CN115865041A - Signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on analog conditioning circuit - Google Patents
Signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on analog conditioning circuit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal energy distribution feature extraction, and particularly relates to a signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a plurality of narrow-band filtering channels; designing a signal conditioning circuit corresponding to each narrow-band filtering channel; the signal conditioning circuits output signal energy distribution characteristics, wherein each signal conditioning circuit sequentially performs first isolation processing, amplification processing, band-pass filtering processing, detection processing, integration processing and second isolation processing on an input signal, and an output direct current signal is single frequency band energy. The signal energy distribution characteristic extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit can quickly obtain stable signal energy ratio characteristics aiming at the working characteristics of an underwater detection platform. In addition, the invention can accelerate the processing speed of the identification signal by replacing digital signal processing with the design of an analog conditioning circuit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of signal energy distribution feature extraction, and particularly relates to a signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit.
Background
The underwater detection platform recognition system captures target signals by means of an acoustic sensor and then completes recognition of the targets through digital signal processing. The target identification system generally identifies and rejects non-target signals according to the characteristics of time domain and frequency domain of the signals. The most important feature is signal energy distribution, the method generally used is to sample a signal after filtering a signal broadband, then obtain a signal power spectrum by FFT (fast Fourier transform), add up and sum the power spectrums in corresponding frequency bands to obtain energy values of the frequency bands, normalize the ratio of the energy values of different frequency bands to the energy value of a reference frequency band to obtain a ratio, which is a feature, and the feature can be used for identifying signal processing. However, due to the problems that the FFT signal processing time is long, the power spectrum value is unstable due to the signal being susceptible to interference, and the like, the working performance of the underwater detection platform identification system is seriously affected, and therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a signal energy distribution feature extraction method which can quickly obtain stable signal energy ratio features according to the working characteristics of the underwater detection platform.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit, which can quickly obtain stable signal energy ratio features according to the working characteristics of an underwater detection platform.
In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit, including:
s1, selecting a plurality of narrow-band filtering channels;
s2, designing a signal conditioning circuit corresponding to each narrow-band filtering channel;
and S3, outputting signal energy distribution characteristics by a plurality of signal conditioning circuits, wherein each signal conditioning circuit sequentially performs first isolation processing, amplification processing, band-pass filtering processing, detection processing, integration processing and second isolation processing on an input signal, and an output direct current signal is single frequency band energy.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the signal conditioning circuit includes a first impedance matching circuit, an amplifying circuit, a filtering circuit, an absolute value detecting circuit, an integrating circuit, and a second impedance matching circuit,
the input end of the first impedance matching circuit is connected with an input signal, and the first impedance matching circuit is used for carrying out first isolation processing on the input signal;
the input end of the amplifying circuit is connected with the output end of the first impedance matching circuit, and the amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the signal subjected to the first isolation processing;
the input end of the filter circuit is connected with the output end of the amplifying circuit, and the filter circuit is used for carrying out band-pass filtering processing on the amplified signals;
the input end of the absolute value detection circuit is connected with the output end of the filter circuit, and the absolute value detection circuit is used for detecting the signal subjected to the band-pass filtering;
the input end of the integration circuit is connected with the output end of the absolute value detection circuit, and the integration circuit is used for performing integration processing on the signal after the detection processing;
and the input end of the second impedance matching circuit is connected with the output end of the integrating circuit, the output end of the second impedance matching circuit outputs a direct current signal, and the second impedance matching circuit is used for carrying out second isolation processing on the signal after the integration processing.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first impedance matching circuit includes:
the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is respectively connected with one end of a first resistor and one end of a first capacitor, the inverting end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, the other end of the first capacitor is connected with an input signal, and the other end of the first resistor is connected with the amplifying circuit;
