CN115865052A

CN115865052A - 7kV high peak power impulse generator

Info

Publication number: CN115865052A
Application number: CN202211645833.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏利郝; 敦书波; 王军峰; 马振鹏
Original assignee: CETC 54 Research Institute
Current assignee: CETC 54 Research Institute
Priority date: 2022-12-20
Filing date: 2022-12-20
Publication date: 2023-03-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a 7kV impulse generator with high peak power, which solves the problems of low peak power, wide full width at half maximum, narrow frequency spectrum distribution and large jitter of the traditional impulse generator. The impulse generator includes: the device comprises a high-voltage trigger circuit, an ultra-wideband shunt, an impulse pulse generating unit and an ultra-wideband combiner. The invention adopts a high-voltage trigger circuit to respectively drive 4 impulse generating units through an ultra-wideband shunt, and realizes the output of high peak power through an ultra-wideband combiner. The invention has the characteristics of 7kV output peak power, 500ns of full width at half maximum, frequency spectrum distribution width from DC to 3GHz, pulse jitter less than 30ps, repetition frequency of 20kHz and the like, and can be suitable for various systems needing high-power impulse generators.

Description

7kV high peak power impulse generator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of electronic reconnaissance detection and electronic countermeasure, in particular to a 7kV impulse generator with high peak power, which can realize the generation of impulse signals with high voltage and high power and has the characteristics of high peak power, narrow full width at half maximum, wide frequency spectrum distribution and small pulse jitter.

Background

In the field of ultra-wideband radar and the field of ultra-wideband electronic interference technology, ultra-wideband impulse signals are used as a transmitting source, and the output peak power directly determines the performance of equipment. The conventional impulse pulse circuit is limited by the performance of devices and the charging and discharging time of the circuit, the peak power, the frequency spectrum width and the full width at half maximum are mutually restricted, and the narrow full width at half maximum and the frequency spectrum distribution width are difficult to output at high peak power.

At present, the output amplitude of impulse signals at home and abroad is about 2.5kV, the pulse width is more than 1ns, and the frequency spectrum width is up to 1GHz, so that the detection distance of a detection radar is short, and the interference distance of an interference system is short.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a 7kV impulse generator with high peak power, which solves the problems of low output peak power of a pulse source, narrow spectrum distribution and large pulse jitter in the conventional impulse generation technology.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a7 kV high peak power impulse generator comprises a high-voltage trigger circuit 01, an ultra-wideband shunt 02, impulse generating units 03 to 06 and an ultra-wideband combiner 07; the high-voltage trigger circuit 01 is connected with the ultra-wideband shunt 02, and the impulse pulse generating units 03 to 06 are connected with the ultra-wideband shunt 02 and the ultra-wideband combiner 07; a high-voltage trigger circuit 01 is used for driving 4 paths of impulse generating units 03 to 06, so that the jitter is reduced, and the impulse synthesis efficiency is improved; and 4 paths of impulse generating units 03 to 06 are used for power synthesis through an ultra wide band combiner 07, so that the peak power output of 7kV is realized.

Further, the high-voltage trigger circuit 01 comprises a driving circuit and a 25-stage Marx circuit; the driving circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a first triode Q1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1 and a transformer T1; the base electrode of a first triode Q1 is grounded through a first resistor R1 and is connected with an external trigger signal TTL, the emitting electrode of the first triode Q1 is directly grounded, the collector electrode of the first triode Q1 is connected with a power supply through a second resistor R2 and is connected with the 1 pin of a transformer T1 through a first capacitor C1, the 2 pin of the transformer T1 is grounded, and the 3 pin and the 4 pin of the transformer T1 are connected with a 25-level Marx circuit;

the 25-stage Marx circuit is composed of 25-stage branch circuits connected in series, and each stage of Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes; the 1 st branch circuit comprises a second capacitor C2, a third resistor R3, a second triode Q2, a third triode Q3 and a fourth resistor R4; the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are in parallel connection in the same level, and the collector electrodes of the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are connected with a power supply through a third resistor R3 and are grounded through a second capacitor C2; the emitting electrodes of the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are grounded through a fourth resistor R4 and are connected with a 4-pin of a transformer T1 in the driving circuit; the base electrodes of the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are connected with a pin 3 of a transformer T1 in the driving circuit;

each branch circuit in the 2 nd-25 th branch circuit comprises 2 triodes, 1 capacitor and 2 resistors; the 2 triodes are all in parallel connection structure, the same poles are in short circuit, and the emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the base electrode of the triode; the collector of 2 triodes is connected with the power supply through a resistor and is connected with the emitter of the upper triode through a capacitor.

