CN115896302A - SNP molecular marker related to porcine reproductive traits and application thereof - Google Patents
SNP molecular marker related to porcine reproductive traits and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an SNP molecular marker related to porcine reproductive traits, wherein a gene fragment containing the SNP molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, and the gene fragment comprises 3 SNP loci related to the porcine reproductive traits: the G > A mutation at position 32, denoted by M, the A > G mutation at position 512, and the T > A mutation at position 1153, denoted by S, in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The obtained SNP molecular marker is applied to the fields of breeding pigs with the dominant reproductive traits, breeding pig strains with the dominant reproductive traits, genetic improvement of the breeding traits of the pigs and the like, so that the breeding period can be greatly shortened, the breeding efficiency is improved, and the genetic improvement process of the pigs is accelerated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of molecular markers and animal genetic breeding, in particular to an SNP molecular marker related to porcine reproductive traits and application thereof.
Background
As a big pig-raising country in China, the economic benefit of the pig-raising industry directly influences the stability of national food safety. Higher benefit is obtained for cost reduction and efficiency increase, and the improvement of the reproductive performance of the sows is particularly important. However, the genetic structure of the reproductive trait is complex, and conventional breeding progresses slowly due to the low heritability. Therefore, the molecular marker assisted breeding is particularly important for improving the reproductive traits of sows.
Follistatin, also known as FSH inhibitory protein, is a single-chain glycoprotein. It was originally thought that Follistatin ACTs only as a binding protein for Activin (ACT) and regulates the reproductive activity of animals via the Activin/Follistatin system. Recent experiments have shown that Follistatin, in a paracrine or autocrine manner, binds to many members of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-13) superfamily, such as Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs), myostatin (myostatin), and the like, and plays an important role in organs and tissues other than the reproductive system. However, the research on the expression and polymorphism of the FST gene in the pig is rare, and particularly, no report about the correlation analysis of the FST gene polymorphism and the pig reproduction traits is found.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an SNP molecular marker related to porcine reproductive traits and application thereof, so as to solve the problems.
According to one aspect of the invention, the SNP molecular marker related to the porcine reproductive traits is provided, the gene fragment containing the SNP molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO:1, and the gene fragment comprises 3 SNP loci related to the porcine reproductive traits: the G > A mutation at position 32, the A > G mutation at position 512, and the T > A mutation at position 1153, wherein the G > A mutation is represented by M, the A > G mutation is represented by R, and the T > A mutation is represented by S.
In certain embodiments, the 3 SNP molecular markers are completely linked inheritance.
In certain embodiments, the reproductive traits comprise one or more of the following traits in white sows in combination: paternal index, number of nipples, number of stillbirths, litter weight during childbirth, gestation period.
According to the second aspect of the invention, the application of the SNP molecular marker in breeding pigs with the dominant reproductive trait is provided, and when pigs with the dominant paternal index or papillary number trait are bred, pigs with the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd loci having the allele types of GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes are selected;
or when breeding individuals with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci having GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the characters of few dead fetuses, selecting pigs of which the allelic genotypes at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites are GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the characters of short gestation period, selecting pigs with AG/GA/AT genotypes as alleles AT sites 32, 512 and 1153.
In some embodiments, the method for breeding the pig with the dominant reproductive trait comprises the following steps:
1) Detecting SNP molecular markers at 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites in a sequence shown as SEQ ID NO. 1 of the piglets;
2) Selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci allele types detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes when breeding pigs with the dominant paternal index or papillary number characters;
or when breeding the individual with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting and reserving the pig with the allele types of the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd loci detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding the individual with the character of few stillbirth, selecting the pig with GG/AA/TT genotype at the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy character, selecting and reserving pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd locus allele types detected in the step 1) as AG/GA/AT genotypes;
3) Breeding the pigs selected and remained in the step 2) to obtain the pigs with the dominant reproductive traits.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the application of the SNP molecular marker in breeding the breeding pig strain with the superior breeding character is provided, the gene fragment containing the SNP molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO:1, and the gene fragment comprises 3 SNP loci related to the breeding character of the pig: the G > A mutation at position 32, the A > G mutation at position 512, and the T > A mutation at position 1153, wherein the G > A mutation is represented by M, the A > G mutation is represented by R, and the T > A mutation is represented by S.
