CN109579525A - The system for preparing high-purity potassium steel - Google Patents

The system for preparing high-purity potassium steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109579525A
CN109579525A CN201811630431.0A CN201811630431A CN109579525A CN 109579525 A CN109579525 A CN 109579525A CN 201811630431 A CN201811630431 A CN 201811630431A CN 109579525 A CN109579525 A CN 109579525A
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China
Prior art keywords
furnace
parts
steel
air brick
argon
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CN201811630431.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109579525B (en
Inventor
赵四勇
廖钊
康建
田辉
周正
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Guangxi Great Wall Machinery Ltd By Share Ltd
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Guangxi Great Wall Machinery Ltd By Share Ltd
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/02—Linings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/04—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs characterised by the form, e.g. shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0843—Lining or casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/02—Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
    • F27D2007/023—Conduits

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of systems for preparing high-purity potassium steel; it is characterised by comprising: furnace shell, furnace lining, furnace wall layer, pedestal, gaseous diffuser, air brick, air inlet pipe, union, furnace body protect contact, contact holder, conducting wire, bell, flow regulator, pressure reducing valve, argon bottle.The air brick that the present invention prepares the system of high-purity potassium steel can form equally distributed thin stomata, Air permenbility is slit, 1.5 times or more of disperse formula air brick, argon gas is spread in molten steel by countless stomatas, hence it is evident that the purifying rate for improving molten steel reduces the content of steel water oxygen and hydrogen；It solves scarfing cinder iron and burns oxygen and a small amount of straight gross porosity and argon gas is caused to be concentrated through molten steel quickly the problems such as running away on liquid level, hence it is evident that improve the purifying rate of molten steel.

Description

The system for preparing high-purity potassium steel
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-performance new material and metallurgical technology fields, and in particular to it is a kind of prepare high-purity potassium steel be System.
Background technique
Potassium steel liquid purity level directly affects casting quality, and oxide, field trash, gas content etc. are miscellaneous in potassium steel liquid The number of matter directly affects material capability.
Oxygen is one of the element of the segregation tendency most serious in the process of setting of steel, in the solidification and subsequent cooling of molten steel In the process, the solubility of oxygen sharply declines, and most oxygen of steel Central Plains dissolution are mingled with so that ferriferous oxide, oxysulfide etc. are fine The form of object is enriched with γ or α grain boundaries, these microinclusions will cause embrittlement of grain boundaries, make the processing and use process of steel In easily become the starting point of grain boundary separation, eventually lead to steel and brittle break occur.
The increase of oxygen content in steel can reduce the ductility, impact flexibility, antifatigue destructive characteristics of steel, improve steel it is tough- Crisp inversion temperature reduces the corrosion resistance of steel.In addition, oxygen-containing high steel are also easy to that aging occurs, in high temperature plus Working hour since the impurity segregation of grain boundaries forms low melting point nethike embrane, causes steel to generate hot-short.
Steel in cooling procedure hydrogen can also diffusional precipitation, since diffusion velocity is very slow in solid steel, only minimal amount expand It is scattered to continuous casting billet (or steel ingot) surface, majority is to diffuse into the aperture in microscopic pores or near field trash or on crystal boundary In, form hydrogen molecule.Since constantly KH value very little, pH2 but very greatly, cause hydrogen molecule under the place aggregation of precipitation, low temperature The internal stress of steel.This internal stress has been more than the intensity pole of steel along with the summation of structural stress, thermal stress, distortional stress etc. Limit, will rupture to form crackle.
The effects of in potassium steel liquid fusion process because of air-breathing, oxidation, cause in potassium steel liquid that there are a certain number of oxygen Compound, non-metallic inclusion, pernicious gas etc. need to be to melting potassium steel to guarantee that potassium steel liquid forms casting with pure state Liquid carries out refining purified treatment, reaches clean-up effect.
The manufacture craft of clean steel mainly has three both at home and abroad at present:
1) blast furnace-cast steel liquid pretreatment-converter-external refining (LF, RH).This process need to configure the outer essence of furnace Equipment is refined, and process is cumbersome, it is complicated for operation；
2) ultra high power, high power electric arc furnace (EAF) --- external refining (LF, RH).This process is also required to match External refining equipment is set, and more demanding to raw material；
3) vacuum induction furnace (VIF) and electroslag remelting (ESR).The vacuum smelting equipment investment that this process uses Greatly, and remelting need to consume electricity big.
Country's smelting equipment and technique majority use non-oxidizing process smelting technology at present, but the system of refining potassium steel at present Have the disadvantage in that first is that the degradation degree that argon gas in potassium steel liquid sublimate treatment process cannot be detected to furnace lining, selection compared with Good argon pressure and flow, causes higher cost；Second is that when the potassium steel water of fusing exudation furnace lining is connected with furnace shell, it cannot It avoids wearing the generation of furnace accident well；Third is that refining potassium steel purified treatment oxygen and hydrogen effect are poor, the quality of product is influenced；Fourth is that It is of poor quality to refine air brick used in the system of potassium steel, influences Argon effect, to influence purified steel water oxygen and hydrogen Clean-up effect.
Currently, the steel ladle bottom argon blowing air brick used both at home and abroad be mostly it is processed by 1500 DEG C, not only burn into This height, and the production cycle is long, and correspondingly, production cost is higher.In order to shorten the production cycle, and reach energy-saving and emission-reduction, drop is originally The purpose of consumption reduction, some research institutions and enterprise both domestic and external have started the research for not burning steel ladle bottom argon blowing air brick, but into Exhibition and effect are all undesirable.At abroad, mainly saturating using steel ladle bottom argon blowing is not burnt by the Very few companies of representative of Vesuvius Gas brick technology, but they are added to steel fibre in product formula mostly, and the quality stability of product, but this are improved with this Sample one lessens the damage performance against corrosion of product.
Use slag making materials during refining potassium steel, can a degree of reduction pernicious gas, such as oxygen, hydrogen etc., But existing slag making materials, using becoming sticky, being hardened long afterwards, containment wall especially packet bead is easy to dross, can be in spite of wound in scarfing cinder Containment wall refractory material makes its service life decline to a great extent；Gluing steel slag really up to the mark excessively simultaneously makes temperature-measuring gun insertion bore become smaller, insertion tube Outer wall slagging shell becomes extremely difficult across slag blanket.Traditional method is to take the measure of skimming, and reduces thickness of slag layer.But it skims Can excessively make molten steel surface that secondary oxidation occur, while liquid steel temperature decline can be made to accelerate, can not also solve the excessively viscous impurity of slag without Method float and ladle not dry slag the problems such as, only alleviate the speed of steel wall dry slag.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of system for preparing high-purity potassium steel, to solve how to reduce oxygen, hydrogen content, improves Gao Meng The actual techniques problem of the comprehensive mechanical performance of steel.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of system preparing high-purity potassium steel, comprising: furnace shell (1), furnace lining (2), furnace wall layer (3), pedestal (4), gas Body diffuser (5), air brick (6), air inlet pipe (7), union (8), furnace body protect contact (9), contact holder (10), conducting wire (11), bell (12), flow regulator (13), pressure reducing valve (14), argon bottle (15), the furnace shell (1) are wrapped in furnace lining (2), Furnace lining (2) outer surface is provided with furnace wall layer (3), and the bottom of the furnace shell (1) is provided with pedestal (4), on the pedestal (4) Side is provided with gaseous diffuser (5) and air brick (6), and the air brick (6) is wrapped in gaseous diffuser (5), the air inlet pipe (7) it is connect with gaseous diffuser (5), the union (8) is connected and is fixed on pedestal (4), the furnace body with air inlet pipe (7) Contact (9), contact holder (10), conducting wire (11) is protected to form furnace lining protective device, furnace body protection contact (9) is embedded in In furnace lining (2), the contact holder (10) is connected with furnace body protection contact (9) by conducting wire (11), and the bell (12) sets It is placed in the top of the system of refining potassium steel, the air inlet pipe (7) connects flow regulator (13), the flow regulator (13) It connects pressure reducing valve (14), the pressure reducing valve (14) connects argon bottle (15)；
The air brick (6), as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: particle radius is the magnesium olive of 1.62-2.31mm 12-18 parts of forsterite sand that 30-42 parts of olive stone sand, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, particle radius 0.83-1.08mm 18-26 parts of forsterite sand, particle radius be 1.34-1.98mm 10-16 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius 0.92- 7-12 parts of fused magnesite that 5-9 parts of fused magnesite, the particle radius of 1.34mm is 0.75-0.92mm, particle radius 1.56- 12-18 parts of the corundum of 2.08mm, 5-8 parts of 4-7 parts of corundum, magnesium silicate cement, the particle radius that particle radius is 1.12-1.56mm Disperse water-reducing agent for 4-8 parts of 3-5 parts of sodium metasilicate, sodium permanganate, the additive 0.2-0.5 parts explosion-proof, polycarboxylic acids of 1.03-3.16nm 0.4-0.9 parts, 10-15 parts of water.
Further, the furnace wall layer (3) is layer of composite material resistant to high temperature.
Further, the layer of composite material resistant to high temperature by silicon carbide, aluminium oxide diamond dust and ferrosilicon material by weight Than being made of 5:3:2.
Further, the layer of composite material resistant to high temperature is with a thickness of 0.8cm.
