CN115864587A

CN115864587A - 16 string lithium cell BMS battery management system

Info

Publication number: CN115864587A
Application number: CN202211627205.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 康锦辉
Original assignee: Zhongshan Zhongneng Times New Energy Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhongshan Zhongneng Times New Energy Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-16
Filing date: 2022-12-16
Publication date: 2023-03-28

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power management, and particularly discloses a 16-string lithium battery BMS battery management system which comprises an MCU main control circuit, a battery connecting circuit, a charging and discharging detection circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, an external communication circuit and a drive control circuit, wherein the battery connecting circuit, the charging and discharging detection circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit, the external communication circuit and the drive control circuit are all electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit, and the battery connecting circuit is respectively electrically connected with the charging and discharging detection circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit and the drive control circuit. The charging and discharging detection circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit are arranged to acquire signals such as voltage, current, temperature and residual electricity quantity, the MCU master control circuit outputs driving control signals to realize charging equalization, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, over-temperature protection and the like, the external communication circuit realizes external transmission of the signals, and the functions of acquisition, management, communication and the like are integrated into a whole, so that the integrated circuit can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor base stations.

Description

16 string lithium cell BMS battery management system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of power management, in particular to a battery management system of a BMS (battery management system) with 16 strings of lithium batteries.

Background

BMS, the english acronym of Battery Management System, is used herein for Battery Management systems. BMS, generally colloquially referred to as battery caregivers or battery caregivers, have a primary function of intelligently monitoring, managing, and maintaining individual battery cells. With the wide application of the lithium iron battery in the communication industry, requirements such as high performance, high reliability, high cost performance and the like are also provided for a battery management system, for example, a communication base station generally needs to adopt the lithium iron battery. However, the existing battery management system has single function and poor anti-interference capability, and if the working parameters of the single battery and the whole battery pack cannot be timely and accurately acquired: such as voltage, current, temperature, remaining capacity, etc., the monitoring and management of the battery cannot be realized, the optimal control strategy of the base station is also influenced, and the safety performance of the battery is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem that a 16-string lithium battery BMS battery management system is provided aiming at the defects of the prior art, a charging and discharging detection circuit and a temperature acquisition circuit are arranged to acquire signals such as voltage, current, temperature and residual electricity, an MCU main control circuit outputs driving control signals to realize charging equalization, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, overtemperature protection and the like, an external communication circuit realizes external transmission of the signals, an integrated design is adopted to integrate the functions of acquisition, management, communication and the like, and the system can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor base stations.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides a 16 cluster lithium cell BMS battery management system, includes MCU main control circuit, battery connecting circuit, charge-discharge detection circuit, temperature acquisition circuit, to outer communication circuit and drive control circuit all with MCU main control circuit electric connection, battery connecting circuit respectively with charge-discharge detection circuit, temperature acquisition circuit and drive control circuit electric connection.

Preferably, the MCU main control circuit includes an MCU main control chip U1, a burning interface P1, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R26, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C12, and a capacitor C16, and the burning interface P1, the resistor R17, the resistor R18, the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the resistor R26, the diode D1, the diode D2, the capacitor C12, and the capacitor C16 are all connected to the MCU main control chip U1.

Preferably, the battery connection circuit includes a battery interface P7, a battery interface P8, a battery interface P9, a battery interface P10, a charging MOS tube set, a discharging MOS tube set, a voltage stabilizing tube set, and a charging and discharging output circuit, the charging MOS tube set, the discharging MOS tube set, the voltage stabilizing tube set, and the charging and discharging output circuit are respectively connected to the battery interface P7, the battery interface P8, and the battery interface P9, the battery interface P7, the battery interface P8, and the battery interface P9 are all connected to the battery interface P10, and the battery interface P10 is connected to the MCU main control chip U1.

Preferably, the charge and discharge detection circuit comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a switch wake-up detection circuit, a battery preheating circuit, a charge detection circuit, a discharge detection circuit and a load detection circuit, and the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the switch wake-up detection circuit, the battery preheating circuit, the charge detection circuit, the discharge detection circuit and the load detection circuit are all connected with the MCU main control chip U1.

Preferably, the temperature acquisition circuit comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R16, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C7, a voltage regulator tube ZD1, a thermistor NTC1 and a thermistor NTC2, wherein the resistor R7, the resistor R8, the resistor R9, the resistor R16, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C3, the capacitor C5, the capacitor C7, the voltage regulator tube ZD1, the thermistor NTC1 and the thermistor NTC2 are all connected with the MCU main control chip U1.