In some embodiments, the method for the application of breeding the breeding pig line with the superior reproductive trait comprises the following steps:
1) Detecting the molecular markers of the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 of the alternative breeding pigs to be reserved;
2) When breeding pigs with dominant paternal index or papillary number characters, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd site allele types detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes;
or when breeding the individual with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting and reserving the pig with the allele types of the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd loci detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding the individual with the trait of few stillbirths, selecting the pig with the allele type of GG/AA/TT at the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd sites;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy traits, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd site allele types detected in the step 1) as AG/GA/AT genotypes;
3) Breeding the selected pigs in the step 2) as breeding pigs to breed the breeding pigs with the superior breeding character.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the application of the SNP molecular marker in the genetic improvement of the porcine reproductive traits is provided, the gene fragment containing the SNP molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, and the gene fragment comprises 3 SNP loci related to the porcine reproductive traits: the G > A mutation at position 32, the A > G mutation at position 512, and the T > A mutation at position 1153, wherein the G > A mutation is represented by M, the A > G mutation is represented by R, and the T > A mutation is represented by S.
In certain embodiments, a method for use in genetic improvement of a reproductive trait comprises:
1) Detecting the molecular markers of the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1 of the alternative breeding pigs to be reserved;
2) When breeding pigs with dominant paternal index or papillary number characters, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd site allele types detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting and reserving pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci detected in the step 1) and GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the characters of few dead fetuses, selecting pigs of which the allelic genotypes at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites are GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy traits, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd site allele types detected in the step 1) as AG/GA/AT genotypes;
3) Taking the individual pigs selected in the step 2) as breeding pigs for mating, continuously selecting the pigs with the corresponding advantageous character genotypes as claimed in claim 4 from the offspring, and eliminating other genotype pigs to increase the frequency of the corresponding advantageous allele types generation by generation, thereby improving and increasing the reproductive character of the offspring pigs.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. 3 SNP loci related to the porcine reproductive traits on the FST gene are obtained, and an application foundation is laid for subsequent gene chip research and genetic breeding.
2. The obtained 3 SNP loci are applied to breeding sows with the dominant reproductive traits, and the sows with the dominant reproductive traits can be bred by detecting the base mutation conditions of the corresponding SNP loci in a piglet period, so that the breeding efficiency can be greatly improved, and the production cost is saved.
3. The obtained 3 SNP loci are applied to breeding of the breeding pig line with the superior breeding character, so that the breeding period can be greatly shortened, and the breeding pig line with the corresponding superior breeding character can be efficiently obtained.
4. The obtained 3 SNP loci are applied to the genetic improvement of the breeding traits, the breeding traits of pig breeds, particularly white pig breeds, can be improved, and the competitiveness of sows is improved.
5. The 3 SNP molecular markers at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites are complete linkage inheritance, and can be researched as a whole when a gene chip is researched and subsequent genetic breeding is researched, so that the time is saved, and the efficiency is accelerated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a peak diagram of SNPs of FST gene;
FIG. 2 shows the gene linkage genetic analysis of SNPs of the FST gene;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing prediction of the secondary structure of FST gene mRNA.
Detailed Description
1. Test materials
The test pigs are all sourced from Xinjiang five Quzhuangtiankang animal breeding pig farms (316 big white sows), the feeding and management conditions are consistent, and the pigs are healthy and disease-free. Collecting an ear tissue sample, putting into a 1.5ml centrifuge tube containing 75% ethanol, and taking back to a laboratory in an ice box at-20 ℃ for storage for subsequent extraction of sample tissue DNA. And the related reproduction character data is arranged for standby.
2. DNA extraction
A small amount of the pig ear tissue sample is cut into pieces in a sterile 1.5ml centrifuge tube, and DNA extraction is carried out according to the instruction of a blood, cell and tissue DNA extraction kit of Beijing Tiangen biochemistry Co. DNA concentration was determined using Nano 2000, samples with 260/280 values between 1.7 and 2.0 and concentrations greater than 50 ng/. Mu.L were screened and stored in a-20 ℃ freezer for later use.
