CN115885639B - Rice direct seeding device with precisely-adjusted seeding quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

A rice direct seeding seed sowing device with accurate seeding quantity adjustment, belonging to agricultural machinery; the seed sowing device comprises a seed sowing mechanism consisting of a seat plate, a motor frame, a motor, a seed charging and sowing driving shaft, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell, a groove-shaped seed charging and fixing plate, a seed sowing barrel, a plate shaft, a bent opening and closing plate, a pressure spring A, a telescopic barrel, a seed conveying pipe, a seed leakage plate, a bracket, a barrel-type seed box and a seed guiding pipe, and a seed sowing accurate adjusting mechanism consisting of a gear box, a handle shaft, a pressure spring C, a driving bevel gear, a driven bevel gear, a barrel-type worm, a pin shaft, a worm wheel, a driving rod, a driven rod, a seed sowing amount adjusting driving plate, a plane bearing, a groove-shaped seed charging amount adjusting plate and a pressure spring B; the device has novel, unique and reasonable structure, simple, convenient and quick seeding quantity adjustment operation, high seeding quantity adjustment precision, good seed discharging uniformity, strong seed adaptation capability and low seed injury rate, and can be especially suitable for and meet the requirement of high-speed operation of direct seeding of rice.

Description

Rice direct seeding device with precisely-adjusted seeding quantity

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a paddy planter with adjustable mechanical seeding quantity.

Background

The direct seeding of rice is a traditional agronomic technique, and has the advantages of labor and time saving and low operation cost compared with the technical method of rice seedling raising and transplanting, and the technique method is used until now. In recent years, with the improvement of the technology level of paddy rice direct seeding agriculture and the research and development of mechanical paddy rice direct seeding machines, the paddy rice direct seeding area is gradually increased. At present, mechanical paddy planter with direct seeding of paddy rice including tooth-pulling type, combined hole type, mechanical ejection type, spiral groove type and other structures has been developed, and technical support is provided for popularization and application of paddy planter agriculture technology. However, in production and use, the mechanical rice direct seeding seed metering device with various structures is found to have the defects of large difficulty in adjusting the seeding quantity, complex adjusting operation, time and labor consumption, low adjusting precision, higher seed damage rate on mechanical damage of rice seeds, and especially incapability of adapting to and meeting the needs of rice direct seeding high-speed seed metering and poor seed metering uniformity due to insufficient structural design.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, combines the actual needs of current paddy direct seeding operation, develops and designs a novel structure of the paddy direct seeding seed sowing device with accurate adjustment of the seeding quantity, and achieves the purposes of simple and convenient adjustment of the seeding quantity, high adjustment accuracy of the seeding quantity, good seed sowing uniformity, strong seed adaptation capability and low seed damage rate, and is especially suitable for and meets the needs of paddy direct seeding high-speed seed sowing.

