CN115868293B - Rice direct seeding apparatus capable of accurately adjusting seeding quantity - Google Patents

Abstract

A rice direct seeding apparatus capable of accurately adjusting the seeding quantity, belonging to agricultural machinery; the seed sowing device comprises a seed sowing mechanism consisting of a seat plate, a motor frame, a motor, a seed charging and discharging driving shaft, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell, a seed sowing disc, a driven hinged sliding block, a filling sliding block, a seed conveying plate, a seed sowing barrel, a plate shaft, a bending-shaped opening and closing plate, a pressure spring A, a seed conveying pipe, a seed leakage disc, a bracket, a barrel-type seed box and a seed guiding pipe, and a seed sowing amount accurate adjusting mechanism consisting of a gear box, a support column, an adjusting threaded rod, a pressure spring C, a driven cylinder, a disc adjusting sliding block, a spherical nut, a eccentric plate, a pin shaft, a hinged rod A, a hinged rod B, a plane bearing, a pressure spring B, a driving hinged disc, a driven hinged disc, a sleeve rod, a filling sliding block, a driven hinged sliding block and a driven hinged cylinder; the device has novel, unique and reasonable structure, simple, convenient and quick seeding quantity adjustment operation, high seeding quantity adjustment precision, good seed discharging uniformity, strong seed adaptation capability and low seed injury rate, and can be especially suitable for and meet the requirement of high-speed operation of direct seeding of rice.

Description

Rice direct seeding apparatus capable of accurately adjusting seeding quantity

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a paddy planter with adjustable mechanical seeding quantity.

Background

The direct seeding of rice is a traditional agronomic technique, and has the advantages of labor and time saving and low operation cost compared with the technical method of rice seedling raising and transplanting, and the technique method is used until now. In recent years, with the improvement of the technology level of paddy rice direct seeding agriculture and the research and development of mechanical paddy rice direct seeding machines, the paddy rice direct seeding area is gradually increased. At present, mechanical paddy planter with direct seeding of paddy rice including tooth-pulling type, combined hole type, mechanical ejection type, spiral groove type and other structures has been developed, and technical support is provided for popularization and application of paddy planter agriculture technology. However, in production and use, the mechanical rice direct seeding seed metering device with various structures is found to have the defects of large difficulty in adjusting the seeding quantity, complex adjusting operation, time and labor consumption, low adjusting precision, higher seed damage rate on mechanical damage of rice seeds, and especially incapability of adapting to and meeting the needs of rice direct seeding high-speed seed metering and poor seed metering uniformity due to insufficient structural design.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, combines the actual needs of current paddy direct seeding operation, develops and designs a novel structure of the paddy direct seeding seed sowing device with accurate adjustment of the seeding quantity, and achieves the purposes of simple and convenient adjustment of the seeding quantity, high adjustment accuracy of the seeding quantity, good seed sowing uniformity, strong seed adaptation capability and low seed damage rate, and is especially suitable for and meets the needs of paddy direct seeding high-speed seed sowing.

