CN115874243B - Preparation method of cooking pot - Google Patents
Preparation method of cooking pot Download PDFInfo
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- CN115874243B CN115874243B CN202211279802.1A CN202211279802A CN115874243B CN 115874243 B CN115874243 B CN 115874243B CN 202211279802 A CN202211279802 A CN 202211279802A CN 115874243 B CN115874243 B CN 115874243B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a cooking pot, which comprises the following steps of: s1, uniformly and regularly distributing pits on the inner wall of an aluminum alloy blank, wherein the pits are vertical to a sprayed surface where the pits are positioned; s2, polishing to remove fine burrs at the edges of the pits; s3, forming an oxide film on the inner wall of the low-temperature anodic aluminum alloy blank; wherein the oxide film sequentially comprises a surface loose layer and a compact oxide layer along the thickness direction of the blank; wherein the dense oxide layer has a higher hardness than the surface porous layer; s4, physically polishing to remove a dense oxide layer of the surface loose layer for coating the non-adhesive layer; according to the invention, the oxide film layer with high hardness and round and smooth surface is integrally arranged on the surface of the blank body, so that uniform and compact film formation of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is facilitated, and the non-tackiness of the cooking pot is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface treatment of non-stick cookware, in particular to a preparation method of a cooking pot, which improves the compactness and stability of a non-stick layer by improving the strength and uniformity of an oxide film on the surface of an aluminum alloy.
Background
The non-stick pan means various appliances such as a non-stick frying pan, a non-stick soup pan and the like, which are provided with a non-stick coating on the inner surface of the pan for cooking food. The non-stick coating in different areas of the inner surface of the pot is in contact with food for different time, and the area from the bottom of the pot to two thirds of the volume of the pot is often in contact with food, and the area is in a high temperature state for a long time and is in direct contact with acidic or alkaline food materials, so that the non-stick coating is easy to fall off.
The non-stick coating of the non-stick cookware is easy to fall off to cause the following problems: the non-sticking function of the cooker is lost, so that food is stuck to the inner wall of the cooker; the food is easy to be burnt after being stuck to the pot, so that the quality of the food is poor, and even harmful substances are generated to influence the health of a human body.
The common non-stick cookware in the current market generally adopts a common shot blasting process as the surface treatment of a substrate before spraying the non-stick coating, and then the surface is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene non-stick coating, which has the defects of low hardness, wear resistance and short service life; the existing meltallizing technology, such as flame meltallizing, plasma meltallizing, arc meltallizing, etc., is characterized by adding a layer of metal alloy with iron, titanium, stainless steel, etc. as main components on the inner wall of the pot body as high-hardness base material, and then coating polytetrafluoroethylene non-stick coating on the surface. The processes are used for increasing the wear resistance of the inner wall of the pot and prolonging the service life of the pot, but the energy loss of flame fusion, plasma fusion or arc fusion is large, which is not beneficial to environmental protection. On the other hand, a metal layer is additionally arranged on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank, and the heat resistance of different metal materials is different, so that the fused-jet layer is separated from the base material, and the aluminum alloy blank is easy to deform, so that the non-sticky coating is separated.
The surface of the meltallizing layer is not smooth, so that the non-adhesive coating is sprayed unevenly and is easy to have fine micro holes, and when acid and alkaline foods are cooked, acid and alkaline liquid can infiltrate into the non-adhesive coating through the fine micro holes until corrosion is generated between the meltallizing layer and the aluminum substrate, so that the coating is separated, and the cooker cannot be normally used. Therefore, there is a need to design a cooking pot with improved durability and ultra-strong corrosion resistance and a manufacturing method thereof to overcome the above difficulties.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a cooking pot, which is characterized in that an oxide film layer with high hardness and round and smooth surface is integrally arranged on the surface of a blank body, so that uniform and compact film formation of a polytetrafluoroethylene layer is facilitated, and the non-tackiness of the cooking pot is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the cooking pot comprises the following steps of:
s1, uniformly and regularly distributing pits on the inner wall of an aluminum alloy blank body through high-pressure shot blasting, wherein the pits are perpendicular to a sprayed surface where the pits are positioned;
s2, removing fine burrs formed by shot blasting at the edges of the pits in the S1 by plasma polishing;
s3, performing low-temperature anodic oxidation, wherein an oxide film growing on the inner wall of the blank is formed on the side, provided with the pit, of the inner wall of the aluminum alloy blank of the S2; wherein the oxide film sequentially comprises a surface loose layer and a compact oxide layer along the thickness direction of the blank;
wherein the dense oxide layer has a higher hardness than the surface porous layer;
s4, removing a surface loose layer on the surface of the blank body through physical polishing, and coating a compact oxide layer of the non-adhesive layer;
s5, spraying a non-stick layer on the surface of the compact oxide layer prepared in the S4 to obtain the target cooking pot.