Further, the air inlet pipe (7) is pressure-resistant rubber hose.
Further, the internal diameter of the pressure-resistant rubber hose is 0.3cm.
Further, furnace body protection contact (9) is made of nonmagnetic steel material.
Further, it states furnace body protection contact 9 and is provided with 6.
Further, the preparation method of the air brick, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: it by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1, is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 200-300r/min Premix is made in 20-25min；
S3, vibration moulding: by premix made from step S2 move into mold in, using hydraulic press at 100-120MPa at Air brick green compact are made in type；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 35-45 DEG C, and band mold conserves 4-8h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 30-32 DEG C and conserves 20-30h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 400-500 DEG C and is toasted 3-5 days, has been toasted At rear obtained air brick finished product.
Further, the system is applied to preparation high-purity potassium steel, comprising the following steps:
(1) knotting crucible: being mounted on system bottom for air brick as required, then uses furnace lining material and mold knotting earthenware Crucible, drying and sintering；
(2) gaseous diffuser is manufactured and designed according to electric induction furnace volume size, gaseous diffuser is by chromium, magnesia or corundum Refractory material is designed to optimize air-flow and have anti-metal with the molding of fluid pressure type high-temperature baking, its granularity of gaseous diffuser Penetrability；
(3) gaseous diffuser is mounted on induction furnace bottom centre, connects blowing argon gas system, blowing argon gas system is by argon gas Bottle, pressure reducing valve, flow regulator, pressure-resistant rubber hose, union, which are linked in sequence, to be formed；
(4) prepare material: by the chemical analysis requirement of cast steel water, weighing a variety of materials of melting cast steel water, it is spare；
(5) feed melting: melting in ready material step by step input furnace is cast when load melting formation molten bath When molten steel covered furnace bottom 31cm, flow regulator insufflation argon gas is started to open, argon gas participates in casting molten steel mistake by air brick Journey, as melting continues, the pressure and flow of blowing argon gas increase with the increase of cast steel water, and specific control process is as follows: preceding 8-13min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.2-6.4kg, argon flow in 16-17L/min；14-20min, blowing argon gas Pressure control is controlled in 6.5-6.7kg, argon flow in 17.1-17.3L/min；21-30min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure exist 6.8-7kg, argon flow are controlled in 17.4-17.6L/min；When 31min starts, Xiang Zhugang water surface covers slag making material Expect, additive amount 0.86-0.92kg/t.s, i.e., the slag making materials of 0.86-0.92 kilograms of addition in molten steel per ton；31- 52min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.3-6.5kg, argon flow in 17.2-17.4L/min；Until furnace charge is melting down, take Composition in sample analytical furnace；
(6) chemical analysis is adjusted: according to sampling analysis as a result, calculating and being added adjustment material to whole fusings；
(7) calm in furnace: power failure is calm after cast steel liquid reaches requirement temperature in furnace, continues blowing argon gas, makes cast steel liquid samming Homogeneous, impurity, gas sufficiently float, in conjunction with liquid level slag making materials；
(8) temperature control is tapped: high-purity potassium steel is made in control temperature, steel tapping casting.
Technical principle and effect of the invention:
(1) present invention uses high-quality furnace lining material knotting crucible, which has excellent high temperature resistant, resistance to heat shocks, Corrosion resistance is strong in smelting process, good permeability, and production safety is reliable.
(2) present invention uses induction furnace refining molten steel, in atmospheric conditions blowing argon gas, it is possible to reduce external refining equipment is thrown Money simplifies refinery practice operating process；Argon gas is a kind of inert gas, it is not dissolved in molten steel, is not also sent out with the element in steel It is biochemical reaction and form field trash, do not pollute molten steel；The air brick of argon gas through the invention is blown into molten steel, and air brick makes argon Bubble is tiny and full and uniform dispersion, and when argon gas passes through molten steel, [H] that dissolves in molten steel, [O] etc. can be spread automatically, enters Rise in Argon Bubble with bubble and excluded from molten steel, non-metallic inclusion is then adhered on inert gas, and conjugate is floating to steel Liquid surface, then adheres in slag making materials, thus cleaning molten steel；Blowing argon gas refining can uniform molten steel chemical analysis and molten steel temperature Degree；It since specific gravity of argon gas is big, is precipitated in molten steel after melting down, forms layer protecting film on molten steel face and cover molten steel.
(3) furnace lining protective device is arranged by increasing in the present invention, can achieve following effect:
1) can detecte inert gas in potassium steel liquid sublimate treatment process to the degradation degree of furnace lining, thus selection compared with Good inert gas pressure and flow, save the cost；
2) it can be precisely controlled the service life of furnace lining, when furnace bottom corrode point touch as caused by high temperature potassium steel water arrives When induction contact, early warning lining durability extremely, needs to change furnace lining；
It 3) can be with effective protection furnace body and a whole set of furnace's control system, when the potassium steel water exudation furnace lining of fusing is led with furnace shell When logical, contact holder is opened, and closes melt general supply in time, avoids wearing the generation of furnace accident.
(4) air brick of the system of present invention preparation high-purity potassium steel can form equally distributed thin stomata, Air permenbility It is slit, 1.5 times or more of disperse formula air brick, argon gas is spread in molten steel by countless stomatas, hence it is evident that improves molten steel Purifying rate, reduce the content of steel water oxygen and hydrogen；Solving scarfing cinder iron burning oxygen causes a small amount of straight gross porosity and argon gas to concentrate and lead to Molten steel is crossed quickly the problems such as running away on liquid level, hence it is evident that improve the purifying rate of molten steel.
(5) high-purity potassium steel preparation process of the invention, effectively reduces oxygen, hydrogen content, improves the comprehensive of potassium steel Close mechanical performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present invention preparation high-purity potassium steel system structure diagram.
Specific embodiment
It to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, is illustrated by following embodiment, these embodiments belong to of the invention Protection scope, but do not limit the scope of the invention.
The preparation process of the high-purity potassium steel, the design and processes ginseng including preparing high-purity potassium steel system The control of number, ingredient.
(1) design preparation high-purity potassium steel system
As shown in Figure 1, comprising: furnace shell 1, furnace lining 2, furnace wall layer (crucible) 3, pedestal 4, gaseous diffuser 5, air brick 6, into Tracheae 7, union 8, furnace body protection contact 9, contact holder 10, conducting wire 11, bell 12, flow regulator 13, pressure reducing valve 14, Argon bottle 15, the furnace shell 1 are wrapped in furnace lining 2, and 2 outer surface of furnace lining is provided with furnace wall layer 3, and the bottom of the furnace shell 1 is set It is equipped with pedestal 4, gaseous diffuser 5 and air brick 6 are provided with above the pedestal 4, the air brick 6 is wrapped in gaseous diffuser 5, the air inlet pipe 7 is connect with gaseous diffuser 5, and the union 8 is connected with air inlet pipe 7 and is fixed on pedestal 4, the furnace Body protects contact 9, contact holder 10, conducting wire 11 to form furnace lining protective device, and the furnace body protection contact 9 is embedded in furnace lining 2 Interior, the contact holder 10 is connected with furnace body protection contact 9 by conducting wire 11, and the bell 12 is set to refining potassium steel The top of system, the air inlet pipe 7 connect flow regulator 13, and the flow regulator 13 connects pressure reducing valve 14, the decompression Valve 14 connects argon bottle 15.
The furnace wall layer 3 is layer of composite material resistant to high temperature.
The layer of composite material resistant to high temperature is 5:3:2 by silicon carbide, aluminium oxide diamond dust and ferrosilicon material by weight It is made.
The layer of composite material resistant to high temperature is with a thickness of 0.8cm.
The air inlet pipe 7 is pressure-resistant rubber hose.
The internal diameter of the pressure-resistant rubber hose is 0.3cm.
The furnace body protection contact 9 is made of nonmagnetic steel material.
The furnace body protection contact 9 is provided with 6.
The air brick, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: particle radius is the magnesium olive of 1.62-2.31mm 12-18 parts of forsterite sand that 30-42 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, particle radius are 0.83-1.08mm's 10-16 parts of fused magnesite that 18-26 parts of forsterite sand, particle radius are 1.34-1.98mm, particle radius 0.92- 7-12 parts of fused magnesite that 5-9 parts of fused magnesite, the particle radius of 1.34mm is 0.75-0.92mm, particle radius 1.56- 12-18 parts of the corundum of 2.08mm, 5-8 parts of 4-7 parts of corundum, magnesium silicate cement, the particle radius that particle radius is 1.12-1.56mm Disperse water-reducing agent for 4-8 parts of 3-5 parts of sodium metasilicate, sodium permanganate, the additive 0.2-0.5 parts explosion-proof, polycarboxylic acids of 1.03-3.16nm 0.4-0.9 parts, 10-15 parts of water；
Forsterite sand MgO: >=the 43.46% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；SiO2: 36.81-39.72%；
Fused magnesite MgO: >=the 98.12% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；
The emergy Al of described two variable grain radiuses2O3: >=97.43%；
The explosion-proof additive is explosion-proof fiber, and using polypropylene as raw material, fiber number is 10-18 danier, and length is 3.21-6.02mm；
The preparation method of the air brick, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: it by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1, is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 200-300r/min Premix is made in 20-25min；
S3, vibration moulding: by premix made from step S2 move into mold in, using hydraulic press at 100-120MPa at Air brick green compact are made in type；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 35-45 DEG C, and band mold conserves 4-8h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 30-32 DEG C and conserves 20-30h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 400-500 DEG C and is toasted 3-5 days, has been toasted At rear obtained air brick finished product.
