CN115889971A

CN115889971A - Laser processing apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN115889971A
Application number: CN202110952130.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 沈昌荣; 王文华; 刘振; 邹卫华; 张幼添; 殷俊; 张远修; 董军华; 樊飞; 刘�文; 迟昆荣; 辛丽娇
Original assignee: Makeblock Co Ltd
Current assignee: Makeblock Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-08-18
Filing date: 2021-08-18
Publication date: 2023-04-04
Also published as: WO2023020576A1

Abstract

The invention provides laser processing equipment which comprises a shell, a guide optical axis and a processing device, wherein the guide optical axis is arranged on the shell, the guide optical axis extends along a first direction, the processing device comprises a laser shell and a laser, the laser is connected with the laser shell, the laser shell is connected with the guide optical axis in a sliding mode, the laser moves along the first direction or a second direction relative to the shell along with the laser shell, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction. Above-mentioned laser processing equipment has led through the motion of direction optical axis for the relative casing of laser instrument shell to for the motion of the relative casing of the laser instrument of connecting in the laser instrument shell leads, has improved smooth and easy degree and the precision of the relative casing motion of laser instrument, has improved the laser instrument and has removed to suitable distance and to the motion precision of work piece man-hour towards the work piece, has improved laser processing equipment's machining precision.

Description

Laser processing apparatus

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of engraving and cutting, in particular to laser processing equipment.

Background

The laser processing machine uses laser as processing medium to achieve the purpose of processing. The laser processing machine is not in direct contact with the workpiece, so that the laser processing machine is not influenced by mechanical movement, and the surface of the workpiece is not easy to deform. When a laser of an existing laser processing machine processes a workpiece, the laser needs to move to a proper distance towards the surface of the workpiece, and then the workpiece is processed. However, the conventional laser has poor motion accuracy when moving toward the surface of the workpiece, and thus the processing accuracy is affected.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the foregoing problems, the present invention provides a laser processing apparatus capable of improving processing accuracy.

The present invention provides a laser processing apparatus, comprising:

a housing;

the guide optical axis is arranged on the shell and extends along a first direction; and

the processing device comprises a laser shell and a laser, the laser is connected with the laser shell, the laser shell is connected with the guide optical axis in a sliding mode, the laser moves along the first direction or the second direction relative to the shell along with the laser shell, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

Above-mentioned laser processing equipment has led through the motion of direction optical axis for the relative casing of laser instrument shell to the motion of the relative casing of laser instrument for connecting in the laser instrument shell is led, has improved smooth and easy degree and the precision of the relative casing motion of laser instrument, has improved the motion precision when the laser instrument removes suitable distance towards the work piece, has improved laser processing equipment's machining precision.

Optionally, the housing is provided with a connecting portion corresponding to the guide optical axis, the connecting portion is provided with a connecting hole, and an end portion of the guide optical axis is inserted into the connecting hole.

Optionally, the laser processing apparatus further includes a driving assembly, where the driving assembly includes a driving member disposed in the housing, and the driving member is configured to drive the laser housing to move along the guide optical axis.

Optionally, the laser housing includes a guide portion corresponding to the guide optical axis, the guide portion is provided with a guide hole penetrating through two opposite end surfaces of the guide portion along the first direction, and the guide optical axis movably penetrates through the corresponding guide hole.

Optionally, the peripheral wall of the guide portion is provided with a rack extending along the first direction, the driving assembly further includes a gear connected to the driving member and engaged with the rack, and the driving member drives the gear to rotate so that the rack moves along the first direction or the second direction relative to the guide optical axis.

Optionally, the laser processing apparatus further includes a driving control assembly, the driving control assembly includes a first control board electrically connected to the driving member, and the first control board is configured to transmit a first control signal to the driving member to control the driving member to drive the laser housing to move along the first direction or move along the second direction relative to the housing.

Optionally, the drive control assembly further comprises a reset sensor arranged on the first control board, the reset sensor is electrically connected with the first control board, the first control board is connected to the shell, the laser shell is provided with a reset piece, and the laser shell moves along the second direction until the reset piece is matched with the reset sensor to output a reset signal.

Optionally, the laser processing apparatus further includes a second control board electrically connected to the laser, the second control board being connected to the housing, the second control board being configured to transmit a second control signal to the laser to control the power of the laser emitted by the laser.

Optionally, the laser housing is provided with a first accommodating cavity penetrating through two opposite end faces of the laser housing along a first direction, the laser is accommodated in the first accommodating cavity, the laser is provided with an emission outlet along the first direction, and laser of the laser is emitted from the emission outlet.

Optionally, the processing apparatus further includes a heat sink, the heat sink includes a plurality of heat-conducting fins disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the laser, and each heat-conducting fin extends along the first direction; the laser processing equipment also comprises a fan accommodated in the shell, and the fan corresponds to the heat radiator.

According to the laser processing equipment provided by the invention, the movement of the laser shell relative to the shell is guided through the guide optical axis, so that the movement of the laser connected with the laser shell relative to the shell is guided, the smoothness and the accuracy of the movement of the laser relative to the shell are improved, the movement accuracy of the laser moving to a proper distance towards a workpiece to process the workpiece is improved, and the processing accuracy of the laser processing equipment is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a laser processing apparatus according to a first angle in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial sectional view taken along line II-II of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the laser processing apparatus of fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the driving assembly of fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the processing apparatus of fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is an exploded perspective view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the housing of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a second angle of the housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the housing of fig. 8 assembled with the processing device, the guiding optical axis and the driving assembly.

Fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view of the housing of fig. 8 assembled with the processing device, the guiding optical axis, the driving assembly and the second control plate.

Fig. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a third angle of a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the processing device of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a top view of the processing device of fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a fourth angle of the cutter mechanism according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 14.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3 and 5 to 7 together, one embodiment of the present invention provides a laser processing apparatus 100, including:

a housing 10;

a guide optical axis 20, the guide optical axis 20 being provided in the housing 10, the guide optical axis 20 extending in a first direction; and

the processing device 30, the processing device 30 includes laser shell 31 and laser 32, and laser 32 connects laser shell 31, and laser shell 31 sliding connection is in guide optical axis 20, and laser 32 moves along with laser shell 31 relative to casing 10 along first direction or second direction, and the first direction is opposite with the second direction.

Above-mentioned laser processing equipment 100 has led for the motion of the relative casing 10 of laser instrument shell 31 through direction optical axis 20 to for the motion of the relative casing 10 of the laser instrument 32 of connecting in laser instrument shell 31 has led, improved smooth and easy degree and the precision of the relative casing 10 motion of laser instrument 32, improved the motion precision that laser instrument 32 moved to suitable distance and add man-hour to the work piece towards the work piece, improved the machining precision of laser processing equipment.

In the invention, the laser 32 can press against the workpiece as the laser shell 31 moves close to the shell 10 along the first direction, and when the laser 32 moves along the first direction relative to the shell and has a proper distance with the surface of the workpiece along the first direction, the laser 32 can emit laser to process the workpiece; the laser 32 moves away from the workpiece as the laser housing 31 moves in a second direction relative to the housing 10. All the following are described based on this. It should be noted that the "first" and "second" are only for convenience of description and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the present invention, the laser processing apparatus 100 processes the workpiece means that a user performs operations such as cutting, carving, indentation and the like on the workpiece through the laser processing apparatus 100, so that the processed workpiece meets the requirements of the user.

In the present embodiment, the number of the guide optical axes 20 is 2, the axes of the two guide optical axes 20 are both parallel to the first direction, and the two guide optical axes 20 are not overlapped, and when the laser housing 31 moves relative to the housing 10, the laser housing 31 moves synchronously on the two guide optical axes 20. It is understood that in other embodiments, the number of the guiding optical axes 20 may be 1, 3, or 4, or other positive integer with at least 1.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, 5, 8 and 9, the housing 10 has a connecting portion 11 corresponding to the guiding optical axis 20, the connecting portion 11 has a connecting hole 111, and an end of the guiding optical axis 20 is inserted into the connecting hole 111. Thus, the guide optical axis 20 is fixedly connected to the housing 10 through the connection hole 111 of the connection portion 11, and the laser housing 31 slides on the guide optical axis 20 in the first direction or the second direction, which corresponds to the laser housing 31 moving in the first direction or the second direction relative to the housing 10. In addition, the connecting portion 11 plays a role in limiting, that is, when the laser housing 31 slides to a certain distance along the second direction on the guide optical axis 20, the laser housing 31 will press against and/or contact the connecting portion 11. At this time, the laser housing 31 cannot continue to slide in the second direction on the guide optical axis 20.

In the present embodiment, the number of the connecting portions 11 is 2, two connecting portions 11 correspond to two guide optical axes 20 one by one, each connecting portion 11 is provided with one connecting hole 111, and the end portions of the two guide optical axes 20 are respectively inserted into the connecting holes 111 of the corresponding connecting portion 11.

In other embodiments, the number of the connecting portions 11 may also be 1, and a solution that the connecting portions 11 are provided with connecting holes 111 corresponding to the two guide optical axes 20 one by one, and the end portions of the two guide optical axes 20 are respectively inserted into the corresponding connecting holes 111 is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, the connection holes 111 penetrate through opposite end surfaces of the connection part 11 in the first direction. In other embodiments, the connection hole 111 may only penetrate through the end surface of the connection portion 11 facing the laser housing 31.

In the present embodiment, the connecting portion 11 is provided inside the housing 10, and the laser housing 31 can penetrate into the housing 10 along the guide optical axis 20 inserted in the connecting portion 11. In this way, the laser housing 31 can be housed in the housing 10, reducing the overall size and space efficiency of the laser machining apparatus 100. Of course, the connecting portion 11 may be disposed outside the housing 10, i.e., the laser housing 31 may not be accommodated in the housing 10.