Further, the impulse generating units 03 to 06 comprise 40-class Marx circuits; the 40-stage Marx circuit is composed of 40-stage branch circuits connected in series, and each stage of Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes; each branch circuit in the 1 st-40 th branch circuits comprises 2 triodes, 1 capacitor and 2 resistors; the 2 triodes are all in parallel connection structure, the same poles are in short circuit, and the emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the base electrode of the triode; the collector of 2 triodes is connected with the power supply through a resistor and is connected with the emitter of the upper triode through a capacitor.

Further, the ultra-wideband combiner 07 includes two stages of two combiners, each having 3 paths, outputs of 2 first-stage two combiners are connected to inputs of a second-stage two combiner, and each stage of two combiners adopts a wilkinson combiner structure in a 14-stage impedance transformation form; and the ultra-wideband combiner 07 is encapsulated by high-voltage insulating glue on the circuit.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention adopts 4 paths of impulse generating units to carry out power synthesis, and the output peak power of the impulse generating units can reach 7kV; the high-voltage trigger circuit is adopted to simultaneously trigger 4 impulse generating units, so that the impulse jitter can be effectively reduced, and the synthesis efficiency is improved.

2. The Marx single circuit used in the circuit of the invention adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes, which can effectively improve the peak power of the circuit, shorten the leading edge of the pulse and widen the distribution width of the frequency spectrum.

3. The control signal of the invention can effectively improve the pulse jitter of the impulse generator through the triode, the differential circuit and the transformer trigger pulse generating circuit, improve the working stability and the isolation of the front circuit and the rear circuit, and facilitate the array synthesis by using the impulse signal generator.

4. The invention adopts the broadband branching/combining device to carry out the branching and the synthesis of the impulse signal, the working frequency band of the broadband branching/combining device can reach 5 octaves, and the synthesis efficiency of the impulse signal generator can reach more than 80 percent.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an impulse generator according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage flip-flop circuit of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the trigger signal waveform of the high-voltage trigger circuit of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of an impulse generation unit of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 4-combiner circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the output waveform of the 7kV impact pulse of the present invention.

Detailed Description

A high peak power impulse generator of 7kV uses high voltage trigger circuit to generate high trigger signal, which drives 4 impulse generating units through broadband shunt circuit, then carries on power synthesis through broadband combiner, realizes high peak power output. The high-voltage trigger circuit can effectively reduce the pulse jitter in the impulse generating unit and improve the synthesis efficiency.

The high-voltage trigger circuit and the impulse pulse generating unit adopt multistage Marx circuit cascade to improve the peak voltage output by a single circuit, the single-stage Marx circuit adopts a structure that 2 triodes are connected in parallel, the peak current, the power and the avalanche speed of single discharge are improved, and the output waveform characteristic of the circuit can be further improved by reasonably adjusting the distribution parameters of the energy storage capacitor and the circuit.

The broadband branching device and the broadband combiner adopt a 2-stage binary/branching mode, each stage of binary/combination adopts a 14-stage impedance transformation type Wilkinson dividing/combining circuit, the working bandwidth of the broadband dividing/combining circuit is enabled to be more than 16 octaves by optimizing the distribution parameters of the circuit, and the synthesis efficiency of impulse signals can be effectively improved.

Specifically, the 7kV high peak power impulse generator comprises a high-voltage trigger circuit, an ultra-wideband shunt, an impulse generating unit and an ultra-wideband combiner; the high-voltage trigger circuit is connected with the ultra-wideband shunt, and the impulse pulse generating unit is connected with the ultra-wideband shunt and the ultra-wideband combiner; a high-voltage trigger circuit is used for driving 4 paths of impulse generating units, so that the jitter is reduced, and the impulse synthesis efficiency is improved; and 4 paths of impulse generating units are used for power synthesis through an ultra-wideband combiner, and 7kV peak power output is realized.

The high-voltage trigger circuit controls the base voltage of the triode through the TTL control signal so as to control the on-off of the triode, generates a trigger pulse signal through the triode collector resistance capacitance differential circuit, the signal voltage reaches more than 10V, and the trigger end is loaded into the first-level Marx circuit through the transformer, so that the effective isolation effect can be achieved, and the interference of the high-voltage impulse signal on the TTL control signal is reduced.

