CN115889715A - Double-layer tundish covering agent pellet - Google Patents
Double-layer tundish covering agent pellet Download PDFInfo
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- CN115889715A CN115889715A CN202211506497.5A CN202211506497A CN115889715A CN 115889715 A CN115889715 A CN 115889715A CN 202211506497 A CN202211506497 A CN 202211506497A CN 115889715 A CN115889715 A CN 115889715A
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- tundish covering
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- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 35
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011895 specific detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of tundish covering agents, and particularly discloses a double-layer tundish covering agent pellet which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: the invention aims to solve the problem of hidden quality danger of molten steel during steelmaking caused by melting of rice hulls in the traditional double-layer heat-insulation covering agent.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of tundish covering agents, and particularly discloses a double-layer tundish covering agent pellet.
Background
With the continuous improvement of steel production technology, the requirements on auxiliary materials for steelmaking are higher and higher. The tundish covering agent has the initial function of only preserving heat to prevent the temperature drop of molten steel in the process of transmission or pouring, but the molten steel heat-preserving covering agent gradually develops towards multiple functions along with the improvement of steel quality requirements, and the specific functions of preserving heat, preventing secondary oxidation of atmosphere on the molten steel, adsorbing floating impurities in steel, not reacting with the molten steel to avoid molten steel pollution and the like.
The alkaline covering agent has more advantages than acidic and neutral covering agents, but the heat preservation effect is poor, so most steel mills adopt double-layer heat preservation covering agents which have double-layer structures, the bottom layer is generally alkaline slag, a liquid slag layer is formed to adsorb impurities when the covering agent is used, and the top layer is generally carbonized rice hulls to strengthen heat preservation.
However, because the tundish covering agent is a consumable product, the carbonized rice hulls are also continuously melted and enter the lower layer along with the production, so that the alkalinity of the alkaline slag at the lower layer is reduced, and the molten steel is possibly carburized, meanwhile, the conventional tundish covering agent is in bulk and is added in a whole bag through manual feeding, a large amount of manpower is consumed in the feeding process, and meanwhile, the safety risk is caused, the woven bag is burnt to generate larger smoke dust to cause environmental pollution, and the fine powder materials in bulk are removed by dust removal and are pumped away to cause material waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of potential quality hazard of molten steel during steelmaking caused by melting of rice hulls in the traditional double-layer heat-preservation covering agent.
In order to achieve the aim, the basic scheme of the invention provides a double-layer tundish covering agent pellet which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-37% of limestone, 18-28% of dolomite, 10-15% of light-burned magnesium powder, 22-30% of expanded perlite, 1-4% of expanded graphite, 1-3% of a bonding agent and 2-4% of magnesium chloride.
The principle and effect of this basic scheme lie in:
1. compared with the prior art, the limestone is added into the double-layer tundish covering agent pellets, the limestone mainly comprises Cao, can be decomposed at high temperature, promotes the decomposition and melting of the pellets, improves the uniformity of a slag surface, provides a lower melting layer with monitored alkalinity for better adsorbing inclusions in molten steel, removes S, P in the steel and reduces the secondary oxidation of the molten steel.
2. Compared with the prior art, the light-burned dolomite is added into the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet, the main components are CaO and MgO, the content of CaO in the covering agent pellet is further increased by using the light-burned dolomite, the hydration degree of the MgO is lighter than that of the CaO, the problem of wet-process pelletizing of raw materials can be better solved, the viscosity of a slag surface is adjusted to increase the uniformity of the slag surface, and the sintered magnesium powder is added to provide the integral alkalinity of the pellet and enhance the capacity of a molten steel layer for adsorbing impurities.
3. Compared with the prior art, the expanded perlite is added to cover and form a melting layer, the problem that the alkaline covering agent is easy to crust is solved, and the expanded perlite serving as an efficient heat-insulating material has low heat conductivity and density and can float to the surface to form a transition heat-insulating layer.