Air brick technology of preparing principle and effect of the present invention:
(1) forsterite sand is basic refractory, has high temperature resistant, anti-etch, good chemical stability, the sand Refractoriness (1710 DEG C) with higher and anti-metal oxidative attack ability expand slowly under high-temperature, and are less than deformation, do not have There are the characteristics of expanding suddenly, good thermal shock, casting is not easy to produce main folder sand defect.
(2) the advantages that fused magnesite is basic refractory, has compact structure, and resistance to slag is strong, good thermal shock stability.
(3) corundum is basic refractory, has volume stability good, and minimum reheating is shunk, and good thermal shock is stablized The advantages that property and bending strength.
(4) magnesium silicate cement is used as a kind of adhesive.
(5) sodium metasilicate is nanometer materials, after air brick introduces nanometer sodium metasilicate, is formed and is evenly distributed inside air brick Micro- stomata, this can effectively prevent crackle in use process and continues to spread, to improve air brick toughness, reduces and peel off, reach To the purpose improved service life, the ability that molten steel is corroded and washed away is resisted in use and is obviously improved, it is ventilative after the completion to pour steel Brick surface dry slag seldom even not dry slag, anti-strip effect is good, and this reduces the labor intensity of field worker, brings good Good social benefit.
(6) sodium permanganate is added when preparing air brick, the sodium permanganate of addition can decompose during brickmaking, in blank Gas is generated inside system, is made rich in hole inside blank, so that the gas permeability of product be made to further increase.
(7) explosion-proof additive is explosion-proof fiber, it is uniformly mixed with other refractory materials, after forming, is toasted, with Baking temperature constantly increases, and fiber starts softening, shrinks, fusing when reaching certain temperature, eventually forms stomata and is carbonized, it In air brick distribution form small network stomata, it can open air vent channel, mitigate internal stress, prevent from bursting, thus Improve the safety coefficient in refining process.
(8) polycarboxylic acids is added and disperses water-reducing agent, play the role of dispersion, make magnesium silicate cement, nanometer sodium metasilicate, Gao Meng Sour sodium, explosion-proof additive are fully dispersed, in addition also reduce the amount of water in air brick manufacturing process, have saved water resource, add Fast rate of drying, shortens the production cycle of air brick.
(9) the straight stomata of air brick of the invention is few, angle of wetting is big, not permeable steel, anti-melting loss, can increase substantially air brick Service life improves the turnover rate of ladle and the service life of tank lining, reduces to reduce the replacement number of air brick The labor intensity of field worker and pollution to environment.
(10) air brick of the invention can form equally distributed thin stomata, and Air permenbility is slit, disperse formula air brick 1.5 times or more, argon gas is spread in molten steel by countless stomatas, hence it is evident that the purifying rate for improving molten steel reduces in molten steel The content of oxygen and hydrogen；Solving scarfing cinder iron burning oxygen causes a small amount of straight gross porosity and argon gas to be concentrated through molten steel and run away on liquid level quickly The problems such as, hence it is evident that improve the purifying rate of molten steel.
(11) air brick of the invention can avoid generating gap and the ventilative vertical masonry joint of brick body because melting when air brick iron sheet high temperature It penetrates into molten steel and causes bleed-out accident, improve the safety coefficient in refining process.
(12) air brick is made using forsterite sand, fused magnesite, corundum etc. as alkaline refractory raw material in the present invention, with Molten steel is not susceptible to the advantage of chemical reaction, selects main material of the magnesium carbon materials matter as ladle air brick, utilizes hydraulic press Big pressure and pressure uniformity when molding, preparation density is big, compression strength is big air brick, solve air brick make the service life it is short, Worker must repeatedly replace the problems such as air brick, reduce labor intensity of workers, guarantee that ladle continuously has enough to meet the need and save steel-making fire resisting Material cost.
(13) present invention is using the different solid forsterite sand of particle radius, fused magnesite, corundum ball as main bone The air brick for expecting production, does not add any pore creating material, utilizes the forsterite sand, fused magnesite, corundum ball of variable grain radius Body theory of close packing constitutes the disperse stomata of connection, and forsterite sand, fused magnesite, corundum ball shape are different from common magnesium olive Particle made of olive stone sand, fused magnesite, corundum are broken, it has purity is high, high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant, hot almost close to sphere The features such as stability is good is shaken, therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention can satisfy using the air brick that these raw materials produce.
(14) air brick of the invention solve in product, low temperature intensity it is low, there are intensity inflection points for medium temperature；Product is each The volume of temperature section is unstable, and crackle is easy to produce in use process；Use of the using effect of product than being burnt into product is not burnt The technical problems such as effect difference.
(15) air brick of the invention is suitable with firing product with service performance, and reduced firing cost >=1300 yuan/ The advantages that ton, production cycle >=5 day of shortening.
(16) air brick prepared by the present invention is through detecting: flexural strength conservation rate is 76.3-85.1%, 1100 DEG C of water coolings Thermal shock > 47 time, service life > 35 time.
(2) control of high-purity potassium steel technological parameter, ingredient is prepared
The use technique simplified process for preparing high-purity potassium steel system is as follows:
Knotting crucible --- manufactures and designs gaseous diffuser --- connection blowing argon gas system --- preparing material --- charging --- adjustment chemical analysis is --- calm in furnace ---, and temperature control goes out molten steel for melting.
Specific implementation method:
(1) knotting crucible: being mounted on system bottom for air brick as required, then uses furnace lining material and mold knotting earthenware Crucible, drying and sintering；
(2) gaseous diffuser is manufactured and designed according to electric induction furnace volume size, gaseous diffuser is by chromium, magnesia or corundum Refractory material is designed to optimize air-flow and have anti-metal with the molding of fluid pressure type high-temperature baking, its granularity of gaseous diffuser Penetrability；
(3) gaseous diffuser is mounted on induction furnace bottom centre, connects blowing argon gas system, blowing argon gas system is by argon gas Bottle, pressure reducing valve, flow regulator, pressure-resistant rubber hose, union, which are linked in sequence, to be formed；
(4) prepare material: by the chemical analysis requirement of cast steel water, weighing a variety of materials of melting cast steel water, it is spare；
(5) feed melting: melting in ready material step by step input furnace is cast when load melting formation molten bath When molten steel covered furnace bottom 31cm, flow regulator insufflation argon gas is started to open, argon gas participates in casting molten steel mistake by air brick Journey, as melting continues, the pressure and flow of blowing argon gas increase with the increase of cast steel water, and specific control process is as follows: preceding 8-13min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.2-6.4kg, argon flow in 16-17L/min；14-20min, blowing argon gas Pressure control is controlled in 6.5-6.7kg, argon flow in 17.1-17.3L/min；21-30min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure exist 6.8-7kg, argon flow are controlled in 17.4-17.6L/min；When 31min starts, Xiang Zhugang water surface covers slag making material Expect, additive amount 0.86-0.92kg/t.s, i.e., the slag making materials of 0.86-0.92 kilograms of addition in molten steel per ton；31- 52min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.3-6.5kg, argon flow in 17.2-17.4L/min；Until furnace charge is melting down, take Composition in sample analytical furnace；
(6) chemical analysis is adjusted: according to sampling analysis as a result, calculating and being added adjustment material to whole fusings；
(7) calm in furnace: power failure is calm after cast steel liquid reaches requirement temperature in furnace, continues blowing argon gas, makes cast steel liquid samming Homogeneous, impurity, gas sufficiently float, in conjunction with liquid level slag making materials；
(8) temperature control is tapped: high-purity potassium steel, using spectrum analysis, the height is made in control temperature, steel tapping casting Pure high manganese steel, based on mass percentage, including following component: Mn, 0.3- of C, 15.0-22.0% of 0.80-1.80% Mo, 0.02- of Cr, 0.05-2.8% of S, 0.03-3.5% of P, 0.02-0.04% of 0.9% Si, 0.012-0.045% O, 0.0002- of Al, 0.0007-0.0013% of Cu, 0.014-0.096% of 2.5% Ni, 0.06-2.3% 0.00045% H, remaining micronutrient levels≤0.94%, surplus Fe.
The ingredient of the high-purity potassium steel is acted on or is influenced:
C is the essential element for influencing steel alloy hardness and toughness, and carbon amounts is high, then carbide quantity is more, the hardness of steel alloy Height, but toughness reduces, it is easily broken in use；And carbon amounts is low, then toughness is higher, but carbide quantity is reduced, and hardness reduces, no Content conducive to abrasion, therefore carbon needs strict control.
The main function of Mn is refinement metallic matrix, but excessively high Mn content will make occur austenite in Cast Steels, no Conducive to anti impact wear-proof, therefore Mn content needs strict control.
Si is the essential element for improving carbide structure and form, and Si amount is high to facilitate the MC that eutectic carbide is in high rigidity Type structure helps to improve carbide morphology, but excessively high si content will reduce toughness, therefore Si content is also required to strictly control System.