In the present embodiment, when the laser housing 31 moves in the first direction or the second direction within the housing 10 along the guide optical axis 20, there is a gap between the laser housing 31 and the inner wall of the housing 10. Thus, when the laser housing 31 moves along the guiding optical axis 20 in the housing 10 along the first direction or the second direction, the frictional resistance between the laser housing 31 and the housing 10 can be reduced to the greatest extent, so that the laser housing 31 drives the laser 32 to move smoothly and the control precision is high.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, 5 and 9, the laser housing 31 includes a guide portion 311 corresponding to the guide optical axis 20, the guide portion 311 is provided with a guide hole 3111 penetrating through two opposite end surfaces thereof along a first direction, and the guide optical axis 20 is movably disposed in the corresponding guide hole 3111. Thus, the laser housing 31 can be moved along the guide optical axis 20 through the guide hole 3111. In this embodiment, the number of the guide portions 311 is 2, two guide portions 311 correspond to two guide optical axes 20 one by one, each guide portion 311 is provided with one guide hole 3111, and the two guide optical axes 20 are movably inserted into the guide holes 3111 of the corresponding guide portions 311 respectively. In other embodiments, the number of the guide portions 311 may also be 1, two guide holes 3111 corresponding to the two guide optical axes 20 are disposed on the guide portions 311, and the two guide optical axes 20 are movably disposed in the corresponding guide holes 3111, which is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

In one embodiment, the laser housing 31 has a sleeve 40 fixed in the guide hole 3111, and the guide optical axis 20 is movably inserted into the sleeve 40 in the corresponding guide hole 3111. The presence of the sleeve 40 improves the smoothness and accuracy of the sliding of the guide optical axis 20 in the guide hole 3111, and further improves the smoothness and accuracy of the movement of the laser 32 relative to the housing 10. Moreover, compare the direct activity of guide optical axis 20 and wear to locate in corresponding guiding hole 3111, the scheme that does not have other parts between guide optical axis 20 and the guiding hole 3111 adopts the direct installation of high accuracy sleeve 40 to set firmly in guiding hole 3111, has effectively reduced the machining precision requirement to guiding hole 3111, promptly when reducing the processing degree of difficulty and cost, also can reach more excellent smooth and easy degree and accuracy. In this embodiment, the sleeve 40 is a copper sleeve, and in other embodiments, the sleeve 40 may be made of other metals or other materials.

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 to fig. 5, and fig. 8 to fig. 10, the laser processing apparatus 100 further includes a driving assembly 50, the driving assembly 50 includes a driving member 51 disposed in the housing 10, and the driving member 51 is used for driving the laser housing 31 to move along the guiding optical axis 20. Thus, the laser housing 31 is movable in the first direction or the second direction with respect to the housing 10 by the driving member 51.

Specifically, the outer peripheral wall of the guide portion 311 is provided with a rack 3112 extending in the first direction, the driving assembly 50 further includes a gear 52 connected to the driving member 51 and engaged with the rack 3112, and the driving member 51 drives the gear 52 to rotate so that the rack 3112 moves in the first direction or the second direction relative to the guide optical axis 20. Thus, the driving member 51 is engaged with the rack 3112 through the gear 52 to drive the laser housing 31 to move on the guide optical axis 20, and the laser 32 is moved relative to the housing 10 along with the laser housing 31.

In the embodiment, the driving member 51 is a motor, the gear 52 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft of the motor, that is, the gear 52 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the gear 52 is coaxial with the rotating shaft, when the rotating shaft of the motor rotates, the gear 52 can rotate along with the rotating shaft, so that the rack 3112 can move along the first direction or the second direction relative to the guiding optical axis 20. When the rotating shaft of the motor is not rotated, the friction between the gear 52 fixedly coupled to the rotating shaft and the rack 3112 can perform a locking function, so that the laser housing 31 cannot move on the guide optical axis 20, thereby restricting the movement of the laser housing 31 relative to the housing 10. At this time, the position of the laser housing 31 on the guide optical axis 20 is locked.

In this embodiment, the outer peripheral wall of one of the two guide portions 311 is provided with a rack 3112 extending in the first direction, the number of the gears 52 is one, and the gears 52 mesh with the rack 3112 correspondingly. In other embodiments, the peripheral walls of the two guide portions 311 are provided with two racks 3112 extending along the first direction, the number of the gears 52 is two, and the racks 3112 of the two guide portions 311 are correspondingly engaged with the gears 52, which is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the rotating shaft of the motor (i.e., the driving member 51) is rotatably sleeved with a connecting member 53, the connecting member 53 is connected to the driving member 51, and the connecting member 53 is used for connecting the driving assembly 50 to the housing 10. Specifically, the connecting member 53 is provided with two first through holes 531; a first fixing portion 12 extending along the first direction is disposed in the housing 10, the first fixing portion 12 is disposed with a connecting groove 121 extending along the first direction, two second through holes 122 are respectively disposed at two sides of the connecting groove 121 of the first fixing portion 12, and the two second through holes 122 are in one-to-one correspondence with the two first through holes 531. The connecting member 53 can be fixedly connected to the first fixing portion 12 by screws or the like passing through the first through holes 531 and the corresponding second through holes 122, so that the driving member 51 is fixedly connected to the housing 10.

Referring to fig. 3 to 5, 11 and 12, the laser processing apparatus 100 further includes a driving control assembly 60, the driving control assembly 60 includes a first control board 61 electrically connected to the driving member 51, the first control board 61 is configured to transmit a first control signal to the driving member 51 to control the driving member 51 to drive the laser housing 31 to move along the first direction or along the second direction relative to the housing 10. Thus, a first control signal from the external control center can be transmitted to the driving member 51 through the first control board 61, so as to control the rotation of the driving member 51, and further control the rotation of the gear 52 connected to the driving member 51, so as to control the laser housing 31 to move in the first direction or in the second direction relative to the housing 10. The external control center controls the rotation amount of the driving member 51 through the first control signal, so that the moving distance of the laser housing 31 on the guiding optical axis 20 can be controlled, the moving distance of the laser housing 31 relative to the housing 10 along the first direction or the second direction is controlled, the laser 32 can be ensured to accurately move to the preset position relative to the housing 10 along with the laser housing 31, and the processing precision of the laser processing device 100 is improved.