3. Primer design
According to the full-length sequence of the pig FST (Ensembl number: ENSSSCG 00000016892) gene provided by the Ensembl database, primerPrimier 5.0 is adopted to carry out PCR amplification primer design, the primers are synthesized by Shanghai, and the primer sequences are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 primer sequences
4. Mixed pool sequencing
Randomly selecting 40 DNA samples qualified by detection, and taking 10 mu l of each sample to construct a DNA mixed pool for PCR amplification. PCR reaction procedure: pre-denaturation at 94 ℃ for 10min; denaturation at 94 ℃ for 30s, annealing for 30s, and extension at 72 ℃ for 60s, for 35 cycles; final extension at 72 deg.C for 10min; storing at 4 ℃. After the size of a target band is detected by electrophoresis, the target band is sent to the Shanghai organism for sequencing, the sequencing result is analyzed by chromas 2.6.5 software (a peak image is shown as figure 1), a forward and reverse sequencing sequence and a sequence obtained by Ensembl are compared by DNAMAN 6.0 software, and SNPs sites of the gene are detected.
5. Polymorphic site typing
Entrusted Shijiazhuang Boridi to the screened polymorphic sites
The targeted sequencing genotyping technology based on multiplex PCR genotypes the candidate SNPs.
6. Data acquisition
The number of born nipples, day-old 100kg body weight and backfat thickness of 100kg were recorded in the test swine group, and correction data for the above phenotypes were calculated with reference to the protocol for measuring production performance of swine (NY/T822-2004). And (3) establishing an optimal linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for evaluation by the EBV of each index based on the phenotype and pedigree information of each character in a pig farm, and calculating the paternal index of the tested sow according to the following calculation formula by using the EBV of 100kg weight day age and 100kg backfat thickness. And counting the characters of the offspring 1-6, such as the number of dead fetus, the birth weight, the gestation period and the like.
The parentage index TLI =100-4.8xBVBF-2.0xBVDAYS. Wherein BVBF is a 100Kg backfat thickness corrected breeding value, and VDAYS is a 100Kg weight day age corrected breeding value.
7. Data statistics and analysis
Data were collated and the results of each typing were counted using Excel 2016, and genotype frequencies, gene frequencies, genetic homozygosity (Ho), genetic heterozygosity (He), effective allele (Ne), polymorphic Information Content (PIC), har-Weinberg test were analyzed at each locus by methods described in the literature (Hou Haobin, li Haijing, yang Li, etc.; correlation analysis of zonal polymorphisms with growth traits [ J ]. Animal veterinary bulletin, 2019,50 (02): 302-313.), and mRNA secondary structures before and after mutations in the exon regions were predicted using online software rnfoald web server and linkage disequilibrium analysis of FST gene SNPs using Haploview 4.2 software.
The SNP sites of the FST gene and the lifetime reproduction traits of the tested swinery comprise: correlation analysis of stillbirth, litter weight and gestation a General linear model (General linear model) of SPSS 26.0 was used, as follows:
y ijk ＝μ+G i +P j +e ijk
in the formula y ijk Is a trait observation, μ is the overall mean, G i For genotype effects, P j For fetal secondary effect, e ijk For random errors, assume e ijk Independent of each other, obey N (0, sigma) 2 ) And (4) distribution.