The specific process of the high-pressure shot blasting in the preferred S1 is as follows:
the working pressure of the spray gun is 0.8 to 0.95MPa;
the spray head of the spray gun is vertical to the sprayed surface;
the spray head of the spray gun and the sprayed surface of the inner wall of the blank body keep the same distance L, wherein L is 10-20 cm;
the rigid ejectors used in the shot blasting process are one or more of steel grit, steel balls and diamond particles;
the diameter of the rigid jet is 0.6mm to 2.0mm.
The invention effectively ensures that the pits are perpendicular to the plane of the pits by controlling the action surface, the action direction and the acting force in the shot blasting process, and is favorable for being matched with the subsequent surface treatment process to obtain a continuous round surface for coating the non-sticky layer.
The specific mode of the high-pressure shot blasting in the preferred S1 is as follows:
forming a concentric circle array by the continuous rotary movement track of the high-pressure shot blasting, and sequentially shot blasting the pot bottom, the transition area of the pot bottom and the side wall from the center of the pot bottom of the cooking pot;
until pits with equal depth are regularly and uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank.
In the invention, the high-pressure shot blasting is to take the center position of the bottom of the pan as the center of a concentric circle to gradually shot the plane of the bottom of the pan by rotating the spray head; continuously maintaining a circular moving track concentric with the pan bottom in a transition area of the pan bottom and the side wall to rotate the shot blasting; the spraying side wall keeps concentric circle rotation to finish the shot blasting of the side wall area with the same height; the shot blasting of the sidewall area is completed with the change of the spray height.
The method for detecting the regular dispersion degree of pits prepared by high-pressure shot blasting in the step S1 preferably comprises the following steps:
s11, placing the aluminum alloy blank subjected to high-pressure shot blasting on a measuring platform;
s12, setting at least 10 to 20 ultrasonic measurement points equidistant to the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route formed by the first detection position of the aluminum alloy blank, the surface of the transition area, the surface of the bottom of the pan, the surface of the transition area and the second detection position of the side wall at intervals; wherein the first detection position of the side wall is opposite to the second detection position of the side wall;
s13, ultrasonically detecting the depth of a pit on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route, obtaining pit depth data which are prepared by the same shot blasting process parameters along the detection moving route, and collecting the pit depth data along the pit depth data to prepare an average depth comparison line of the pit;
s14, conveying the aluminum alloy blank to be detected, which is subjected to pit processing by the same shot blasting process parameter, to a measuring platform, ultrasonically measuring pit distribution conditions on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route to obtain a pit depth actual distribution curve, comparing the pit depth actual distribution curve with an average depth comparison line under the same shot blasting process parameter, judging whether fluctuation of the actual pit depth distribution curve relative to the average depth comparison line is within a set threshold value, and determining that the obtained aluminum alloy blank enters S2 or is subjected to recovery treatment.
And the degree of regular distribution of the pits is evaluated, so that the uneven aluminum alloy blanks on the surface of the pits can be screened, and the uneven compactness of the non-sticky cooking pot manufactured by the screened aluminum alloy blanks is ensured.
Preferably, in S3, the aluminum alloy blank subjected to S2 is placed into an oxidation tank for anode hard oxidation, and the liquid in the oxidation tank is H with the mass fraction of 18-26% 2 SO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The operating temperature of the oxidation tank is between-7 ℃ and 1 ℃.
The process parameters for the anodic hard oxidation in S3 are preferably as follows:
the initial voltage is 15 to 20V, the end voltage is 40 to 50V, and the control voltage rises at a rate of 0.5V/min to 2V/min;
the oxidation initiation current density was 0.5A/dm 2 The current density was gradually increased to 2.5A/dm in steps 2 To 3.0A/dm 2 The current is then kept constant until the oxidation is completed.
The current density is preferably stepped up to a constant current density in 5 to 8 times in 20 to 30mi n. According to the invention, the surface loose layer is prepared by gradually increasing the current temperature to gradually generate an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank and then forming loose holes on the surface of the obtained oxide film by using increased current, and the current and the electrolyte further act to improve the movement of the compact oxide layer while preparing the surface loose layer, so that the screening and the lifting of the compact oxide layer are realized.
