CN115888254A - Photo-thermal filter material, preparation method thereof and air purifier - Google Patents
Photo-thermal filter material, preparation method thereof and air purifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN115888254A CN115888254A CN202211715853.4A CN202211715853A CN115888254A CN 115888254 A CN115888254 A CN 115888254A CN 202211715853 A CN202211715853 A CN 202211715853A CN 115888254 A CN115888254 A CN 115888254A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of filter materials, and provides a photo-thermal filter material, a preparation method thereof and an air purifier. The photothermal filter material comprises a base material and a photothermal agent loaded on the surface of the base material or dispersed in the base material, wherein the photothermal agent is a semiconductor polymer, and the content of the photothermal agent in the photothermal filter material is 2-40g/m 2 . The preparation method of the photo-thermal filter material is used for preparing the photo-thermal filter material and comprises the following steps: blending the photo-thermal agent and the base material to prepare a photo-thermal filter material; or soaking the filter material made of the base material into a solution containing a photo-thermal agent to enable the photo-thermal agent to be loaded on the surface of the filter material, and then drying. Air purifier includes foretell light and heat filter media. The photo-thermal filter material provided by the invention can achieve the effect of killing when the temperature rises after being illuminatedKilling microorganisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of filter materials, in particular to a photo-thermal filter material, a preparation method thereof and an air purifier.
Background
Indoor air generally contains various substances which are uncomfortable or harmful to the human body, such as dust, pollen, cigarette smoke, exhaled air, and the like. Since the room inside the room is closed, it is likely that these harmful substances in the air remain in the room. Therefore, it is necessary to open a window in a proper room to provide natural ventilation. However, in areas with severe air pollution, or in the house and workplace of users with pollen allergy, natural ventilation cannot be performed as expected. In this case, the air purifier having an air purifying function is widely used to purify indoor air.
In the related art, when the indoor humidity is increased, the surface of the filter screen of the air purifier provides proper conditions for the propagation of the gathered microorganisms, and the metabolism of the microorganisms inevitably generates various types of Volatile gases (MVOC). Meanwhile, microorganisms such as mold spores and bacteria easily live and propagate on the filter screen with high humidity, so that the purification capacity of the air purifier for gaseous pollutants and biological pollutants is obviously reduced, and the purification effect of the air purifier is influenced.
In the prior art, various plant extracts and inorganic materials are incorporated into air filtration systems to achieve antimicrobial properties. For example, CN112191024A discloses an antibacterial material for air filtration systems to inactivate microorganisms in the air. The plant extract, porous carrier, surfactant and binder solution are mixed and the fibers are modified to eliminate particle growth on the air filter. The CN114271280A patent discloses modifying agents using a combination of a water-insoluble antimicrobial agent, a thickener, a plasticizer and a binder. The thickening agent, the plasticizer and the adhesive are added into the water-insoluble antibacterial agent and/or the water-soluble antibacterial agent, so that the stability of the antibacterial agent in the antibacterial composition can be improved, the antibacterial agent can be uniformly and stably dispersed in the mixed solution, the antibacterial and mildewproof effects can be better exerted, the thickening agent and the plasticizer are added, the antibacterial agent has the migration capability, not only can harmful bacteria on the surface of the filter material be removed, but also harmful bacteria in filter material dust or particulate matters can be removed, and the service life of the filter material attached with the antibacterial composition can be effectively prolonged.
The bioaerosol particles captured on the air filtration media are deactivated by the biochemical toxicity provided by the incorporated antimicrobial agent. There is also a need to develop an antimicrobial air filter that physically inactivates trapped microorganisms, thereby providing a defense mechanism against which the microorganisms cannot develop resistance.
In view of this, the invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photo-thermal filter material, a preparation method thereof and an air purifier.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a photothermal filter material, which comprises a substrate and a photo-thermal agent loaded on the surface of the substrate or dispersed in the substrate, wherein the photo-thermal agent is a semiconductor polymer, and the content of the photo-thermal agent in the photothermal filter material is 2-40g/m 2 。
In alternative embodiments, the semiconductive polymer comprises at least one of polydopamine, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene;
preferably, the photothermal agent is mesoporous polydopamine.
In an alternative embodiment, the photothermal agent is supported on the surface of the substrate.