Preferably, the external communication circuit comprises an RS232 communication chip U16, an RS485 communication chip U18, a CAN bus communication chip U13, a communication interface P11, a communication interface P12 and a communication interface P13, wherein the communication interface P11, the communication interface P12 and the communication interface P13 are respectively connected with the RS232 communication chip U16, the RS485 communication chip U18 and the CAN bus communication chip U13, and the RS232 communication chip U16, the RS485 communication chip U18 and the CAN bus communication chip U13 are all connected with the MCU master control chip U1.

Preferably, the driving control circuit comprises a driving control chip U19, an MOS driving signal detection circuit, a driving transfer circuit, a constant current control circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit, the MOS driving signal detection circuit, the driving transfer circuit, the constant current control circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are all connected with the driving control chip U19, and the driving control chip U19 is connected with the MCU main control chip U1.

By adopting the technical scheme, the battery management system for the 16-string lithium battery BMS provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the battery connecting circuit, the charging and discharging detection circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit, the external communication circuit and the drive control circuit in the 16-string lithium battery BMS battery management system are electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit, the battery connecting circuit is respectively electrically connected with the charging and discharging detection circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit and the drive control circuit, signals such as voltage, current, temperature and residual electricity are acquired by arranging the charging and discharging detection circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit, the MCU main control circuit outputs the drive control signal to realize charging equalization, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, over-temperature protection and the like, the external transmission of the signals is realized by the external communication circuit, an integrated design is adopted, the functions such as acquisition, management and communication are integrated, the functions are diversified, the intelligence degree is high, and the system can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor base stations, such as an integrated base station, a marginal station, a repeater, a macro base station, a solar base station and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of the MCU master control circuit and the temperature acquisition circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of the battery connection circuit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of a charge and discharge detection circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of an external communication circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of a drive control circuit according to the present invention;

in the figure, 1-MCU main control circuit, 2-battery connection circuit, 3-charge and discharge detection circuit, 4-temperature acquisition circuit, 5-external communication circuit and 6-drive control circuit.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

As shown in fig. 1, in the structural block diagram of the present invention, the battery management system for 16 strings of lithium batteries BMS includes an MCU main control circuit 1, a battery connection circuit 2, a charging and discharging detection circuit 3, a temperature acquisition circuit 4, an external communication circuit 5 and a driving control circuit 6, wherein the battery connection circuit 2, the charging and discharging detection circuit 3, the temperature acquisition circuit 4, the external communication circuit 5 and the driving control circuit 6 are all electrically connected to the MCU main control circuit 1, and the battery connection circuit 2 is respectively electrically connected to the charging and discharging detection circuit 3, the temperature acquisition circuit 4 and the driving control circuit 6. It can be understood that the battery connection circuit 2 is used for connecting a battery terminal, the charge and discharge detection circuit 3 is used for detecting information such as temperature, voltage, current and the like when the battery is charged or discharged, the external communication circuit 5 is used for communicating with an upper computer through an RS232 interface, so that various information of the battery including battery voltage, current, temperature, state, SOC, SOH, battery production information and the like is monitored at the upper computer terminal, and the default baud rate is 9600bps; the MCU main control circuit 1 is used for centrally controlling the working states of the charge and discharge detection circuit 3, the temperature acquisition circuit 4, the external communication circuit 5 and the drive control circuit 6, etc.