Preferably the oxidation time is from 20 to 30 minutes. And the oxidation time is ensured, and the sufficient formation time is given to the compact oxidation layer and the surface loose layer.
The thickness of the oxide film is preferably 50 μm to 60 μm; wherein the hardness of the surface loose layer is HRC36 or more, the hardness of the compact oxide layer is HRC60 or more, and the thickness of the compact oxide layer is 25-40 μm. And screening out a compact oxide layer with qualified hardness by low-temperature anodic oxidation.
Preferably, the uniform compactness of the non-adhesive layer on the surface of the target cooking pot prepared by the step S5 is detected, and the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
s61, vertically photographing along the surface vertical to one side of the to-be-detected cooking pot coated with the non-stick layer to obtain a sampling image with a fixed area more than 20 parts, wherein the vertically photographed position comprises a pot bottom, a side wall and a transition area between the pot bottom and the side wall of the cooking pot;
s62, taking the gray value of a pixel at any point in the image, and radiating outwards by taking the point as the center; performing difference comparison operation on the pixel gray value of the adjacent point and the gray value of the point to obtain a difference value delta T, and recording the comparison quantity X;
s63, if the X value is greater than 60% of the pixel points of the sampling image, averaging the recorded gray values of the adjacent points to obtain a standard gray value T Standard of ；
S64, when delta T and T in any sampling image of the cooking pot to be detected Standard of The absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to 10, and the uniformity of the non-stick layer of the obtained cooking pot is qualified; such as δT and T Standard of And if the absolute value of the difference is greater than 10, the uniformity of the non-adhesive layer on the surface of the obtained cooking pot is unqualified, and recovery treatment is carried out. According to the invention, through detecting the gray level change of the images which are round, continuous and regularly perpendicular to the surface of the pit on the side wall of the metal blank, the uniformity of the surface of the cooking utensil is detected by an image detection method, and the quality control is high-efficiency and strict.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, pits are uniformly and regularly distributed on the inner wall of an aluminum alloy blank body, the pits are vertical to a sprayed surface where the pits are positioned, polishing and low-temperature anodic oxidation are further matched to prepare an oxide film, the hardness of a dense oxide layer at the bottom layer of the oxide film and the construction of a loose surface layer are carried out by utilizing anodic oxidation current in the anodic oxidation process, and then the loose surface layer with relatively low hardness of the dense oxide layer at the surface of the aluminum alloy blank body is removed, so that the stable structural support of the dense oxide layer on a non-adhesive layer uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank body is obtained;
the compact oxide layer integrally connected to the blank body has high hardness and continuous regular smooth surface with pits for coating the compact non-stick layer, the hardness and the flatness of the compact oxide layer contacted with the non-stick layer are enhanced, uniform, continuous and compact coating of the non-stick layer is ensured, the hardness of the compact oxide layer tightly adhered to the non-stick layer can reach more than HRC60, namely the stable and non-deformation of the compact non-stick layer structure is effectively ensured, the falling risk of the non-stick layer is reduced, and the service life of the cooking pot is prolonged;
compared with the prior art, the method adopts the conception of subtraction to prepare the compact oxide layer of the aluminum alloy blank and heat and strengthen the stable connection of the aluminum alloy blank and the non-adhesive layer by adding the result reinforcing layer arranged in the split structure to strengthen the stability and the compactness of the non-adhesive layer.
Aiming at the characteristics of smoothness and roundness of the surface of the prepared cooking pot and pits uniformly and regularly distributed, the invention acquires sampling images with a fixed area of more than 20 parts by taking a vertical picture along the surface vertical to one side of the cooking pot coated with a non-stick layer to be detected, wherein the vertical picture taking position comprises a pot bottom, a side wall and a transition area between the pot bottom and the side wall of the cooking pot; by sampling δT and T in multiple images Standard of And the uniformity of the surface of the cooking pot obtained by poor evaluation is carried out, so that the effectiveness and the high efficiency of quality control of the cooking pot are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the surface treatment of an aluminum alloy billet according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of high pressure shot blasting during the preparation of a cooking pot in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an aluminum alloy billet with uniform regular pits produced in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a surface state diagram of a cooking pot made in accordance with the present invention after abrasion resistance testing;
FIG. 6 is a surface state diagram of a D21# cooking pot after abrasion resistance testing in the prior art;
FIG. 7 is a surface state diagram of a cooking pot made in accordance with the present invention after corrosion resistance testing;
fig. 8 is a surface state diagram of a d21# cooking pot after corrosion resistance testing in the prior art.
