CN115868447A - Breeding management method for synchronous estrus returning and timed semen deposition of young cattle - Google Patents
Breeding management method for synchronous estrus returning and timed semen deposition of young cattle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a breeding management method for synchronously returning estrus and regularly inseminating young cattle. A reproduction management method for the synchronous estrus returning and timing semen deposition of young cattle comprises the following steps: injecting PG 21 days before blending, and waxing tail roots every day until unqualified cattle are removed before blending; observing estrus and duly inseminating; after 7 days, injecting PG to the cattle without insemination record in the cattle group, observing estrus and insemination at proper time; and after 7 days, carrying out timing insemination treatment on the progesterone suppository of the cattle without oestrus records and the barren cattle in the cattle group. The reproductive management method for the synchronous estrus returning and timed insemination of the young cattle improves the annual average 21-day pregnancy rate of the old young cattle by 32.4 percent (23.7 to 42 percent) to nearly 54 percent (46 to 61.3 percent).
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding management method for synchronously returning estrus and regularly inseminating young cattle.
Background
At present, the breeding management of the cattle herd in the large-scale pasture is paid sufficient attention, particularly the adult cattle herd is remarkably improved, the annual average level of 21-day pregnancy rate is improved from about 16% before 5 years to about 22% at present, and the annual average water quality of the high pasture is even more than 38%. However, the pregnancy rate of young cattle is not satisfactory, and is approximately maintained at about 30%.
The first matching efficiency after the matching has decisive influence on the breeding efficiency of cattle flocks: the number of the initial ligands is the largest, and the subsequent workload is directly influenced by the blending rate and the conception rate; the time efficiency of subsequent mating is directly determined by the morning and evening of the first mating. The most prominent factor influencing the pregnancy speed of young cattle at present is that the ginseng is too low, and in actual production, young cattle are considered to have small oestrus difficulty and high conception rate, so that the pregnancy speed of replacement cattle is often ignored.
In production, young cattle breeding management schemes mostly take months as span, arrange and allocate replacement cattle, observe natural estrus and timely semen deposition after allocation, generally observe that cattle which are not estrus are injected with PG for the same period of estrus in the last ten days or at the end of the month, record cattle which are not estrus at intervals of 14 days are injected with PG again, and record cattle which are not seminal output after 11 days begin the same ovulation treatment. Therefore, the first-distributing and releasing workload of young cattle herds is large, the missing rate is high, the personnel efficiency is low, the subsequent distribution is sequentially delayed, and the overall participation rate is reduced. The extended gestational age of the herd results in an increased proportion of cattle with calving over 25/26 month of age for the first time, and the population shows reduced life-long performance. This treatment regimen, even though the herd has a high level of conception, results in a slow pregnancy rate for the herd due to the low proportion of estrus-fed cows per unit time period.
In view of the above, in order to change the current reproductive status of young cattle, the invention designs a new reproductive management method of young cattle according to the reproductive cycle rule of young cattle, which is suitable for the reproductive management scheme of replacement cattle and is a scheme of returning estrus and timing semen deposition at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reproduction management method for synchronously returning estrus and regularly inseminating young cattle, which has a breeding conception rate of 55-60 percent and a pregnancy rate of a first estrus cattle group exceeding 50 percent after mating and overcomes the technical problems that the distribution dispersion degree of the estrus distribution of the mated cattle is high, the publishing is difficult, the mating rate is low, and the highest efficiency of the first mating and mating rate cannot be improved by concentrating manpower and material resources in the traditional method.
In order to realize the purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a reproductive management method for the synchronization return estrus and the timing semen deposition of young cattle comprises the following steps:
injecting PG 21 days before blending, and waxing tail roots every day until unqualified cattle are removed before blending;
observing estrus and duly inseminating;
after 7 days, injecting PG to the cattle without insemination record in the cattle group, observing estrus and performing insemination at proper time;
and after 7 days, carrying out timing insemination treatment on the progesterone suppository on the cattle and the nonpregnant cattle in the cattle herd.
Further, the cattle which do not reach the standard are removed 13 days before the participation and the matching.
Further, the standard cattle are Holstein cows with 14 months old, the height of over 127 cm and the weight of 350-380 kg.
Further, the timing insemination treatment process of the progesterone suppository comprises the following steps: injecting the birth source and the happiness for the rest cattle without oestrus record and the nonpregnant cattle in the cattle group;
after 5 days, the suppository is removed, and PG is injected;
after 1 day, injecting PG into the cattle without oestrus record;
after another 2 days, the remaining cattle without estrus record in the cattle group are injected with birth source and are duly inseminated.
Furthermore, in the process of timing insemination of the progesterone suppository, after PG is injected each time, estrus is observed and insemination is carried out at proper time.