P is harmful element, increases the cold brittleness of steel, welding performance is made to degenerate, and reduces plasticity, cold-bending property is made to degenerate, because This reduces the quality that P content is conducive to improve product.
S is harmful element, so that steel is generated red brittleness, reduces the ductility and toughness of steel, cause to split in forging and rolling Line, therefore reduce the quality that S content is conducive to improve product.
Cr amount is high, easily forms M3C7 type carbide, is conducive to improve its wearability, but excessively high Cr amount can make the tough of cast steel Property reduce, and production cost is excessively high, therefore Cr content is also required to strict control.
The main function of Mo is thinning microstructure, improves the intensity and toughness of matrix, increases the harden ability of steel, therefore Mo content needs Want strict control.
Ni can improve the intensity of steel, and good plasticity and toughness, Ni is kept to have higher corrosion resistance to soda acid, There are antirust and temperature capacity at high temperature.
Outstanding role of the Cu in steel is the weather-resistant performance for improving ordinary low-alloy steel, is especially made with phosphorus cooperation Used time, Cu, which is added, can also improve the intensity and yield ratio of steel, and be not adversely influenced to welding performance.
Al can refine the grain structure of steel, suppress the timeliness of mild steel, improve the toughness of steel at low temperature, moreover it is possible to improve steel Inoxidizability, improve wearability and fatigue strength of steel etc..
O is one of the element of the segregation tendency most serious in the process of setting of steel, in the solidification and subsequent cooling of molten steel In the process, the solubility of O sharply declines, and most O of steel Central Plains dissolution are with microinclusions such as iron O compound, sulphur O compounds Form is enriched with γ or α grain boundaries, these microinclusions will cause embrittlement of grain boundaries, make to hold in the processing and use process of steel The starting point for easily becoming grain boundary separation eventually leads to steel and brittle break occurs.
The increase of O content can reduce the ductility, impact flexibility, antifatigue destructive characteristics of steel in steel, improve the tough-crisp of steel Inversion temperature reduces the corrosion resistance of steel.In addition, the steel containing O high are also easy to that aging occurs, in high temperature process Since the impurity segregation of grain boundaries forms low melting point nethike embrane, steel is caused to generate hot-short.Therefore O content is reduced to be conducive to improve production The quality of product.
Steel in cooling procedure H can also diffusional precipitation, since diffusion velocity is very slow in solid steel, only minimal amount spread To continuous casting billet (or steel ingot) surface, majority is to diffuse into the aperture in microscopic pores or near field trash or on crystal boundary, Form H molecule.Since constantly KH value very little, pH2 but very greatly, cause the interior of steel to H molecule under the place aggregation of precipitation, low temperature Stress.This internal stress has been more than the strength degree of steel along with the summation of structural stress, thermal stress, distortional stress etc., will Rupture forms crackle.Therefore the quality that H content is conducive to improve product is reduced.
Using above method melting, can uniformly cast steel liquid chemical analysis and casting molten steel temperature, improve cast steel liquid metallurgy matter Amount.
Slag making materials described in step (5), as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 25-53 parts of atlapulgite powder, 7-13 parts of talcum powder, 10-16 parts of palygorskite powder, 4-6 parts of montmorillonite powder, 32-64 parts of calcium lime powder, 9-15 parts of fluorspar powder, mineral wool 5-8 parts, 1-2 parts of adhesive；
The quality index of the atlapulgite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 59.16-62.34%；Al2O3: 17.24-18.36%； MgO:3.61-5.44%；CaO:1.65-2.09%；Granularity is 800-1000 mesh；
The quality index of the talcum powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 58.34-62.01%；MgO:27.52-31.36%；Granularity For 1200-1300 mesh；
The quality index of the palygorskite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 52.68-56.96%；MgO:23.83-27.19%；Grain Degree is 1000-1100 mesh；
The quality index of the montmorillonite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 55.17-65.28%；Al2O3: 12.31-25.43%；Grain Degree is 800-1000 mesh；
The quality index of the calcium lime powder raw material are as follows: CaO: >=96.32%；Granularity is 600-800 mesh；
The quality index of the fluorite powder raw material are as follows: CaF2: >=72.36%；Granularity is 600-800 mesh；
Described adhesive is tapioca；Granularity is 400-600 mesh；
The preparation method of the slag making materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) in parts by weight, by atlapulgite powder, talcum powder, palygorskite powder, montmorillonite powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder, Blender is added in mineral wool, adhesive, while adding 22-30 parts of water, stirs 1-1.5h at revolving speed 300-500r/min, is made uniform Slurry；
(2) uniform sizing material made from step (1) is added in mold, it is 0.8- that partial size is made after vacuum filtering shape process The particle of 1.2cm；
(3) particle made from step (2) is sent into baking oven, dry 8-10h, is made slag making materials at 82-93 DEG C.
The technical principle and effect of slag making materials of the present invention:
(1) atlapulgite main chemical compositions are aluminum oxide, silica, water and a small amount of iron, magnesium, calcium etc., are to use Clay (mainly bentonite) is raw material, is handled through inorganic acidifying, then through water rinsing, dry manufactured adsorbent, there is higher suction Attached property performance is conducive to adsorb the impurities such as oxygen, the hydrogen in molten steel.Furthermore atlapulgite is heated to 300 DEG C or more and just starts to lose Decrystallize water, and structure is made to change, therefore has lower fusing point.(2) talcum powder, which has, helps stream, fire resistance, strong adsorption force Etc. excellent physical characteristic, be conducive to adsorb the impurities such as oxygen, the hydrogen in molten steel.It is main to contain magnesia and silica, additionally contain The impurity such as aluminium oxide, fusing point are about 800 DEG C, and fusing point is lower.(3) palygorskite has very big specific surface area and adsorption capacity, very Good rheological characteristic and catalytic performance, meanwhile, there is ideal colloidal property and heat resistance, be a kind of preferable adsorbent material, Be conducive to adsorb the impurities such as oxygen, the hydrogen in molten steel.It is also heat-barrier material and expanding material, the fuel factor in heating process: 90- 150 DEG C, lose absorption water and zeolite water；240-300 DEG C, lose the crystallization water；450-520 DEG C, lattice watter is lost, exothermic effect exists It is the material of low melting point between 900-1000 DEG C.(4) montmorillonite is to press from both sides one layer altogether by two layers of tetrahedral si-o film that top couples altogether Aluminium (magnesium) oxygen (hydrogen-oxygen) octahedral sheet of rib connection, constitutes silicate mineral of the 2:1 type containing the crystallization water, is that a kind of good heat is swollen Swollen material, volume can increase after heating, have very strong adsorption capacity and cation exchange property, be conducive to adsorb in molten steel The impurities such as oxygen, hydrogen.(5) the CaO component of calcium lime powder can control ladle basicity of slag in slag making materials, be to realize molten steel desulfurizing The important constituent element of pollution is reoxidized with reduction molten steel.Too high or too low CaO content cannot all control slag making materials well Basicity.(6) in slag making materials montmorillonite etc. SiO2Component is another key factor of slag making materials basicity control, in slag SiO2Content needs strict control, and the too high or too low control for all influencing slag making materials basicity and slag making materials are to field trash Suction-operated.(7) in slag making materials atlapulgite Al2O3The control of content is ideal mainly for having slag making materials It is had an important influence on to the adsorption capacity of field trash in molten steel, and to physical property such as the mobility of slag making materials.Excessively high Al2O3Contain Amount can make Al2O3Into new field trash is formed in molten steel, deteriorate slag making materials physical property, too low Al2O3Content can then make to be mingled with The suction-operated of object weakens, it is therefore desirable to strict control Al2O3Content.(8) in slag making materials fluorspar powder CaF2It is to improve The physical property of ladle slag reduces its fusing point and viscosity, improves its mobility, thus be conducive to the progress of metallurgical reaction, it is excessively high CaF2Content can make slag making materials too dilute, influence the service life of refractory material, to slag making materials basicity and field trash adsorption capacity It is also unfavorable to control.(9) in slag making materials the MgO protection ladle liner of talcum powder refractory material, reduce ladle slag to ladle and The erosion of RH processing unit refractory material, excessively high content of MgO make slag making materials viscosity too big, be unfavorable for metallurgical reaction into The purpose of protection refractory material is then not achieved in row, too low content of MgO.(10) it is de- that palygorskite, illiteracy are added in slag making materials component The intumescent materials such as stone and mineral wool, and slag making materials are made to the light thermal-insulation granulated that can directly launch in molten steel slag layer surface Formula persistently keeps the temperature in favor of being suspended in liquid level, efficiently reduces scattering and disappearing for molten steel skin temperature, thus do not have to ladle covering agent, Production cost is effectively reduced；(11) contain low melting point, the atlapulgite powder of high activity, talcum powder, slope thread in slag making materials component Mountain flour, montmorillonite powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder are conducive to slough the impurities such as hydrogen, the oxygen in molten steel, reduce the nocuousness in steel The content of element and impurity reaches slag absorbing effect, greatly improves the quality of molten steel, is conducive to that high-purity wear-resistant material is made, together When reduce slag making materials dosage, reduce cost.(12) present invention uses atlapulgite powder, talcum powder, palygorskite powder, montmorillonite Slag making materials prepared by powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder have the advantages that low melting point, high activity, and the additive amount in molten steel per ton is only For 0.82-0.95kg, production cost is greatly reduced.