In the figure:
an aluminum alloy blank 110; pit 111; an oxide film 120; a surface loosening layer 121; a dense oxide layer 122; a spray gun 2.
Detailed Description
In order to further explain the technical scheme of the invention, the invention is explained in detail by specific examples.
The embodiment discloses a preparation method of a cooking pot, the cooking pot is provided with an aluminum alloy blank 110 and a compact non-stick layer coated on the blank, and the surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy blank shown in fig. 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly and regularly distributing pits 111 on the inner wall of an aluminum alloy blank body through high-pressure shot blasting, wherein the pits are perpendicular to a sprayed surface where the pits are positioned, as shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4;
in this embodiment, the aluminum alloy blank is an aluminum-silicon cast alloy ZL101, or may be a cast aluminum alloy such as ZL102, ZL105A, ZL107, ZL110 or ZL 108.
In the S1, the aluminum alloy blank is fixed on a rotary fixing disc with adjustable rotating speed in the high-pressure shot blasting process, and the spray gun 2 automatically stretches, rotates and swings relative to the aluminum alloy blank rotating in the horizontal direction to manufacture pits.
The specific process of the high-pressure shot blasting in the step S1 is as follows:
the spray head of the spray gun with the pressure of 0.8 to 0.95MPa is vertical to the sprayed surface;
the spray head of the spray gun is kept at the same distance L from the sprayed surface of the inner wall of the blank body.
The rigid ejectors used in the shot blasting process are one or more of steel grit, steel balls and diamond particles;
diameter of rigid jet. The gun operating pressure and L are shown in table 1.
The specific mode of the high-pressure shot blasting in the preferred S1 is as follows:
forming a concentric circle array by the continuous rotary movement track of the high-pressure shot blasting, and sequentially shot blasting the pot bottom, the transition area of the pot bottom and the side wall from the center of the pot bottom of the cooking pot;
until pits with equal depth are regularly and uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank.
In the invention, the high-pressure shot blasting is to take the center position of the bottom of the pan as the center of a concentric circle to gradually shot the plane of the bottom of the pan by rotating the spray head; continuously maintaining a circular moving track concentric with the pan bottom in a transition area of the pan bottom and the side wall to rotate the shot blasting; the spraying side wall keeps concentric circle rotation to finish the shot blasting of the side wall area with the same height; the shot blasting of the sidewall area is completed with the change of the spray height.
The method for detecting the regular dispersion degree of pits prepared by high-pressure shot blasting in the step S1 in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s11, placing the aluminum alloy blank subjected to high-pressure shot blasting on a measuring platform;
s12, setting at least 10 to 20 ultrasonic measurement points equidistant to the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route formed by the first detection position of the aluminum alloy blank, the surface of the transition area, the surface of the bottom of the pan, the surface of the transition area and the second detection position of the side wall at intervals; wherein the first detection position of the side wall is opposite to the second detection position of the side wall;
s13, ultrasonically detecting the depth of a pit on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route, obtaining pit depth data which are prepared by the same shot blasting process parameters along the detection moving route, and collecting the pit depth data along the pit depth data to prepare an average depth comparison line of the pit;
s14, conveying the aluminum alloy blank to be detected, which is subjected to pit processing by the same shot blasting process parameter, to a measuring platform, measuring pit distribution conditions on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank by ultrasonic waves along a detection moving route to obtain a pit depth actual distribution curve, comparing the pit depth actual distribution curve with an average depth comparison line under the same shot blasting process parameter, judging fluctuation of the actual pit depth distribution curve relative to the average depth comparison line, enabling the aluminum alloy blank with fluctuation within a set threshold to enter S2, and carrying out aluminum alloy recovery processing on the aluminum alloy blank with fluctuation not within the set threshold, wherein the qualification rate of regular dispersion of pits of the aluminum alloy blank with the fluctuation passing through S1 is 97.1%, so that the acquisition of a compact uniform non-adhesive layer is facilitated.
And the degree of regular distribution of the pits is evaluated, so that the uneven aluminum alloy blanks on the surface of the pits can be screened, and the uneven compactness of the non-sticky cooking pot manufactured by the screened aluminum alloy blanks is ensured.
