CN115876041A - Supersonic velocity target outer trajectory parameter measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Supersonic velocity target outer trajectory parameter measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for measuring external ballistic parameters of a supersonic velocity target. The invention provides a supersonic speed target outer trajectory parameter measuring device which comprises two parallel detection frames, wherein each detection frame is a rectangular frame and comprises four side frames, the surfaces of the side frames opposite to each detection frame are respectively provided with a laser transmitting array and a photoelectric detector receiving array, the laser transmitting arrays and the photoelectric detector receiving arrays are arranged in a row along the side frames in sequence but unevenly, lasers and the photoelectric detectors correspond to one another to form transmitting-receiving pairs, and the two groups of laser transmitting arrays and the two groups of photoelectric detector receiving arrays are arranged in a mutually perpendicular and crossed mode. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the measurement is accurate, and the detection is sensitive; the cost is low, and the installation and debugging are convenient; the detection area of the invention is large enough; the method has the advantages of almost no limitation on the aperture of the projectile, wide application range, great improvement on adaptability and more measured parameters.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of ballistic measurement equipment and methods, in particular to a supersonic velocity target outer ballistic parameter measurement device and a measurement method.
Background art:
the projectile external ballistic parameter is an indispensable measurement parameter in the shooting range test process, and is a main index for evaluating the weapon damage performance and projectile body performance. The main testing parameters of the outer trajectory comprise projectile flying speed, landing coordinates, radio frequency, flying attitude and the like, the flying parameters generally adopt non-contact measuring methods, including an acoustic target method, a CCD (charge coupled device) intersection measuring method, an optical fiber coding method, a multi-light-screen array measuring method and the like, and most of the existing measuring methods adopt photoelectric standing targets. Many non-contact measurement systems have the problems of difficult adjustment of a collimation light path, limited test target surface, high cost and easy influence of weather.
The correlation type coding precision target emits parallel light beams by using an LED or a laser and lens combination, and irradiates a plurality of coded photodiodes to form a light curtain. Two groups of light curtains which are vertically arranged form a cross light path grid. The coordinates of the projectile can be determined according to the serial number of the photodiode with the changed state. But the effective detection target surface is limited and is generally not more than 2m multiplied by 2m; shot flight parameters which can be measured are fewer; and the number of needed photoelectric receiving and transmitting devices is large, and the cost is high. In order to obtain the screen passing time, an auxiliary light screen is necessary, which also causes complexity of the apparatus and increases factors of error generation.
Patent ZL 201921429640.9 utilizes semiconductor laser and lens structure, has realized that parallel light source seamless connection is covered with the light curtain. When the projectile passes through the light curtain, light projected on the optical fiber receiving array is shielded, the end face of the optical fiber shooting end becomes dark, black spots appear, and the projectile position coordinates are obtained through shooting by a high-speed camera and processing. The method can obtain the coordinates of the projectile, but has the following problems: the speed, azimuth angle and pitch angle of the robot cannot be measured; the application range is narrow, and the method can be only used for measuring ultra-high-speed small-caliber projectiles; real-time shooting is needed, and the requirement on the performance of a camera is high, so that the investment cost of equipment is high.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a supersonic velocity target outer trajectory parameter measuring device and a supersonic velocity target outer trajectory parameter measuring method, and aims to solve the problems that the existing measuring method is small in detection area, inconvenient to install and debug, low in measuring accuracy, easy to be influenced by interference of weather and the like during outdoor testing, incapable of measuring speed, azimuth angle and pitch angle, only capable of being used for measuring ultra-high-speed small-diameter projectiles and high in equipment investment cost.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a supersonic velocity target outer trajectory parameter measurement and measurement device, which comprises two detection frames arranged in parallel, wherein the detection frames are rectangular frames and respectively comprise four frames, and the frame surfaces opposite to the detection frames are respectively provided with a laser emission array and a photoelectric detector receiving array, and the supersonic velocity target outer trajectory parameter measurement and measurement device is characterized in that: the laser emitting array and the photoelectric detector receiving array are arranged in a row along the frame in sequence but not uniformly, wherein the lasers and the photoelectric detectors correspond to each other one by one to form an emitting-receiving pair, and the two groups of the laser emitting array and the photoelectric detector receiving array are arranged in a mutually vertical and crossed mode.
