased. In addition, the waste coke powder in the carbon-iron composite furnace charges prepared in the embodiments 1 to 5 is catalyzed by iron, so that the gasification reaction is easier to occur, the temperature of the heat storage area can be reduced, and the generation amount of carbon monoxide can be increased.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be used as a limitation of the present invention, and that the changes and modifications of the above embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims as long as they are within the true spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the carbon-iron composite furnace charge is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Drying and screening the steel rolling scraps, crushing and screening the waste coke powder, and uniformly mixing the processed steel rolling scraps and the processed waste coke powder to obtain a mixed material;
(2) Adding a binder into the mixed material, fully stirring and uniformly mixing the mixed material with water, and performing cold press molding to obtain a molding material;
(3) And (3) carrying out high-temperature carbonization treatment on the molding material, and cooling by adopting nitrogen to obtain the carbon-iron composite furnace charge.
2. The method for preparing a carbon-iron composite charge according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1):
the water content of the steel rolling chips after drying treatment is less than 0.5wt%; the steel rolling scraps are subjected to screening treatment, and the particle size is less than 5mm; and/or
The steel rolling chips comprise, by weight percent, such asThe following components: 65-70% of Fe, 5-8% of FeO and 22-30% of Fe 2 O 3 。
3. The method for preparing a carbon-iron composite charge according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (1):
the waste coke powder meets the following requirements: ad = 10-11.5%, VM d 1.5 to 2 percent; and/or
The particle size of the waste coke powder is less than 1mm after crushing and screening.
4. The method for preparing a carbon-iron composite burden according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the steel rolling scraps account for 70-100 wt% of the mixed material.
5. The method for preparing a carbon-iron composite charge according to claim 1, characterized in that in step (2):
the addition amount of the binder is 6-8 wt% of the mixed material; and/or
The addition of the water is 4-5 wt% of the mixed material.
6. The method for preparing a carbon-iron composite burden according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the binder is molten glass or terephthalic acid.
7. The method for preparing a carbon-iron composite charge according to claim 1, wherein in step (2):
in the cold press molding process, the pressure is 8-10 t; and/or
The shape of the molding material is a cylinder or a pillow.
8. The method for preparing the carbon-iron composite furnace burden according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the formed material is heated to 800 ℃ from normal temperature and is kept for 1-2 h in the high-temperature carbonization process.
9. The method for preparing the carbon-iron composite furnace charge according to claim 8, wherein in the step (3), the heating rate is 8-10 ℃/min during the high-temperature carbonization.
10. The method for preparing the carbon-iron composite burden according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the compressive strength of the carbon-iron composite burden is 2000 to 2500N.
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