It is illustrated below by more specific embodiment.
(1) research and development of air brick
Embodiment 1
A kind of air brick, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: particle radius is the magnesium olive of 1.62-2.31mm The magnesium olive that 12 parts of forsterite sand that 32 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, particle radius are 0.87-1.08mm The fused magnesite 6 that 11 parts of fused magnesite that 20 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.34-1.79mm, particle radius are 0.92-1.34mm Part, particle radius be 0.81-0.92mm 12 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius be 1.56-2.08mm 12 parts of corundum, particle half 3 parts of sodium metasilicate that 4 parts of the corundum that diameter is 1.07-1.56mm, 5 parts of magnesium silicate cement, particle radius are 1.52-2.94nm, Gao Meng 5 parts of sour sodium, 0.2 part of explosion-proof additive, polycarboxylic acids disperse 0.4 part of water-reducing agent, 12 parts of water；
Forsterite sand MgO: >=the 43.46% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；SiO2: 36.92-39.27%；
Fused magnesite MgO: >=the 98.35% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；
The emergy Al of described two variable grain radiuses2O3: >=97.61%；
The explosion-proof additive is explosion-proof fiber, and using polypropylene as raw material, fiber number is 10-17 danier, and length is 3.58-5.67mm；
The preparation method of the air brick, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: it by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1, is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 200r/min Premix is made in 25min；
S3, vibration moulding: premix made from step S2 being moved into mold, is formed at 100MPa using hydraulic press, Air brick green compact are made；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 35 DEG C, and band mold conserves 8h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 30 DEG C and conserves 30h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 400 DEG C and is toasted 5 days, is made after the completion of baking Obtain air brick finished product.
Embodiment 2
A kind of air brick, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: particle radius is the magnesium olive of 1.62-2.06mm The magnesium olive that 16 parts of forsterite sand that 36 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, particle radius are 0.94-1.08mm The fused magnesite 8 that 14 parts of fused magnesite that 22 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.34-1.76mm, particle radius are 0.92-1.34mm Part, particle radius be 0.81-0.92mm 10 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius be 1.56-1.96mm 15 parts of corundum, particle half 4 parts of sodium metasilicate that 6 parts of the corundum that diameter is 1.35-1.56mm, 6 parts of magnesium silicate cement, particle radius are 1.23-3.07nm, Gao Meng 6 parts of sour sodium, 0.4 part of explosion-proof additive, polycarboxylic acids disperse 0.6 part of water-reducing agent, 13 parts of water；
Forsterite sand MgO: >=the 46.02% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；SiO2: 36.92-39.04%；
Fused magnesite MgO: >=the 98.25% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；
The emergy Al of described two variable grain radiuses2O3: >=97.68%；
The explosion-proof additive is explosion-proof fiber, and using polypropylene as raw material, fiber number is 12-16 danier, and length is 3.35-5.86mm；
The preparation method of the air brick, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: it by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1, is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 300r/min Premix is made in 23min；
S3, vibration moulding: premix made from step S2 being moved into mold, is formed at 120MPa using hydraulic press, Air brick green compact are made；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 42 DEG C, and band mold conserves 6h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 31 DEG C and conserves 26h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 460 DEG C and is toasted 4 days, is made after the completion of baking Obtain air brick finished product.
Embodiment 3
A kind of air brick, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: particle radius is the magnesium olive of 1.62-1.98mm The magnesium olive that 17 parts of forsterite sand that 40 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, particle radius are 0.92-1.08mm The fused magnesite 8 that 15 parts of fused magnesite that 24 parts of stone sand, particle radius are 1.34-1.76mm, particle radius are 0.92-1.34mm Part, particle radius be 0.79-0.92mm 12 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius be 1.56-1.83mm 16 parts of corundum, particle half 5 parts of sodium metasilicate that 7 parts of the corundum that diameter is 1.57-1.56mm, 8 parts of magnesium silicate cement, particle radius are 1.76-3.02nm, Gao Meng 8 parts of sour sodium, 0.4 part of explosion-proof additive, polycarboxylic acids disperse 0.9 part of water-reducing agent, 15 parts of water；
Forsterite sand MgO: >=the 45.01% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；SiO2: 37.38-39.04%；
Fused magnesite MgO: >=the 98.25% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；
The emergy Al of described two variable grain radiuses2O3: >=98.01%；
The explosion-proof additive is explosion-proof fiber, and using polypropylene as raw material, fiber number is 12-18 danier, and length is 3.71-5.63mm；
The preparation method of the air brick, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: it by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1, is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 300r/min Premix is made in 20min；
S3, vibration moulding: premix made from step S2 being moved into mold, is formed at 110MPa using hydraulic press, Air brick green compact are made；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 42 DEG C, and band mold conserves 8h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 32 DEG C and conserves 20h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 500 DEG C and is toasted 3 days, is made after the completion of baking Obtain air brick finished product.
Comparative example 1
Prepare that air brick technique is essentially identical with embodiment 2, have only unlike prepare and lack in the raw material of air brick 16 parts of forsterite sand that 36 parts of the forsterite sand that particle radius is 1.62-2.06mm, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, Fused magnesite 14 part, that 22 parts of the forsterite sand that particle radius is 0.94-1.08mm, particle radius are 1.34-1.76mm Grain radius be 0.92-1.34mm 8 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius be 0.81-0.92mm 10 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius 6 parts of corundum that 15 parts of corundum, particle radius for 1.56-1.96mm are 1.35-1.56mm.
Comparative example 2
Prepare that air brick technique is essentially identical with embodiment 2, have only unlike prepare and lack in the raw material of air brick 16 parts of forsterite sand that 36 parts of the forsterite sand that particle radius is 1.62-2.06mm, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm, Particle radius is 22 parts of forsterite sand of 0.94-1.08mm.
Comparative example 3
Prepare that air brick technique is essentially identical with embodiment 2, have only unlike prepare and lack in the raw material of air brick 8 parts of fused magnesite that 14 parts of the fused magnesite that particle radius is 1.34-1.76mm, particle radius are 0.92-1.34mm, particle half Diameter is 10 parts of fused magnesite of 0.81-0.92mm.
Comparative example 4
Prepare that air brick technique is essentially identical with embodiment 2, have only unlike prepare and lack in the raw material of air brick 6 parts of corundum that 15 parts of the corundum that particle radius is 1.56-1.96mm, particle radius are 1.35-1.56mm.
Comparative example 5
Prepare that air brick technique is essentially identical with embodiment 2, have only unlike prepare and lack in the raw material of air brick Particle radius is 4 parts of sodium metasilicate of 1.23-3.07nm.
Comparative example 6
Prepare that air brick technique is essentially identical with embodiment 2, have only unlike prepare and lack in the raw material of air brick Sodium permanganate.
Comparative example 7
Using China apply for a patent document " air brick for magnesia carbon ladle and its production method (application number: 200710012906.5) " method of embodiment 4 prepares air brick, specific as follows: by 70% fused magnesite, 14% crystalline flake graphite, 8% sintering plate corundum, 4% partially stabilized zirconia, 3% antioxidant metal Al powder, 1% antioxidant CaB6 Powder, 0.5% antioxidant B4C powder be uniformly mixed, the thermosetting phenolic resin of additional 5% liquid is used as bonding agent, mixed Practice 40 minutes, until whole materials are uniformly pug；Plastic strip is installed in mold according to stomata arrangement form；It will be kneaded Pug be added in mold, formed at 200MPa using equal pressing equipment；It is heat-treated 24 hours through 200 DEG C；Utilize lathe Green body is subjected to turning by drawing size, after turning is dry, obtains ventilative tile product according to the packaging technology assembling of air brick.
Wherein the fused magnesite is MgO 96-98%, granularity < 5mm；
Wherein the sintering plate corundum is Al2O399.5-99.8%, granularity < 2mm；
Wherein the partially stabilized zirconia is the stable ZrO of CaO293-95%, granularity < 0.088mm；
Wherein the crystalline flake graphite is C 96-98%, granularity < 0.15mm；
The wherein thermosetting phenolic resin of the bonding agent to be under room temperature be liquid, Residual carbon 45-48%.
The air brick of air brick obtained by example 1-3 and comparative example 1-7 are subjected to mechanical property, thermal shock resistance detection, The specific detection method is as follows:
1. mechanical property: according to YB/T5201 to test specimen through 110 DEG C for 24 hours, cold crushing strength after 1550 DEG C of 3h heat treatment It is detected；
2. thermal shock resistance: by sample after 1100 DEG C of heat preservation 20min, it is anti-to measure its remnants after 3 times repeatedly by air-cooled 15min Intensity is rolled over, and calculates the flexural strength conservation rate after thermal shock；With the flexural strength conservation rate (strength retention=thermal shock after thermal shock Flexural strength × 100% before flexural strength/thermal shock afterwards) evaluate the thermal shock resistance of material；
Air brick obtained by example 1-3 and the air brick of comparative example 5 are subjected to gas permeability, resistance to slag corrosion detection, tool Body detecting method is as follows:
1. gas permeability: according to YB/T5200, to test specimen, through 110 DEG C, apparent porosity is examined for 24 hours, after 1550 DEG C of 3h heat treatments It surveys；
2. resistance to slag corrosion: sample being fitted into 1#-10# crucible respectively, then granularity < 0.5mm LF furnace finishing slag is taken to be packed into The dress quantity of slag of 1#-10# crucible, each crucible is 120g, naturally cools to room after 1600 DEG C of heat preservation 4h are warming up in electric furnace Temperature then takes out sample and sample is symmetrically cut to two halves, measures depth of erosion；Its value is smaller, then resistance to slag corrosion is better.