and one end of the second capacitor is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected with the amplifying circuit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the amplifying circuit includes:
a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 4, a pin 5, a pin 12, a pin 13, a pin 14 and a pin 15 of the multi-channel selection device are all connected with one end of a second resistor through resistors, and the other end of the second resistor is connected with the other end of the second capacitor;
the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with one end of the second resistor, the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the first resistor and the filter circuit through the third resistor, the pin 3 of the multi-channel selection device is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier and one end of the third capacitor, and the other end of the third capacitor is connected with the filter circuit.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the filter circuit includes:
the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier is respectively connected with one end of a fourth capacitor and one end of an eighth resistor, the other end of the fourth capacitor is respectively connected with one end of a fifth capacitor, one end of a fifth resistor and one end of a sixth resistor, the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the other end of a third capacitor, the other end of the sixth resistor is grounded, the other end of the fifth capacitor and the other end of the eighth resistor are respectively connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier and one end of the sixth capacitor, and the other end of the sixth capacitor is connected with an absolute value detection circuit;
and one end of the seventh resistor is connected with the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier, and the other end of the seventh resistor is grounded.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the absolute value detection circuit includes:
the negative end of the first diode is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier and the positive end of the second diode respectively, and the other ends of the eleventh resistor and the seventh capacitor are connected with the negative end of the second diode and the integrating circuit respectively;
and one end of the tenth resistor is connected with the positive phase input end of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end of the tenth resistor is grounded.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the integration circuit includes:
and one end of the twelfth resistor is connected with the cathode end of the second diode and one end of the eighth capacitor, the other end of the twelfth resistor is connected with one end of the ninth capacitor and the second impedance matching circuit, and the other end of the eighth capacitor and the other end of the ninth capacitor are both grounded.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second impedance matching circuit includes:
and a positive phase input end of the fifth operational amplifier is connected with the other end of the twelfth resistor, an inverted phase input end of the fifth operational amplifier is connected with an output end of the fifth operational amplifier, and an output end of the fifth operational amplifier outputs a direct current signal.
In an embodiment of the invention, the filter circuit adopts a second-order butterworth filter, and the performance K of the second-order butterworth filter F (w) the following are mentioned,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein, K F For filter circuit gain, w 0 Is the center frequency point of the filter, w is the filter frequency, Q is the loss of the filter, R5 is the fifth resistance value, R6 is the sixth resistance value, R8 is the eighth resistance value, and C4 is the fourth capacitance value.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit gain G of the signal conditioning circuit is calculated by the following formula,
G＝20×log10(V detection )-L(f)+20×log10(R)-S-G BW ，
Wherein, V Detection For detecting the sampled value, L (f) is the filtering center frequency spectrum level, R is the depth of the detection platform, S is the sensitivity of the acoustic transducer, G BW Is the filter bandwidth gain;
the calculation formula of the upper and lower gain limits of the signal conditioning circuit is as follows:
ΔG＝G MAX -G MIN ＝L(f) MAX -L(f) MIN +20×log10(R MAX )-20×log10(R MIN )，
wherein G is MIN 、G MAX Minimum circuit gain, maximum circuit gain, L (f) MIN 、L(f) MAX Respectively, minimum value of the spectrum level of the filtering center frequency, maximum value of the spectrum level of the filtering center frequency, R MIN 、R MAX The minimum depth of the underwater acoustic transducer and the maximum depth of the underwater acoustic transducer are respectively.
As described above, the signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
the signal energy distribution characteristic extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit can quickly obtain stable signal energy ratio characteristics aiming at the working characteristics of an underwater detection platform. In addition, the invention can accelerate the processing speed of the identification signal by replacing digital signal processing with the design of an analog conditioning circuit.
The signal energy distribution characteristic extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit adopts the analog circuit to replace digital signal processing, determines conditioning circuit parameters according to target signal noise and a detection range, designs a multi-channel narrow-band filter detector group, obtains ratio characteristic quantity by adopting normalization processing after sampling, and has the advantages of difficult signal interference and stable power spectrum value.