Through the present embodiment
S2, polishing to remove fine burrs formed by shot blasting at the edges of the pits in the S1;
and (3) carrying out plasma polishing treatment on the aluminum alloy blank.
S3, forming an oxide film 120 growing on the inner wall of the blank body on the side, provided with the pits, of the inner wall of the aluminum alloy blank body subjected to low-temperature anodic oxidation in S2; wherein the oxide film comprises a surface loose layer 121 and a dense oxide layer 122 in sequence along the thickness direction of the blank;
wherein the dense oxide layer 122 has a higher hardness than the surface bulk layer 121;
placing the aluminum alloy blank subjected to S2 into an oxidation tank for anode hard oxidation, wherein the liquid in the oxidation tank is H with the mass fraction of 22 percent 2 SO 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The operating temperature of the oxidation tank is between-7 ℃ and 1 ℃.
The technological parameters of the anode hard oxidation are as follows:
the initial voltage is 15V, the end voltage is 50V, and the control voltage rises at a rate of 0.5V/min to 2V/min;
the oxidation initiation current density was 0.5A/dm 2 The current density was stepped up to remain constant to 2.8A/dm for 6 times in 30mi n 2 The current is then kept constant until the oxidation is completed.
The oxidation time was 30 minutes.
As shown in fig. 1, the thickness of the oxide film was 58 μm; wherein the hardness of the surface loose layer is HRC36 or more;
s4, removing a surface loose layer on the surface of the blank body through physical polishing, and coating a compact oxide layer of the non-adhesive layer.
The hardness of the compact oxide layer is HRC60 or more, wherein the thickness of the compact oxide layer is 30 μm.
S5, spraying a non-stick layer on the surface of the compact oxide layer prepared in the S4 to obtain the target cooking pot.
The uniform compactness of the non-adhesive layer on the surface of the target cooking pot manufactured through the step S5 is detected, and the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
s61, vertically photographing along the surface vertical to one side of the to-be-detected cooking pot coated with the non-stick layer to obtain a sampling image with a fixed area more than 20 parts, wherein the vertically photographed position comprises a pot bottom, a side wall and a transition area between the pot bottom and the side wall of the cooking pot;
s62, taking the gray value of a pixel at any point in the image, and radiating outwards by taking the point as the center; performing difference comparison operation on the pixel gray value of the adjacent point and the gray value of the point to obtain a difference value delta T, and recording the comparison quantity X;
s63, if the X value is greater than 60% of the pixel points of the sampling image, averaging the recorded gray values of the adjacent points to obtain a standard gray value T Standard of ；
S64, when delta T and T in any sampling image of the cooking pot to be detected Standard of The absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to 10, and the uniformity of the non-stick layer of the obtained cooking pot is qualified; such as δT and T Standard of And if the absolute value of the difference is greater than 10, the uniformity of the non-adhesive layer on the surface of the obtained cooking pot is unqualified, and recovery treatment is carried out.
And spraying a non-stick layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank with the compact oxide layer to prepare the cooking pot.
Sample pan 1# -6# adopts the embodiment of the present invention: the spray direction of the spray gun is vertical to the sprayed surface, the distance between the spray gun opening and the sprayed surface is 10 CM to 20CM, the pressure is 0.6MPa to 0.95MPa, and the size phi of the used steel shot is 0.6 to 2.0.
The comparison cookware D1# to D4# adopts the conventional existing shot blasting technology, the shot blasting pressure is 0.4MPa, and the shot blasting thickness is 80 meshes.
TABLE 1 aluminum alloy embryo undergoes Medium-high pressure peening and prior art peening surface hardness variation in accordance with the present invention
| Sample of | Shot peening pressure | Coarse and fine diamond grain | Hardness of embryo |
| Cooker 1 #) | 0.8MPa | φ0.6 | 43.5HBS |
| Cooker 2 #) | 0.8MPa | φ0.8 | 44HBS |
| Cooker 3 #) | 0.9MPa | φ0.6 | 44HBS |
| Cooker 4 #) | 0.9MPa | φ0.8 | 44.5HBS |
| Cooker 5 #) | 0.95MPa | φ0.6 | 44.5HBS |
| Cooker 6 #) | 0.95MPa | φ0.8 | 44.5HBS |
| Comparison pot D1# | 0.4MPa | 80 mesh | 30.5HBS |
| Comparison pot D2#, a pot | 0.4MPa | 80 mesh | 30HBS |
| Contrast potD3# | 0.4MPa | 80 mesh | 31.5HBS |
| Comparison cookware D4# | 0.4MPa | 80 mesh | 31.5HBS |
| Comparison pot D5# | 0.4MPa | 80 mesh | 31.5HBS |
The pan 11# -20# is treated by adopting the embodiment, and a physical polishing method is adopted after the hard oxidation, a 180-mesh polishing wheel is adopted for rotary polishing, so that a loose layer on the surface is removed; the comparison pot D1# -D5# is not subjected to subsequent treatment after being subjected to hard oxidation.