The driving control assembly 60 further includes a reset sensor 62 disposed on the first control board 61, the reset sensor 62 is electrically connected to the first control board 61, the first control board 61 is connected to the housing 10, the laser housing 31 is provided with a reset member 33, and the laser housing 31 moves along the second direction until the reset member 33 cooperates with the reset sensor 62 to output a reset signal. When the reset piece 33 cooperates with the reset sensor 62 to output the reset signal, the laser housing 31 does not move in the second direction any more, and the external control center receives the reset signal through the first control board 61, records the current position information of the laser housing 31, and determines the origin position of the laser processing apparatus 100. At this time, the external control center can output a corresponding first control signal according to the requirement of the user through a precise algorithm, so as to control the distance that the laser housing 31 moves along the first direction or the second direction relative to the housing 10, ensure that the laser 32 can accurately move to a preset position relative to the housing 10 along with the laser housing 31, and improve the processing precision of the laser processing device 100.

In the present embodiment, the first control board 61 is fixed in the housing 10 by screws or the like, and the first control board 61 is positioned on the surface of the connecting portion 11 facing away from the laser housing 31. In other embodiments, the first control plate 61 can be fixed in the housing 10 by being adhered to the connecting portion 11 by gluing, welding, or the like.

In the present embodiment, the reset sensor 62 is a groove type optical coupler sensor, and when the reset element 33 is inserted into the groove of the reset sensor 62 along with the movement of the laser housing 31 along the second direction, the reset element 33 and the reset sensor 62 can cooperate to output the reset signal. In one embodiment, when the laser housing 31 moves in the second direction to contact or press the connecting portion 11, the reset piece 33 is inserted into the groove of the reset sensor 62 along with the movement of the laser housing 31 in the second direction.

Referring to fig. 3 and 8 to 10, the laser processing apparatus 100 further includes a second control board 70 electrically connected to the laser 32, the second control board 70 is connected to the housing 10, and the second control board 70 is used for transmitting a second control signal to the laser 32 to control the power of the laser emitted by the laser 32. In this way, the external control center can transmit the second control signal to the laser 32 through the second control board 70, so that the external control center can adjust the second control signal according to the user's requirement to adjust the power of the laser emitted by the laser 32 to process the workpiece.

In this embodiment, the second fixing portion 13 extending along the first direction is disposed in the housing 10, the first fixing portion 12 is disposed opposite to the second fixing portion 13, the surface of the first fixing portion 12 facing the second fixing portion 13 is disposed with a first sliding slot 123, and the surface of the second fixing portion 13 facing the first fixing portion 12 is disposed with a second sliding slot 131 corresponding to the first sliding slot 123. The second control plate 70 is inserted into the first and

second slide grooves

123 and 131 in the first direction, so that the second control plate 70 is coupled to the housing 10.

Referring to fig. 1, 3, 5, 6, 11 to 13, the laser housing 31 has a first receiving cavity 313 penetrating through two opposite end surfaces thereof along a first direction, the laser 32 is received in the first receiving cavity 313, the laser 32 has an emitting hole 321 along the first direction, and the laser of the laser 32 is emitted from the emitting hole 321. Thus, when the laser light of the laser 32 is emitted from the emitting port 321, the laser light can be directed in the first direction to perform a processing operation such as cutting, engraving, and the like on a workpiece.

The processing device 30 further includes a heat sink, the heat sink includes a plurality of heat-conducting fins 322 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the laser 32, each heat-conducting fin 322 extends along the first direction; the laser processing apparatus 100 further includes a fan 80 connected to the housing 10, and the fan 80 blows air in a first direction corresponding to the heat sink, i.e., the fan 80. The heat dissipation area of the laser 32 is increased by the thermally conductive fins 322. When the fan 80 corresponding to the heat sink supplies air to the heat-conducting fins 322, the heat release of the laser 32 is greatly accelerated, the temperature of the laser 32 is ensured to be in a normal state when the laser is used for processing a workpiece, and the laser emitted by the laser 32 is prevented from being influenced by high temperature to cause the rapid attenuation of the power of the laser, so that the laser processing equipment 100 is influenced to process the workpiece by using the laser 32 as a processing medium.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, two adjacent sides of the laser 32 are respectively provided with a plurality of heat conductive fins 322, and for convenience of description, the two adjacent sides of the laser 32 provided with the heat conductive fins 322 are respectively referred to as a first surface and a second surface. The laser 32 is provided with a groove 323 on a first surface, the laser 32 is provided with a protrusion 324 on a side surface opposite to the first surface, and the laser housing 31 is provided with a locking groove 3131 corresponding to the protrusion 324 at an inner wall of the first receiving cavity 313. The user may press against the bottom wall of the recess 323 by a screw passing through the circumferential wall of the laser housing 31, i.e. the screw may press against said first surface through the circumferential wall of the laser housing 31, the screw providing a pressing force for the laser 32, such that the protrusion 324 of the laser 32 is stably and reliably inserted into the card slot 3131. At this time, the laser 32 is accommodated in the first accommodation chamber 313, that is, the laser 32 is fixedly connected to the laser housing 31. In addition, the user can control the screw to be not pressed against the first surface any more by rotating the screw so as to remove the connection between the laser 32 and the laser shell 31, so that the operation is simple and the disassembly and assembly are convenient.