The first impedance matching circuit and the second impedance matching circuit of the signal energy distribution characteristic extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit are used for isolating signals, so that input signals of all narrow-band filtering detection channels are not affected mutually, and the circuit is a forward feedback circuit formed by operational amplifiers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for extracting signal energy distribution characteristics based on an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic circuit diagram of a first impedance matching circuit of a signal conditioning circuit based on a signal energy distribution feature extraction method of an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an amplifying circuit of a signal conditioning circuit based on a signal energy distribution feature extraction method of an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a filter circuit of a signal conditioning circuit based on a signal energy distribution feature extraction method of an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of an absolute value detection circuit of a signal conditioning circuit based on a signal energy distribution feature extraction method of an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an integrating circuit of a signal conditioning circuit based on a signal energy distribution feature extraction method of an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a second impedance matching circuit of a signal conditioning circuit based on a signal energy distribution feature extraction method of an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of the element reference numerals
10. A first impedance matching circuit
20. Amplifying circuit
30. Filter circuit
40. Absolute value detection circuit
50. Integrating circuit
60. Second impedance matching circuit
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the drawings only show the components related to the present invention rather than the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The invention provides a signal energy distribution characteristic extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit, which can quickly obtain stable signal energy ratio characteristics aiming at the working characteristics of an underwater detection platform. In addition, the invention can accelerate the processing speed of the identification signal by replacing the digital signal processing with the design of the analog conditioning circuit, and the extraction method of the signal energy distribution characteristics comprises the following steps:
and S1, selecting a plurality of narrow-band filtering channels.
And S2, designing a signal conditioning circuit corresponding to each narrow-band filtering channel.
And S3, outputting signal energy distribution characteristics by the plurality of signal conditioning circuits, wherein each signal conditioning circuit sequentially performs first isolation processing, amplification processing, band-pass filtering processing, detection processing, integration processing and second isolation processing on an input signal, and an output direct current signal is single frequency band energy.
Referring to fig. 2 to 7, the signal conditioning circuit includes a first impedance matching circuit 10, an amplifying circuit 20, a filtering circuit 30, an absolute value detecting circuit 40, an integrating circuit 50, and a second impedance matching circuit 60, wherein an input end of the first impedance matching circuit 10 is connected to an input signal, and the first impedance matching circuit 10 is configured to perform a first isolation process on the input signal; the input end of the amplifying circuit 20 is connected to the output end of the first impedance matching circuit 10, and the amplifying circuit 20 is configured to amplify the signal after the first isolation processing; the input end of the filter circuit 30 is connected to the output end of the amplifying circuit 20, and the filter circuit 30 is configured to perform band-pass filtering on the amplified signal; the input end of the absolute value detection circuit 40 is connected to the output end of the filter circuit 30, and the absolute value detection circuit 40 is configured to perform detection processing on the signal after the band-pass filtering processing; the input end of the integrating circuit 50 is connected to the output end of the absolute value detecting circuit 40, and the integrating circuit 50 is used for performing integration processing on the signal after the detection processing; the input end of the second impedance matching circuit 60 is connected to the output end of the integrating circuit 50, the output end of the second impedance matching circuit 60 outputs a direct current signal, and the second impedance matching circuit 60 is configured to perform a second isolation process on the integrated signal.
Specifically, n narrow-band filtering channels are selected according to a 1/3oct (octave) filter relationship, the number of n is determined according to the identification system by adopting channels, a signal conditioning circuit is designed according to the selected narrow-band filtering channels, and each narrow-band filtering conditioning channel comprises signal isolation, amplification, band-pass filtering, detection, isolation and the like. The center frequency of the 1/3oct filter is recommended by the international organization for standardization ISO, and is selected as follows: (1.0, 1.25,1.6,2.0,2.5,3.15,4.0,5.0,6.3, 8.0) × 10mHz, where m =0,1,2 \8230; and the center frequency f is selected as a rule 0 Lower limit frequency f l Upper limit frequency f h Table 1 is a table of values for the 1/3oct filter.