Still further, the biogenic source is gonadotropin releasing hormone, or a gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue;
PG is prostaglandin F 2α Or prostaglandin F 2α A derivative;
the described Xida is progesterone slow-release suppository.
Still further, the prostaglandin F 2α The derivative is chlorophrostenol sodium or chlorophrostenol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the production performance of the Hestein cows in the lifetime of about 24 months after the first birth calving is the best, and the production performance is negatively affected by the premature or late calving, so that the pregnancy speed of the young cows becomes an important index for the reproductive management of the young cows.
The normal oestrus cycle of the holstein cows after sexual maturity is 21 days, ranging from 18 to 24 days. In production, the cattle oestrus is randomly distributed in a period, the dispersion is increased due to the fact that the oestrus stops or is delayed after meeting production stress such as environmental change, and the like, and part of cattle with ovarian dysfunction do not oestrus or oestrus intervals are shortened. Because the estrus expression lacks concentration, the estrus release efficiency is low by relying on the traditional manual observation in the production, and the insemination can not be completed in a short time. And then the estrus of the infertile cattle after insemination is released again or the fetus detection is delayed and scattered, so that manpower and material resources cannot be intensively input, and the breeding efficiency is low.
The scheme overcomes the defects that the estrus distribution dispersion of the participated cattle in the traditional method is high, the outbreak is difficult, the participated rate is low, and the first-stage participated rate with the highest efficiency can not be improved by concentrating manpower and material resources. In the traditional scheme for waiting for artificial observation of natural estrus, the proportion of the first estrus after blending is 50-75%. The conception rate is 50-60%, the pregnancy rate of the first estrus cattle group after the breeding and matching is 25-35%, young cattle can complete the first matching only at the latest 18 months after the breeding and matching at the age of 14 months, and the proportion of the pregnant cattle exceeding 17 months is more than 15% when the target of pregnancy (95-98% of pregnancy) is completed. While the lifetime productivity of a pregnant cow over 17 months of age will be negatively affected.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the first preparation is completed 22 days after the blending, wherein more than 75% of the first preparation is concentrated in 14 days after the blending, and the first preparation is controlled to be completed in the season. 55-60% of conception rate of first mating, more than 50% of pregnancy rate of the first estrus cattle group after mating, and the proportion of pregnant cows exceeding 17 months of age is controlled within 3% when the pregnancy goal is completed. The annual average level of 21-day pregnancy rate of the original young cattle is improved to 32.4% (23.7% -42%), and is improved to nearly 54% (46% -61.3%).
In addition, the technical scheme of the invention is a weekly planning circulation mode, which is beneficial to overall personnel planning, work planning, human resource allocation, material planning and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of functional structural changes of ovary in the sexual cycle of young cattle;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a propagation management method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a timed insemination process.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the breeding management method for the estrus returning and timed semen deposition of young cattle to achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following detailed description is provided with specific implementation modes, structures, characteristics and effects thereof for the breeding management method for the estrus returning and timed semen deposition of young cattle in accordance with the present invention in combination with the preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
The breeding management method for the synchronous estrus return and timed semen deposition of young cattle of the invention is further described in detail by combining the specific embodiments as follows:
the initial stage of Holstein cows generally appears at 8 months of age (the cows have oestrous at 6 months of age under the current excellent nutritional conditions), and the holstein cows are generally set to be 14 months of age, have a height (cross frame to ground) of over 127 cm and a body weight of 350-380 kg for blending (the holstein cows can reach body maturity at 13.5 months of age) in consideration of body maturity.
The normal oestrus cycle of the cows after sexual maturity of holstein is 21 days, ranging from 18 to 24 days. In production, the cattle oestrus is randomly distributed in a period, the dispersion is increased due to the fact that the oestrus stops or is delayed after meeting production stress such as environmental change, and the like, and part of cattle with ovarian dysfunction do not oestrus or oestrus intervals are shortened.
The estrus of the dairy cow is controlled by the level of progesterone, the progesterone is mainly from corpus luteum on ovary, the corpus luteum of the dairy cow is degenerated before estrus, the level of progesterone is reduced, and high-level estradiol is generated during follicular development, so that the estrus behavior of the dairy cow appears. The change of ovarian functional structure in the sexual cycle of young cattle is shown in figure 1.