In the present embodiment, the fan 80 is accommodated in the inner cavity of the housing 10, specifically, the fan 80 is disposed on the surface of the first control board 61 facing away from the laser housing 31, the first control board 61 is provided with a vent hole 611, and the axis of the fan 80 is collinear with the axis of the vent hole 611. Thus, the wind generated by the fan 80 is transmitted to the laser 32 through the ventilation hole 611 to dissipate the heat of the laser 32.

In one embodiment, the heat sink further includes a plurality of fins 314 disposed on the outer periphery of the laser housing 31, and each fin 314 extends along the first direction. The presence of the heat sink 314 increases the heat dissipation area of the laser housing 31, further accelerating the heat release from the laser 32. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, the laser housing 31 is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation fins 314 on one side surface thereof, and for convenience of description, the surface of the laser housing 31 provided with the heat dissipation fins 314 is referred to as a third surface. The third surface is opposite to the second surface, so that when the laser 32 is accommodated in the first accommodating cavity 313, the heat dissipation area of the laser 32 can be increased as much as possible by the heat conductive fins 322 disposed on the first surface and the second surface which are opposite to each other and the heat dissipation fins 314 disposed on the third surface of the laser housing 31 opposite to the second surface, thereby accelerating the heat release of the laser 32.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1, fig. 5 and fig. 6, the processing apparatus 30 further includes a wind guiding cover 34, and the wind guiding cover 34 is disposed on a surface of the laser housing 31 facing the first direction. The wind scooper 34 guides the wind emitted from the processing device 30 in the first direction by the fan 80 to the laser 32 and the laser housing 31, thereby further accelerating the heat release of the laser 32 and further ensuring the temperature of the laser 32 to be in a normal state during operation. Moreover, the wind guide cover 34 guides the wind dissipated from the laser housing 31 and the laser 32 by the fan 80 in the first direction to the laser housing 31 and the laser 32, and can prevent dust generated by the laser processing equipment 100 from depositing outside the lens of the laser 32 to affect the processing effect of the laser 32, thereby playing a role of dust prevention for the laser 32.

Referring to fig. 3, 5, 6, 11, 12 and 14, the processing device 30 further includes a cutter mechanism 35, the cutter mechanism 35 is connected to the laser housing 31, and the cutter mechanism 35 moves with the laser housing 31 relative to the housing 10. Like this, laser beam machining equipment 100 has realized the integration of laser instrument 32 with cutter mechanism 35 through laser instrument shell 31, and it can use laser as the processing medium to process the work piece through laser instrument 32, also can use cutter mechanism 35 as the processing medium processing work piece, and easy operation is convenient, greatly reduced process time and processing cost, improved laser beam machining equipment 100's suitability.

Specifically, the laser housing 31 further includes a receiving portion 315, the receiving portion 315 is provided with a second receiving cavity 3151 extending along the first direction, and the cutter mechanism 35 is received in the second receiving cavity 3151. Thus, the laser housing 31 moves along the guide optical axis 20 in the first direction, and the cutter mechanism 35 can process the workpiece, for example, cut, mark or carve the workpiece, along with the movement of the laser housing 31 relative to the housing 10 in the first direction; when the laser housing 31 is moved in the second direction on the guide optical axis 20, the cutter mechanism 35 can be moved away from the workpiece as the laser housing 31 is moved in the second direction with respect to the housing 10.

Referring to fig. 11 to 15, the cutter mechanism 35 includes a cutter holder seat 351, at least one elastic structure 352, a cutter holder 353 and a cutter 354. The holder seat 351 is received in the second receiving cavity 3151. The tool holder 353 is movably inserted into the tool holder seat 351. Cutting blade 354 is removably attached to blade holder 353. The elastic structure 352 includes a first elastic member 3521 and a second elastic member 3522 sleeved in the first elastic member 3521. The resilient structure 352 is disposed between the tool holder mount 351 and the tool holder 353.

When the cutter mechanism 35 moves along the first direction relative to the housing 10 along with the laser housing 31 to process a workpiece, the cutting blade 354 connected to the cutting blade 353 presses against the surface of the workpiece, so that the cutting blade 353 connected to the cutting blade 354 moves along the second direction relative to the tool rest seat 351 to press the elastic structure 352 to the first state and the second state. In the first state, the first elastic member 3521 deforms to abut against the cutter holder 353, and the elastic structure 352 provides a first cutting force for the cutting blade 354; in the second state, the first elastic member 3521 and the second elastic member 3522 are deformed to abut against the cutter holder 353, and the elastic structure 352 provides a second cutting force for the cutting blade 354. Therefore, the cutter mechanism 35 can provide a first cutting force which is increased linearly for the cutting blade 354 and a second cutting force which is increased by a larger amplitude than the first cutting force and is nonlinear, and the cutting blade 354 can rapidly and stably process a workpiece with a smaller thickness under the action of the first cutting force; the cutting blade 354 can stably and rapidly process a workpiece having a large thickness by the second cutting force. Therefore, when the cutter mechanism 35 moves along the first direction relative to the housing 10 along with the laser housing 31 to process a workpiece, the cutter holder 353 of the cutter mechanism 35 can move along the second direction relative to the cutter holder seat 351 to press against the elastic structure 352, so as to provide a linear first cutting force and a nonlinear second cutting force for the cutting knife 354 connected to the cutter holder 353, and thus the cutting knife 354 can rapidly and stably process workpieces with small thickness and large thickness according to user requirements.

