CN115870381A - Three-dimensional bending method for metal bar - Google Patents
Three-dimensional bending method for metal bar Download PDFInfo
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- CN115870381A CN115870381A CN202211681416.5A CN202211681416A CN115870381A CN 115870381 A CN115870381 A CN 115870381A CN 202211681416 A CN202211681416 A CN 202211681416A CN 115870381 A CN115870381 A CN 115870381A
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- die
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- bending
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010080 roll forging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for three-way bending of a metal bar, which relates to the field of metal forging and is based on a three-way bending die, and comprises the following steps: (1) Placing a metal bar to be bent between the first movable die and the fixed die, and enabling the middle of the metal bar to be opposite to the concave part; (2) Enabling the first movable die to move towards the fixed die, enabling the concave part to be matched with the fixed die to tightly press and fix the metal bar, bending the middle part of the metal bar, and stopping moving after the first movable die reaches a preset position; (3) Enabling the second movable die and the third movable die to move towards the fixed die simultaneously, respectively pressing two ends of the metal bar onto the fixed die, and flattening two ends of the metal bar by the second movable die and the third movable die; (4) And the first movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die are withdrawn to the original positions, and then the bent metal bar is taken out. The invention can carry out three-dimensional bending and head flattening on the metal bar, thereby reducing the defects of folding and the like in the bending process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal forging, in particular to a three-dimensional bending method for a metal bar.
Background
The forging process of the aluminum alloy is complex, and the final performance of the product is influenced by the deformation of each process step. For complex parts with uneven volume distribution, the complex parts are generally formed through the steps of blank making, pre-forging, finish forging and the like. The volume distribution of the blank can be changed through blank making, so that the shape of the blank is matched with the contour of the forging. Bending is an important blank making process, and means that the central axis of a blank is bent by a certain angle under the action of force, so that the central axis of the blank is matched with the central axis of a forging. The bending process directly influences the filling type of the blank during the pre-forging and the finish forging forming, and the control of the process is very critical.
For a variable cross-section aluminum alloy bar (as shown in fig. 1), the currently common bending process is unidirectional bending (as shown in fig. 2), that is, a male die presses a blank into an integral female die to complete the bending process at one time. This process has the following problems: (1) For the bending of an asymmetrical piece, the friction resistance on two sides of the bar material is unequal, and the bar material can slide in the female die, so that the size deviation and the surface scratch are caused. (2) Due to the large single deformation, folding defects are easy to occur at the transition position of the thick section and the thin section in the bending process. (3) Demoulding needs to be considered in the mould design of the integral female mould, so that some bending deformation is difficult to realize. The aluminum alloy bending process is easy to cause defects, poor in quality and high in rejection rate; and the allowance of the aluminum alloy is large, and the utilization rate of the aluminum alloy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for three-way bending of a metal bar, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and reduce the defects of the metal bar caused by bending.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a method for bending a metal bar in a three-way manner, which is based on a three-way bending die, wherein the three-way bending die comprises a fixed die, a first movable die, a second movable die and a third movable die, the fixed die is a male die, the first movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die form a female die, the first movable die is positioned on one side of the fixed die, and a concave part which is opposite to the fixed die is arranged at one end, close to the fixed die, of the first movable die; the fixed die is positioned between the second movable die and the third movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die are positioned on the same side of the first movable die, and the second movable die and the third movable die move in opposite directions or move in opposite directions;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing a metal bar to be bent between the first movable die and the fixed die, and enabling the middle of the metal bar to be opposite to the concave part;
(2) Enabling the first movable die to move towards the fixed die, enabling the concave part to be matched with the fixed die to tightly press and fix the metal bar, meanwhile, bending the middle part of the metal bar, and stopping moving after the first movable die reaches a preset position;
(3) Enabling the second movable die and the third movable die to move towards the fixed die simultaneously, enabling the second movable die to press one end of the metal bar stock on the fixed die, and enabling the third movable die to press the other end of the metal bar stock on the fixed die simultaneously;
(4) And returning the first movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die to the original positions, and then taking out the bent metal bar.
Preferably, when the fixed die and the first movable die are distributed at intervals along the horizontal direction, the fixed die and the first movable die further comprise a bearing plate for lifting the metal bar, and the fixed die and the first movable die are both located above the bearing plate.
Preferably, the metal bar material is an aluminum alloy, the metal bar material is a symmetrical or asymmetrical variable cross-section bar material, and the diameters of the middle and two ends of the metal bar material are larger than those of other parts of the metal bar material.
Preferably, the metal bar stock is a blank after cross wedge rolling, roll forging or machining.