The invention aims at realizing the following steps that a motor is fixedly arranged at the central part of the lower side of a seat plate which is fixedly arranged through a motor frame, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the seat plate along the circumferential direction, an annular groove is arranged on the upper end surface of the seat plate and at the outer side part of the plurality of through holes, and a seed guide tube is arranged on the lower side part of the seat plate and is mutually communicated with the plurality of through holes; a gear box body is arranged on a motor shaft of the motor and positioned above the seat plate, a seed charging and discharging driving shaft is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the gear box body, the seed charging and discharging driving shaft is fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the motor, a driven bevel gear and a cylinder worm are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably sleeved in sequence on the middle part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft, the driven bevel gear and the cylinder worm are fixedly connected into a whole, the driven bevel gear is positioned in the gear box body, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell is radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the outer end part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft, the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell is in tight supporting contact fit with the upper end surface of the seat plate, a groove-shaped seed charging fixed disc is rotatably sleeved in the groove cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell on the seed charging and discharging driving shaft, the groove-shaped seed charging fixed disc is fixedly connected with the cylindrical groove-shaped shell into a whole, the seed charging and discharging driving shaft is provided with a groove-shaped seed charging and discharging fixed disc, a groove-shaped seed charging and discharging adjusting disc, a plane bearing, a radial positioning drive plate, a circumferential positioning drive plate and a driving rod, wherein the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging adjusting disc is positioned from outside to inside in a radial positioning manner, the axial movement drive plate is circumferentially and rotatably arranged at the inner part of the groove cavity of the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging fixed disc and the inner part of the groove cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell, the seed charging grooves of the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging adjusting disc are mutually aligned and inserted into communication and matched with the seed charging grooves of the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging fixed disc, a pressure spring B is assembled between the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging fixed disc and the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging adjusting disc, two end surfaces of the pressure spring B are respectively in extrusion contact with the groove-shaped seed charging and discharging fixed disc, the driven rod is rotatably hinged on the seed charging and discharging drive plate, a pin shaft is rotatably arranged on the outer wall surface of the side wall of the gear box body, a worm wheel and a driving rod are fixedly arranged on the pin shaft, the worm wheel is meshed with the cylinder worm, the driving rod is hinged with the driven rod, seed discharging cylinders are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell along the circumferential direction, bending-shaped opening and closing plates are arranged on the seed discharging cylinders in a swaying way through plate shafts, two end faces of a pressure spring A are respectively in tight extrusion contact fit with the bending-shaped opening and closing plates and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell, the seed discharging cylinders are in insertion fit or separation insertion fit with through holes on a seat plate, the bending-shaped opening and closing plates are in extrusion contact or separation extrusion contact fit with annular grooves on the seat plate, brackets are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the end parts of two sides of the seat plate and positioned at the outer side part of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell, a cylinder seed box support is fixedly arranged on the brackets, a seed leaking plate is rotatably and hermetically arranged on the bottom of the cylinder seed box, the seed delivery pipe and the barrel type seed box are mutually communicated and are arranged on the lower side part of the seed leaking disc, a telescopic barrel is axially and telescopically inserted in the lower end part of the seed delivery pipe, the telescopic barrel is fixedly connected with a seed sowing quantity adjusting driving plate, the telescopic barrel is communicated with a seed sowing groove on a groove-shaped seed sowing quantity adjusting disc, a handle shaft is arranged on the upper wall surface of a gear box body in a mutually vertical and radial positioning and axially movable and circumferential rotatable manner, a driving bevel gear is fixedly arranged in the gear box body on the lower end part of the handle shaft, the driving bevel gear is meshed with or separated from a driven bevel gear, a pressure spring C is sleeved on the handle shaft, and two end surfaces of the pressure spring C are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the handle shaft and the gear box body, so that the seed sowing quantity accurate adjusting paddy rice direct seeding device is formed.

The invention has novel, unique and reasonable structure, simple, convenient and quick seeding quantity adjustment operation, high seeding quantity adjustment precision, good seeding uniformity, strong seed adaptation capability and low seed injury rate, and particularly provides technical support for high-speed paddy seeding operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a direct seeding apparatus for precisely adjusting the seeding quantity;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 5;

fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 5;

fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 5;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of the groove-shaped seed filling amount adjusting disc, the groove-shaped seed filling fixed disc and the pressure spring B.

Part number description in the drawings:

1. the seed box comprises a barrel type seed box body, 2, a seed leaking disc, 3, a bracket, 4, a bending-shaped opening and closing plate, 5, a seed discharging barrel, 6, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell, 7, a driven rod, 8, a driving rod, 9, a motor, 10, a motor frame, 11, a seed guide tube, 12, a seat plate, 13, a pin roll, 14, a barrel type worm, 15, a seed filling and discharging driving shaft, 16, a worm wheel, 17, a pressure spring A, 18, a plate shaft, 19, a gear box body, 20, a pressure spring C, 21, a handle shaft, 22, a seed conveying tube, 23, a through hole, 24, an annular groove, 25, a driving bevel gear, 26, a telescopic barrel, 27, a groove-shaped seed filling fixed disc, 28, a groove-shaped seed filling amount adjusting disc, 29, a pressure spring B, 30, a seed sowing amount adjusting driving plate, 31, a driven bevel gear, 32 and a plane bearing.