Further, the spacing between the laser and photodetector arrays increases from edge to center on each frame.
Further, the measuring method of the supersonic velocity target outer ballistic trajectory parameter measuring device comprises the following steps:
after being launched, the supersonic speed projectile penetrates through detection surfaces respectively formed by two detection frames, the generated shock wave causes the change of the refractive index of air to be sensed by a transmitting-receiving pair formed by a laser and a photoelectric detector in the transmission process of the shock wave, the energy change of a light beam is converted into an electric signal through a receiving end of the photoelectric detector, and the electric signal is summarized to a computer to obtain the time of the shock wave reaching grid lines from a virtual projectile hole; and calculating to obtain the propagation speeds of the shock waves in the upper, lower, left and right directions of the virtual bullet hole, and further obtaining pellet landing coordinates, a speed scalar, a trajectory posture and a weapon shooting rate.
Further, the weapon shooting rate is calculated as follows:
one continuous weapon fires N shots, the same detection plane measures the passing time of the N shots to obtain the time interval between the firing of the two close shots, and the firing frequency of the weapon is obtained according to the following formula
Δt i ＝|t Oi -t O(i+1) | (i＝1,2,...,N-1)
Wherein, t O1 ，t O2 ，t O3 ，......，t ON Representing the time of passage of a series of shots, Δ t i The time interval of launching two pills is similar.
Further, the calculation process of the parameters of the projectile flight speed and flight attitude is as follows: the shot penetrates through the two detection surfaces, the corresponding time when the generated shock waves reach the two virtual shot holes in four directions is obtained, the propagation speeds of the shock waves in the two virtual shot holes in the four directions are obtained, and the flight speed and flight attitude parameters of the shot are obtained by combining the distance between the two detection surfaces.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) The measurement is accurate, and the detection is sensitive: the invention aims at the requirements of high-precision measurement of landing coordinates, speed scalar quantity, ballistic attitude and the like of supersonic projectile, and provides a measurement method which is based on shock waves generated by the projectile during flying and sensed by the change of refractive index of the shock waves in the transmission process of a detection screen, and finally obtains the information of the moment when the projectile passes through the screen to measure other parameters, so that the measurement method is not influenced by the change of environmental light brightness, and meanwhile, the shock wave disturbance can be sensitively sensed by laser beams, so that the detection sensitivity is high, and the measurement precision is high. The detector arrays are sparsely distributed, so that the spacing distance is not strictly limited by technical indexes, factors caused by errors are reduced, and the measurement precision is further guaranteed.
(2) Low cost, convenient installation and debugging: compared with the uniform and dense arrangement of the detectors in the traditional method, the detector array is sparsely distributed, so the number of required sensors is greatly reduced, and the cost is saved; meanwhile, the detectors are distributed unevenly, so that the installation and debugging are convenient, and the method is more flexible and convenient compared with the traditional method.
(3) The invention uses the detector array which is arranged sparsely, and the detectors which are close to the two ends of the frame are distributed more densely, so that the area of the detection blind area is reduced, and the detection area is large enough.
(4) The method has the advantages of almost no limitation on the aperture of the projectile, wide application range, capability of adjusting the emitted laser wavelength according to different projectiles or measurement conditions and great improvement on adaptability.