The aim of the invention is realized in the following way: the motor is fixedly arranged at the center of the lower side of the seat plate which is fixedly arranged through the motor frame, a plurality of through holes are uniformly distributed on the seat plate along the circumferential direction, an annular groove is arranged at the outer side part of the plurality of through holes on the upper end surface of the seat plate, seed guide pipes are correspondingly arranged on the lower side part of the seat plate and are mutually communicated with the plurality of through holes in sequence, a seeding amount adjusting box body is arranged on a motor shaft of the motor and is positioned above the seat plate, two support posts are fixedly arranged on two opposite side walls of the seeding amount adjusting box body in parallel with each other, seed filling and discharging driving shafts are fixedly arranged on the two opposite side walls of the seeding amount adjusting box body in parallel with the support posts, the seed filling and discharging driving shafts are fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the motor, driven cylinders, driving hinging plates and eccentric plates are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably sleeved in sequence at the middle part of the seed filling and discharging driving shafts, the driving hinging disc, the eccentric plate and the driven cylinder are fixedly connected into a whole, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell and a seed metering disc are sequentially and radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the outer end part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft from outside to inside, the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell is tightly supported and matched with the upper end surface of a seat plate, the seed charging and discharging driving shaft is positioned on the inner side part of the seed metering disc, a sleeve rod is radially and circumferentially positioned and axially movably arranged at the inner part of a cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell, a driven hinging cylinder and a planar bearing are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the sleeve rod, one end surface of the planar bearing is tightly contacted and matched with the driven hinging cylinder in a closely contacting manner, a pressure spring B is arranged between the seed metering disc and the driven hinging cylinder, the two end surfaces of the pressure spring B are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the seed metering disc and the driven hinged cylinder, driven hinged sliding blocks capable of sliding in the grooves are respectively arranged in four seed filling cavities of the seed metering disc, the two ends of the hinged rod B are respectively hinged on the driven hinged cylinder and the driven hinged sliding blocks, filling sliding blocks capable of relatively sliding in the grooves are respectively arranged in two grooves of the driven hinged sliding blocks, the pressure spring C is arranged in the grooves of the driven hinged sliding blocks, the two ends of the pressure spring C are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the driven hinged sliding blocks and the filling sliding blocks, seed conveying plates are axially and radially positioned on the driven hinged cylinder and are rotatably arranged in the cavities of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell and are in tight contact fit with the seed metering disc in a closely abutting mode, the driven hinged disc is fixedly arranged on the sleeve rod, one end of the driven hinged disc is in tight contact fit with the plane bearing in a closely abutting mode, the driven hinging disc is circumferentially and radially positioned and axially movably arranged on two struts on the outer side wall of the seeding quantity adjusting box body, four hinging rods A are arranged at the position between the driven hinging disc and the driving hinging disc in a staggered hinged manner, spherical nuts are arranged on the upper end face of the seeding quantity adjusting box body in a hinged manner, threaded through holes of the adjusting threaded rods and the spherical nuts are in an inserted fit, a hinged disc adjusting slider which can universally rotate is arranged on the bottom end part of the adjusting threaded rod and is hinged with an eccentric plate through a pin shaft, seed sowing cylinders are uniformly distributed on the side wall of a cylindrical groove-shaped shell along the circumferential direction, bending-shaped opening and closing plates are arranged on the seed sowing cylinders in a swaying manner through plate shafts, two end faces of a pressure spring A are respectively in tight press contact fit with the bending-shaped opening and closing plates and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell, the seed sowing cylinders are in an inserted fit or a break away from the through holes on the seat plate, the bending-shaped opening and closing plate is in extrusion contact or is separated from extrusion contact fit with an annular groove on the seat plate, supports are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the outer side parts of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell on the end parts of the two sides of the seat plate, a barrel-type seed box is supported and fixedly arranged on the supports, a seed leaking plate is rotatably and hermetically arranged on the bottom of the barrel-type seed box, and a seed delivery pipe and the barrel-type seed box are mutually communicated and arranged on the lower side part of the seed leaking plate, so that the paddy planter capable of accurately adjusting the seed sowing quantity is formed.

The invention has novel, unique and reasonable structure, simple, convenient and quick seeding quantity adjustment operation, high seeding quantity adjustment precision, good seeding uniformity, strong seed adaptation capability and low seed injury rate, and particularly provides technical support for high-speed paddy seeding operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a side view of a rice seeding apparatus with precisely adjusted seed quantity;

FIG. 2 is a top view of a rice seeding apparatus with precisely adjusted seed quantity;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a rice seeding apparatus with precisely adjusted seed quantity;

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 4;

fig. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 4;

fig. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion C in fig. 4;

fig. 8 is an assembly schematic diagram of a seed metering disc, a pressure spring B, a pressure spring C, a hinge rod B, a driven hinge slider, a filling slider and a driven hinge cylinder;

fig. 9 is an assembly schematic diagram of a dial threaded rod, a driven cylinder, a dial slider, a eccentric plate, a ball nut, and a pin shaft.

Part number description in the drawings:

1. the seed box comprises a barrel type seed box body, 2, a bracket, 3, a seed leaking disc, 4, a bent opening and closing plate, 5, a pressure spring A, 6, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell body, 7, a driven hinged barrel, 8, a seed discharging barrel, 9, a sleeve rod 10, a seed conveying plate, 11, a through hole, 12, a seat plate, 13, a seed guiding pipe, 14, a motor frame, 15, a motor, 16, an annular groove, 17, a pillar, 18, a driving hinged disc, 19, a driven hinged disc, 20, a seed charging and discharging driving shaft, 21, a driven barrel, 22, a hinged rod A, 23, a plate shaft, 24, a seed sowing amount adjusting box body, 25, an adjusting threaded rod, 26, a seed conveying pipe, 27, a driven hinged sliding block, 28, a hinged rod B, 29, a pressure spring B, 30, a seed sowing disc, 31, a filling sliding block, 32, a pressure spring C, 33, a plane bearing, 34, a disc adjusting sliding block, 35, a spherical nut, 36, a eccentric plate, 37 and a pin shaft.