The above testing result is as shown in the table:
As seen from the above table: (1) by the data of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 7 as it can be seen that the mechanics of the air brick of embodiment 1-3 Performance, thermal shock resistance, gas permeability, resistance to slag corrosion are superior to the prior art；Simultaneously by the data of embodiment 1-3 as it can be seen that implementing Example 2 is optimum embodiment.
(2) by embodiment 2 and the data of comparative example 1-4 as it can be seen that forsterite sand, the electric-melting magnesium of variable grain radius sphere Sand, corundum play synergistic effect in preparing air brick, and collaboration improves the compression strength of air brick and flexural strength is kept Rate, this is: forsterite sand is basic refractory, have good high temperature resistant, anti-etch, chemical stability, high compressive strength and The advantages that flexural strength conservation rate, sand refractoriness with higher (1710 DEG C) and anti-metal oxidative attack ability, in high temperature The lower expansion of degree slowly, and is less than deformation, and the characteristics of expansion suddenly, good thermal shock, casting is not easy to produce main folder sand defect.Electricity Fused magnesia is basic refractory, has compact structure, resistance to slag is strong, good thermal shock stability, high compressive strength and flexural strength The advantages that conservation rate.Corundum is basic refractory, has volume stability good, and minimum reheating is shunk, and good thermal shock is steady The advantages that qualitative and compression strength and flexural strength conservation rate.Using the different solid forsterite sand of particle radius, electric-melting magnesium The air brick that sand, corundum ball make as main aggregate, does not add any pore creating material, utilizes the forsterite of variable grain radius Sand, fused magnesite, corundum sphere theory of close packing constitute the disperse stomata of connection, forsterite sand, fused magnesite, corundum ball Shape is different from particle made of common forsterite sand, fused magnesite, corundum are crushed, it almost close to sphere, utilizes difference The forsterite sand of particle radius spherical shape, fused magnesite, corundum improve ventilative preparing the synergistic effect in air brick, collaboration The compression strength and flexural strength conservation rate of brick.
(3) by the data of embodiment 2 and comparative example 5 as it can be seen that lacking nanoscale sodium metasilicate as the former material for preparing air brick Material, affects the raising of compression strength and flexural strength conservation rate, this is: after air brick introduces nanometer sodium metasilicate, air brick Inside forms micro- stomata for being evenly distributed, this can effectively prevent crackle in use process and continues to spread, to improve pressure resistance Degree and flexural strength conservation rate improve air brick toughness, reduce and peel off, achieve the purpose that improve service life.
(4) by the data of embodiment 2 and comparative example 6 as it can be seen that lacking sodium permanganate as the raw material for preparing air brick, shadow The raising of apparent porosity is rung, this is: sodium permanganate being added when preparing air brick, the sodium permanganate of addition can be in brickmaking process Baking in decompose, generate gas inside blank system, make rich in hole inside blank, to make the gas permeability of product into one Step improves, and improves apparent porosity.
(2) research and development of slag making materials
Embodiment 4
A kind of slag making materials, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 42 parts of atlapulgite powder, 10 parts of talcum powder, slope 12 parts of thread mountain flour, 5 parts of montmorillonite powder, 55 parts of calcium lime powder, 13 parts of fluorspar powder, 7 parts of mineral wool, 1.6 parts of adhesive；
The quality index of the atlapulgite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 60.52%；Al2O3: 17.94%；MgO:4.85%； CaO:1.79%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the talcum powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 59.67%；MgO:29.05%；Granularity is 1300 mesh；
The quality index of the palygorskite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 55.78%；MgO:25.61%；Granularity is 1100 mesh；
The quality index of the montmorillonite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 63.74%；Al2O3: 24.61%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the calcium lime powder raw material are as follows: CaO:96.5%；Granularity is 800 mesh；
The quality index of the fluorite powder raw material are as follows: CaF2: 72.91%；Granularity is 800 mesh；
Described adhesive is tapioca；Granularity is 600 mesh；
The preparation method of the slag making materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) in parts by weight, by atlapulgite powder, talcum powder, palygorskite powder, montmorillonite powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder, Blender is added in mineral wool, adhesive, while adding 28 parts of water, stirs 1h at revolving speed 500r/min, and uniform sizing material is made；
(2) uniform sizing material made from step (1) is added in mold, it is 1.1cm that partial size is made after vacuum filtering shape process Particle；
(3) particle made from step (2) is sent into baking oven, dry 9h, is made slag making materials at 92 DEG C.
Product is through physical detection: fusing point is 1362 DEG C.
Slag making materials made from embodiment 4 are subjected to steel-making actual use.Dosage is 0.82kg/ tons of steel.Through observing: product Auxiliary malleability is good, and can really connect to react with residue reduces residue fusing point and viscosity, and temperature-measuring gun can penetrate slag blanket rapid survey easily Liquid steel temperature；Simultaneously using after the slag making materials, the temperature drop of covering and heat insulating agent more simple than raw steel packet, average every furnace steel is 3.4 DEG C few； Slag mobility is improved, link of skimming is reduced, removes containment wall dross.It can be seen that slag making materials fusing point made from embodiment 4 is low, It is active high.
Embodiment 5
A kind of slag making materials, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 27 parts of atlapulgite powder, 7 parts of talcum powder, slope 10 parts of thread mountain flour, 4 parts of montmorillonite powder, 34 parts of calcium lime powder, 9 parts of fluorspar powder, 7 parts of mineral wool, 1 part of adhesive；
The quality index of the atlapulgite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 59.16%；Al2O3: 18.36%；MgO:5.44%； CaO:2.09%；Granularity is 800 mesh；
The quality index of the talcum powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 62.01%；MgO:27.52%；Granularity is 1200 mesh；
The quality index of the palygorskite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 52.68%；MgO:27.19%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the montmorillonite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 65.28%；Al2O3: 12.31%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the calcium lime powder raw material are as follows: CaO:96.32%；Granularity is 600 mesh；
The quality index of the fluorite powder raw material are as follows: CaF2: 72.36%；Granularity is 600 mesh；
Described adhesive is tapioca；Granularity is 500 mesh；
The preparation method of the slag making materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) in parts by weight, by atlapulgite powder, talcum powder, palygorskite powder, montmorillonite powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder, Blender is added in mineral wool, adhesive, while adding 23 parts of water, stirs 1.5h at revolving speed 300r/min, and uniform sizing material is made；
(2) uniform sizing material made from step (1) is added in mold, it is 0.8cm that partial size is made after vacuum filtering shape process Particle；
(3) particle made from step (2) is sent into baking oven, dry 10h, is made slag making materials at 82 DEG C.
Product is through physical detection: fusing point is 1397 DEG C.
Slag making materials made from embodiment 5 are subjected to steel-making actual use.Dosage is 0.95kg/ tons of steel.Through observing: product Auxiliary malleability is good, and can really connect to react with residue reduces residue fusing point and viscosity, and temperature-measuring gun can penetrate slag blanket rapid survey easily Liquid steel temperature；Simultaneously using after the slag making materials, the temperature drop of covering and heat insulating agent more simple than raw steel packet, average every furnace steel is 4.6 DEG C few； Slag mobility is improved, link of skimming is reduced, removes containment wall dross.It can be seen that slag making materials fusing point made from embodiment 5 is low, It is active high.
Embodiment 6
A kind of slag making materials, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 50 parts of atlapulgite powder, 12 parts of talcum powder, slope 16 parts of thread mountain flour, 6 parts of montmorillonite powder, 64 parts of calcium lime powder, 15 parts of fluorspar powder, 8 parts of mineral wool, 2 parts of adhesive；
The quality index of the atlapulgite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 62.34%；Al2O3: 17.24%；MgO:3.61%； CaO:1.65%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the talcum powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 58.34%；MgO:31.36%；Granularity is 1200 mesh；
The quality index of the palygorskite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 53.47%；MgO:23.98%；Granularity is 1100 mesh；
The quality index of the montmorillonite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 65.28%；Al2O3: 12.31%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the calcium lime powder raw material are as follows: CaO:97.26%；Granularity is 700 mesh；
The quality index of the fluorite powder raw material are as follows: CaF2: 78.15%；Granularity is 800 mesh；
Described adhesive is tapioca；Granularity is 400 mesh；
The preparation method of the slag making materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) in parts by weight, by atlapulgite powder, talcum powder, palygorskite powder, montmorillonite powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder, Blender is added in mineral wool, adhesive, while adding 27 parts of water, stirs 1 at revolving speed 500r/min, and uniform sizing material is made；
(2) uniform sizing material made from step (1) is added in mold, it is 1.2cm that partial size is made after vacuum filtering shape process Particle；
(3) particle made from step (2) is sent into baking oven, dry 8h, is made slag making materials at 93 DEG C.
Product is through physical detection: fusing point is 1381 DEG C.