Table 1:
| f 0 (Hz) | f l (Hz) | f h (Hz) | △f(Hz) |
| 20.0 | 17.8 | 22.4 | 4.6 |
| 25.0 | 22.3 | 28.0 | 5.8 |
| 31.5 | 28.0 | 35.3 | 7.2 |
| 40.0 | 35.6 | 44.8 | 9.2 |
| 50.0 | 44.5 | 56.0 | 11.5 |
| … | … | … | … |
| 40000 | 35600.0 | 44800.0 | 9200.0 |
| 50000 | 44500.0 | 56000.0 | 11500.0 |
the signal enters a narrow-band filtering channel, firstly passes through a first impedance matching circuit 10, the matching circuit is composed of operational amplifiers and plays roles of impedance matching and isolation, then the signal passes through an amplifying circuit 20 and a filtering circuit 30, the circuit gain and the filtering characteristic are related to the central frequency and the bandwidth of the signal, the signal is input to an absolute value detection circuit 40 after being amplified and filtered, the absolute value detection circuit 40 is composed of an absolute value detection circuit, the detected signal is input to an integrating circuit 50, the integrating circuit 50 is a pi-type integrating circuit, and the integrated signal passes through a second impedance matching circuit 60 and is output to a rear-stage sampling circuit.
The first impedance matching circuit 10 includes: the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier N1 is connected to one end of the first resistor R1 and one end of the first capacitor C1, respectively, the inverting end of the first operational amplifier N1 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier N1, the other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the input signal, and the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the amplifying circuit 20; one end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier N1, and the other end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the amplifying circuit 20. The first impedance matching circuit 10 mainly plays a role in signal isolation, so that input signals of the narrow-band filtering detection channels are not affected by each other, and the circuit is a forward feedback circuit formed by operational amplifiers.
The amplification circuit 20 includes: the pin 1, the pin 2, the pin 4, the pin 5, the pin 12, the pin 13, the pin 14 and the pin 15 of the multi-channel selection device U1 are all connected with one end of a second resistor R2 through resistors, and the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected with the other end of the second capacitor C2; the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier N2 is connected with one end of the second resistor R2, the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier N2 is connected with the other end of the first resistor R1 and the filter circuit 30 through the third resistor R3, the pin 3 of the multi-channel selection device U1 is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier N2 and one end of the third capacitor C3, and the other end of the third capacitor C3 is connected with the filter circuit 30.
The circuit gain of the amplifying circuit 20 is (R4 + R2)/R2, wherein the resistance value of R4 is controlled by the multi-channel selection device U1 and the resistors R21 to R28, the gain of the circuit is controllable, the gain stepping control is realized through the control pins K1, K2, and K3, the conduction relationship between the output terminal X and the input terminals X0 to X7 is realized through the logical relationship formed by the high and low levels of the pins K1, K2, and K3, and thus the resistance value of R4 is changed, and the logical relationship of the gain of the gear is shown in table 2.
Table 2:
| gain gear | Level of K1 | K2 level | K3 level | X conduction relation | R 4 * Resistance value |
| 0 gear | 0 | 0 | 0 | X＝X0 | R 4 *＝R21 |
| 1 |
1 | 0 | 0 | X＝X1 | R 4 *＝R22 |
| 2-gear | 0 | 1 | 0 | X＝X2 | R 4 *＝R23 |
| 3 |
1 | 1 | 0 | X＝X3 | R4*＝R24 |
| 4-gear | 0 | 0 | 1 | X＝X4 | R4*＝R25 |
| 5- |
1 | 0 | 1 | X＝X5 | R4*＝R26 |
| 6-gear | 0 | 1 | 1 | X＝X6 | R4*＝R27 |
| 7- |
1 | 1 | 1 | X＝X7 | R4*＝R28 |
The filter circuit 30 includes: the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier N3 is connected to one end of a fourth capacitor C4 and one end of an eighth resistor R8, respectively, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4 is connected to one end of a fifth capacitor C5, one end of a fifth resistor R5, and one end of a sixth resistor R6, respectively, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the third capacitor C3, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded, the other end of the fifth capacitor C5 and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 are connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier N3 and one end of the sixth capacitor C6, respectively, and the other end of the sixth capacitor C6 is connected to the absolute value detection circuit 40; one end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the third operational amplifier N3, and the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is grounded.