Ovulation occurs after the follicle reaches final maturity, and progesterone is gradually secreted as the corpus luteum is produced after ovulation. A new follicle wave is generated at the same time, one follicle in the follicle wave is selectively developed into a dominant follicle in about 3 days, the other follicles generate atresia, a second follicle wave is generated in about 7 days, and a dominant follicle is generated at the same time, due to the inhibiting effect of the high progesterone level in the body, the two dominant follicles can not reach the final maturity, estrus and ovulation, and then the atresia failure is returned; the 3 rd follicle wave is generated in about 15 days of the sexual cycle, and a dominant follicle is also generated, at the moment, the corpus luteum is degenerated, the level of progesterone in the body is reduced, the dominant follicle can continue to grow to reach the final maturity, large high-level estradiol is released, oestrus symptoms are generated, and a luteinizing hormone release peak is induced to be generated, so that ovulation is caused. If the ovum meets the sperm at the ampulla of the oviduct, the fertilization-embryo formation-implantation is carried out, the pregnancy is carried out, and then the oestrus cycle is stopped under the action of the subsequent pregnancy recognition factor. If not, the cycle is resumed.
The design principle is as follows: in 21 days before the participation, the ovary of the young cattle has functional structures in the estrus cycle, wherein the corpus luteum in the 6-16 days of the cycle is sensitive to prostaglandin and derivatives, the corpus luteum is degenerated after the injection, follicles develop and estrus appears, and the corpus luteum after 16 days is degenerated periodically during the injection. The cattle with oestrus expression generally gradually appear from 72 hours after injection to gradually decrease after 134 hours, wherein the oestrus amount is 60% of the total oestrus amount after 72-134 hours after injection, and the oestrus cattle do not have sperm injection. The re-estrus distribution of the partial estrus cows is within the range of 18-24 days, which is just at the beginning stage of participation and distribution, and a peak of returning estrus appears within 7 days; cows that were on day 1-5 of the cycle when prostaglandin was injected had no degeneration of the corpus luteum, and the sexual cycle continued, and after 21 days the normal recurrent cycle was within the range when the spike was matched. Even if cattle are not mixed before being mixed with the prostaglandin, the cattle are in the sensitive period of the corpus luteum to the prostaglandin 7 days after being mixed with the prostaglandin, and the cattle can generate estrus again and receive insemination within 7 days after being injected with the prostaglandin again. The cow with a resting ovary does not have oestrus after prostaglandin injection, but does not have oestrus after observation period after matching and prostaglandin injection again or comprises oestrous cow with oestrus when oestrus is revealed, but a follicle wave is generated along with subsequent timing sperm injection, similar to the situation of 0 day of the oestrus cycle, if the follicle wave has the advantage that the progesterone level is low in the follicle development process, particularly the cow with the resting ovary has poor quality, and only a weak embryo with poor survival capability can be formed after fertilization. And finally, the embryo loss rate is high, the conception rate is low, and the conception rate of the replacement cattle is maintained at 30-40% under the condition. And with the placement of the progesterone suppository, the progesterone is slowly released, the progesterone level in the cow body is increased after the progesterone is absorbed by vaginal mucosa, and the progesterone level is maintained stably, so that the quality of oocytes in the dominant follicular phase development period can be ensured to be improved, and the conception rate is finally improved to 60-75%.
Example 1.
With reference to fig. 2-3 and table 1, the specific operation steps are as follows:
(1) The cattle herd is injected with PG 21 days before the age of the mating month, the tail root is coated with wax (auxiliary estrus) every day, the estrus cattle do not carry sperm, the cattle with high body and weight not meeting the mating conditions are removed before mating, and the rest cattle are transferred to a mating cattle shed.
The standard-reaching cattle are Holstein cows with 14 months old, the height of the body of over 127 cm and the weight of 350-380 kg.
(2) The reserve cattle are matched and then observe estrus and lose sperm at proper time, at the moment, the cattle correct value is the peak of returning estrus after the last PG injection estrus, and the behavior stimulation of the estrus cattle also promotes the cattle about to estrus or not estrus in the cattle to rapidly enter the estrus. After 7 days, the remaining non-insemination record cattle in the herd are injected with PG, observed for estrus and duly inseminated.
(3) And after 7 days, the rest cattle without estrus records and the empty pregnant cattle in the cattle group start the timing insemination process of the progesterone suppository.
The timing insemination treatment process of the progesterone suppository comprises the following steps:
injecting the birth source and the happiness for the rest cattle without oestrus record and the nonpregnant cattle in the cattle group;
after 5 days, the suppository is removed, and PG is injected;
after another 1 day, injecting PG into cattle without oestrus record;
after another 2 days, the remaining cattle in the herd without oestrus recording were injected with GnRH and given appropriate insemination (TA 1 in FIG. 1 is timed insemination).
In the process of timing insemination of the progesterone suppository, after PG is injected every time, estrus is observed and insemination is carried out at proper time.
Wherein the biogenic source is GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone), or gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue.
PG is chlorprostenol sodium.