Slag making materials made from embodiment 6 are subjected to steel-making actual use.Dosage is 0.86kg/ tons of steel.Through observing: product Auxiliary malleability is good, and can really connect to react with residue reduces residue fusing point and viscosity, and temperature-measuring gun can penetrate slag blanket rapid survey easily Liquid steel temperature；Simultaneously using after the slag making materials, the temperature drop of covering and heat insulating agent more simple than raw steel packet, average every furnace steel is 4.1 DEG C few； Slag mobility is improved, link of skimming is reduced, removes containment wall dross.It can be seen that slag making materials fusing point made from embodiment 6 is low, It is active high.
(3) research of design preparation high-purity potassium steel system and preparation high-purity potassium steel technological parameter, ingredient
Embodiment 7
As shown in Figure 1, comprising: furnace shell 1, furnace lining 2, furnace wall layer (crucible) 3, pedestal 4, gaseous diffuser 5, air brick 6, into Tracheae 7, union 8, furnace body protection contact 9, contact holder 10, conducting wire 11, bell 12, flow regulator 13, pressure reducing valve 14, Argon bottle 15, the furnace shell 1 are wrapped in furnace lining 2, and 2 outer surface of furnace lining is provided with furnace wall layer 3, and the bottom of the furnace shell 1 is set It is equipped with pedestal 4, gaseous diffuser 5 and air brick 6 are provided with above the pedestal 4, the air brick 6 is wrapped in gaseous diffuser 5, the air inlet pipe 7 is connect with gaseous diffuser 5, and the union 8 is connected with air inlet pipe 7 and is fixed on pedestal 4, the furnace Body protects contact 9, contact holder 10, conducting wire 11 to form furnace lining protective device, and the furnace body protection contact 9 is embedded in furnace lining 2 Interior, the contact holder 10 is connected with furnace body protection contact 9 by conducting wire 11, and the bell 12 is set to refining potassium steel The top of system, the air inlet pipe 7 connect flow regulator 13, and the flow regulator 13 connects pressure reducing valve 14, the decompression Valve 14 connects argon bottle 15.
The furnace wall layer 3 is layer of composite material resistant to high temperature.
The layer of composite material resistant to high temperature is 5:3:2 by silicon carbide, aluminium oxide diamond dust and ferrosilicon material by weight It is made.
The layer of composite material resistant to high temperature is with a thickness of 0.8cm.
The air inlet pipe 7 is pressure-resistant rubber hose.
The internal diameter of the pressure-resistant rubber hose is 0.3cm.
The furnace body protection contact 9 is made of nonmagnetic steel material.
The furnace body protection contact 9 is provided with 6.
The air brick is prepared using the technique of optimum embodiment 2, specific as follows: air brick is as unit of parts by weight, packet Include following raw material: the magnesium olive that 36 parts of the forsterite sand that particle radius is 1.62-2.06mm, particle radius are 1.08-1.62mm The electric smelting that 22 parts of forsterite sand that 16 parts of olive stone sand, particle radius are 0.94-1.08mm, particle radius are 1.34-1.76mm The fused magnesite 10 that 8 parts of fused magnesite that 14 parts of magnesia, particle radius are 0.92-1.34mm, particle radius are 0.81-0.92mm Part, particle radius be 1.56-1.96mm 15 parts of corundum, particle radius be 1.35-1.56mm 6 parts of corundum, magnesium silicate cement 6 Part, particle radius subtract for 0.4 part of 6 parts of 4 parts of sodium metasilicate, sodium permanganate, the explosion-proof additive of 1.23-3.07nm, polycarboxylic acids dispersion 0.6 part of aqua, 13 parts of water；
Forsterite sand MgO: >=the 46.02% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；SiO2: 36.92-39.04%；
Fused magnesite MgO: >=the 98.25% of three kinds of variable grain radiuses；
The emergy Al of described two variable grain radiuses2O3: >=97.68%；
The explosion-proof additive is explosion-proof fiber, and using polypropylene as raw material, fiber number is 12-16 danier, and length is 3.35-5.86mm；
The preparation method of the air brick, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: it by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1, is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 300r/min Premix is made in 23min；
S3, vibration moulding: premix made from step S2 being moved into mold, is formed at 120MPa using hydraulic press, Air brick green compact are made；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 42 DEG C, and band mold conserves 6h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 31 DEG C and conserves 26h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 460 DEG C and is toasted 4 days, is made after the completion of baking Obtain air brick finished product.
The use technique simplified process for preparing high-purity potassium steel system is as follows:
Knotting crucible --- manufactures and designs gaseous diffuser --- connection blowing argon gas system --- preparing material --- charging --- adjustment chemical analysis is --- calm in furnace ---, and temperature control goes out molten steel for melting.
Specific implementation method:
(1) knotting crucible: being mounted on system bottom for air brick as required, then uses furnace lining material and mold knotting earthenware Crucible, drying and sintering；
(2) gaseous diffuser is manufactured and designed according to electric induction furnace volume size, gaseous diffuser is by chromium, magnesia or corundum Refractory material is designed to optimize air-flow and have anti-metal with the molding of fluid pressure type high-temperature baking, its granularity of gaseous diffuser Penetrability；
(3) gaseous diffuser is mounted on induction furnace bottom centre, connects blowing argon gas system, blowing argon gas system is by argon gas Bottle, pressure reducing valve, flow regulator, pressure-resistant rubber hose, union, which are linked in sequence, to be formed；
(4) prepare material: by the chemical analysis requirement of cast steel water, having weighed a variety of materials of melting cast steel water, comprising: is useless Steel, high carbon ferromanganese, electrolytic manganese, chromic carbide iron, molybdenum-iron, ferronickel, copper, it is spare；
(5) feed melting: melting in ready material step by step input furnace is cast when load melting formation molten bath When molten steel covered furnace bottom 31cm, flow regulator insufflation argon gas is started to open, argon gas participates in casting molten steel mistake by air brick Journey, as melting continues, the pressure and flow of blowing argon gas increase with the increase of cast steel water, and specific control process is as follows: preceding 8-13min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.2-6.4kg, argon flow in 16-17L/min；14-20min, blowing argon gas Pressure control is controlled in 6.5-6.7kg, argon flow in 17.1-17.3L/min；21-30min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure exist 6.8-7kg, argon flow are controlled in 17.4-17.6L/min；When 31min starts, Xiang Zhugang water surface covers slag making material Expect, additive amount 0.86kg/t.s, i.e., the slag making materials of 0.86 kilogram of addition in molten steel per ton；31-52min, Argon air pressure Power control is controlled in 6.3-6.5kg, argon flow in 17.2-17.4L/min；Until furnace charge is melting down, composition in sampling analysis furnace；
(6) chemical analysis is adjusted: according to sampling analysis as a result, calculating and being added adjustment material to whole fusings；
(7) calm in furnace: power failure is calm after cast steel liquid reaches requirement temperature in furnace, continues blowing argon gas, makes cast steel liquid samming Homogeneous, impurity, gas sufficiently float, in conjunction with liquid level slag making materials；
(8) temperature control is tapped: high-purity potassium steel, using spectrum analysis, the height is made in control temperature, steel tapping casting Pure high manganese steel, based on mass percentage, including following component: 1.32% C, 20.13% Mn, 0.56% Si, 0.038% P, 0.027% S, 2.45% Cr, 1.98% Mo, 1.53% Ni, 2.06% Cu, 0.071% Al, 0.00081% O, 0.00032% H, remaining micronutrient levels are 0.73%, surplus Fe.
Using above method melting, can uniformly cast steel liquid chemical analysis and casting molten steel temperature, improve cast steel liquid metallurgy matter Amount.
Slag making materials described in step (5) are prepared using the technique of optimum embodiment 4, and specific as follows: slag making materials are with weight Amount part is unit, including following raw material: 42 parts of atlapulgite powder, 10 parts of talcum powder, 12 parts of palygorskite powder, 5 parts of montmorillonite powder, life 55 parts of pulverized limestone, 13 parts of fluorspar powder, 7 parts of mineral wool, 1.6 parts of adhesive；
The quality index of the atlapulgite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 60.52%；Al2O3: 17.94%；MgO:4.85%； CaO:1.79%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the talcum powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 59.67%；MgO:29.05%；Granularity is 1300 mesh；
The quality index of the palygorskite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 55.78%；MgO:25.61%；Granularity is 1100 mesh；
The quality index of the montmorillonite powder raw material are as follows: SiO2: 63.74%；Al2O3: 24.61%；Granularity is 1000 mesh；
The quality index of the calcium lime powder raw material are as follows: CaO:96.5%；Granularity is 800 mesh；
The quality index of the fluorite powder raw material are as follows: CaF2: 72.91%；Granularity is 800 mesh；
Described adhesive is tapioca；Granularity is 600 mesh；
The preparation method of the slag making materials, comprising the following steps:
(1) in parts by weight, by atlapulgite powder, talcum powder, palygorskite powder, montmorillonite powder, calcium lime powder, fluorspar powder, Blender is added in mineral wool, adhesive, while adding 28 parts of water, stirs 1h at revolving speed 500r/min, and uniform sizing material is made；
(2) uniform sizing material made from step (1) is added in mold, it is 1.1cm that partial size is made after vacuum filtering shape process Particle；
(3) particle made from step (2) is sent into baking oven, dry 9h, is made slag making materials at 92 DEG C.