The filter circuit 30 adopts a second-order Butterworth filter, and the performance K of the second-order Butterworth filter F (w) the following are mentioned,
wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
wherein, K F For filter circuit gain, w 0 Is the center frequency point of the filter, w is the filter frequency, Q is the loss of the filter, R5 is the fifth resistance value, R6 is the sixth resistance value, R8 is the eighth resistance value, and C4 is the fourth capacitance value.
The absolute value detection circuit 40 includes: the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier N4 is connected to one end of a ninth resistor R9, the positive end of the first diode D1, one end of an eleventh resistor R11, and one end of a seventh capacitor C7, respectively, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the other end of the sixth capacitor C6, the negative end of the first diode D1 is connected to the output end of the fourth operational amplifier N4 and the positive end of the second diode D2, respectively, and the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 and the other end of the seventh capacitor C7 are connected to the negative end of the second diode D2 and the integrating circuit 50; one end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the fourth operational amplifier N4, and the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is grounded.
When the input signal is positive, the output of the fourth operational amplifier N4 is negative voltage through the amplifier, the second diode D2 is turned off, and the first diode D1 is turned on. The first diode D1 is conducted to provide depth negative feedback for the amplifier, the reverse input end of the amplifier is a virtual ground point, signals are output through the eleventh resistor R11, and output signals are positive.
When the input signal is negative, the output of the fourth operational amplifier N4 is a positive voltage through the amplifier inversion, the first diode D1 is turned off, and the second diode D2 is turned on. The signal is inverted by the amplifier and the output signal is positive. Therefore, the signal passes through the absolute value detection circuit 40, the positive signal passes normally, and the negative signal is changed into the positive signal by inversion and output, thereby realizing the absolute value detection function.
The integration circuit 50 includes: one end of a twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the cathode end of the second diode D2 and one end of the eighth capacitor C8, the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to one end of the ninth capacitor C9 and the second impedance matching circuit 60, and the other end of the eighth capacitor C8 and the other end of the ninth capacitor C9 are both grounded. The integration circuit 50 implements a signal envelope output. The integrating circuit 50 is composed of a twelfth resistor R12, an eighth capacitor C8 and a ninth capacitor C9, and forms a pi-type integrating circuit. The peak voltage following is realized by charging and discharging the eighth capacitor C8 and the ninth capacitor C9, and the alternating current signal is converted into the direct current signal.
The second impedance matching circuit 60 includes: a non-inverting input terminal of the fifth operational amplifier N5 is connected to the other end of the twelfth resistor R12, an inverting input terminal of the fifth operational amplifier N5 is connected to an output terminal of the fifth operational amplifier N5, and an output terminal of the fifth operational amplifier N5 outputs a dc signal. The second impedance matching circuit 60 adopts forward amplification, which is convenient for the post-stage sampling processing.
The calculation formula of the circuit gain G of the signal conditioning circuit is as follows:
G＝20×log10(V detection )-L(f)+20×log10(R)-S-G BW ，
Wherein, V Detection For detecting the sampled value, L (f) is the filtering center frequency spectrum level, R is the depth of the detection platform, S is the sensitivity of the acoustic transducer, G BW Is the filter bandwidth gain;
assume a target sound source level range of SL MIN ～SL MAX The sound transducer is arranged at a depth R MIN ～R MAX The dynamic range of the system gain needs to satisfy: for minimum noise target SL MIN If the maximum depth R is assumed MAX The lower detection transmission reaches full amplitude V MAX The corresponding circuit gain is the theoretical maximum circuit gain G MAX (ii) a For maximum noise target SL MAX Then at the minimum depth R of the underwater acoustic transducer MIN Detecting full amplitude output V under the condition MAX The corresponding circuit gain is the theoretical minimum circuit gain G MIN . According to the processing requirement of the system post-stage, the circuit gain can be divided into a plurality of gears according to the gain dynamic range, and the gain gears are controlled according to the feedback signal.