4. Compared with the prior art, the expandable graphite is added, so that the thermal conductivity of the heat-insulating layer is reduced when the heat-insulating layer is expanded by heating, and the overall heat-insulating property of the covering agent is improved.
Furthermore, the particle size range of the limestone is 0.149-3 mm, the particle size range of the dolomite is 0.074-5 mm, the particle size range of the light-burned magnesium powder is less than 0.074mm, the particle size range of the expanded perlite is 1-3mm, the particle size range of the expanded graphite is less than 0.074mm, the particle size range of the bonding agent is less than 0.044mm, and the particle size range of the magnesium chloride is less than 0.074mm.
Further, the limestone contains more than or equal to 50% of CaO and H by mass 2 O≤2％，SiO 2 ≤5％。
Further, the light-burned dolomite contains, by mass, not less than 40% of Cao, not less than 26% of MgO, and not more than 5% of H2O.
Furthermore, the sintered magnesium powder contains more than or equal to 90 mass percent of MgO and SiO 2 ≤4％、CaO≤1.6％；H 2 O≤0.5％。
Further, the expanded perlite contains SiO by mass 2 68％-73％，Al 2 O 3 11-15％，H 2 O≤1％，0.045The heat conductivity coefficient is not less than 0.055.
Further, the expandable graphite contains more than or equal to 99 mass percent of C and has an expansion ratio of 200-250 mm/g.
Further, the bonding agent is starch and cellulose which are common in the market, and the magnesium chloride is white powder and contains MgCl by mass 2 ≥92％。
Furthermore, the water content of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellets is less than or equal to 2% by mass, the water content of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellets is controlled by the hydration reaction of magnesium chloride, and the hydration reaction of magnesium chloride releases heat to take away water, so that the aim of controlling the water content is fulfilled.
Further, the alkalinity range of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellets is 1-1.2, the mass percent of CaO and MgO in the double-layer tundish covering agent pellets is more than 40%, and the mass percent of SiO2 is more than or equal to 20%.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 33% of limestone, 21% of dolomite, 12% of light-burned magnesium powder, 28% of expanded perlite, 1% of expanded graphite, 2% of a bonding agent and 3% of magnesium chloride.
Wherein the particle size range of the limestone is 0.149-3 mm, the particle size range of the dolomite is 0.074-5 mm, the particle size range of the light-burned magnesium powder is less than 0.074mm, the particle size range of the expanded perlite is 1-3mm, the particle size range of the expanded graphite is less than 0.074mm, the particle size range of the bonding agent is less than 0.044mm, and the particle size range of the magnesium chloride is less than 0.074mm.
The limestone contains more than or equal to 50 percent of CaO and H by mass 2 O≤2％，SiO 2 Not more than 5 percent, the content of Cao in the light-burned dolomite is not less than 40 percent by mass, the content of MgO is not less than 26 percent by mass, the content of H2O is not more than 5 percent by mass, and the content of SiO in the expanded perlite is not more than 5 percent by mass 2 68％-73％，Al 2 O 3 11-15％，H 2 O is less than or equal to 1 percent, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.055 and is less than or equal to 0.045, the expandable graphite contains C more than or equal to 99 by mass and has the expansion multiple of 200-250 mm/g, the binding agent is starch and cellulose, and the magnesium chloride is white powderMgCl in mass 2 ≥92％。
The pelletizing size of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is phi 40 multiplied by 40mm ellipsoid, the water content of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is less than or equal to 2% by mass, the water content of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is controlled by the hydration reaction of magnesium chloride, the hydration reaction of the magnesium chloride can emit a large amount of heat to control the water content, the alkalinity range of the finally obtained double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is 1-1.2, the mass percentage of CaO and MgO in the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is more than 40%, and the mass percentage of SiO2 is more than or equal to 20%.
In the scheme, limestone is obtained by mining, the main component of the limestone is CaO, the CaO can be decomposed at the high temperature of 850 ℃, the decomposition and melting of the pellets are promoted, the uniformity of the slag surface is improved, meanwhile, the alkalinity is provided, so that a lower melting layer can better adsorb impurities in molten steel, S, P in the steel is removed, and the secondary oxidation of the molten steel is reduced.