Detailed Description

The following describes the inventive embodiments in detail with reference to the drawings. A rice direct seeding apparatus capable of accurately adjusting the seeding quantity is characterized in that a motor 15 is fixedly arranged on the central part of the lower side of a seat plate 12 which is fixedly arranged through a motor frame 14, a plurality of through holes 11 are uniformly distributed on the seat plate 12 along the circumferential direction, annular grooves 16 are arranged on the upper end surface of the seat plate 12 and positioned at the outer side parts of the plurality of through holes 11, seed guide pipes 13 are correspondingly arranged on the lower side part of the seat plate 12 in sequence and communicated with the plurality of through holes 11, a seeding quantity adjusting box 24 is arranged on the motor shaft of the motor 15 and positioned above the seat plate 12, two support posts 17 are fixedly arranged on two opposite side walls of the seeding quantity adjusting box 24 in parallel with each other respectively, seed filling and seeding driving shafts 20 are fixedly arranged on two opposite side walls of the seeding quantity adjusting box 24 and the support posts 17 in parallel with each other, the seed filling and seeding driving shafts 20 are fixedly connected with the motor shaft of the motor 15, the middle part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20 is radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatable and sequentially sleeved with a driven cylinder 21, a driving hinging disc 18 and an eccentric plate 36, the driving hinging disc 18, the eccentric plate 36 and the driven cylinder 21 are fixedly connected into a whole, a cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 and a seed metering disc 30 are sequentially radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the outer end part of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20 from outside to inside, the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 and the seed metering disc 30 are fixedly connected into a whole, the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 is tightly supported and matched with the upper end surface of a seat plate 12 in a contact manner, a sleeve rod 9 is radially and circumferentially positioned and axially movably arranged on the inner part of a cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 at the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20, a driven hinging cylinder 7 and a plane bearing 33 are radially and axially positioned and circumferentially rotatably arranged on the sleeve rod 9, one end face of the plane bearing 33 is closely contacted and matched with the driven hinged cylinder 7, the pressure spring B29 is configured between the seed metering disc 30 and the driven hinged cylinder 7, two end faces of the pressure spring B29 are respectively contacted and matched with the seed metering disc 30 and the driven hinged cylinder 7 in a pressing mode, driven hinged sliding blocks 27 capable of sliding in grooves are respectively arranged in four seed filling cavities of the seed metering disc 30, two ends of a hinged rod B28 are respectively hinged on the driven hinged cylinder 7 and the driven hinged sliding blocks 27, filling sliding blocks 31 capable of relatively sliding in the grooves are respectively arranged in two grooves of the driven hinged sliding blocks 27, a pressure spring C32 is arranged in the grooves of the driven hinged sliding blocks 27, two ends of the pressure spring C32 are respectively contacted and matched with the driven hinged sliding blocks 27 and the filling sliding blocks 31 in a pressing mode, seed conveying plates 10 are axially and radially positioned on the driven hinged cylinder 7 in a circumferential rotatable mode, the seed conveying plate 10 is integrally positioned in the cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 and is closely contacted and matched with the seed metering disc 30, a driven hinging disc 19 is fixedly arranged on the sleeve rod 9, one end of the driven hinging disc 19 is closely contacted and matched with a plane bearing 33, the driven hinging disc 19 is circumferentially and radially positioned and axially movably arranged on two support posts 17 on the outer side wall of the seed metering adjusting box body 24, four hinging rods A22 are arranged between the driven hinging disc 19 and the driving hinging disc 18 in a staggered hinging way, a spherical nut 35 is arranged on the upper end surface of the seed metering adjusting box body 24 in a hinging way, a threaded through hole of the adjusting threaded rod 25 and the spherical nut 35 is in an inserting fit, a hinging disc sliding block 34 which can be universally rotated is hinged on the bottom end part of the adjusting threaded rod 25, the hinging disc sliding block 34 is hinged with an eccentric plate 36 through a pin shaft 37, the seed metering cylinders 8 are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 along the circumferential direction, the seed sowing barrel 8 is provided with a bending opening and closing plate 4 in a swaying way through a plate shaft 23, two end surfaces of a pressure spring A5 are respectively matched with the bending opening and closing plate 4 and a cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 in a tight pressing contact manner, the seed sowing barrel 8 is in or out of insertion fit with a through hole 11 on a seat plate 12, the bending opening and closing plate 4 is matched with an annular groove 16 on the seat plate 12 in a pressing contact manner or a releasing pressing contact manner, the two ends of the seat plate 12 are symmetrically fixedly provided with a bracket 2 at the outer side part of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6, a barrel type seed box 1 is supported and fixedly provided on the bracket 2, a seed leakage disc 3 is rotatably and hermetically arranged on the bottom of the barrel type seed box 1, and a seed conveying pipe 26 is mutually communicated with the barrel type seed box 1 and is arranged on the lower side part of the seed leakage disc 3.