(5) The invention can measure the flight parameters of the oblique incidence projectile, has no strict vertical incidence requirement on the incidence angle of the projectile, and only needs the projectile to pass through two detection surfaces; and the measurable parameters comprise pellet landing coordinates, speed scalars, ballistic attitudes, weapon firing rates and the like.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the detecting device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the measurement method of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: 1. a probe frame; 2. a laser; 3. a photodetector; 4. a transverse laser emitting array; 5. a transverse photodetector receiving array; 6. a longitudinal laser emitting array; 7. a longitudinal photodetector receiving array; 8. detecting a blind area; 9. and detecting the surface.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following specific examples are given to further clarify and fully illustrate the invention. The specific examples are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The utility model provides an outer ballistic parameter measurement measuring device of supersonic velocity target, includes two parallel arrangement's detection frame 1, detection frame 1 is rectangular frame, includes four frames respectively, the frame that detection frame 1 is relative is provided with laser emission array and photoelectric detector receiving array respectively on the surface, forms two sets of laser emission arrays and photoelectric detector receiving array, is horizontal laser emission array 4 and horizontal photoelectric detector receiving array 5, vertical laser emission array 6 and vertical photoelectric detector receiving array 7 respectively. The laser emitting array and the photoelectric detector receiving array are arranged in a row along the frame in a non-uniform mode, and a plurality of lasers 2 correspond to the photoelectric detectors 3 one by one to form a plurality of emitting-receiving pairs. The two groups of laser emitting arrays and the photoelectric detector receiving arrays are arranged in a mutually vertical and crossed mode to form a grid-shaped detection surface 9.
In the embodiment, the lasers with 3 lasers with different wavelengths are selected and arranged adjacently.
Each frame extends from the edge to the center, and the laser 2 and the photodetector 3 are arranged at intervals which are larger and larger than those of the other frames. On the formed sparse grid-shaped detection surface 9, the transmitting-receiving pairs close to the frame are distributed more densely, and the rest parts are distributed sparsely, so that the area of the detection blind area 8 is reduced, the detection precision is improved, and the cost is saved.
Based on a supersonic velocity target outer ballistic parameter measuring device, the measuring method of the invention is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, on a detection frame 1, a plurality of lasers 2 in a laser emission array emit laser with different wavelengths, which are interlaced with each other and irradiate onto receiving ends of corresponding photodetectors 3 to form a plurality of emission-reception pairs. The transverse laser emitting array 4 and the longitudinal laser emitting array 6 emit laser beams to form a grid-shaped detection surface 9. When the projectile passes through the detection surface 9, receiving end signals of the transverse photoelectric detector receiving array 5 and the longitudinal photoelectric detector receiving array 7 are gathered to a computer to obtain the projectile landing coordinates.
As shown in fig. 2, two detection frames 1 are arranged in parallel in the same manner at a certain distance. When the shot passes through the two detection surfaces, shock waves are generated and propagate at a constant speed in different directions around the virtual shot hole, the change of the refractive index of air is sensitively sensed by light beams in the propagation process, signals of receiving ends of the transverse photoelectric detector receiving array 5 and the longitudinal photoelectric detector receiving array 7 are changed due to the change of light energy, shot passing signals are obtained, and the information is gathered to a computer to be combined with system structure parameters to obtain shot trajectory attitude parameters and weapon shooting rate measurement.
The invention discloses a method for measuring the outer ballistic parameters of an ultrasonic target of a sparsely distributed detector array, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Two detection frames 1 are arranged in parallel at a distance in a room, and a burst weapon fires N shots, which are measured by a series of passing times on the same sparse mesh detection surface 9Are each t O1 ，t O2 ，t O3 ，......，t ON . Obtaining the launching time interval of two similar projectiles:
Δt 1 ＝|t O1 -t O2 |
Δt 2 ＝|t O2 -t O3 |
……
Δt i ＝|t Oi -t Oi+1 |
……
Δt N-1 ＝|t ON-1 -t ON |
it can be obtained that the shooting frequency of the weapon is
(2) When the projectile passes through the two detection surfaces 9, the propagation velocity of the shock wave in each grid can be obtained in a plurality of grids according to the specification parameters and the time parameters of the grids, and then the propagation velocities are averaged to obtain the accurate propagation velocities v of the shock wave on the left side, the right side, the lower side and the upper side of the virtual projectile hole 1 、v 2 、v 3 、v 4 . The shock wave uniformly propagates around the virtual bullet hole, the change of the refractive index of air is sensitively sensed by the light beam in the propagation process, and the signals of the receiving ends of the transverse photoelectric detector receiving array 5 and the longitudinal photoelectric detector receiving array 7 are changed due to the change of the light energy, so that the signal that the bullet passes through the target is obtained.