In an alternative embodiment, the substrate is PET.
In an alternative embodiment, the preparation method of mesoporous polydopamine comprises the following steps:
adding dopamine and a catalyst into a mixed solution containing a template agent and a pore-expanding agent, fully reacting, separating out a precipitate, and washing the precipitate to obtain the mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles.
In an alternative embodiment, the templating agent is a triblock polymer;
preferably, the templating agent is selected from at least one of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188.
In an alternative embodiment, the pore-expanding agent is selected from at least one of mesitylene, cyclohexane and decane;
preferably, the catalyst is at least one selected from the group consisting of tris, ammonia, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a photothermal filter material, which is used for preparing the photothermal filter material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments, and includes:
blending the photo-thermal agent and the base material to prepare a photo-thermal filter material;
or soaking the filter material made of the base material into a solution containing a photothermal agent to load the photothermal agent on the surface of the filter material, and then drying.
In an alternative embodiment, the solution containing the photothermal agent is composed of the photothermal agent, the binder, and water, the photothermal agent being present in the solution at a concentration of 2 to 35% by mass, and the binder being present in the solution at a concentration of 1.6 to 28% by mass.
Preferably, the binder is selected from at least one of polyurethane resin, vinyl acetate resin and acrylic resin.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides an air purifier, including the photothermal filter material according to any one of the foregoing embodiments or the photothermal filter material prepared by the preparation method according to the foregoing embodiments;
preferably, the air purifier further comprises a light source, and the light irradiation surface of the light source covers the photo-thermal filter material;
preferably, the light source is a light emitting diode, the light emitting diode emitting light having a wavelength of 700nm to 1100nm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the photothermal filter material provided by the invention contains the photothermal agent, excellent photothermal characteristics are provided for the material, so that after the photothermal filter material receives sufficient illumination, the temperature is increased, the genetic material of microorganisms in the bioaerosol is deteriorated, and the physical damage of the microorganisms in the bioaerosol is caused. When the ambient temperature rises above 45 ℃, most pathogenic bacteria and viruses lose viability due to membrane disruption, and even have a significant impact on antibiotic-resistant bacteria and persistent viruses. The photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the application does not carry out chemical reaction due to the action process of killing microorganisms, so that the photo-thermal filter material has high long-term use stability. Therefore, the photothermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the invention has excellent photothermal characteristics, antimicrobial characteristics and long-term use stability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 shows that the near-infrared excitation photo-thermal filter material prepared from mesoporous polydopamine with different addition amounts is near-infrared laser with a wavelength of 808nm and a light intensity of 3W/cm 2 And (5) testing data results of temperature change of the lower irradiation at different time.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The photo-thermal filter material, the preparation method thereof and the air purifier provided by the embodiment of the invention are specifically described below.
The embodiment of the invention provides a photo-thermal filter material, which comprises a base material and a photo-thermal agent loaded on the surface of the base material or dispersed in the base material, wherein the photo-thermal agent is a semiconductor polymer, and the content of the photo-thermal agent in the photo-thermal filter material is 2-40g/m 2 。
Semiconducting polymers, also known as conjugated polymers, are composed of alternating electron rich donor and electron deficient acceptor building blocks, have an absorption wavelength range of 700nm to 1100nm, and a high absorption capacity at near infrared wavelengths can achieve excellent photothermal capabilities. When the photothermal agent is contained in the photothermal filter material provided by the invention in an amount as described above, excellent photothermal characteristics are provided for the material, so that the photothermal filter material is heated after receiving sufficient light, thereby deteriorating genetic materials of microorganisms in the bioaerosol and causing physical destruction of the microorganisms in the bioaerosol. When the ambient temperature rises above 45 ℃, most pathogenic bacteria and viruses lose viability due to membrane disruption, and even have a significant impact on antibiotic-resistant bacteria and persistent viruses. The photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the application does not carry out chemical reaction due to the action process of killing microorganisms, so that the photo-thermal filter material has high long-term use stability. Therefore, the photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the invention has excellent photo-thermal characteristics, antimicrobial characteristics and long-term use stability.