Specifically, fig. 2 is a working schematic diagram of the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 1 to 7, the MCU main control circuit 1 includes an MCU main control chip U1, a burning interface P1, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R26, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C12, and a capacitor C16, where the burning interface P1, the resistor R17, the resistor R18, the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the resistor R26, the diode D1, the diode D2, the capacitor C12, and the capacitor C16 are all connected to the MCU main control chip U1; the battery connection circuit 2 comprises a battery interface P7, a battery interface P8, a battery interface P9, a battery interface P10, a charging MOS tube group, a discharging MOS tube group, a voltage stabilizing tube group and a charging and discharging output circuit, wherein the charging MOS tube group, the discharging MOS tube group, the voltage stabilizing tube group and the charging and discharging output circuit are respectively connected with the battery interface P7, the battery interface P8 and the battery interface P9, the battery interface P7, the battery interface P8 and the battery interface P9 are all connected with the battery interface P10, and the battery interface P10 is connected with the MCU main control chip U1; the charging and discharging detection circuit 3 comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a switch awakening detection circuit, a battery preheating circuit, a charging detection circuit, a discharging detection circuit and a load detection circuit, wherein the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the switch awakening detection circuit, the battery preheating circuit, the charging detection circuit, the discharging detection circuit and the load detection circuit are all connected with the MCU main control chip U1, the voltage acquisition circuit comprises a capacitor C24, a capacitor C32, a capacitor C35, a voltage converter U8, a voltage converter U10 and the like, the current acquisition circuit comprises a diode D3, a diode D4, a capacitor EC1 and the like, the battery preheating circuit comprises an interface P3, a resistor R46, a resistor R48, a resistor R49, a resistor R50, a voltage stabilizing tube ZD3, a diode D7, a transistor Q13 and the like, the charging detection circuit comprises a resistor R73, a resistor R74, a resistor R77, a transistor Q16, a voltage regulator tube ZD7, a diode D18, a diode D13 and the like, the discharging detection circuit comprises a resistor R67, a resistor R68, a resistor R69, a resistor R71, a resistor R79, a resistor R88, a resistor R91, a resistor R92, a resistor R95, a resistor R99, a resistor R100, a capacitor C38, a transistor Q15, a transistor Q18, a capacitor C38 and the like, the switch wake-up circuit comprises an interface P6, a key S2, a resistor R85, a resistor R76, a diode D14, a diode D16, a diode D17 and the like, and the load detection circuit comprises a triode Q20, a resistor R96, a resistor R97, a resistor R98, a voltage regulator tube ZD9, a resistor R102, a resistor R104, a triode Q22 and the like; the temperature acquisition circuit 4 comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R16, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C7, a voltage-regulator tube ZD1, a thermistor NTC1 and a thermistor NTC2, wherein the resistor R7, the resistor R8, the resistor R9, the resistor R16, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C3, the capacitor C5, the capacitor C7, the voltage-regulator tube ZD1, the thermistor NTC1 and the thermistor NTC2 are all connected with the MCU main control chip U1; the external communication circuit 5 comprises an RS232 communication chip U16, an RS485 communication chip U18, a CAN bus communication chip U13, a communication interface P11, a communication interface P12 and a communication interface P13, wherein the communication interface P11, the communication interface P12 and the communication interface P13 are respectively connected with the RS232 communication chip U16, the RS485 communication chip U18 and the CAN bus communication chip U13, and the RS232 communication chip U16, the RS485 communication chip U18 and the CAN bus communication chip U13 are all connected with the MCU master control chip U1; the driving control circuit 6 includes a driving control chip U19, a MOS driving signal detection circuit, a driving transfer circuit, a constant current control circuit, and an overcurrent protection circuit, where the MOS driving signal detection circuit, the driving transfer circuit, the constant current control circuit, and the overcurrent protection circuit are all connected to the driving control chip U19, the MOS driving signal detection circuit includes a resistor R259, a resistor R261, a resistor R260, and the like, the driving transfer circuit includes a resistor R26, a resistor R269, and the like, the constant current control circuit includes a transistor Q76, a transistor Q77, a transistor Q78, a resistor R262, a resistor R263, a resistor R264, a resistor R265, a resistor R266, a resistor R267, a resistor R268, a resistor R270, a resistor R271, a resistor R272, a diode D27, and the like, and the overcurrent protection circuit includes a resistor R175, a resistor R176, a resistor R177, a resistor R178, a triode Q55, a triode Q56, a resistor R220, a capacitor C59, and the like, the driving control chip U19 is connected to the MCU 1, the driving control chip may be related to the TMC chip, and other elements are not shown in the figures, and the description is omitted, and the remaining elements are omitted. It is understood that the MCU master control chip U1 may be an STM32 single chip or the like, the RS232 communication chip U16 may be a MAX232ESE chip or the like, the RS485 communication chip U18 may be a MAX485ESA chip or the like, and the CAN bus communication chip U13 may be an SN6517 chip or the like.