SPSS 26.0 One-way ANOVA is used for carrying out association typing on the SNPs of the FST gene and the paternal index and the number of born nipples of the tested sow group, the characters corresponding to different genotypes are expressed in a form of 'mean value plus or minus standard deviation', and the difference significance is judged by P < 0.05. 9. Site information of FST effective SNPs
Through the test method and analysis, 3 SNPs sites in the table 2 are obtained, wherein g.32808636 has single base mutation with G being more than A; 32809116 has single base mutation of A > G without changing encoded Glu; 32809757 underwent single base mutation with T > A; named P1, P2 and P3, respectively. The nucleotide sequence of the 3 SNP loci is shown as SEQ ID NO: 1: TGGTGGGTTCCCCCTAACTGCCTCCAGCCCCM [ A/G ] GTAAGCCATTGGCGTTGAATTTTGGCAGTCGTATACCACAGGCAAAACAAGATCTGCAGAGGTTCGCTGACCTCTTAGCCAAATGCGGTGGTGACACCAGCCAGCCCTCTCACTTTGAGAGAGATTTGGGTATGGGAACACAAATCTGTCCCCCACCCCTCCTCAATTTCTGGGCGAGAGCCTAGACCCCTCAGGCTTGAACTCCCGGCTGCGCGATTGCGCAAGGCACCCGAAGCCCTCCTGGCTGACCTGTTTGGTGCCTGGCCCTGGTTTTAATCCCCTGCCTCTTTCCAACTCTTAGAAACGTGCGAGAACGTGGACTGTGGGCCCGGGAAAAAATGCCGAATGAACAAGAAGAACAAACCCCGCTGCGTCTGCGCCCCGGATTGTTCTAACATCACCTGGAAAGGCCCAGTCTGTGGGCTGGATGGGAAAACCTACCGCAACGAATGTGCTCTCCTCAAGGCCAGATGTAAAGAR [ G/A ] CAGCCGGAACTGGAAGTCCAGTACCAAGGCAAATGTAAAAGTAGGTCACCCCTCCTCCAGCTTTCAACCTGAGGTAGTCCCGCAGCAAGACCCCTGGGGTTTGGTGTAGTCACAGTAAGAGCCTAATGATATCAAATAAAGGAACCCTTTTCTAATGACTCCTTAAGAACGCTGAAGGCAACCCAGAGGCACAGGGTTTTTTTTTTTTTGAAAACCACAGCGTTCCCAAAATAAATTTTTGAAAGCTGGATGCTTCCATTCATGATTTCCTTGATAGTATCAAATGCTGAGTCCCAAAGTACAGGAAGGTGCCTATTAACGTGTGTTTCTCTCTTTGTTTCAGAGACCTGTCGGGATGTTTTCTGTCCAGGCAGCTCCACATGTGTGGTGGACCAGACTAATAATGCCTACTGTGTGACATGTAACCGCATTTGCCCAGAGCCCACCTCCTCAGAACAGTATCTCTGTGGGAATGATGGAGTGACCTACTCCAGTGCCTGTCACCTGAGAAAGGCTACCTGCCTACTGGGCAGATCTATTGGATTGGCCTATGAGGGAAAGTGTATCAGTAGGTATTCTGGATTGAGAAAGGAAAAGAAATAAATGGGAAAAGGGAAAAAGGCTAATTCTGTCATTAAAAS [ A/T ] AAGCCTAAAGCCTCCCCAAACACATAGCTTCAGCAAAGGGAGAAATATTCTCCAGTTTGGGTAAACTGTCCTGCTCACAGCACTGTCTTCCAGAAGCATCAGCACATATATTGAAATGGCAGCAAGACACAGGAAACAATTTTCCTTCATAGAAACCCAAGACCTCACTCACTTTTACACATCTTTTAAAGTGCTAGACTTGCTGGAAGCAAGAAATAATTACTTAACAGTTCCTAAAATCTGTTCTCAGATTCTGATAACTAATGGAACTTTTTTTTTTTAAGATCCCACTTATGGGAAATAAATAAATATGTATATTTAACTCACAGATATTGTGAAATCCTGTTCCCCCAAAAAAACTACAGTATTTTCATGCACTAATTATAGTATGAAGGGTGTGTGTGTGTGTGTTGAGTTTCACCGGTTTTTTAAAAGAACATTTTTGCACCATATCTCCATTAAC
Wherein, the G > A mutation at the 32 th site (P1) represented by M, the A > G mutation at the 512 th site (P2) represented by R, and the T > A mutation at the 1153 th site (P3) represented by S.
TABLE 2 SNPs site information of FST Gene
10. Polymorphic information content, heterozygosity, effective allele factor and chi-square test of FST gene
By typing the 3 SNPs, 3 genotypes of 3 candidate loci are detected in the large white sow group (as shown in Table 3), 2 of 316 samples fail to be typed, and the success rate is more than 99.36%. Wherein P1 is represented by GG > AG > AA in the white pig group, and G is a dominant gene; p2 is expressed as AA > GA > GG in the big white pig group, and A is a dominant gene; p3 shows that TT is more than AT and more than AA in the white pig herd, and T is a dominant gene. Chi-square result test shows that 3 SNPs in the large white pig group accord with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law, and polymorphism analysis shows that: p1, P2 and P3 are in low-grade polymorphism in large white pig herds.
TABLE 3 polymorphic information content, heterozygosity, effective allele fraction and chi-square test of the FST gene
Note: df =2, p =0.05 χ 2 ＝5.99；P＝0.01，χ 2 =9.21; df =1, p =0.05 χ 2 ＝3.84，P＝0.01，χ 2 =6.63; PIC is less than 0.25 and is low-degree polymorphic; medium polymorphism is PIC more than or equal to 0.25 and less than 0.5; PIC is highly polymorphic at 0.5 or more.