Detailed Description

The following describes the inventive embodiments in detail with reference to the drawings. The utility model provides a paddy planter with accurate regulation of seeding quantity, a motor 9 is fixedly arranged on the center part of the lower side of a seat plate 12 which is fixedly arranged through a motor frame 10, a plurality of through holes 23 are uniformly distributed on the seat plate 12 along the circumferential direction, an annular groove 24 is arranged on the upper end surface of the seat plate 12 and at the outer side part of the plurality of through holes 23, and a seed guide tube 11 which is mutually communicated with the plurality of through holes 23 is arranged on the lower side part of the seat plate 12; a gear box body 19 is arranged on a motor shaft of the motor 9 and is positioned above the seat plate 12, a seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the gear box body 19, the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the motor 9, a driven bevel gear 31 and a cylinder worm 14 are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably sleeved on the middle part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15 in turn, the driven bevel gear 31 and the cylinder worm 14 are fixedly connected into a whole, the driven bevel gear 31 is positioned in the gear box body 19, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 is radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the outer end part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15, the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 is in tight supporting contact fit with the upper end surface of the seat plate 12, a groove-shaped seed charging and discharging fixing disc 27 is rotatably sleeved on the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15 and positioned in the groove cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6, the groove-shaped seed filling fixed disk 27 is fixedly connected with the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 into a whole, a groove-shaped seed filling adjusting disk 28, a plane bearing 32, a radial and circumferential positioning and axial movable mounting seed sowing amount adjusting driving plate 30 are arranged on the seed filling and discharging driving shaft 15 and positioned at the inner side part of the groove-shaped seed filling fixed disk 27 and the groove cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 in a radial positioning and axial movable and circumferential rotatable manner from outside to inside, the seed filling grooves of the groove-shaped seed filling adjusting disk 28 and the seed filling grooves of the groove-shaped seed filling fixed disk 27 are mutually aligned and inserted into communication and matched, a pressure spring B29 is assembled between the groove-shaped seed filling fixed disk 27 and the groove-shaped seed filling adjusting disk 28, two end surfaces of the pressure spring B29 are respectively matched with the groove-shaped seed filling fixed disk 27 and the groove-shaped seed filling adjusting disk 28 in a pressing contact manner, a driven rod 7 is arranged on the seed sowing amount adjusting driving plate 30 in a swinging hinged manner, the outer wall surface of the side wall of the gear box body 19 is rotatably provided with a pin shaft 13, a worm wheel 16 and a driving rod 8 are fixedly arranged on the pin shaft 13, the worm wheel 16 is meshed with a cylinder worm 14, the driving rod 8 is hinged with a driven rod 7, seed discharging cylinders 5 are uniformly distributed on the side wall of a cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 along the circumferential direction, a bending-shaped opening and closing plate 4 is arranged on the seed discharging cylinders 5 in a swaying way through a plate shaft 18, two end surfaces of a pressure spring A17 are respectively in tight press contact fit with the bending-shaped opening and closing plate 4 and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6, the seed discharging cylinders 5 are in insert fit or release insert fit with a through hole 23 on a seat plate 12, the bending-shaped opening and closing plate 4 is in press contact or release press contact fit with an annular groove 24 on the seat plate 12, brackets 3 are mutually symmetrically fixedly arranged at the outer side parts of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 on the two side ends of the seat plate 12, the cylindrical seed box 1 is fixedly supported on a bracket 3, a seed leaking plate 2 is rotatably and hermetically arranged on the bottom of the cylindrical seed box 1, a seed conveying pipe 22 is mutually communicated with the cylindrical seed box 1 and arranged on the lower side part of the seed leaking plate 2, a telescopic cylinder 26 is axially and telescopically inserted on the lower end part of the seed conveying pipe 22, the telescopic cylinder 26 is fixedly connected with a seed sowing quantity adjusting driving plate 30, the telescopic cylinder 26 is communicated with a seed sowing groove on a groove-shaped seed sowing quantity adjusting plate 28, a handle shaft 21 is arranged on the upper wall surface of a gear box body 19 in a mutually vertical and radial positioning manner and axially movable and circumferentially rotatable manner, a driving bevel gear 25 is fixedly arranged on the lower end part of the handle shaft 21 and positioned in the gear box body 19, the driving bevel gear 25 is meshed with or disengaged from a driven bevel gear 31, a pressure spring C20 is sleeved on the handle shaft 21, the two end surfaces of the pressure spring C20 are respectively matched with the handle shaft 21 and the gear box body 19 in a pressing contact manner.