In this embodiment, when the cutting blade 354 processes a workpiece with a thickness of 0 to 0.5 mm, the cutter mechanism 35 is in a first state, that is, the cutting force applied to the cutting blade 354 is a first cutting force; when the cutter 354 processes a workpiece having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, the cutter mechanism 35 is in the second state, i.e., the cutting force applied to the cutter 354 is the second cutting force.

In this embodiment, the number of the elastic structures 352 is 1. In a modified embodiment, the number of the elastic structures 352 may be a positive integer of at least 1, such as 2, 3, or 4. The elastic structures 352 are disposed between the tool holder 353 and the tool holder seat 351, and the elastic structures 352 are not overlapped with each other, and the tool holder 353 moves along the second direction relative to the tool holder seat 351 and simultaneously presses against all the elastic structures 352.

It can be appreciated that when the tool holder 353 is not moved in the second direction relative to the holder base 351, the first elastic member 3521 extends in the second direction for a length greater than the second elastic member 3522. Thus, when the tool holder 353 moves in the second direction relative to the holder seat 351, the tool assembly 333 can first press the first elastic element 3521 and then press the second elastic element 3522.

In this embodiment, the first elastic element 3521 and the second elastic element 3522 are both compression springs, the inner diameter of the first elastic element 3521 is larger than the outer diameter of the second elastic element 3522, and the first elastic element 3521 is sleeved on the second elastic element 3522. Thus, the elastic constant of the second elastic member 3522 is greater than that of the first elastic member 3521, and when the second elastic member 3522 and the first elastic member 3521 respectively generate the same amount of deformation in the second direction, the elastic force provided by the second elastic member 3522 is greater. So that the second cutting force increases substantially compared to the first cutting force when the cutter mechanism 35 is changed from the first state to the second state. It is understood that the first elastic member 3521 and the second elastic member 3522 may be other members made of elastic material.

In other embodiments, the first resilient member 3521 defines an inner cavity along the second direction, and the second resilient member 3522 is received in the inner cavity. The inner cavity may penetrate through two opposite end surfaces of the first elastic element 3521 along the second direction, and when the tool holder 353 moves to the second state along the second direction relative to the tool holder seat 351, two opposite ends of the first elastic element 3521 and the second elastic element 3522 along the second direction respectively press against the tool holder 353 and the tool holder seat 351. The inner cavity may also penetrate one end surface of the first elastic member 3521 along the second direction, when the knife rest 353 moves to the second state relative to the knife rest seat 351 along the second direction, two opposite ends of the first elastic member 3521 along the second direction respectively press the knife rest 353 and the knife rest seat 351, two opposite ends of the second elastic member 3522 along the second direction respectively press the first elastic member 3521 and the knife rest seat 351, or two opposite ends of the second elastic member 3522 along the first direction respectively press the knife rest 353 and the first elastic member 3521.

Referring to fig. 11, 12, 14, and 15, a first accommodating cavity 3511 is disposed along a first direction on an end surface of the knife rest seat 351 facing away from the fan 80, the knife rest 353 includes a pressing part 3531 slidably connected to the first accommodating cavity 3511 along a second direction, the elastic structure 352 is accommodated in the first accommodating cavity 3511 and located between the knife rest seat 351 and the pressing part 3531, and the pressing part 3531 slides in the first accommodating cavity 3511 along the second direction to press the first elastic part 3521 and then press the second elastic part 3522. Thus, when the pressing portion 3531 moves in the first accommodating cavity 3511 along the second direction, the pressing portion 3531 drives the first elastic member 3521 and the second elastic member 3522 to move toward the holder seat 351 until the pressing portion 3531 presses against the first elastic member 3521, and two opposite ends of the first elastic member 3521 along the second direction respectively press against the pressing portion 3531 and the holder seat 351. At this time, the cutter mechanism 35 is in the first state. Then, the pressing portion 3531 pressing against the first elastic member 3521 continues to move in the first accommodating cavity 3511 along the second direction, so as to drive the second elastic member 3522 to move toward the holder seat 351 until the pressing portion 3531 pressing against the first elastic member 3521 presses against the second elastic member 3522, and two opposite ends of the second elastic member 3522 along the second direction respectively press against the pressing portion 3531 and the holder seat. At this time, the cutter mechanism 35 is in the second state. In this embodiment, the pressing part 3531 is a cylinder, and the radial dimension of the pressing part 3531 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the first elastic member 3521, so that the radial dimension of the pressing part 3531 is greater than the outer diameter of the second elastic member 3522. In this way, the pressing portion 3531 can completely press the first elastic member 3521 and/or the second elastic member 3522, so that the first elastic member 3521 and/or the second elastic member 3522 deform along the first direction, and uneven stress on the first elastic member 3521 and/or the second elastic member 3522 during deformation is avoided.