Preferably, in step (3), the second movable mold and the third movable mold reach a preset stop position at the same time.
Preferably, in the step (3), the second movable die and the third movable die flatten two ends of the metal bar stock.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the three-way bending method of the metal bar carries out three-way bending on the long-axis variable cross-section metal bar, so that the blank can obtain a pre-designed bent shape, and the defects of folding and the like in the bending process are reduced. Meanwhile, the two heads can be flattened, so that subsequent pre-forging and finish forging filling are facilitated, and the utilization rate of materials is improved.
The method has the advantages that the deformation force in three directions is applied to the metal bar in two steps in the same set of die, the sliding of the bar in the deformation process is reduced, and the bending and flattening deformation of the metal bar are realized. The shape and size precision after bending is ensured, and the defects of folding, surface scratching and the like are reduced. In addition, because the three movable dies can freely advance and retreat, the demoulding problem can be basically avoided, and the final bending shape is less limited. The three-way bending method can reduce defects, improve product quality and material utilization rate, simplify process and reduce production cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable cross-section aluminum alloy bar;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of unidirectional bending of a variable cross-section aluminum alloy bar in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a three-way bending method for a metal bar according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a bent forging obtained by the method for three-way bending of a metal bar;
wherein, 1, fixing the mold; 2. a second movable mold; 3. a first movable mold; 4. a third movable mould; 5. a metal bar stock.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a method for three-way bending of a metal bar, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art and reduce the defects of the metal bar caused by bending.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in fig. 3-4, the present embodiment provides a method for three-way bending a metal bar, which is based on a three-way bending die.
The three-way bending die comprises a fixed die 1, a first movable die 3, a second movable die 2 and a third movable die 4, wherein the fixed die 1 is a male die, the first movable die 3, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 form a female die, the first movable die 3 is positioned on one side of the fixed die 1, and a concave part facing the fixed die 1 is arranged at one end, close to the fixed die 1, of the first movable die 3; the fixed die 1 is located between the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 are located on the same side of the first movable die 3, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction, namely the second movable die 3 moves towards the fixed die 1 or moves away from the fixed die 1 at the same time.
It should be noted that, when the three-way bending die is used specifically, the three-way bending die has two types, namely a vertical type and a horizontal type, specifically:
when the three-way bending die is vertical, the first movable die 3 is positioned right below the fixed die 1, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 are positioned on two sides of the fixed die 1, and in this state, the moving directions of the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 are horizontal; the moving direction of the first moving die 3 is a vertical direction, that is, the moving direction of the first moving die 3 is perpendicular to the moving directions of the second moving die 2 and the third moving die 4;
when the three-way bending die is horizontal, the first movable die 3 and the fixed die 1 are distributed at intervals in the horizontal direction, and the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 are positioned on two sides of the fixed die 1 in the horizontal direction, in this state, the moving directions of the first movable die 3, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 are all in the horizontal direction, but the moving direction of the first movable die 3 is perpendicular to the moving directions of the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4, and the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 move in the opposite direction or in the opposite direction, namely the second movable die 3 moves towards the fixed die 1 or moves away from the fixed die 1 at the same time. In addition, the three-way bending die in the state needs to be provided with a supporting plate for lifting the metal bar, the fixed die 1, the first movable die 3, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 are all located above the supporting plate, and the supporting plate is horizontal.
The three-way bending die is internally provided with a heating and temperature control system, the heating and temperature control system mainly comprises a fixed die, a first movable die, a second movable die and a third movable die which are respectively provided with a resistance heating rod for heating, thermocouples for measuring temperature are arranged, and the resistance heating rods and the thermocouples are distributed and connected with a control system. The control system can automatically adjust the heating power of the heating rod according to the real-time temperature of the die measured by the thermocouple, and the control system can specifically select a programmable controller.
The method for three-way bending of the metal bar comprises the following steps:
(1) The preheated metal bar 5 to be bent is placed between the first movable die 3 and the fixed die 1, and when the three-way bending die is horizontal, the bearing plate supports the metal bar, and the middle part of the metal bar 5 is opposite to the concave part on the first movable die 3.