When the sowing amount is regulated according to different rice seeds and sowing amount needs before the paddy planter is used, the handle shaft 21 is pressed down by hands to enable the driving bevel gear 25 to be meshed with the driven bevel gear 31, the handle shaft 21 is rotated, the barrel type worm 14 is driven by the driving bevel gear 25 and the driven bevel gear 31 to rotate on the sowing driving shaft 15, the self-rotating barrel type worm 14 is driven by the worm wheel 16 to rotate through the driving pin shaft 13, then the sowing amount regulating driving plate 30 is pushed or pulled by the driving rod 8 and the driven rod 7 to axially move on the sowing driving shaft 15, the groove type sowing amount regulating disc 28 is driven by the plane bearing 32 and matched with the pressure spring B29 to axially move on the sowing driving shaft 15, when the groove type sowing amount regulating disc 28 moves outwards, the sowing grooves on the groove type sowing groove type regulating disc is large in insertion overlapping amount with the sowing grooves of the groove type sowing fixed disc 27, the total volume of the two sowing grooves is reduced, and the rice sowing amount is small; otherwise, the seed filling amount is large. When the seeding quantity adjusting driving plate 30 axially adjusts and moves, the telescopic cylinders 26 fixedly connected with the seeding quantity adjusting driving plate axially move back and forth on the lower end part of the seed conveying pipe 22, the cylinder type seed box 1 is kept to be communicated with the seed filling grooves on the groove-shaped seed filling quantity adjusting plate 28 through the seed conveying pipe 22 and the telescopic cylinders 26, and seed filling operation is achieved.