11. FST gene linkage disequilibrium analysis
And (4) performing linkage disequilibrium analysis by utilizing Haploview 4.2 software according to the SNPs information of the FST gene. As shown in FIG. 2, the three sites of FST genes P1, P2 and P3 are completely linked in the large white sow group (D' =1,R) 2 = 1) (fig. 2).
12. Prediction of mRNA secondary structure after FST gene exon mutation
As shown in FIG. 3, after P2-synonymous mutation in CDS region of FST gene, the secondary structure of mRNA of FST gene was not changed (FIG. 3), but free energies of wild type and mutant type were changed, wherein the minimum free energy of wild type was-1752.37 kcal/mol, the minimum free energy of mutant type was-1763.62 kcal/mol, and the free energy of mRNA of wild type was higher than that of mutant type.
13. Influence of FST gene polymorphic site on paternal index and number of born nipples of tested sows
The P1/P2/P3 sites were significantly lower in the paternal index and number of born papillae for individuals of type AA/GG/AA than for individuals of type GG/AA/TT and for individuals of type AG/GA/AT (P < 0.05) (Table 4).
TABLE 4 Association analysis of FST gene polymorphic sites and sow reproduction traits
Note: in the same column of data, different lower case letters are marked on the same site in shoulder marks to indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and different upper case letters indicate that the difference is very significant (P < 0.01).
14. Influence of polymorphic character of FST gene on the lifetime reproductive performance of sow to be tested
The P1/P2/P3 locus had significantly higher GG/AA/TT type individuals than AA/GG/AA type individuals (P < 0.05) in litter size, significantly fewer GG/AA/TT type individuals than AA/GG/AA type individuals (P < 0.05) in number of stillbirth, and significantly longer AA/GG/AA type individuals than AG/GA/AT type individuals (P < 0.01) and significantly longer GG/AA/TT type individuals (P < 0.05) in gestation (Table 5).
TABLE 5 Effect of FST Gene polymorphism on the lifelong reproductive Performance of the sows tested
Note: in the same column of data, different lower case letters are marked on the same site in shoulder marks to indicate that the difference is significant (P < 0.05), and different upper case letters indicate that the difference is very significant (P < 0.01).
15. The application of the FST gene polymorphic character molecular marker in breeding pigs with dominant reproductive characters detects SNP molecular markers of P1/P2/P3 sites on FST genes of piglets;
when pigs with dominant paternal index or birth papillary number characters need to be bred, selecting pigs with the allele type of GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotype left AT P1/P2/P3 sites;
or when the individual with the dominant litter weight trait needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the GG/AA/TT genotype as the allele type of the P1/P2/P3 locus;
or when breeding the individual with the trait of few stillbirth, selecting the pig with the allele type of GG/AA/TT genotype at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites;
or when the individual with the short gestational period character needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the AG/GA/AT genotype as the allele type of the P1/P2/P3 locus;
breeding the selected pigs with corresponding advantageous traits to obtain the pigs with corresponding advantageous breeding traits.
16. Application of FST gene polymorphic character molecular marker in breeding of breeding strain with dominant reproductive character
Detecting SNP molecular markers of P1/P2/P3 loci on the FST gene of the alternative breeding pigs to be reserved;
when pigs with superior paternal index or birth papillary number characters need to be bred, selecting pigs with GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes as allele types of P1/P2/P3 loci;
or when the individual with the nest weight character of the dominant piglet needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the GG/AA/TT genotype as the allele type of the P1/P2/P3 locus;
or when the individual with the trait of few stillborn fetus needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the GG/AA/TT genotype as the allele types at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites;
or when the individual with the short gestational period character needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the AG/GA/AT genotype as the allele type of the P1/P2/P3 locus;
and (3) breeding the selected pigs with corresponding advantageous characters as breeding pigs, and breeding to breed the breeding pig strains with advantageous breeding characters.
17. Application of FST gene polymorphic character molecular marker in propagation character genetic improvement
Detecting SNP molecular markers of P1/P2/P3 sites on the FST gene of the alternative breeding pigs to be reserved;
when pigs with superior paternal index or birth papillary number characters need to be bred, selecting pigs with GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes as allele types of P1/P2/P3 loci;
or when the individual with the nest weight character of the dominant piglet needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the GG/AA/TT genotype as the allele type of the P1/P2/P3 locus;
or when the breeding of the individual with the trait of few stillbirth is needed, selecting the pig with the allele type of GG/AA/TT at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 th sites;
or when the individual with the short gestational period character needs to be bred, selecting the pig with the AG/GA/AT genotype as the allele type of the P1/P2/P3 locus;
the selected pigs with the corresponding advantageous traits are bred as breeding pigs, the offspring continuously select the pigs with the corresponding advantageous traits genotypes as claimed in claim 4, and other genotype pigs are eliminated, so that the frequency of the corresponding advantageous allelic genotypes is increased generation by generation, and the breeding traits of the offspring pigs are improved.