A heating and temperature control system in the three-way bending die heats the die to a specified temperature, so that the temperature loss of the metal bar 5 in the bending process can be reduced;
(2) The first movable die 3 moves towards the fixed die 1, the concave part is matched with the fixed die 1 to tightly press and fix the metal bar 5, meanwhile, the middle part of the metal bar 5 is bent, and the first movable die 3 stops moving after reaching a preset position;
(3) The second movable mould 2 and the third movable mould 4 are moved towards the fixed mould 1 simultaneously; one end of a metal bar 5 is pressed on the fixed die 1 by the second movable die 2, and the other end of the metal bar 5 is pressed on the fixed die 1 by the third movable die 4; the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 continue to move towards the fixed die 1 to flatten two ends of the metal bar 5, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 simultaneously reach a preset stop position, namely the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 simultaneously stop pressing the metal bar 5, but it should be noted that the metal bar 5 may be a symmetrical or asymmetrical bar, so that the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 do not necessarily contact with the metal bar 5 at the same time, and the compression amount of the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 on the metal bar 5 is not necessarily the same; flattening the two ends of the metal bar 5 is beneficial to subsequent pre-forging and finish forging filling, so that the utilization rate of the material is improved;
(4) And returning the first movable die 3, the second movable die 2 and the third movable die 4 to the original positions, and taking out the bent metal bar 5.
The metal bar 5 is a blank after cross wedge rolling, roll forging or processing; the method for three-way bending of a metal bar provided by this embodiment is provided for bending a symmetrical or asymmetrical variable cross-section aluminum alloy bar, and the diameters of the middle and two ends of the aluminum alloy bar are larger than those of other parts of the metal bar 5, but the method is not limited to aluminum alloy.
According to the method for three-way bending of the metal bar, the deformation force in three directions is applied to the metal bar 5 in two steps in the same set of die, so that the sliding of the bar in the deformation process is reduced, and the bending and flattening deformation of the metal bar 5 are realized. The shape and size precision after bending is ensured, and the defects of folding, surface scratch and the like are reduced. In addition, since all of the three movable dies, i.e., the first movable die 3, the second movable die 2, and the third movable die 4, can be freely advanced and retreated, the problem of mold release can be basically avoided, and the final bending shape is less restricted. The three-dimensional bending method can reduce defects, improve product quality and material utilization rate, simplify process and reduce production cost.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for three-dimensional bending of a metal bar is characterized by comprising the following steps: based on a three-way bending die, the three-way bending die comprises a fixed die, a first movable die, a second movable die and a third movable die, the fixed die is a male die, the first movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die form a female die, the first movable die is positioned on one side of the fixed die, and a concave part which is over against the fixed die is arranged at one end, close to the fixed die, of the first movable die; the fixed die is positioned between the second movable die and the third movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die are positioned on the same side of the first movable die, and the second movable die and the third movable die move in opposite directions or move in opposite directions;
the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Placing a metal bar to be bent between the first movable die and the fixed die, and enabling the middle of the metal bar to be opposite to the concave part;
(2) Enabling the first movable die to move towards the fixed die, enabling the concave part to be matched with the fixed die to tightly press and fix the metal bar, meanwhile, bending the middle part of the metal bar, and stopping moving after the first movable die reaches a preset position;
(3) Enabling the second movable die and the third movable die to move towards the fixed die simultaneously, enabling the second movable die to press one end of the metal bar stock on the fixed die, and enabling the third movable die to press the other end of the metal bar stock on the fixed die simultaneously;
(4) And returning the first movable die, the second movable die and the third movable die to the original positions, and then taking out the bent metal bar.
2. The method of three-way press bending a metal bar as recited in claim 1, wherein: when the fixed die and the first movable die are distributed at intervals in the horizontal direction, the fixed die and the first movable die further comprise a bearing plate for lifting the metal bar, and the fixed die and the first movable die are both located above the bearing plate.
3. The method of three-way press bending a metal bar as recited in claim 1, wherein: the metal bar is made of aluminum alloy, the metal bar is a symmetrical or asymmetrical variable-section bar, and the diameters of the middle and two ends of the metal bar are larger than those of other parts of the metal bar.
4. The method of three-way press bending a metal bar as recited in claim 1, wherein: the metal bar stock is a blank after cross wedge rolling, roll forging or processing.
5. The method of three-way press bending a metal bar as recited in claim 1, wherein: in step (3), the second movable die and the third movable die simultaneously reach a preset stop position.
6. The method of three-way press bending a metal bar as recited in claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the second movable die and the third movable die flatten two ends of the metal bar.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211681416.5A CN115870381A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Three-dimensional bending method for metal bar |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211681416.5A CN115870381A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Three-dimensional bending method for metal bar |
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| CN115870381A true CN115870381A (en) | 2023-03-31 |
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| CN202211681416.5A Pending CN115870381A (en) | 2022-12-27 | 2022-12-27 | Three-dimensional bending method for metal bar |
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2022
- 2022-12-27 CN CN202211681416.5A patent/CN115870381A/en active Pending
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| JP2005095956A (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2005-04-14 | Toto Ltd | Apparatus and method for manufacturing bent metal pipe |
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