It should be noted that when the photothermal agent is used in a large amount in the photothermal filter and improvement of photothermal quality is desired, the process of incorporating the photothermal agent is difficult, and the surface loading, for example, may cause exfoliation of the photothermal agent and process instability. Vice versa, the use of a small amount of photo-thermal agent may result in insufficient light absorption, resulting in inefficient destruction of bioaerosol particles in the air filter. When the addition amount of the photo-thermal agent is 2-40g/m 2 Meanwhile, the photothermal performance is remarkably enhanced, and the photothermal filter material is easier to manufacture.
Preferably, the photothermal agent is supported on the surface of the substrate.
The photothermal agent is supported on the surface of the base material to exert the photothermal effect to the maximum extent because the photothermal agent needs to receive light to generate heat.
Preferably, the material of the base material is PET.
The PET material is widely used and the material of better performance at present.
Preferably, the semiconductive polymer comprises at least one of polydopamine, polypyrrole, polyaniline and polythiophene.
The photo-thermal agent has high photo-thermal conversion efficiency and high thermal conductivity.
Further, the photo-thermal agent is mesoporous polydopamine.
The Mesoporous Polydopamine (MPDA) has the advantages of rich pore structure, simple preparation, low cost, higher specific surface area and high photothermal conversion efficiency.
The use of mesoporous polydopamine particles overcomes the problems that the photo-thermal agent is directly applied to the air filter, the manufacturing cost is high, and the processing performance of the material is reduced. The mesoporous polydopamine shows excellent photo-thermal performance due to the fact that a high photo-thermal dose is positioned on the surface of particles, and therefore high photo-thermal conversion efficiency is achieved. The absorptive properties and large surface area of the mesoporous polydopamine particles give the photothermal composition high performance, which is more easily activated by a light source.
The mesoporous polydopamine used in the application can be a finished product directly purchased or can be synthesized at present.
The preparation method of the mesoporous polydopamine comprises the following steps:
adding dopamine and a catalyst into a mixed solution containing a template agent and a pore-expanding agent, fully reacting, separating out a precipitate, and washing the precipitate to obtain the mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. pouring a template agent into a reactor, measuring a pore-enlarging agent, adding the pore-enlarging agent into a reaction bottle, sequentially pouring distilled water and ethanol, and stirring at room temperature to obtain a mixed solution;
in this step, the concentration of ethanol in the mixed solution is 40 to 50wt% (e.g., 40wt%, 45wt%, or 50 wt%).
Preferably, the template agent is selected from at least one of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188;
preferably, the concentration of the templating agent in the mixed solution is 0.5 to 3.5wt% (e.g., 0.5wt%, 1wt%, 2wt%, 2.5wt%, 3wt%, or 3.5 wt%).
Preferably, the pore-expanding agent is selected from at least one of mesitylene, cyclohexane and decane;
preferably, the mass ratio of the templating agent to the pore-expanding agent is 1 to 3 (e.g., 1.
B. Dissolving dopamine hydrochloride and a catalyst in distilled water, adding the dissolved mixture into the mixed solution in the previous step according to the weight ratio of the mixture in the step to the mixed solution prepared in the previous step being 1;
the concentration of dopamine hydrochloride in the mixture after dissolution in this step is 5-10wt% (e.g. 5wt%, 8wt% or 10 wt%).
Preferably, the catalyst is at least one of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, ammonia, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide;
further preferably, the catalyst is tris-hydroxymethyl aminomethane, which is present in the mixture in this step in a concentration of 2-5 wt.% (e.g. 2 wt.%, 3 wt.% or 5 wt.%).
C. Centrifuging the product obtained after the reaction in the last step at a high speed, dispersing the precipitate obtained by centrifuging into a mixed solution of ethanol and acetone, removing the template agent by ultrasonic treatment, and centrifuging and drying again to obtain mesoporous polydopamine particles; in this step, the volume ratio of ethanol to acetone is 1.
The preparation method of the photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for preparing the photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the application, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Blending the photo-thermal agent and the base material to prepare a photo-thermal filter material;
or (2) soaking the filter material made of the base material into a solution containing a photo-thermal agent to enable the photo-thermal agent to be loaded on the surface of the filter material, and then drying.
Preferably, the photothermal filter material is prepared in the mode (2) in the actual production.