The main components of the light-burned dolomite are CaO and MgO, the content of CaO in the covering agent pellets is further increased by using the light-burned dolomite, the hydration degree of the MgO is lighter than that of the CaO, the problem of wet-process pelletizing of raw materials can be better solved, and meanwhile, the viscosity of the slag surface is adjusted to increase the uniformity of the slag surface.
The main component of the sintered magnesium powder is MgO, which can provide alkalinity and enhance the capability of the molten steel inclusion adsorption of the molten layer.
The main component of the expanded perlite is SiO 2 And Al 2 O 3 ，SiO 2 Forming SiO with CaO and MgO in limestone and light-burned dolomite 2 The CaO-MgO slag system has the composition range of liquid slag at the temperature of molten steel in a tundish, and raw materials are designed according to the slag system in proportion, so that the covering agent forms a molten layer, and the problem that the alkaline covering agent is easy to crust is solved. Wherein a small amount of Al 2 O 3 Can float after absorbing slag inclusion and can improve the viscosity of slag. In addition, the expanded perlite serving as an efficient heat insulation material has low heat conductivity and density, and can float to the surface to form a transition heat insulation layer.
Expandable graphite is a product that has been acidified or electrochemically treated and begins to expand significantly at around 120 ℃. The expansion speed is related to the temperature, and the low-temperature expansion is slow and the high-temperature expansion is fast. The covering agent can be expanded rapidly instantly at a temperature of over 800 ℃, when the covering agent is heated to expand, the volume of the covering agent is increased, a large amount of gas is released to push the covering agent to cover the surface of molten steel rapidly, a large number of cavities and pores appear in a heat-insulating transition layer, the heat conductivity of a heat-insulating layer is greatly reduced by forming a black body-like effect, and the heat-insulating capacity of covering agent pellets is improved under the communication effect of expanded perlite and expanded graphite. Meanwhile, a small amount of carbon is introduced, so that the melting time of the covering agent can be prolonged, the thickness of a molten layer of the covering agent is further controlled, the using amount of covering agent pellets can be reduced, and the cost of a steel mill is saved.
The binder is produced by a manufacturer with more comprehensive technology, provides initial strength for the pellets and prevents secondary crushing.
The magnesium chloride can be hydrated and released in the ball pressing stage to accelerate the evaporation of water in the pellets, and simultaneously, the magnesium chloride is combined with light-burned dolomite and MgO in sintered magnesium powder to form magnesite cement, so that the later strength of the pellets is increased to prevent the pellets from being broken when being added into a storage bin. In addition, the magnesium chloride can improve the melting point of the pellets, so that the pellets can be quickly decomposed after being added into molten steel, the surface of the molten steel can be quickly covered, the secondary oxidation of the molten steel can be effectively reduced, and the added components have the contents shown in the following table:
the physicochemical indexes of the double-layer heat-preservation covering agent pellets are shown in the following table:
the preparation method of the double-layer heat-preservation covering agent pellet adopts the mature cold pressing process on the market at present: the application physical and chemical indexes of the double-layer heat-preservation covering agent pellets are sampled and detected after automatic batching, stirring, ball pressing and natural airing for 72 hours, and the specific detection data are shown in the following table:
the detection result is qualified, the tundish covering agent is added into a steel plant for practical application, and the adding method of the tundish covering agent pellets is determined to be that the adding amount of each ton of steel of the tundish covering agent is 1.1kg/t (steel): when the first tank is started to cast, 200kg of ladle casting material and two-flow casting hole are respectively put in, and when each later tank is started to cast, 30-40kg of ladle casting material and two-flow casting hole are respectively put in.
Description of the effects of use: the pellets are added in a pellet form, so that smoke dust is obviously reduced, the pellets are quickly melted, and the temperature of molten steel in a tundish can be ensured to be higher than a target temperature during the pouring of a ladle, so that the production requirement can be met. And the covering agent is intersected with the previous covering agent, the wall of the tundish sometimes carries slag, the slag turning is difficult, after the covering agent pellets are used, the situation is obviously improved, and the wall of the tundish basically does not carry slag.