(3) Because the projectile has a larger caliber and just shields one (or two) light beams, the moment when the projectile tip contacts the detection surface is used as the moment t when the projectile contacts the detection surface 0 . The bullet occlusion causes the luminous flux change to be far larger than that caused by the shock wave, the time parameter extracted by the signal cannot be used for calculation (but can be used as a reference), and the situation needs to be eliminated in the calculation processing.
(4) The computer summarizes data and calculates, and the calculation process is as follows:
the projectile passes through two detection surfaces, and the generated shock wave reaches twoThe corresponding moments of the left, right, lower and upper grid lines of the virtual bullet hole are t 11 、t 21 、t 31 、t 41 And t 11 ’、t 21 ’、t 31 ’、t 41 ' the propagation velocity of the shock wave at the left, right, lower and upper parts of the two virtual bullet holes is v in turn 1 、v 2 、v 3 、v 4 And v 1 ’、v 2 ’、v 3 ’、v 4 ' and S are the distance between two detection surfaces, and the length and width of the grid where the two virtual bullet holes are located are respectively a i 、a i ' and b j 、b j '. And S is the distance between the two detection surfaces.
z＝0
z'＝S
Wherein t is 0 And t 0 ' indicating the moment when the object touches both detection surfaces, a N And b M Are the transverse and longitudinal spacing of the transmit-receive pairs in the frame of the detection face. The landing coordinates of the projectile on the two detection screen surfaces are (x, y, z) and (x ', y ', z '), L is the projectile flying distance between the two detection screen surfaces, alpha is a pitch angle, beta is an azimuth angle, and v is the projectile flying speed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an outer ballistic parameter of supersonic velocity target measures measuring device, includes two parallel arrangement's detection frame (1), detection frame (1) is rectangular frame, includes four frames respectively, the frame that detection frame (1) is relative is provided with laser instrument transmission array and photoelectric detector receiving array on the surface respectively, its characterized in that: the laser emitting arrays and the photoelectric detector receiving arrays are sequentially and unevenly arranged in a row along the frame, the lasers (2) and the photoelectric detectors (3) correspond to each other one by one to form emitting-receiving pairs, and the two groups of the laser emitting arrays and the two groups of the photoelectric detector receiving arrays are mutually and vertically arranged in a crossed manner.
2. The supersonic velocity target outer ballistic parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the interval between the laser (2) and the photoelectric detector (3) is larger and larger from the edge to the center of each frame.
3. The measuring method of the supersonic velocity target outer ballistic parameter measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
after being launched, the supersonic speed projectile penetrates through detection surfaces (9) formed by the two detection frames (1), the generated shock wave causes the change of the refractive index of air to be sensed by a transmitting-receiving pair formed by the laser (2) and the photoelectric detector (3) in the transmission process of the shock wave, the energy change of the light beam is converted into an electric signal through the receiving end of the photoelectric detector (3), and the electric signal is summarized to the computer to obtain the time of the shock wave reaching grid lines from the virtual projectile hole; and calculating to obtain the propagation speeds of the shock waves in the upper, lower, left and right directions of the virtual bullet hole, and further obtaining the shot landing coordinates, the speed scalar, the trajectory attitude and the weapon shooting rate.
4. The measurement method of the supersonic velocity target outer ballistic parameter measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the weapon shooting rate is calculated as follows:
one continuous weapon launches N bullets, the same detection surface (9) measures the passing time of the N bullets, the launching time interval of the two similar bullets is obtained, and the weapon shooting frequency is obtained according to the following formula
Δt i ＝|t Oi -t O(i+1) |(i＝1,2,...,N-1)
Wherein, t O1 ，t O2 ，t O3 ，......，t ON Representing the time of passage of a series of shots, Δ t i The time interval of launching two pills is similar.
5. The measurement method of the supersonic velocity target outer ballistic parameter measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the calculation process of the parameters of the projectile flight speed and flight attitude is as follows: the shot penetrates through the two detection surfaces, the corresponding time when the generated shock waves reach the two virtual shot holes in four directions is obtained, then the propagation speeds of the shock waves in the two virtual shot holes in the four directions are obtained, and the flying speed and flying attitude parameters of the shot are obtained by combining the distance between the two detection surfaces (9).
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