A through hole 3512 communicating with the first accommodating cavity 3511 is disposed along the second direction on an end surface of the tool holder 351 close to the fan 80, a first position-limiting portion 3532 is disposed on a surface of the pressing portion 3531 facing the elastic structure 352, the first position-limiting portion 3532 movably penetrates through the first accommodating cavity 3511 and the through hole 3512 along the second direction, and the elastic structure 352 is sleeved on the first position-limiting portion 3532. Thus, when the pressing portion 3531 moves along the second direction relative to the tool rest base 351, the elastic structure 352 sleeved on the first position-limiting portion 3532 is not prone to shake, which is beneficial for the pressing portion 3531 to press the first elastic member 3521 and/or the second elastic member 3522. In this embodiment, the axes of the through hole 3512, the first position-limiting portion 3532, the pressing portion 3531, the first elastic member 3521 and the second elastic member 3522 are collinear, so as to ensure the concentricity of the cutter mechanism 35.

One end of the first limiting portion 3532 extending out of the through hole 3512 is provided with a limiting member 355, and the limiting member 355 is used for stopping the knife rest 353 from moving along the first direction relative to the knife rest seat 351. The presence of the stop 355 prevents the cutting blade 354 attached to the blade holder 353 from being separated from the blade holder 351 in the first direction and interfering with the cutting of the workpiece 354 when the cutting blade 354 is attached to the blade holder 351 to process the workpiece.

In this embodiment, the limiting member 355 is a snap spring, and the outer diameter of the limiting member 355 is larger than the hole diameter of the through hole 3512. The surface of the first limiting portion 3532 departing from the abutting portion 3531 is provided with a second limiting portion 3533, the second limiting portion 3533 is located outside the tool rest base 351, a clamping groove is formed in the connecting position of the second limiting portion 3533 and the first limiting portion 3532, and the limiting member 355 is clamped with the clamping groove. Thus, when the tool holder 353 moves along the first direction relative to the tool holder seat 351, the limiting member 355 of the clamping groove abuts against the tool holder seat 351 to limit the tool holder 353 from separating from the tool holder seat 351 along the first direction. In other embodiments, the limiting member 355 may be other members having a limiting function.

Referring to fig. 11, 12, 14 and 15, the cutter mechanism 35 further includes an adjusting member 356, an adjusting portion 3534 is disposed around the cutting blade 354 at a side of the pressing portion 3531 away from the elastic structure 352, the adjusting member 356 is screwed with the adjusting portion 3534, and the adjusting member 356 rotates relative to the adjusting portion 3534, so that an end of the cutting blade 354 away from the elastic structure 352 penetrates through the adjusting member 356 or is accommodated in the adjusting member 356 along a first direction. Thus, by rotating the adjusting member 356, the length of the cutting blade 354 extending out of the adjusting member 356 can be controlled, thereby controlling the thickness of the workpiece to be machined by the cutting blade 354. For example, when a user desires to make an impression of a maximum thickness x on the surface of a workpiece by the cutting blade 354 of the cutter mechanism 35, the cutting blade 354 is caused to penetrate the adjusting member 356 by a length x by rotating the adjusting member 356; the cutting blade 354 of the cutter mechanism 35 cuts the workpiece as the laser housing 31 is moved in a first direction relative to the housing 10 until the adjustment member 356 presses against the surface of the workpiece, thereby forming an indentation of thickness x in the surface of the workpiece.

In the present embodiment, the adjusting portion 3534 is provided with an external thread, the adjusting piece 356 is provided with an internal thread hole, and the adjusting piece 356 is fitted over the adjusting portion 3534 when the adjusting piece 356 is screwed to the adjusting portion 3534. It is understood that in other embodiments, the adjusting part 3534 may be provided with an internally threaded bore, the adjusting member 356 may be provided with an externally threaded bore, and the adjusting member 356 may be threadedly engaged with the adjusting part 3534, such that the adjusting part 3534 is nested within the adjusting member 356 while remaining within the scope of the present invention.

The knife rest 353 is provided with a second accommodating cavity penetrating through two opposite end faces of the knife rest along the first direction, and the second accommodating cavity comprises a first accommodating hole 3536, a second accommodating hole 3537 and a third accommodating hole 3538 which are sequentially communicated along the first direction. The cutting blade 354 includes a main body portion 3541 received in the second receiving hole 3537 and the third receiving hole 3538, and a cutting head 3542 disposed on the main body portion 3541, wherein the cutting head 3542 extends out of the third receiving hole 3538. The cutter mechanism 35 further includes a push rod 357, and the push rod 357 is used to push the body portion 3541 out of the third accommodating hole 3538. Thus, when the user desires to replace the cutting blade 354, the user removes the blade holder 353 attached to the cutting blade 354 from the blade holder 351 and then pushes the body portion 3541 out of the third receiving hole 3538 via the push rod 357. At this time, the user can hold the main body portion 3541 to remove the cutting blade 354 from the blade holder 353, thereby avoiding being cut by the cutting head 3542; the replacement of the cutting blade 354 is then completed by inserting the replacement cutting blade 354 into the second and third receiving

holes

3537, 3538 in a second direction. Additionally, the cutting tip 3542, which extends out of the third receiving hole 3538, facilitates the cutting blade 354 in machining a workpiece.