What has been described above are merely some embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The SNP molecular marker related to the porcine reproductive traits, wherein a gene fragment containing the SNP molecular marker is shown as SEQ ID NO. 1, and the gene fragment comprises 3 SNP loci related to the porcine reproductive traits: the G > A mutation at position 32, denoted by M, the A > G mutation at position 512, and the T > A mutation at position 1153, denoted by S, in the sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.
2. The SNP molecular marker according to claim 1, wherein said 3 SNP molecular markers are completely linked inheritance.
3. The SNP molecular marker according to claim 1, wherein the reproductive traits comprise one or more of the following traits in white sows in combination: paternal index, number of nipples, number of stillbirths, litter weight during childbirth, gestation period.
4. The use of the SNP molecular marker of claim 3 for breeding pigs with the dominant reproductive trait, wherein when breeding pigs with the dominant paternal index or papillary number trait, pigs with the GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes AT the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci are selected;
or when the individual with the dominant litter weight trait is bred, selecting the pig with the GG/AA/TT genotype as the allele types at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 th sites;
or when breeding individuals with the characters of few dead fetuses, selecting pigs of which the allelic genotypes at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites are GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy trait, selecting pigs with AG/GA/AT genotypes AT the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd loci.
5. The application of claim 4, wherein the method of applying comprises:
1) Detecting the SNP molecular marker as set forth in claim 1 on piglets;
2) When breeding pigs with dominant paternal index or birth papillary number characters, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci allele types detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes;
or when breeding the individual with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting and reserving the pig with the allele types of the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd loci detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the characters of few dead fetuses, selecting pigs of which the allelic genotypes at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites are GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy traits, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd site allele types detected in the step 1) as AG/GA/AT genotypes;
3) Breeding the pigs selected and remained in the step 2) to obtain the pigs with the superior reproductive traits.
6. Use of the SNP molecular marker of any one of claims 1 to 3 for breeding of a strain of breeding pigs with a superior reproductive trait.
7. The application of claim 6, wherein the method of applying comprises:
1) Detecting the molecular marker as defined in claim 1 for an alternative breeding pig to be reserved;
2) Selecting pigs with the characteristics of superior paternal index or number of born papillaries, and selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci allele types of GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes, which are detected in the step 1);
or when breeding individuals with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting and reserving pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci detected in the step 1) and GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding the individual with the character of few stillbirth, selecting the pig with GG/AA/TT genotype at the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy traits, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd site allele types detected in the step 1) as AG/GA/AT genotypes;
3) Breeding the selected pigs in the step 2) as breeding pigs to breed the breeding pigs with the superior breeding character.
8. Use of the SNP molecular marker according to any one of claims 1 to 3 for genetic improvement of a reproductive trait in a pig.
9. The application of claim 8, wherein the method of applying comprises:
1) Detecting the molecular marker as defined in claim 1 for an alternative breeding pig to be reserved;
2) When breeding pigs with dominant paternal index or birth papillary number characters, selecting pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci allele types detected in the step 1) as GG/AA/TT or AG/GA/AT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the dominant litter weight trait, selecting and reserving pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd loci detected in the step 1) and GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the characters of few dead fetuses, selecting pigs of which the allelic genotypes at the 32 th, 512 th and 1153 rd sites are GG/AA/TT genotypes;
or when breeding individuals with the short pregnancy character, selecting and reserving pigs with the 32 nd, 512 th and 1153 rd locus allele types detected in the step 1) as AG/GA/AT genotypes;
3) Taking the individual pigs selected in the step 2) as breeding pigs for mating, continuously selecting the pigs with the corresponding advantageous character genotypes as claimed in claim 4 from the offspring, and eliminating other genotype pigs to increase the frequency of the corresponding advantageous allele types generation by generation, thereby improving and increasing the reproductive character of the offspring pigs.
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