The calculation formula of the upper and lower gain limits of the signal conditioning circuit is as follows:
ΔG＝G MAX -G MIN ＝L(f) MAX -L(f) MIN +20×log10(R MAX )-20×log10(R MIN )，
wherein G is MIN 、G MAX Minimum circuit gain, maximum circuit gain, L (f) MIN 、L(f) MAX Respectively, minimum value of the spectrum level of the filtering center frequency, maximum value of the spectrum level of the filtering center frequency, R MIN 、R MAX The minimum depth of the underwater acoustic transducer and the maximum depth of the underwater acoustic transducer are respectively.
Assuming that the range of the target sound source level SL is 170dB to 210dB, the range of the sound transducer arrangement depth R is 100 m to 200 m, and taking a channel with a center frequency of 20Hz as an example, the range of the filter center frequency spectrum level L (f) is 138dB to 178dB, the circuit dynamic gain designed by the channel is calculated to be 46dB according to a formula.
In summary, the signal energy distribution characteristic extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit of the invention can quickly obtain stable signal energy ratio characteristics according to the working characteristics of the underwater detection platform. In addition, the invention can accelerate the processing speed of the identification signal by replacing digital signal processing with the design of an analog conditioning circuit.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting a plurality of narrow-band filtering channels;
s2, designing a signal conditioning circuit corresponding to each narrow-band filtering channel;
and S3, outputting signal energy distribution characteristics by a plurality of signal conditioning circuits, wherein each signal conditioning circuit sequentially performs first isolation processing, amplification processing, band-pass filtering processing, detection processing, integration processing and second isolation processing on an input signal, and an output direct current signal is single frequency band energy.
2. The signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the signal conditioning circuit comprises a first impedance matching circuit (10), an amplifying circuit (20), a filter circuit (30), an absolute value detection circuit (40), an integrating circuit (50) and a second impedance matching circuit (60), wherein,
the input end of the first impedance matching circuit (10) is connected with an input signal, and the first impedance matching circuit (10) is used for carrying out first isolation processing on the input signal;
the input end of the amplifying circuit (20) is connected with the output end of the first impedance matching circuit (10), and the amplifying circuit (20) is used for amplifying the signal after the first isolation processing;
the input end of the filter circuit (30) is connected with the output end of the amplifying circuit (20), and the filter circuit (30) is used for performing band-pass filtering processing on the amplified signals;
the input end of the absolute value detection circuit (40) is connected with the output end of the filter circuit (30), and the absolute value detection circuit (40) is used for detecting the signal after the band-pass filtering processing;
the input end of the integration circuit (50) is connected with the output end of the absolute value detection circuit (40), and the integration circuit (50) is used for performing integration processing on the signal after detection processing;
the input end of the second impedance matching circuit (60) is connected with the output end of the integrating circuit (50), the output end of the second impedance matching circuit (60) outputs a direct current signal, and the second impedance matching circuit (60) is used for carrying out second isolation processing on the signal after the integration processing.
3. The signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit as recited in claim 2, wherein the first impedance matching circuit (10) comprises:
a first operational amplifier (N1), wherein the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier (N1) is respectively connected with one end of a first resistor (R1) and one end of a first capacitor (C1), the inverting end of the first operational amplifier (N1) is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier (N1), the other end of the first capacitor (C1) is connected with an input signal, and the other end of the first resistor (R1) is connected with the amplifying circuit (20);
and one end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected with the output end of the first operational amplifier (N1), and the other end of the second capacitor (C2) is connected with the amplifying circuit (20).
4. A signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on an analog conditioning circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that the amplifying circuit (20) comprises:
the multi-channel selection device (U1) is characterized in that a pin 1, a pin 2, a pin 4, a pin 5, a pin 12, a pin 13, a pin 14 and a pin 15 of the multi-channel selection device are all connected with one end of a second resistor (R2) through resistors, and the other end of the second resistor (R2) is connected with the other end of the second capacitor (C2);
the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier (N2) is connected with one end of the second resistor (R2), the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier (N2) is connected with the other end of the first resistor (R1) and the filter circuit (30) through the third resistor (R3), the pin 3 of the multi-channel selection device (U1) is connected with the output end of the second operational amplifier (N2) and one end of the third capacitor (C3), and the other end of the third capacitor (C3) is connected with the filter circuit (30).
