CN113387687B - Dry material for working layer of steelmaking tundish - Google Patents
Dry material for working layer of steelmaking tundish Download PDFInfo
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- CN113387687B CN113387687B CN202110758958.7A CN202110758958A CN113387687B CN 113387687 B CN113387687 B CN 113387687B CN 202110758958 A CN202110758958 A CN 202110758958A CN 113387687 B CN113387687 B CN 113387687B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
- C04B35/043—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
- C04B35/047—Refractories from grain sized mixtures containing chromium oxide or chrome ore
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/02—Linings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/62204—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products using waste materials or refuse
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/71—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents
- C04B35/78—Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents containing non-metallic materials
- C04B35/80—Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like
- C04B35/82—Asbestos; Glass; Fused silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3201—Alkali metal oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an environment-friendly dry material for a working layer of a steelmaking tundish, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12 to 16 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 5 to 3mm, 25 to 30 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 3 to 1mm, 21 to 27 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 1 to 0mm, 22 to 28 percent of 95 magnesite with the mesh of 200, 3.2 to 4.2 percent of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 1.7 to 2.3 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of chromium slag powder and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of chopped glass fiber. The invention does not contain carbon component, meets the requirements of on-site production working conditions under the conditions of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature, and overcomes the defect of insufficient low-temperature strength when the conventional tundish inorganic bonding agent is used; in the baking and using process, harmful volatile smoke is not generated, the workshop working environment is favorably improved, and the working conditions of operators are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refractory materials, in particular to a dry material for a working layer of a steelmaking tundish.
Background
The dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish has the advantages of short ladle-baking time, high construction efficiency, good slag resistance, multiple use furnaces and the like, so that the dry material is rapidly developed and popularized in the steelmaking process. At present, dry materials for a tundish working layer are mainly magnesium and magnesium-calcium, the application range of the dry materials is limited due to the difficult-to-solve hydration problem of the dry materials, the dry materials are only used in a small range of part of special steel types, and most of the dry materials belong to a magnesium system.
However, the binding agent widely used in the current tundish magnesium system dry material is carbon-containing phenolic resin, and during the baking and using processes, irritant and harmful gases such as cresol, formaldehyde, xylenol and the like are released, so that great harm is brought to the workshop environment and the physical health of staff. Therefore, the development of environment-friendly dry materials is a problem which is urgently needed to be solved at present.
Chinese patent document (application number: 202010881983. X) discloses a preparation method of green environment-friendly dry material with high slag corrosion resistance and the dry material with high slag corrosion resistance. The method comprises the following steps: recovering waste zirconium carbon slag strand, and crushing to obtain regenerated zirconium carbon slag strand; according to the weight portion, 65-85 portions of magnesia, 8-15 portions of regenerated zirconium carbon slag wire material, 1-5 portions of light-burned alumina A powder, 5-13 portions of bonding agent and 3-5 portions of additive are mixed to prepare the green environment-friendly dry material with high slag corrosion resistance. The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an environment-friendly dry material with high slag corrosion resistance and the dry material with high slag corrosion resistance, so that an expensive zirconia raw material is reasonably recycled, the high slag corrosion resistance of zirconia is fully exerted, the casting life of a continuous casting tundish is prolonged, the cost of refractory per ton of steel consumption is reduced, the pollution of the refractory to molten steel is reduced, and the quality of a casting blank is improved. However, the binder in this document is still phenol resin powder, and the problem of contamination during use is not solved.
Patent document (application number: 201410478184.2) discloses an energy-saving and environment-friendly tundish dry material and a preparation method thereof. The adopted technical scheme is as follows: according to the theoretical content of 50-80wt% of MgO and 15-45wt% of CaO, 50-70wt% of mixture granular material of 3-0mm magnesite and limestone, 25-45wt% of mixture powder of less than 0.088mm magnesite and slaked lime, 0.5-10wt% of mixing agent of silicon micropowder and borax and 5-15wt% of binding agent are mixed, stirred, vibrated and formed, baked at 220-320 ℃, and demoulded to obtain the tundish dry working lining material. The invention has simple process, convenient construction, low cost, environmental protection and energy saving; the prepared energy-saving environment-friendly tundish dry working lining has the characteristics of excellent metallurgical effect and easy disintegration after use. However, in the document, the binder is formed by compounding glucose and an inorganic binder, and the content of the binder is high, so that the problem of recarburization of molten steel caused by carbon introduction of a dry material cannot be solved.