TABLE 2 comparison of surface hardness of aluminum alloy blanks after the surface treatment method of aluminum alloy blanks in this example
As can be seen from Table 2, the present invention uses the control of low temperature anodic oxidation parameters to reversely screen the hardness of the compact oxide layer, and combines with physical polishing to obtain aluminum alloy blank sprayed non-stick layers with high hardness suitable for spraying to obtain compact continuous non-stick layers, such as polytetrafluoroethylene to obtain cookware 21# -30. The cookware is compared with cookware 21# by the high pressure sand blasting shot blasting process of the present embodiment, and the low temperature anodic oxidation of the present embodiment is performed, holes are made on the oxide layer surface without removing the surface loose layer, and then aluminum alloy surface sprayed non-stick layers with the same material as cookware 21# 30 are provided with non-stick layers with the same thickness as cookware 21# 30. The cookware D21# to D25# as comparison.
According to the standard GB/T32095.2-2015, carrying out non-tackiness and wear resistance tests on the cookers 21# -30# and the cookers D21# to D25# of the comparison cookers, wherein the non-tackiness tests are qualified; the wear resistance is evaluated as the absence of obvious abrasion marks on the non-stick layer and the bare substrate. The abrasion resistance of the invention is tested for cookers 21# to cookers 30# and 1O port cookers, 60000 cycles are performed, and no obvious abrasion mark and naked substrate are found, as shown in fig. 5. While 11000 cycles of the comparative cookware D21# through D25# did not show significant wear marks and bare substrates, and 12000 cycles began to show significant wear marks and bare substrates, as shown in FIG. 6.
According to the standard GB/T32095.3-2015, corrosion resistance tests are respectively carried out on the cookware 21# -30# and the comparison cookware manufactured according to the embodiment, wherein the evaluation indexes are that the surfaces are flat, the colors are uniform, no air holes, no cracks, no foaming and no falling are formed, the surface states of the sample cookware 21# to 30# subjected to the corrosion resistance tests are shown in a figure 7, the pictures of the comparison cookware D21# to D25# subjected to the corrosion resistance tests are shown in a figure 8, and compared with the figure, the continuous smooth high-hardness aluminum alloy blank for loading the non-stick layer is constructed, so that the continuity and the stability of the non-stick layer are fully ensured, and the cooking cookware 21# to 30# manufactured according to the invention has the advantages that the surfaces are flat, no trace, the structural stability of the non-stick layer is fully embodied, and the non-stick structure is complete after the corrosion resistance tests; the anti-observation comparison cookware D21# to D25 is subjected to corrosion resistance test, and the surface morphology of the cookware is changed, and the comparison of pictures shows that although the corrosion resistance of the cookware D21# to D25 cookware manufactured by the method can be controlled by GB/T32095.3-2015, the corrosion resistance of the non-adhesive layer of the cookware manufactured by the method is better as shown by combining the morphology changes of fig. 7 and 8, and the method is proved to utilize the optimization and construction of the high-hardness, round and smooth compact oxide layer on the surface of the blank body, so that the structural stability of the non-adhesive layer and the compactness of the film layer are effectively improved.