During operation, the starting motor 9 drives the whole seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15 to rotate along the circumferential direction, the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15 drives the gear box 19, the driven bevel gear 31, the barrel worm 14, the pin shaft 13, the worm wheel 16, the driving rod 8, the driven rod 7, the seeding quantity adjusting driving plate 30, the plane bearing 32, the groove-shaped seed charging quantity adjusting plate 28, the pressure spring B29, the groove-shaped seed charging fixed plate 27 and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 to revolve together, under the action of the contact friction resistance between the upper surface of the seat plate 12 and the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6, the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 rotates on the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15, and sequentially drives the groove-shaped seed charging fixed plate 27 and the groove-shaped seed charging quantity adjusting plate 28 to synchronously rotate on the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 15, when the seed charging grooves of the rice seeds filled in the seed conveying pipe 22 and the telescopic cylinder 26 are rotated to the through holes 23 on the seat plate 12, the seed discharging cylinder 5 is inserted into the through holes 23, the bending-shaped opening and closing plate 4 on the seed discharging cylinder 5 is pressed by the annular groove 24 on the seat plate 12, the bending-shaped opening and closing plate 4 on the rice seed discharging pipe 5 falls into the outer surface of the rice seed discharging pipe 11, and the rice seed discharging device 11 is opened. After the seed metering is completed, the seed metering cylinder 5 is rotated out of the through hole 23, and the bent opening/closing plate 4 is reversely rotated on the plate shaft 18 by the compression spring a17 to close the seed metering cylinder 5. And (5) sequentially and circularly carrying out continuous operation.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a accurate regulation rice direct seeding seed metering ware of volume of broadcasting which characterized in that: a motor (9) is fixedly arranged on the central part of the lower side of a seat plate (12) which is fixedly arranged through a motor frame (10), a plurality of through holes (23) are uniformly distributed on the seat plate (12) along the circumferential direction, annular grooves (24) are formed on the upper end surface of the seat plate (12) and positioned at the outer side parts of the plurality of through holes (23), and seed guide pipes (11) are arranged on the lower side part of the seat plate (12) and are mutually communicated with the plurality of through holes (23); a gear box body (19) is arranged on a motor shaft of a motor (9) and is positioned above a seat plate (12), a seed filling and discharging driving shaft (15) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the gear box body (19), the seed filling and discharging driving shaft (15) is fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the motor (9), a driven bevel gear (31) and a cylinder worm (14) are rotatably sleeved and arranged in sequence in radial and axial positioning and circumferential direction on the middle part of the seed filling and discharging driving shaft (15), the driven bevel gear (31) and the cylinder worm (14) are fixedly connected into a whole, the driven bevel gear (31) is positioned in the gear box body (19), a cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) is radially and axially positioned on the outer end part of the seed filling and discharging driving shaft (15), the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) is in tight supporting contact with the upper end surface of the seat plate (12), a groove-shaped seed filling and fixing disc (27) is rotatably sleeved on the seed filling and discharging driving shaft (15), the groove-shaped seed filling and discharging fixing disc (27) and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) are integrally connected with the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6), and the seed filling and discharging fixing disc (27) can be rotatably sleeved and moved from the inner diameter of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) to the inner diameter of the inner part of the seed filling and discharging shell (6) to the inner part of the seed filling and discharging shell (6), and the seed filling and the seed The plane bearing (32) and radial and circumferential positioning and axial movable mounting of a seed sowing amount adjusting drive plate (30), seed sowing grooves of the groove-shaped seed sowing amount adjusting plate (28) are mutually aligned, inserted and matched with seed sowing grooves of the groove-shaped seed sowing fixed plate (27), a pressure spring B (29) is assembled between the groove-shaped seed sowing fixed plate (27) and the groove-shaped seed sowing amount adjusting plate (28), two end surfaces of the pressure spring B (29) are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the groove-shaped seed sowing fixed plate (27) and the groove-shaped seed sowing amount adjusting plate (28), a driven rod (7) is rotatably hinged on the seed sowing amount adjusting drive plate (30), a pin shaft (13) is rotatably mounted on the outer wall surface of the side wall of a gear box (19), a worm wheel (16) and a driving rod (8) are fixedly mounted on the pin shaft (13), the worm wheel (16) is meshed with a cylinder worm (14), the driving rod (8) is hinged with a driven rod (7), two end surfaces of a cylindrical shell (6) are respectively arranged along the circumferential direction, the cylindrical shell (6) is in tight rolling contact with the two cylindrical shell (4) and the cylindrical shell (4) is in a bending shape, the cylindrical shell (4) is tightly bent and the two cylindrical shell (4) are respectively provided with the two cylindrical shell (4) and the cylindrical shell (4) are in a bending shape, the cylindrical shell (4) and the cylindrical shell (4) is in a cylindrical shell, the seed discharging barrel (5) is in insertion fit or separation insertion fit with a through hole (23) on the seat plate (12), the bending opening and closing plate (4) is in extrusion contact or separation extrusion contact fit with an annular groove (24) on the seat plate (12), the bracket (3) is fixedly arranged on the end parts of two sides of the seat plate (12) and positioned at the outer side of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) symmetrically, the barrel type seed box (1) is fixedly supported on the bracket (3), the seed leaking plate (2) is rotatably and hermetically arranged on the bottom of the barrel type seed box (1), the seed conveying pipe (22) and the barrel type seed box (1) are mutually communicated and arranged on the lower side part of the seed leaking plate (2), the telescopic barrel (26) is axially and telescopically inserted and arranged on the lower end part of the seed conveying pipe (22), the telescopic barrel (26) is fixedly connected with a seed sowing amount adjusting drive plate (30), the telescopic barrel (26) is communicated with a seed filling groove on a groove-shaped seed filling amount adjusting plate (28), the upper wall surface of the gear box (19) is rotatably and hermetically arranged on the inner side of the gear box (21) and is axially and vertically arranged on the driving bevel gear (25) in a radial direction, the bevel gear (25) is rotatably and rotatably arranged on the driving gear (25), the pressure spring C (20) is sleeved on the handle shaft (21), and two end surfaces of the pressure spring C (20) are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the handle shaft (21) and the gear box body (19).

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