Specifically, the diameter of the second accommodating hole 3537 is larger than the diameter of the first accommodating hole 3536 to form a step surface, the push rod 357 includes a third limiting portion 3571 movably disposed in the second accommodating hole 3537, the cutter mechanism 33 further includes at least one third elastic member 358 disposed in the second accommodating hole 3537, and the third elastic member 358 is used for providing a pressing force for the third limiting portion 3571, so that the third limiting portion 3571 presses against the step surface. Thus, when the user does not apply a force to the push rod 357, the third stopper 3571 of the push rod 357 presses against the step surface through the third elastic member 358 disposed in the second receiving hole 3537, so as to prevent the push rod 357 from moving in the second direction and separating from the knife rest 353.

In this embodiment, the number of the third elastic members 358 is 1, and the third elastic members 358 are compression springs. The main body 3541 of the cutting blade 354 passes through the third elastic member 358 and is connected to the third stopper 3571. Thus, when the user pushes the push rod 357 such that the third stopper portion 3571 of the push rod 357 moves in the first direction, the third elastic member 358 is compressed in the first direction, and the body portion 3541 connected to the third stopper portion 3571 moves in the first direction until the body portion 3541 protrudes from the third receiving hole 3538. At this point, the user may grasp the body portion 3541 and remove the cutting blade 354 from the blade holder 353. It is understood that in other embodiments, the number of the third elastic members 358 may also be 2, 3, 4, etc.; the third elastic member 358 may also be other members having elasticity.

The cutter mechanism 35 further includes a magnetic component 359 disposed between the main body portion 3541 and the third limiting portion 3571, and the magnetic component 359 is used for attracting the main body portion 3541. Thus, the third stopper 3571 of the push rod 357 attracts the main body 3541 through the magnetic attraction 359, so as to connect the push rod 357 and the cutting blade 354. When the user needs to replace the cutting blade 354, the user can insert the replaced cutting blade 354 directly into the second accommodating hole 3537 and the third accommodating hole 3538, and then the cutting blade 354 can be installed in the cutter holder 353, so that the whole cutter installing process is simple and convenient, and no additional tool or calibration tool is needed. In this embodiment, the magnetic element 359 disposed between the main body 3541 and the third position-limiting portion 3571 is disposed between the third position-limiting portion 3571 and the third elastic element 358. When the user does not apply a force to the push rod 357, the third elastic member 358 provides a pressing force for the magnetic component 359, so that the magnetic component 359 presses against the third position-limiting portion 3571 along the second direction, and the magnetic component 359 is prevented from being separated from the knife rest 353 along the first direction. It is understood that in other embodiments, the main body portion 3541 and the third position-limiting portion 3571 can be detachably connected by other means such as a buckle.

An operating portion 3572 is disposed on a surface of the third limiting portion 3571 away from the cutting blade 354, the operating portion 3572 penetrates through the cutter holder 353 along the first accommodating hole 3536, and the operating portion 3572 is used for driving the third limiting portion 3571 to move towards the cutting blade 354. The access portion 3572 extending through the blade holder 353 facilitates the user in applying force to the push rod 357 to facilitate removal of the cutting blade 354 from the blade holder 353.

While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A laser machining apparatus, characterized by comprising:

a housing;

the processing device comprises a laser shell and a laser, the laser is connected with the laser shell, the laser shell is connected with the guide optical axis in a sliding mode, the laser is driven by the laser shell to move relative to the shell along the first direction or the second direction, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction.

2. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the housing is provided with a connecting portion corresponding to the guide optical axis, the connecting portion being provided with a connecting hole into which an end portion of the guide optical axis is inserted.

3. The laser machining apparatus of claim 1 further comprising a drive assembly including a drive member disposed in the housing for driving the laser housing to move along the guide optical axis.

4. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the laser housing includes a guide portion corresponding to the guide optical axis, the guide portion is provided with a guide hole penetrating through opposite end surfaces thereof in the first direction, and the guide optical axis is movably disposed in the guide hole.

5. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the outer peripheral wall of the guide portion is provided with a rack extending in the first direction, and the driving assembly further includes a gear connected to the driving member and engaged with the rack, the driving member driving the gear to rotate so that the rack moves in the first direction or the second direction with respect to the guide optical axis.

6. The laser processing apparatus of claim 3, further comprising a drive control assembly, wherein the drive control assembly comprises a first control board electrically connected to the driving member, and the first control board is configured to transmit a first control signal to the driving member to control the driving member to drive the laser housing to move in the first direction or the second direction relative to the housing.

7. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the driving control assembly further comprises a reset sensor disposed on the first control board, the reset sensor is electrically connected to the first control board, the first control board is connected to the housing, the laser housing is provided with a reset member, and the laser housing moves in the second direction until the reset member cooperates with the reset sensor to output a reset signal.

8. The laser processing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a second control board electrically connected to the laser, the second control board being connected to the housing, the second control board being configured to transmit a second control signal to the laser to control the power of the laser light emitted by the laser.

9. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the laser housing is provided with a first receiving cavity penetrating opposite end faces thereof in the first direction, the laser being received in the first receiving cavity, the laser being provided with an emission outlet in the first direction, the laser light of the laser being emitted from the emission outlet.

10. The laser processing apparatus of claim 9, wherein the processing device further comprises a heat sink, the heat sink comprising a plurality of heat conductive fins disposed on an outer peripheral surface of the laser, each heat conductive fin extending in the first direction; the laser processing equipment also comprises a fan connected to the shell, and the fan corresponds to the heat radiator.