In combination with table 1, table 2 and fig. 5 to 8, pits are uniformly and regularly distributed on the inner wall of an aluminum alloy blank body, are vertical to a sprayed surface where the pits are positioned, and are further matched with plasma polishing and low-temperature anodic oxidation to prepare an oxide film, particularly, in the low-temperature anodic oxidation process, an oxide layer is gradually formed after the current of the low-temperature anodic oxidation is controlled to gradually rise step by step, and firstly, the existence of the regular pits is beneficial to the rapid and deep progress of the low-temperature anodic oxidation; further increasing the current to enable the surface of the oxide layer to generate a pore structure, further enhancing and densifying the hardness of a dense oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank body by the electrolyte and the current when the pore structure is produced on the surface layer of the oxide layer, and then removing a surface loose layer with relatively low hardness of the dense oxide layer on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank body so as to obtain a stable structural support of the dense oxide layer on the non-adhesive layer uniformly distributed on the surface of the dense oxide layer; the invention promotes the formation of an oxide layer by utilizing low-temperature anodic oxidation and pit matching, further utilizes the process adjustment of increasing the low-temperature anodic oxidation current to the surface of the oxide film to form holes which are unfavorable for the oxide film to obtain a compact oxide layer integrally connected with a blank body, and combines physical polishing to prepare the surface which has high hardness and is used for coating the compact non-stick layer and is provided with pits continuously and regularly, the hardness and the flatness of the compact oxide layer contacted with the non-stick layer are enhanced, the uniform, continuous and compact coating of the non-stick layer is ensured, the hardness of the compact oxide layer tightly adhered and connected with the non-stick layer can reach more than HRC60, namely the stable and non-deformation of the compact non-stick layer structure is effectively ensured, the falling risk of the non-stick layer is reduced, and the service life of a cooking pot is prolonged; compared with the prior art, the method adopts the conception of subtraction to prepare the compact oxide layer of the aluminum alloy blank and heat and strengthen the stable connection of the aluminum alloy blank and the non-adhesive layer by adding the result reinforcing layer arranged in the split structure to strengthen the stability and the compactness of the non-adhesive layer.
The qualification rate of the surface uniformity of the cooking pot prepared by the method can reach 99.8%, the qualification rate of the metal layer contacted with the non-stick layer prepared by hot melt injection in the prior art is 96.2% by the same surface uniformity test, and the wear resistance and acid and alkali resistance of the cooking pot prepared by the method can be ensured due to the compactness of the non-stick layer obtained by the uniform surface.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing a cooking pot, the cooking pot is provided with an aluminum alloy blank and a compact non-stick layer coated on the blank, and the method is characterized in that:
the surface treatment method of the aluminum alloy blank comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly and regularly distributing pits on the inner wall of an aluminum alloy blank body through high-pressure shot blasting, wherein the pits are perpendicular to a sprayed surface where the pits are positioned;
the working pressure of the spray gun in the high-pressure shot blasting is 0.8 to 0.95MPa; the diameter of the rigid shot used in the shot blasting process is 0.6mm to 2.0mm;
s2, removing fine burrs formed by shot blasting at the edges of the pits in the S1 by plasma polishing;
s3, performing low-temperature anodic oxidation, wherein an oxide film growing on the inner wall of the blank is formed on the side, provided with the pit, of the inner wall of the aluminum alloy blank of the S2; wherein the oxide film sequentially comprises a compact oxide layer and a surface loose layer along the thickness direction of the blank;
wherein the dense oxide layer has a higher hardness than the surface porous layer;
the anodic oxidation process parameters in S3 are as follows:
the initial voltage is 15-20V, the end voltage is 40-50V, and the control voltage rises at a rate of 0.5-2V/min;
the oxidation initiation current density was 0.5A/dm 2 The current density was gradually increased to 2.5A/dm in steps 2 To 3.0. 3.0A/dm 2 Then keeping the current constant until the oxidation is finished;
the oxidation pond liquid is H with the mass fraction of 18-26% 2 SO 4 ;
S4, removing a surface loose layer on the surface of the blank body through physical polishing, wherein the surface loose layer is used for coating a compact oxide layer of the non-stick layer, and the physical polishing is polishing wheel rotary polishing;
s5, spraying a non-stick layer on the surface of the compact oxide layer prepared in the S4 to obtain the target cooking pot.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the specific process of the high-pressure shot blasting in the step S1 is as follows:
the spray head of the spray gun is vertical to the sprayed surface;
the spray head of the spray gun and the sprayed surface of the inner wall of the blank body keep the same distance L, wherein L is 10-20 cm;
the rigid jet used in the shot blasting process is one or more of steel grit, steel balls and diamond particles.
3. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the specific mode of the high-pressure shot blasting in the S1 is as follows:
forming a concentric circle array by the continuous rotary movement track of the high-pressure shot blasting, and sequentially shot blasting the pot bottom, the transition area of the pot bottom and the side wall from the center of the pot bottom of the cooking pot;
until pits with equal depth are regularly and uniformly distributed on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank.
4. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the method for detecting the regular dispersion degree of the pits prepared by the high-pressure shot blasting in the step S1 comprises the following steps:
s11, placing the aluminum alloy blank subjected to high-pressure shot blasting on a measuring platform;
s12, setting at least 10 to 20 ultrasonic measurement points equidistant to the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route formed by the first detection position of the aluminum alloy blank, the surface of the transition area, the surface of the bottom of the pan, the surface of the transition area and the second detection position of the side wall at intervals; wherein the first detection position of the side wall is opposite to the second detection position of the side wall;
s13, ultrasonically detecting the depth of a pit on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route, obtaining pit depth data which are prepared by the same shot blasting process parameters along the detection moving route, and collecting the pit depth data along the pit depth data to prepare an average depth comparison line of the pit;
s14, conveying the aluminum alloy blank to be detected, which is subjected to pit processing by the same shot blasting process parameter, to a measuring platform, ultrasonically measuring pit distribution conditions on the surface of the aluminum alloy blank along a detection moving route to obtain a pit depth actual distribution curve, comparing the pit depth actual distribution curve with an average depth comparison line under the same shot blasting process parameter, judging whether fluctuation of the actual pit depth distribution curve relative to the average depth comparison line is within a set threshold value, and determining that the obtained aluminum alloy blank enters S2 or is subjected to recovery treatment.
5. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: and S3, placing the aluminum alloy blank subjected to the step S2 into an oxidation tank for anode hard oxidation, wherein the working temperature of the oxidation tank is between 7 ℃ below zero and 1 ℃.
6. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the current density was stepped up to a constant current density in 5 to 8 times over 20 to 30 minutes.
7. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the oxidation time is 20 to 30 minutes.
8. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the oxide film is 50 μm to 60 μm; wherein the hardness of the surface loose layer is HRC36 or more, the hardness of the compact oxide layer is HRC60 or more, and the thickness of the compact oxide layer is 25-40 μm.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the uniform compactness of the non-adhesive layer on the surface of the target cooking pot manufactured through the step S5 is detected, and the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
s61, vertically photographing along the surface vertical to one side of the to-be-detected cooking pot coated with the non-stick layer to obtain a sampling image with a fixed area more than 20 parts, wherein the vertically photographed position comprises a pot bottom, a side wall and a transition area between the pot bottom and the side wall of the cooking pot;
s62, taking the gray value of a pixel at any point in the image, and radiating outwards by taking the point as the center; performing difference comparison operation on the pixel gray value of the adjacent point and the gray value of the point to obtain a difference value delta T, and recording the comparison quantity X;
s63, if the X value is greater than 60% of the pixel points of the sampling image, averaging the recorded gray values of the adjacent points to obtain a standard gray value T Standard of ；
S64, when delta T and T in any sampling image in the cooking pot to be detected Standard of The absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to 10, and the uniformity of the non-stick layer of the obtained cooking pot is qualified; such as δT and T Standard of And if the absolute value of the difference is greater than 10, the uniformity of the non-adhesive layer on the surface of the obtained cooking pot is unqualified, and recovery treatment is carried out.
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| CN101396229A (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2009-04-01 | 浙江苏泊尔股份有限公司 | Production method of lotus leaf type non-sticking cooking utensils |
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| KR20160117377A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-10 | 제니스 주식회사 | Aluminium plate, manufacturing method thereof, and cooking vessel manufactured by using the same |
| CN108251876A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-07-06 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of adhesive technology for being used to improve aluminum alloy junction component switching performance |
| CN111802901A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-10-23 | 江门市伊尔乐厨卫电器有限公司 | Production method of aluminum alloy cookware with rolled and sprayed inner surface |
| US11464358B1 (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | Hpc Brands, Llc | Cooking pan |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4727226B2 (en) * | 2004-12-28 | 2011-07-20 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Surface-treated light alloy member and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN101396229A (en) * | 2008-10-13 | 2009-04-01 | 浙江苏泊尔股份有限公司 | Production method of lotus leaf type non-sticking cooking utensils |
| CN103911567A (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2014-07-09 | 山东理工大学 | Method for preparing an aluminum alloy adhesion-resistant surface based on ball throwing-anodic oxidation composite method |
| KR20160117377A (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2016-10-10 | 제니스 주식회사 | Aluminium plate, manufacturing method thereof, and cooking vessel manufactured by using the same |
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| US11464358B1 (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2022-10-11 | Hpc Brands, Llc | Cooking pan |
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