Comparative example 8
It is essentially identical with the preparation high-purity potassium steel technique of embodiment 7, have the air brick difference the difference is that using only, The air brick used prepares gained for the technique of comparative example 7.
Comparative example 9
It is essentially identical with the preparation high-purity potassium steel technique of embodiment 7, have only unlike use slag making materials not Together, using Chinese patent literature " a kind of Ultra-low aluminum steel refining pre-melted slag and preparation method and application method (application number: 201310668245.7) " method of embodiment 3 prepares slag making materials.
Comparative example 10
It is essentially identical with the preparation high-purity potassium steel technique of embodiment 7, it has only the difference is that in step (5) charging melting It cleans without blowing argon gas.
The comprehensive mechanical performance and oxygen, hydrogen content of the potassium steel of embodiment 7, comparative example 8-10 production are detected, tied Fruit is as follows:
Note: tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage, ballistic work are detected using the relevant regulations of GB/T5680-2010；Oxygen, Hydrogen content is detected using spectrum analysis.
As seen from the above table: (1) by the data of embodiment 7 and comparative example 8 as it can be seen that using air brick different, it will influence high Comprehensive mechanical performance and oxygen, the hydrogen content of manganese steel, this may be that the air brick used prepares gained for the technique of comparative example 7, obtain The air brick apparent porosity arrived is too low, and blowing argon gas is caused to be not enough, and reduces the comprehensive mechanical performance of potassium steel and improves Oxygen, hydrogen content.
(2) by the data of embodiment 7 and comparative example 9 as it can be seen that using slag making materials different, it will influence the synthesis of potassium steel Mechanical performance and oxygen, hydrogen content, this may be in the slag making materials of use containing the ingredient that deaerating effect is good, the very few institute of dehydrogenation ingredient It causes.
(3) by the data of embodiment 7 and comparative example 10 as it can be seen that cleaning in charging fusion process without blowing argon gas, it will The comprehensive mechanical performance and oxygen, hydrogen content of potassium steel are influenced, this is:
Argon gas is a kind of inert gas, it is not dissolved in molten steel, also chemical reaction does not occur with the element in steel and is formed Field trash does not pollute molten steel；The air brick of argon gas through the invention is blown into molten steel, air brick keep Argon Bubble tiny and it is abundant Even dispersion, when argon gas passes through molten steel, [H] that dissolves in molten steel, [O] etc. can be spread automatically, into Argon Bubble in on bubble It rises and is excluded from molten steel, non-metallic inclusion is then adhered on inert gas, then conjugate is adhered to and made floating to molten steel surface In residue material, so that cleaning molten steel, reduces oxygen, hydrogen content, improves the comprehensive mechanical performance of potassium steel.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of system for preparing high-purity potassium steel characterized by comprising furnace shell (1), furnace lining (2), furnace wall layer (3), bottom Seat (4), gaseous diffuser (5), air brick (6), air inlet pipe (7), union (8), furnace body protect contact (9), contact holder (10), conducting wire (11), bell (12), flow regulator (13), pressure reducing valve (14), argon bottle (15), the furnace shell (1) are wrapped in Furnace lining (2), furnace lining (2) outer surface are provided with furnace wall layer (3), and the bottom of the furnace shell (1) is provided with pedestal (4), described It is provided with gaseous diffuser (5) and air brick (6) above pedestal (4), the air brick (6) is wrapped in gaseous diffuser (5), institute Air inlet pipe (7) to be stated to connect with gaseous diffuser (5), the union (8) is connected with air inlet pipe (7) and is fixed on pedestal (4), Furnace body protection contact (9), contact holder (10), conducting wire (11) form furnace lining protective device, and the furnace body protects contact (9) it is embedded in furnace lining (2), the contact holder (10) is connected with furnace body protection contact (9) by conducting wire (11), the furnace Lid (12) is set to the top of the system of refining potassium steel, and the air inlet pipe (7) connects flow regulator (13), the flow tune Device (13) connection pressure reducing valve (14) is saved, the pressure reducing valve (14) connects argon bottle (15)；
The air brick, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: particle radius is the forsterite sand of 1.62-2.31mm 30-42 parts, particle radius be 1.08-1.62mm 12-18 parts of forsterite sand, particle radius be 0.83-1.08mm magnesium olive 10-16 parts of fused magnesite that 18-26 parts of olive stone sand, particle radius are 1.34-1.98mm, particle radius are 0.92-1.34mm's 7-12 parts of fused magnesite that 5-9 parts of fused magnesite, particle radius are 0.75-0.92mm, particle radius are the rigid of 1.56-2.08mm 4-7 parts of the corundum that 12-18 parts beautiful, particle radius is 1.12-1.56mm, 5-8 parts of magnesium silicate cement, particle radius 1.03- 4-8 parts of 3-5 parts of sodium metasilicate, the sodium permanganate of 3.16nm, additive 0.2-0.5 parts explosion-proof, polycarboxylic acids disperse water-reducing agent 0.4-0.9 Part, 10-15 parts of water.
2. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the furnace wall layer (3) is resistance to The layer of composite material of high temperature.
3. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the synthesis material resistant to high temperature The bed of material is made by weight of 5:3:2 of silicon carbide, aluminium oxide diamond dust and ferrosilicon material.
4. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the synthesis material resistant to high temperature Thickness of feed layer is 0.8cm.
5. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air inlet pipe (7) is resistance to Press rubber tube.
6. it is according to claim 5 preparation high-purity potassium steel system, which is characterized in that the pressure-resistant rubber hose it is interior Diameter is 0.3cm.
7. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the furnace body protects contact (9) it is made of nonmagnetic steel material.
8. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the furnace body protects contact 9 It is provided with 6.
9. the system of preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the preparation side of the air brick Method, comprising the following steps:
S1, ingredient: aforementioned component and parts by weight preparation raw material are pressed；
S2, premix: by the prepared raw material merging pre-mixing apparatus of step S1,20- is stirred in the case where revolving speed is 200-300r/min Premix is made in 25min；
S3, vibration moulding: premix made from step S2 being moved into mold, is formed at 100-120MPa using hydraulic press, Air brick green compact are made；
S4, curing in the mold: air brick green compact made from step S3 are placed at 35-45 DEG C, and band mold conserves 4-8h；
S5, demoulding: it after the completion of step S4 band mold maintenance, demoulds at normal temperature, air brick green body is made；
S6, maintenance: air brick green body made from step S5 is placed at 30-32 DEG C and conserves 20-30h；
S7, baking: the air brick green body after the completion of step S6 maintenance is placed at 400-500 DEG C and is toasted 3-5 days, after the completion of baking Air brick finished product is made.
10. the systems of -9 described in any item preparation high-purity potassium steel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described is System is applied to preparation high-purity potassium steel, comprising the following steps:
(1) knotting crucible: being mounted on system bottom for air brick as required, then uses furnace lining material and mold knotting crucible, Drying and sintering；
(2) gaseous diffuser is manufactured and designed according to electric induction furnace volume size, gaseous diffuser is by chromium, magnesia or corundum fireproof With the molding of fluid pressure type high-temperature baking, its granularity of gaseous diffuser is designed to optimize air-flow and penetrate with anti-metal material Property；
(3) gaseous diffuser is mounted on induction furnace bottom centre, connects blowing argon gas system, blowing argon gas system by argon bottle, subtract Pressure valve, flow regulator, pressure-resistant rubber hose, union, which are linked in sequence, to be formed；
(4) prepare material: by the chemical analysis requirement of cast steel water, weighing a variety of materials of melting cast steel water, it is spare；
(5) feed melting: by melting in ready material step by step input furnace, when load melting formation molten bath, i.e. and cast steel water When covering furnace bottom 31cm, flow regulator insufflation argon gas is started to open, argon gas participates in casting molten steel process by air brick, with Melting continue, the pressure and flow of blowing argon gas increases with the increase of cast steel water, and specific control process is as follows: preceding 8- 13min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.2-6.4kg, argon flow in 16-17L/min；14-20min, Argon air pressure Power control is controlled in 6.5-6.7kg, argon flow in 17.1-17.3L/min；21-30min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure exist 6.8-7kg, argon flow are controlled in 17.4-17.6L/min；When 31min starts, Xiang Zhugang water surface covers slag making material Expect, additive amount 0.86-0.92kg/t.s, i.e., the slag making materials of 0.86-0.92 kilograms of addition in molten steel per ton；31- 52min, the control of Argon atmospheric pressure are controlled in 6.3-6.5kg, argon flow in 17.2-17.4L/min；Until furnace charge is melting down, take Composition in sample analytical furnace；
(6) chemical analysis is adjusted: according to sampling analysis as a result, calculating and being added adjustment material to whole fusings；
(7) calm in furnace: power failure is calm after cast steel liquid reaches requirement temperature in furnace, continues blowing argon gas, makes cast steel liquid samming homogeneous, Impurity, gas sufficiently float, in conjunction with liquid level slag making materials；
(8) temperature control is tapped: high-purity potassium steel is made in control temperature, steel tapping casting.
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CN110592315A (en) * 2019-09-06 2019-12-20 洪荣州 Combined ladle refining furnace of many materials
CN110747312A (en) * 2019-09-06 2020-02-04 洪荣州 Combined electric arc furnace of many materials
CN113587641A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-02 西安建筑科技大学 Method for improving gas circulation uniformity of vertical tube furnace
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