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the filter circuit (30) comprises:
the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier (N3) is respectively connected with one end of a fourth capacitor (C4) and one end of an eighth resistor (R8), the other end of the fourth capacitor (C4) is respectively connected with one end of a fifth capacitor (C5), one end of a fifth resistor (R5) and one end of a sixth resistor (R6), the other end of the fifth resistor (R5) is connected with the other end of the third capacitor (C3), the other end of the sixth resistor (R6) is grounded, the other ends of the fifth capacitor (C5) and the eighth resistor (R8) are respectively connected with the output end of the third operational amplifier (N3) and one end of the sixth capacitor (C6), and the other end of the sixth capacitor (C6) is connected with an absolute value detection circuit (40);
and one end of the seventh resistor (R7) is connected with the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier (N3), and the other end of the seventh resistor (R7) is grounded.
6. The signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein the absolute value detection circuit (40) comprises:
a reverse-phase input end of the fourth operational amplifier (N4) is respectively connected with one end of a ninth resistor (R9), a positive end of the first diode (D1), one end of an eleventh resistor (R11) and one end of a seventh capacitor (C7), the other end of the ninth resistor (R9) is connected with the other end of the sixth capacitor (C6), a negative end of the first diode (D1) is respectively connected with an output end of the fourth operational amplifier (N4) and a positive end of the second diode (D2), and the other end of the eleventh resistor (R11) and the other end of the seventh capacitor (C7) are respectively connected with a negative end of the second diode (D2) and the integrating circuit (50);
and one end of a tenth resistor (R10) is connected with the non-inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier (N4), and the other end of the tenth resistor (R10) is grounded.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the integrating circuit (50) comprises:
and one end of the twelfth resistor (R12) is connected with the cathode end of the second diode (D2) and one end of the eighth capacitor (C8), the other end of the twelfth resistor (R12) is connected with one end of the ninth capacitor (C9) and the second impedance matching circuit (60), and the other end of the eighth capacitor (C8) and the other end of the ninth capacitor (C9) are both grounded.
8. The signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit as recited in claim 7, wherein the second impedance matching circuit (60) comprises:
and a non-inverting input end of the fifth operational amplifier (N5) is connected with the other end of the twelfth resistor (R12), an inverting input end of the fifth operational amplifier (N5) is connected with an output end of the fifth operational amplifier (N5), and an output end of the fifth operational amplifier (N5) outputs a direct current signal.
9. The signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the filter circuit (30) adopts a second-order Butterworth filter, and the performance K of the second-order Butterworth filter F (w) the following are mentioned,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
wherein, K F For filter circuit gain, w 0 Is the center frequency point of the filter, w is the filter frequency, Q is the loss of the filter, R5 is the fifth resistance value, R6 is the sixth resistance value, R8 is the eighth resistance value, and C4 is the fourth capacitance value.
10. The signal energy distribution feature extraction method based on the analog conditioning circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the calculation formula of the circuit gain G of the signal conditioning circuit is as follows,
G＝20×log10(V detection )-L(f)+20×log10(R)-S-G BW ，
Wherein, V Detection For detecting the sampled value, L (f) is the filtering center frequency spectrum level, R is the depth of the detection platform, S is the sensitivity of the acoustic transducer, G BW Is the filter bandwidth gain;
the calculation formula of the upper and lower gain limits of the signal conditioning circuit is as follows:
ΔG＝G MAX -G MIN ＝L(f) MAX -L(f) MIN +20×log10(R MAX )-20×log10(R MIN )，
wherein G is MIN 、G MAX Minimum circuit gain, maximum circuit gain, L (f) MIN 、L(f) MAX Respectively the minimum value of the spectrum level of the filter center frequency, the maximum value of the spectrum level of the filter center frequency, R MIN 、R MAX The minimum depth of the underwater acoustic transducer and the maximum depth of the underwater acoustic transducer are respectively.
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