The second embodiment:
the difference from the first embodiment is only that: 32% of limestone, 20% of dolomite, 13% of light-burned magnesium powder, 28% of expanded perlite, 2% of expanded graphite, 2% of a binding agent and 3% of magnesium chloride, wherein the pellets are prepared for detection, the detection results are shown in the following table, the detection results are qualified, the pellets are added into a steel plant for practical application, and the adding method of the covering agent pellets of the tundish covering agent is determined to be 1.13kg/t (steel): when the first tank is started to cast, 200kg of steel ladle pouring hole and two-flow pouring hole are respectively put in, and when each subsequent tank is started to cast, 30-40kg of steel ladle pouring material and two-flow pouring hole are respectively put in, and the detection results are as follows:
description of the effects of use: the pellets are added in a pellet form, so that smoke dust is obviously reduced, the pellets are quickly melted, and the temperature of molten steel in a tundish can be ensured to be higher than a target temperature during the pouring of a ladle, so that the production requirement can be met. And the covering agent is intersected with the previous covering agent, the wall of the tundish sometimes carries slag, the slag turning is difficult, after the covering agent pellets are used, the situation is obviously improved, and the wall of the tundish basically does not carry slag.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a double-deck tundish covering agent pellet which characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-37% of limestone, 18-28% of dolomite, 10-15% of light-burned magnesium powder, 22-30% of expanded perlite, 1-4% of expanded graphite, 1-3% of a bonding agent and 2-4% of magnesium chloride.
2. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet as claimed in claim 1, wherein the limestone particle size range is 0.149-3 mm, the dolomite particle size range is 0.074-5 mm, the light calcined magnesia particle size range is less than 0.074mm, the expanded perlite particle size range is 1-3mm, the expanded graphite particle size range is less than 0.074mm, the binder particle size range is less than 0.044mm, and the magnesium chloride particle size range is less than 0.074mm.
3. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet as claimed in claim 2, wherein the limestone contains CaO more than or equal to 50% by mass and H 2 O≤2％，SiO 2 ≤5％。
4. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet according to claim 2, wherein the light-burned dolomite contains, by mass, not less than 40% of Cao, not less than 26% of MgO, and not more than 5% of H2O.
5. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet as claimed in claim 2, wherein the light-burned dolomite contains, by mass, not less than 40% of Cao, not less than 26% of MgO, and not more than 5% of H2O.
6. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet according to claim 2, wherein the expanded perlite comprises SiO by mass 2 68％-73％，Al 2 O 3 11-15％，H 2 O is less than or equal to 1 percent, and the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.055 and less than or equal to 0.045.
7. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet as claimed in claim 2, wherein the expandable graphite contains C ≥ 99 by mass and an expansion factor of 200-250 mm/g.
8. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet as claimed in claim 2, wherein the binder is starch plus cellulose, the magnesium chloride is white powder containing MgCl by mass 2 ≥92％。
9. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet according to claim 8, wherein the pelletizing size of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is an ellipsoid with the diameter of phi 40 x 40mm, the water content of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is less than or equal to 2% by mass, and the water content of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is controlled by magnesium chloride hydration reaction.
10. The double-layer tundish covering agent pellet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the basicity of the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is in the range of 1 to 1.2, the mass percent of CaO + MgO in the double-layer tundish covering agent pellet is more than 40%, and the mass percent of SiO2 is more than or equal to 20%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211506497.5A CN115889715A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Double-layer tundish covering agent pellet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211506497.5A CN115889715A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Double-layer tundish covering agent pellet |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115889715A true CN115889715A (en) | 2023-04-04 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211506497.5A Pending CN115889715A (en) | 2022-11-28 | 2022-11-28 | Double-layer tundish covering agent pellet |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115889715A (en) |
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- 2022-11-28 CN CN202211506497.5A patent/CN115889715A/en active Pending
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