When the seeding amount is adjusted according to different rice seeds and the seeding amount before the paddy rice direct seeding operation is used, the adjusting threaded rod 25 is rotated clockwise and correspondingly swings through the spherical nut 35, the disc adjusting sliding block 34 moves obliquely downwards, the disc adjusting sliding block 34 enables the eccentric plate 36 to rotate on the seed filling and seeding driving shaft 20 through the pin shaft 37, the driven cylinder 21 is driven to rotate on the seed filling and seeding driving shaft 20, the driving hinging disc 18 is driven to rotate on the seed filling and seeding driving shaft 20, meanwhile, the hinging rod A22 drives the driven hinging disc 19 transversely through the rotation of the driving hinging disc 18, the sleeve rod 9 is further pushed, the driven hinging cylinder 7 moves axially and compresses the pressure spring B29, the hinging rod B28 deflects, the driven hinging sliding block 27 is pushed, the pressure spring C32 pushes the filling sliding block 31, the filling sliding block 31 is enabled to be continuously clung to the inner wall of a seed filling cavity, the volume of a seed filling groove is reduced, and the seed filling amount is further reduced; when the adjusting threaded rod 25 is rotated counterclockwise, the seed filling amount increases in the same manner.

During operation, the starting motor 15 drives the whole circumference of the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20 to rotate, the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20 drives the seeding amount adjusting box 24 to rotate integrally, so far, the eccentric plate 36, the pin shaft 37, the driven cylinder 21, the disc adjusting sliding block 34, the driven hinging disc 19, the driving hinging disc 18, the driven hinging cylinder 7, the pressure spring C32, the pressure spring B29, the seeding disc 30, the hinging rod A22, the hinging rod B28, the seed conveying plate 10, the sleeve rod 9, the adjusting rod 32, the adjusting threaded rod 25, the driven hinging sliding block 27, the spherical nut 35, the filling sliding block 31, the plane bearing 33 and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 revolve together, the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6 rotates on the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20 under the action of the contact friction resistance between the upper surface of the seat plate 12 and the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 6, the seeding disc 30 rotates synchronously on the seed charging and discharging driving shaft 20, the driven hinging cylinder 7 rotates synchronously on the sleeve rod 9, when the upper end part of the driven hinging sliding block 27 filled with rice seeds from the seed conveying pipe 26 rotates to the through hole 11 on the seat plate 12, the seed discharging cylinder 8 is inserted into the through hole 11, the seed conveying pipe 8, the bent plate 4 on the seat plate 4 falls into the annular groove on the seat plate 13 on the outer side of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell 12, and the rice seed pressing plate 13 is pressed into the outer rolling plate 13, and the outer rolling plate 13 is pressed into the cylindrical groove on the cylindrical groove-shaped groove shape, and the rice seed pressing plate 13 is pressed into the outer rolling plate; after the seed metering is finished, the seed metering cylinder 8 rotates out of the through hole 11, the bent opening and closing plate 4 reversely rotates on the plate shaft 23 under the action of the pressure spring A5, the seed metering cylinder 8 is closed, and the continuous operation is sequentially circulated.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a but accurate regulation broadcast seed metering ware of rice of volume of broadcasting which characterized in that: the motor (15) is fixedly arranged on the center part of the lower side of the seat plate (12) which is fixedly arranged through the motor frame (14), a plurality of through holes (11) are uniformly distributed on the seat plate (12) along the circumferential direction, annular grooves (16) are formed on the upper end face of the seat plate (12) and positioned at the outer side parts of the through holes (11), seed guide pipes (13) are correspondingly arranged on the lower side part of the seat plate (12) and communicated with the through holes (11) in sequence, a seed sowing regulating box body (24) is arranged on the motor shaft of the motor (15) and positioned above the seat plate (12), two support posts (17) are fixedly arranged on two opposite side walls of the seed sowing regulating box body (24) in parallel with each other, two support posts (17) are fixedly arranged on the opposite side walls of the seed sowing regulating box body (24), the seed sowing regulating box body (20) and the motor shaft of the motor (15) are fixedly arranged, a driven cylinder (21), a driving hinging plate (18) and a driven cylinder (36) which are positioned radially and axially and rotatably in sequence and are sleeved on the middle part of the seed sowing driving cylinder (20), a driving cylinder (36) and a driving cylinder (18) and a driven cylinder (18) which are fixedly arranged on the inner end part and an eccentric cylinder (20) which are fixedly arranged on the eccentric end part of the eccentric cylinder (20) in sequence and an eccentric cylinder (20) which are fixedly arranged on the eccentric cylinder (18) A cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) and a seed metering disc (30) are rotatably arranged in the circumferential direction, the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) and the seed metering disc (30) are fixedly connected into a whole, the cylindrical outer surface of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) is tightly supported and matched with the upper end surface of a seat plate (12), a seed sowing and charging driving shaft (20) is positioned on the inner side of the seed metering disc (30), a sleeve rod (9) is radially and circumferentially positioned and axially movably arranged in the cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6), a driven hinging cylinder (7) and a plane bearing (33) are rotatably arranged on the sleeve rod (9) in the radial and axial directions, one end surface of the plane bearing (33) is tightly contacted and matched with the driven hinging cylinder (7), a pressure spring B (29) is configured between the seed metering disc (30) and the driven hinging cylinder (7), two end surfaces of the pressure spring B (29) are respectively matched with the seed metering disc (30) and the driven hinging cylinder (7) in an extrusion contact manner, driven hinging sliding blocks (27) which can slide in grooves are respectively arranged in four seed charging cavities of the cylindrical shell (6), driven hinging blocks (27) are respectively arranged in the driven hinging blocks (27) and two opposite end surfaces of the driven hinging blocks (27) which can be respectively hinged in the sliding grooves (31), the pressure spring C (32) is arranged in a groove of the driven hinged sliding block (27), two ends of the pressure spring C (32) are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the driven hinged sliding block (27) and the filling sliding block (31), four hinging rods A (22) are arranged on the driven hinged cylinder (7) in a circumferential rotatable mode in an axial and radial positioning mode, the whole seed conveying plate (10) is arranged in a cavity of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) and is in close contact fit with the seed metering disc (30), a driven hinged disc (19) is fixedly arranged on the sleeve rod (9), one end of the driven hinged disc (19) is in close contact fit with the plane bearing (33), the driven hinged disc (19) is circumferentially and radially positioned and axially movably arranged on two struts (17) on the outer side wall of the seeding quantity adjusting box body (24), four hinging rods A (22) are arranged on the position between the driven hinged disc (19) and the driving hinged disc (18) in a staggered mode, spherical nuts (35) are hinged on the upper end face of the seeding quantity adjusting box body (24), one end of the adjusting nut (25) and the spherical nuts (35) are inserted into the eccentric threaded rods (34) which are matched with the end portions of the pin shafts (34) through the eccentric threaded rods (34) which are rotatably arranged on the end portions of the adjusting pin shafts (34), the seed metering barrel (8) is uniformly distributed on the side wall of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) along the circumferential direction, the bending-shaped opening and closing plate (4) is installed on the seed metering barrel (8) in a swaying mode through the plate shaft (23), two end faces of the pressure spring A (5) are respectively in tight extrusion contact fit with the bending-shaped opening and closing plate (4) and the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6), the seed metering barrel (8) is in insertion fit or separation insertion fit with the through hole (11) on the base plate (12), the bending-shaped opening and closing plate (4) is in extrusion contact or separation extrusion contact fit with the annular groove (16) on the base plate (12), the support (2) is fixedly installed on the end portions on two sides of the base plate (12) and at the outer side position of the cylindrical groove-shaped shell (6) in a mutually symmetrical mode, the barrel-shaped seed box (1) is fixedly supported on the support (2), the seed leaking plate (3) is rotatably and hermetically installed on the bottom of the seed conveying box (1), and the seed tube (26) is mutually communicated with the barrel-shaped seed leaking plate (3).

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