The high-voltage trigger circuit adopts a 25-level Marx circuit to generate a high-voltage trigger signal, the output voltage of the high-voltage trigger circuit reaches 2kV, the pulse leading edge is 500ps, the pulse jitter of 4-path impulse pulse units can be effectively reduced, and the synthesis efficiency is improved. A40-level Marx circuit is adopted in the impulse pulse generating unit, and the single-path output voltage is more than 4 kV. In order to improve the pulse leading edge and the output peak power of the Marx circuit, each stage of the Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes, the parallel structure can effectively improve the peak power and the spectrum width, and the spectrum width is further widened by shortening the pulse leading edge by adjusting the capacitance value of a capacitor.

The broadband shunt and the broadband combiner both adopt a 2-stage binary/shunt mode, each stage of binary/shunt adopts a 14-stage impedance transformation type Wilkinson split/shunt circuit, and the working bandwidth of the Wilkinson split/shunt circuit can reach 16 octaves.

A high-voltage trigger circuit 01 and an impulse pulse generating unit 03 to 06, wherein a used circuit board is a tin-free Rui-Long RP220B04099, the circuit board is sintered on a copper base plate with the thickness of 3mm, and then a device is assembled; and heat-conducting silicone grease is uniformly coated when the bottom of the copper base plate and the box body are installed.

The following is a more specific example:

referring to fig. 1 to 6, a 7kV high peak power impulse generator includes a high-voltage trigger circuit, an ultra-wideband shunt, an impulse generating unit and an ultra-wideband combiner.

The high-voltage trigger circuit 01 is connected with the ultra-wideband shunt 02, and the impulse pulse generating units 03 to 06 are connected with the ultra-wideband shunt 02 and the ultra-wideband combiner 07; a high-voltage trigger circuit 01 is used for driving 4 paths of impulse generating units 03 to 06, so that the jitter is reduced, and the impulse synthesis efficiency is improved; and 4 paths of impulse generating units 03 to 06 are used for power synthesis through an ultra wide band combiner 07, so that the peak power output of 7kV is realized.

The high-voltage trigger circuit 01 comprises a driving circuit and a 25-stage Marx circuit. The driving circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a first triode Q1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1 and a transformer T1; the base electrode of the first triode Q1 is grounded through a first resistor R1 and is connected with an external trigger signal TTL, the emitter of the first triode Q1 is directly grounded, the collector of the first triode Q1 is connected with a power supply through a second resistor R2 and is connected with 1 pin of a transformer T1 through a first capacitor C1, 2 pins of the transformer T1 are grounded, and 3 pins and 4 pins of the transformer T1 are connected with a 25-level Marx circuit. The 25-stage Marx circuit is composed of 25-stage branch circuits connected in series, and each stage of Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes; the 1 st branch circuit comprises a second capacitor C2, a third resistor R3, a second triode Q2, a third triode Q3 and a fourth resistor R4; the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are in the same-level parallel connection, and the collector electrodes of the second triode Q2 and the third triode Q3 are connected with a power supply through a third resistor R3 and are grounded through a second capacitor C2; the emitting electrodes of the second triode Q2 and the second triode Q3 are grounded through a fourth resistor R4 and are connected with a 4 pin of a transformer T1 in the driving circuit; the bases of the second triodes Q2 and Q3 are connected with a pin 3 of a transformer T1 in the driving circuit. Each branch circuit in the 2 nd-25 th branch circuit comprises 2 triodes, 1 capacitor and 2 resistors; the 2 triodes are all in parallel connection structure, the same poles are in short circuit, and the emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the base electrode of the triode; the collector of 2 triodes is connected with the power supply through a resistor and is connected with the emitter of the upper triode through a capacitor.

The impulse generating units 03 to 06 comprise 40-grade Marx circuits. The 40-stage Marx circuit is composed of 40-stage branch circuits connected in series, and each stage of Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes; each branch circuit in the 1 st-40 th branch circuits comprises 2 triodes, 1 capacitor and 2 resistors; the 2 triodes are all in parallel connection structure, the same poles are in short circuit, and the emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the base electrode of the triode; the collector of 2 triodes is connected with the power supply through a resistor and is connected with the emitter of the upper triode through a capacitor.

The circuit board used by the high-voltage trigger circuit 01 and the impulse generating units 03-06 is an Wutin Ruilong RP220B04099, the circuit board is firstly sintered on a copper base plate with the thickness of 3mm, and then a device is assembled; heat-conducting silicone grease is uniformly coated when the bottom of the copper base plate and the box body are installed, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the circuit can be effectively improved, and the reliability is improved.

The ultra-wideband branching unit 02 and the combiner 07 have the same circuit form, and comprise two stages of 3-path two combiners, the output of 2 first-stage two combiners is connected with the input of a second-stage two combiner, and each stage of two combiners adopts a Wilkinson combiner structure in a 14-stage impedance transformation form; the ultra-wideband combiner 07 circuit is encapsulated by high-voltage insulating glue, so that the power capacity of the circuit is improved.