Patent document CN103011862A (application number: 201210553421.8) discloses an environment-friendly carbon-free tundish dry material, which comprises: 87.4 to 95 percent of magnesia, 0.2 to 1.5 percent of silicon metal powder, 0.2 to 1.5 percent of bentonite, 3 to 9 percent of environment-friendly bonding agent and 0 to 0.6 percent of phenolic resin. The document adopts magnesia as a main raw material, and replaces solid phenolic resin with an environment-friendly bonding agent formed by mixing two of calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, aluminum potassium sulfate and sodium sulfate containing crystal water according to a ratio of 1. However, the binder in this document is still phenol resin powder, and the problem of contamination during use is not solved.
Patent document (application number: 201110059291.8) discloses an environment-friendly tundish dry material, which can solve the problems of pollution to the environment, unfavorable steel making and environmental requirements and the like caused by a large amount of harmful irritant gas generated by solid phenolic resin in the prior art. The technical scheme of the invention is that the environment-friendly tundish dry material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 87-96% of at least one of magnesite or forsterite, 1-5% of rosin, 1-5% of hydrous silicate, 0-2% of alumina fine powder, 0-1% of boron glass, 0-1% of silica micropowder and 0-0.5% of phosphate. The invention adopts the rosin and the hydrous silicate as the composite binder, integrates the advantages of the two binders, ensures that the dry material has baking and demolding strength comparable to that of a resin-bonded dry material, does not introduce a large amount of low-melting substances influencing the high-temperature performance of the dry material, and ensures that the dry material has the characteristics of environmental protection and long service life. However, in the document, the binder is compounded by using rosin and an inorganic binder, and the problem of recarburization of molten steel caused by carbon introduction of a dry material cannot be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dry material for a working layer of a steelmaking tundish, which is used for solving the problems that a bonding agent releases irritant harmful gas, carbon is contained to cause recarburization of molten steel, the dust amount is large in the construction process and the like in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a dry material for a working layer of a steelmaking tundish, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12 to 16 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 5 to 3mm, 25 to 30 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 3 to 1mm, 21 to 27 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 1 to 0mm, 22 to 28 percent of 95 magnesite with the diameter of 200 meshes, 3.2 to 4.2 percent of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 1.7 to 2.3 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of chromium slag powder and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of chopped glass fiber; the 91-magnesium sand refers to fused magnesia with the MgO content being more than or equal to 91 percent, and the 95-magnesium sand refers to fused magnesia with the MgO content being more than or equal to 95 percent.
Preferably, the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 14 percent of 91 magnesite with the grain size of 5-3mm, 28 percent of 3-1mm of 91 magnesite, 25 percent of 1-0mm of 91 magnesite, 25 percent of 95 magnesite 200 meshes, 3.7 percent of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 2.0 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate, 2.0 percent of chromium slag powder and 0.3 percent of chopped glass fiber.
Preferably, in the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish, the total mass fraction of the sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and the sodium hexametaphosphate is not less than 5% and not more than 6.5%.
Preferably, in the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish, the sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is in industrial grade, and the granularity is more than or equal to 80 meshes; the sodium hexametaphosphate is of industrial grade.
Preferably, in the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish, the granularity of the chromium slag powder is not less than 325 meshes, wherein the total mass fraction of the chromium oxide, the aluminum oxide and the silicon dioxide is not less than 90%, and the mass fraction of the chromium oxide is 13-17%.
Preferably, in the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish, the chopped glass fiber is alkali-free chopped glass fiber, the average length is 6mm, and the average diameter is less than or equal to 5 mu m. The chopped glass fiber is mainly used for enhancing the low-temperature bending resistance and the compressive strength of the dry material, and the phenomenon that the dry material is brought up after a tire membrane is lifted or transverse cracks occur in a dry material layer due to insufficient strength is avoided, so that the service life of the dry material is prolonged.
Preferably, the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish is used, and the vibration time of a tire membrane is 45-60 s when the dry material is subjected to vibration molding; when low-temperature baking is carried out, the temperature of the internal space of the baked tire membrane is more than or equal to 350 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish does not contain carbon components, and can meet the use requirement of special low-carbon fine steel on non-carbonization in the steelmaking process link; the use and operation requirements under the working condition of on-site production are met in the aspects of the rupture strength and the compressive strength under the conditions of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature, and the defect of insufficient low-temperature strength when the conventional tundish inorganic bonding agent is used is overcome; in the baking and using process, harmful volatile smoke gas can not be generated, the working environment of a workshop can be favorably improved, and the working condition of an operator can be improved.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly understand the technical content of the present invention, the following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention and are not used as a limitation of the present invention.
The raw materials referred to in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available products.
Examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4
The dry material for the working layer of the steel-making tundish of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 raw material composition of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4%
The dry materials for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were prepared into samples according to GB/T4513.5. The test of volume density, linear change rate, flexural strength and compressive strength is carried out according to the test method in GB/T4513.6. The slag resistance is judged by adopting a static crucible method, and the permeation resistance and the erosion resistance of the refractory material on the middle section of the crucible are observed. The test results are listed in table 2.
TABLE 2 test results of examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4
From a comparison of the data in tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that: the dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish has the advantages of no carbon, no irritant harmful gas release in the ladle baking process and good construction performance, can meet the use requirement of special low-carbon fine steel on no carbonization in the steelmaking process link, improves the working condition of operators, improves the working environment of a workshop, and can meet the production and use requirements under low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature strength.
In comparative example 1, the content of 91 magnesite grains with the grain size of 5-3mm is 21%, and the content of chromium slag powder is 1.2%, so that the dry material has more gaps, the slag resistance of the dry material is insufficient, and the phenomena of partial permeation and small amount of erosion are shown.
In comparative example 2, the content of 91 magnesite 5-3mm is 7%, which is low, so that the linear change rate of the dry material shrinks too much under the condition of 1550 ℃/3 h; meanwhile, the total mass fraction of the sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and the sodium hexametaphosphate is 7.2 percent, the content is large, and the slag resistance of the dry material is reduced. The test result shows that the linear change rate of the dry material under the condition of 1550 ℃/3h is-2.63%, the slag resistance is insufficient, and the phenomena of severe permeation and small amount of erosion are shown.
In the comparative example 3, the content of the sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is 2.7 percent, so that the low-temperature rupture strength of the dry material is insufficient, and the use requirement of the field working condition cannot be met.
In comparative example 4, the content of sodium hexametaphosphate is 1.4 percent, the content is low, and chopped glass fiber is not added, so that the low-temperature rupture strength of the dry material is insufficient, and the use requirement of the field working condition cannot be met.
Claims (5)
1. The dry material for the working layer of the steelmaking tundish is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12 to 16 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 5 to 3mm, 25 to 30 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 3 to 1mm, 21 to 27 percent of 91 magnesite with the diameter of 1 to 0mm, 22 to 28 percent of 95 magnesite with the diameter of 200 meshes, 3.2 to 4.2 percent of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 1.7 to 2.3 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate, 1.5 to 2.5 percent of chromium slag powder and 0.1 to 0.5 percent of chopped glass fiber;
the total mass fraction of the sodium metasilicate nonahydrate and the sodium hexametaphosphate is not less than 5% and not more than 6.5%; the total mass fraction of the chromium oxide, the aluminum oxide and the silicon dioxide in the chromium slag powder is more than or equal to 90 percent, and the mass fraction of the chromium oxide is 13 to 17 percent; the chopped glass fiber is alkali-free chopped glass fiber, the average length is 6mm, and the average diameter is less than or equal to 5 mu m.
2. The dry material as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 14 percent of 91 magnesite with the grain size of 5-3mm, 28 percent of 3-1mm of 91 magnesite, 25 percent of 1-0mm of 91 magnesite, 25 percent of 95 magnesite 200 meshes, 3.7 percent of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 2.0 percent of sodium hexametaphosphate, 2.0 percent of chromium slag powder and 0.3 percent of chopped glass fiber.
3. The dry material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the sodium metasilicate nonahydrate is technical grade, and the particle size is not less than 80 meshes; the sodium hexametaphosphate is of industrial grade.
4. The dry material as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the particle size of the chromium slag powder is not less than 325 mesh.
5. The dry material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the time for which the carcass is vibrated is 45 to 60 seconds when the vibration molding is performed; when low-temperature baking is carried out, the temperature of the internal space of the baked tire membrane is more than or equal to 350 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
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| CN114836062B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2024-04-16 | 上海利尔耐火材料有限公司 | Tundish magnesia phosphorus-free coating |
| CN116023159A (en) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-04-28 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Fiber reinforced magnesia dry material for tundish for smelting variety steel |
| CN115974565A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-04-18 | 马鞍山利尔开元新材料有限公司 | Carbon-free dry vibration material for continuous casting tundish and preparation method thereof |
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| CN100339170C (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-09-26 | 河北理工大学 | Dry type working liner material for erosion resistance continuous casting tundish |
| CN101823888A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2010-09-08 | 天津大学 | Working lining for continuous cast steel tundish with environmental-friendly binder |
| CN102120704B (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2013-07-10 | 山东中齐耐火材料有限公司 | Environmentally-friendly tundish dry material |
| CN108658586A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-16 | 伊川县华银耐火材料有限公司 | A kind of dry materials and preparation method thereof for continuous casting production |
| CN112194465B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-06-17 | 北京利尔高温材料股份有限公司 | Tundish dry material and preparation method thereof |
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