The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps:
the photo-thermal agent, the binder and water are mixed to prepare an active solution, the mass concentration of the photo-thermal agent in the solution is 2-35% (e.g. 2%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% or 35%), and the mass concentration of the binder in the solution is 1.6-28% (e.g. 1.6%, 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 28%).
Soaking the non-woven fabric (base material) in the active solution at 25 deg.C for about 10 s. Then the non-woven fabric loaded with the active solution is fished out and dried at about 110 ℃ to obtain the photo-thermal filter material.
The preparation method is simple and convenient, and the photo-thermal filter material with firm adhesion of the photo-thermal agent can be prepared.
Preferably, the binder is selected from at least one of polyurethane resin, vinyl acetate resin and acrylic resin in order to achieve a more stable loading effect.
The air purifier provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the application or the photo-thermal filter material prepared by the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the application;
preferably, the air purifier still includes the light source, and the light irradiation face of light source covers the light and heat filter media. The light source may be a separate light module or sunlight. When the air filter is exposed to light from the optical module, the mesoporous polydopamine particles absorb the light and then convert the light energy into heat energy, so that the temperature of the fiber is increased. This results in destruction of the bioaerosol particles deposited on the air filter. The ability to activate by light modules or sunlight allows widespread use.
Preferably, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamp may be preferred as a light source for illuminating an air filter of an air filtration system. One or more LED lights may be positioned to project light to the entire surface of the air filter. The light source may preferably radiate near-infrared light having a wavelength range of 700nm to 1100nm.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Examples and comparative examples
The non-woven fabric is taken as a base material, immersed in an active solution containing a photo-thermal agent (mesoporous polydopamine), immersed for 10 seconds at 25 ℃, and then dried at 110 ℃ to obtain the photo-thermal filter material. The photo-thermal agent content of the active solutions used in the respective examples and comparative examples was different, and specifically, as shown in table 1, the binder in the active solutions used in the respective examples and comparative examples was an acrylic resin, and the mass concentration thereof was 0.8 times the photo-thermal agent content.
TABLE 1 details of the amount of photothermal agent loading in each of the examples and comparative examples
Experimental example 1
The photothermal filter materials of the examples and comparative examples were tested for temperature change with the change of illumination time, and recorded in table 2.
TABLE 2 temperature variation of photothermal filter material with illumination time variation
The data in the table 2 are plotted as figure 1, and figure 1 shows that the near-infrared excitation photo-thermal filter material prepared from the mesoporous polydopamine with different addition amounts has the near-infrared laser light intensity of 3W/cm at 808nm 2 And (5) testing data results of temperature change of the lower irradiation at different time.
From the test data results of fig. 1, it can be seen that the fiber without the photothermal agent only increased by 2.8 ℃ under the excitation of laser irradiation, which indicates that the pure polyester fiber has weak absorption of near infrared laser light at 808 nm. When the composite fiber containing the mesoporous polydopamine is irradiated by laser with the wavelength of 808nm, the temperature of the composite fiber is rapidly increased. The addition amount of the mesoporous polydopamine is 1-40g/m 2 And the extremely-different temperature is from 8.8 ℃ to 26.0 ℃ within the near-infrared laser irradiation time of 300 s. Therefore, the mesoporous poly-dopamine can rapidly absorb laser energy of 808nm and convert the laser energy into heat of the environment; and the temperature of the composite fiber is also increased along with the increase of the addition amount of the polydopamine and the increase of the laser irradiation time; therefore, the material has good heat conversion performance under 808nm near infrared laser irradiation. The maximum temperature can reach 48.1 ℃ close to the temperature at which bacteria are killed.
Example 2
Air purifier filter screen long-term operation test (filter screen peculiar smell distinguish test):
the photo-thermal fiber and 30-50 meshes of coconut shell carbon are compounded to prepare the carbon-sandwiched cloth filter screen. Air purifier filter screens were tested for long-term operation in a conference room and studied under daily conditions without office staff behavioral constraints. Filters produced by adding different photothermal agents to the filter screens are installed in corresponding air purifiers, the purifiers are opened, and the air speed is adjusted to the maximum and continuously operated. Laser irradiation was performed for 10 minutes after each shutdown.