The Xida is a progesterone sustained release suppository.
GnRH was dosed at 100. Mu.g each time, and Clonoprost sodium was dosed at 0.6 mg each time.
The method comprises the following steps:
in the process of executing the process, a neck clip or a simple fence is required to be configured in a pasture preferably, so that the cattle to be treated is guaranteed to be surely fixed when being treated, and the operation is accurate. The precision of young cattle body height, weight measurement, cattle group grouping, injection and insemination operation is guaranteed, the execution force required by personnel is strong, oestrus is actively carried out by matching with tail root waxing, oestrus uncovering efficiency is guaranteed, the early stage mating rate after mating is improved, and the early stage pregnancy efficiency of replacement cattle is guaranteed.
TABLE 1 reproduction management method for returning estrus at the same time and timing semen deposition
The first preparation is completely completed by the cattle group within 22 days after the first preparation, the first preparation and the first preparation rate is nearly 100 percent, and the non-pregnant cattle have partial returning situation and are compounded after the first 7 days after the first preparation and conception rate: 55-65% of conventional frozen semen and 50-60% of sex-controlled frozen semen. The pregnancy rate of the first 21 days can reach 50-60%. Re-estrus re-compounding is observed after insemination, and the initial pregnancy of the cattle without re-estrus is checked 28 days later, once a week (28-34 days after insemination).
Example 2.
Dividing the young cattle 21 days before the herd is joined into two groups at random, wherein one group is a control group, after the herd is joined, adopting a traditional estrus observation method to carry out estrus uncovering and timing insemination, using PG to treat the non-estrus cattle more than 16 months old, carrying out insemination in time, injecting PG again after 14 days of non-estrus cattle, carrying out insemination in time on the estrus cattle, and carrying out unified insemination after using timing insemination program to treat the non-estrus cattle 12 days later. The other group was treated by the method of example 1.
The frozen semen control and semen deposition are used for the first two times of semen deposition after the two groups of ginseng are compounded.
The results are shown in tables 2 to 3.
TABLE 2 control group of young cows 21 days pregnancy rate 2020-09-01 to 2021-09-30
TABLE 3 pregnancy rate of 21 days of the young cows 2020-09-01 to 2021-09-30 of the present invention
As can be seen from tables 2-3, the conception rate of the invention is 13 percent higher than that of the control group, the advantages of the participation efficiency are more obvious, the participation rate is 20 percent higher than that of the control group, and the conception rate within 14.5 months of age is greatly improved. The difference of 21-day pregnancy rate representing the pregnancy rate of the cattle is obvious, and the pregnancy rate is improved by 20 percent.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A reproductive management method for the synchronous estrus return and timing semen deposition of young cattle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
injecting PG 21 days before blending, and waxing tail roots every day until unqualified cattle are removed before blending;
observing estrus and duly inseminating;
after 7 days, injecting PG to the cattle without insemination record in the cattle group, observing estrus and performing insemination at proper time;
and after 7 days, carrying out timing insemination treatment on the progesterone suppository of the cattle without oestrus records and the barren cattle in the cattle group.
2. The reproduction management method according to claim 1,
the cattle which do not reach the standard are removed 13 days before the blending.
3. The reproduction management method according to claim 1,
the standard-reaching cattle are Holstein cows with 14 months old, the height of the body of over 127 cm and the weight of 350-380 kg.
4. The reproduction management method according to claim 1,
the timing insemination treatment process of the progesterone suppository comprises the following steps: injecting the birth source and the happiness for the rest cattle without oestrus record and the nonpregnant cattle in the cattle group;
after 5 days, the suppository is removed, and PG is injected;
after another 1 day, injecting PG into cattle without oestrus record;
after another 2 days, the remaining cattle without estrus record in the cattle group are injected with birth source and are duly inseminated.
5. The reproduction management method according to claim 4,
in the timing insemination treatment process of the progesterone suppository, after PG is injected every time, estrus is observed and insemination is carried out at proper time.
6. The reproduction management method according to claim 4,
the biogenesis is gonadotropin releasing hormone or gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue;
PG is prostaglandin F 2α Or prostaglandin F 2α A derivative thereof;
the described Xida is progesterone slow-release suppository.
7. The reproduction management method according to claim 6,
the prostaglandin F 2α The derivative is chlorophrostenol sodium or chlorophrostenol.
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| CN202310118066.XA CN115868447B (en) | 2023-02-15 | 2023-02-15 | Reproduction management method for synchronous estrus-returning and timing insemination of young cattle |
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| CN202310118066.XA CN115868447B (en) | 2023-02-15 | 2023-02-15 | Reproduction management method for synchronous estrus-returning and timing insemination of young cattle |
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