When the impulse generator with 7kV high peak power works, the TTL control signal is converted into a trigger signal of more than 10V through the driving circuit, so that the trigger circuit outputs a high-voltage trigger signal of 2kV, the waveform is as shown in fig. 3, the impulse signal is equally divided into 4 paths through the shunt, respectively drives 4 paths of impulse generating units to generate impulse signals of more than 4kV, the power synthesis of the impulse signals is realized through the broadband combiner, and the final output waveform is as shown in fig. 6.

In a word, the invention adopts the high-voltage trigger circuit to respectively drive 4 impulse generating units through the ultra-wideband shunt, realizes the output of high peak power through the ultra-wideband combiner, and solves the problems of low peak power, wide half-height and width, narrow frequency spectrum distribution and large jitter of the traditional impulse generator. The invention has the characteristics of 7kV output peak power, 500ns of full width at half maximum, frequency spectrum distribution width from DC to 3GHz, pulse jitter less than 30ps, repetition frequency of 20kHz and the like, and can be suitable for various systems needing high-power impulse generators.

Claims

1. A7 kV high peak power impulse generator is characterized by comprising a high-voltage trigger circuit (01), an ultra-wideband shunt (02), an impulse generating unit (03 to 06) and an ultra-wideband combiner (07); the high-voltage trigger circuit (01) is connected with the ultra-wideband shunt (02), and the impulse pulse generating unit (03 to 06) is connected with the ultra-wideband shunt (02) and the ultra-wideband combiner (07); a high-voltage trigger circuit (01) is used for driving 4 paths of impulse generating units (03 to 06), so that the jitter is reduced, and the pulse synthesis efficiency is improved; and 4 paths of impulse generating units (03 to 06) are used for power synthesis through an ultra wide band combiner (07), so that the peak power output of 7kV is realized.

2. A 7kV high peak power impulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said high voltage trigger circuit (01) comprises a driver circuit and a 25-stage Marx circuit; the driving circuit comprises a first resistor (R1), a first triode (Q1), a second resistor (R2), a first capacitor (C1) and a transformer (T1); the base of a first triode (Q1) is grounded through a first resistor (R1) and is connected with an external trigger signal (TTL), the emitter of the first triode (Q1) is directly grounded, the collector of the first triode (Q1) is connected with a power supply through a second resistor (R2) and is connected with the pin 1 of a transformer (T1) through a first capacitor (C1), the pin 2 of the transformer (T1) is grounded, and the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the transformer (T1) are connected with a 25-level Marx circuit;

the 25-stage Marx circuit is composed of 25-stage branch circuits connected in series, and each stage of Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes; the 1 st branch circuit comprises a second capacitor (C2), a third resistor (R3), a second triode (Q2), a third triode (Q3) and a fourth resistor (R4); the second triode (Q2) and the third triode (Q3) are in parallel connection in the same level, and the collector electrodes of the second triode (Q2) and the third triode (Q3) are connected with a power supply through a third resistor (R3) and grounded through a second capacitor (C2); the emitting electrodes of the second triode (Q2) and the third triode (Q3) are grounded through a fourth resistor (R4) and are connected with a 4-pin of a transformer (T1) in the driving circuit; the base electrodes of the second triode (Q2) and the third triode (Q3) are connected with a pin 3 of a transformer (T1) in the driving circuit;

3. A 7kV high peak power impulse generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the impulse generating unit (03-06) comprises a 40-class Marx circuit; the 40-stage Marx circuit is composed of 40-stage branch circuits connected in series, and each stage of Marx circuit adopts a parallel structure of 2 triodes; each branch circuit in the 1 st-40 th branch circuits comprises 2 triodes, 1 capacitor and 2 resistors; the 2 triodes are all in parallel connection structure, the same poles are in short circuit, and the emitting electrode of the triode is connected with the base electrode of the triode; the collector of 2 triodes is connected with the power supply through a resistor and is connected with the emitter of the upper triode through a capacitor.

4. The 7kV high peak power impulse generator of claim 1, wherein the ultra-wideband combiner (07) comprises two stages of 3-way two-combiners, wherein the outputs of 2 first-stage two-combiners are connected to the inputs of the second-stage two-combiner, and each second-stage combiner adopts a wilkinson combiner structure in the form of 14-stage impedance transformation; and the ultra-wideband combiner (07) is encapsulated by high-voltage insulating glue on the circuit.