The machine was kept running for 30 minutes before sniffing and the wind speed was reduced to mid-range. Five olfactory diagnostic officers participated in the olfactory diagnosis, and the tested participants did not have the conditions of cold, nasal obstruction and the like affecting the sense of smell, smelled the smell at a distance of 20 cm from the upper end of the air outlet, scored the smell according to the smell evaluation standard, and recorded the average score in table 4. The scoring criteria are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 VDA270 odor evaluation criteria
| Grade | Description of the invention |
| 1 | Without awareness |
| 2 | Is perceivable and not uncomfortable for people |
| 3 | Can be directly perceived but still not feel uncomfortable |
| 4 | Make people feel uncomfortable |
| 5 | Make people feel very uncomfortable |
| 6 | Cannot tolerate |
TABLE 4 scoring of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 4, the surface loading was 2, 10, 20, 40g/m 2 The material added by the photo-thermal agent has better peculiar smell inhibiting effect than the material with low content of the photo-thermal agent, the condition that the grade of the peculiar smell is higher than 3 points does not occur after 8 weeks of operation, and the harm of microbial aerosol and volatile gas can be better reduced.
To sum up, the light and heat filter material that this application embodiment provided can utilize the light and heat agent temperature rise to reach the effect of killing the microorganism when illumination, and this light and heat filter material has excellent light and heat characteristic, anti-microbial properties and long-term stability of using.
The preparation method of the photo-thermal filter material provided by the embodiment of the application is simple to operate, and the photo-thermal filter material with a good microorganism killing effect can be prepared.
The air purifier that this application embodiment provided, owing to included the light and heat filter media that this application embodiment provided, consequently, it has good air purification effect.
The present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiment, and it is not intended to be limited to the embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The photothermal filter material is characterized by comprising a base material and a photo-thermal agent loaded on the surface of the base material or dispersed in the base material, wherein the photo-thermal agent is a semiconductor polymer, and the content of the photo-thermal agent in the photothermal filter material is 2-40g/m 2 。
2. The photothermal filter according to claim 1, wherein the photothermal agent is supported on the surface of the substrate.
3. The photothermal filter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base material is PET.
4. The photothermal filter according to claim 1, wherein said semiconductive polymer comprises at least one of polydopamine, polypyrrole, polyaniline, and polythiophene;
preferably, the photo-thermal agent is mesoporous polydopamine.
5. The photothermal filter material according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the mesoporous polydopamine comprises:
adding dopamine and a catalyst into a mixed solution containing a template agent and a pore-expanding agent, fully reacting, separating out a precipitate, and washing the precipitate to obtain the mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles.
6. The photothermal filter according to claim 5, wherein said templating agent is a triblock polymer;
preferably, the templating agent is selected from at least one of poloxamer 407 and poloxamer 188.
7. The photothermal filter medium according to claim 5, wherein said pore-expanding agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of mesitylene, cyclohexane and decane;
preferably, the catalyst is at least one selected from the group consisting of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, ammonia, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
8. A method for preparing a photothermal filter material, which is used for preparing the photothermal filter material as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
blending the photo-thermal agent and the base material to prepare a photo-thermal filter material;
or soaking the filter material made of the base material into a solution containing a photo-thermal agent so that the photo-thermal agent is loaded on the surface of the filter material, and then drying.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the solution containing the photo-thermal agent is composed of the photo-thermal agent, a binder and water, the photo-thermal agent has a mass concentration of 2 to 35% in the solution, and the binder has a mass concentration of 1.6 to 28% in the solution;
preferably, the binder is selected from at least one of a polyurethane resin, a vinyl acetate resin, and an acrylic resin.
10. An air purifier comprising the photothermal filter according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the photothermal filter produced by the production method according to claim 8 or 9;
preferably, the air purifier further comprises a light source, and a light irradiation surface of the light source covers the photo-thermal filter material;
preferably, the light source is a light emitting diode, and the light emitted by the light emitting diode has a wavelength of 700nm to 1100nm.
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| CN116574221A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-11 | 金陵科技学院 | Preparation and application of aqueous phase antibacterial agent based on semiconductor polymer |
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| CN116574221A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-11 | 金陵科技学院 | Preparation and application of aqueous phase antibacterial agent based on semiconductor polymer |
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