It can be understood that the 16-string lithium battery BMS battery management system has a single battery voltage measurement range of 0-5V, a total voltage measurement range of 0-60V, and the charging and discharging temperature rise should not exceed 70 ℃. It has the following functional properties: high integrated analog front end, isolation power supply circuit, integrated serial port IC, high voltage precision, high current precision, 4 ways of battery temperature detection, SOC estimation function, SOH estimation function, short-circuit protection function, adjustable overcurrent protection function, have multiple dormancy and awaken mode, low-power consumption, RS485 communication, parameter adjustable setting, data refresh interval is less than or equal to 2 seconds, LED state indication function, charge equalization function, SOC precision (less than or equal to 5% @50% capacity range) etc.. When any one of the following conditions is met, the system enters a low power consumption mode: 1) The monomer or overall over-discharge protection is not released within 30 seconds; 2) The key is released after the key is pressed for (3-6S) seconds; 3) The lowest cell voltage is lower than the sleep voltage and the duration reaches the sleep delay time (while meeting no communication, no charger, no current); 4) The standby time exceeds the set time (simultaneously, no communication, no charger and no current are met); 5) Forcibly shutting down through upper computer software; before entering the sleep mode, it is required to ensure that the input end is not accessed with the external voltage, otherwise, the low power consumption mode cannot be entered. When the system is in the low power consumption mode and meets any one of the following conditions, the system exits the low power consumption mode and enters a normal operation mode: 1) When the charger is connected, the output voltage of the charger needs to be more than 48V. 2) Pressing a key (3-6S), and loosening the key; remarking: after the monomer or the total over-discharge protection, the low power consumption mode is entered, the low power consumption mode is awakened regularly every 4 hours, and a charging and discharging MOS is started; if charging is available, the sleep state is exited to enter normal charging; if the charging can not be realized after the automatic awakening for 10 times continuously, the automatic awakening is not performed any more; when the system is defined as charging is finished, the recovery voltage is not reached after the system is standby for 2 days (standby time set value), and charging is forcibly recovered until the recharging is finished.

It can be understood that the 16-string lithium battery BMS battery management system is provided with double RS485 interfaces, information of PACK can be checked, the baud rate is 9600bps as a default, if communication with a monitoring device through the RS485 is needed, the monitoring device serves as a host, data are polled according to addresses, and the address setting range is 1-15. When the PACKs are used in parallel, the addresses can be set through the dial switches on the BMS to distinguish different PACKs, and it is necessary to avoid setting the addresses to be the same. The protection board is electrified to have strict sequence requirements, B-, P-, B + and P + are welded firstly, the battery sampling line connectors are sequentially plugged from low to high, and charging or key activation is needed after electrification. And after all the connecting wires are installed, a load or a charger can be added. When the battery sampling wire is dismounted, the charger or the load is firstly pulled out, the battery sampling wire connectors are sequentially dismounted from high to low, and finally B +, P +, B-and P-are dismounted.

It can be understood that the invention has reasonable design and unique structure, collects signals such as voltage, current, temperature, residual electric quantity and the like by arranging the charging and discharging detection circuit 3 and the temperature collection circuit, outputs driving control signals by the MCU main control circuit 1 to realize charging equalization, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, over-temperature protection and the like, realizes external transmission of signals by an external communication circuit, adopts an integrated design to integrate the functions of collection, management, communication and the like into a whole, has diversified functions and high intelligent degree, and can be widely applied to indoor and outdoor base stations, such as integrated base stations, marginal stations, repeater stations, macro base stations, solar base stations and the like.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a 16 cluster lithium cell BMS battery management system which characterized in that: the intelligent temperature control device comprises an MCU main control circuit, a battery connecting circuit, a charging and discharging detection circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, an external communication circuit and a drive control circuit, wherein the battery connecting circuit, the charging and discharging detection circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit, the external communication circuit and the drive control circuit are electrically connected with the MCU main control circuit, and the battery connecting circuit is electrically connected with the charging and discharging detection circuit, the temperature acquisition circuit and the drive control circuit respectively.

2. The BMS battery management system for 16-string lithium batteries according to claim 1, wherein: the MCU master control circuit comprises an MCU master control chip U1, a burning interface P1, a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor R20, a resistor R26, a diode D1, a diode D2, a capacitor C12 and a capacitor C16, wherein the burning interface P1, the resistor R17, the resistor R18, the resistor R19, the resistor R20, the resistor R26, the diode D1, the diode D2, the capacitor C12 and the capacitor C16 are all connected with the MCU master control chip U1.

3. The BMS battery management system for a 16-string lithium battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the battery connecting circuit comprises a battery interface P7, a battery interface P8, a battery interface P9, a battery interface P10, a charging MOS pipe set, a discharging MOS pipe set, a voltage stabilizing pipe set and a charging and discharging output circuit, wherein the charging MOS pipe set, the discharging MOS pipe set, the voltage stabilizing pipe set and the charging and discharging output circuit are respectively connected with the battery interface P7, the battery interface P8 and the battery interface P9, the battery interface P7, the battery interface P8 and the battery interface P9 are all connected with the battery interface P10, and the battery interface P10 is connected with the MCU main control chip U1.

4. The BMS battery management system for a 16-string lithium battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the charging and discharging detection circuit comprises a voltage acquisition circuit, a current acquisition circuit, a switch awakening detection circuit, a battery preheating circuit, a charging detection circuit, a discharging detection circuit and a load detection circuit, and the voltage acquisition circuit, the current acquisition circuit, the switch awakening detection circuit, the battery preheating circuit, the charging detection circuit, the discharging detection circuit and the load detection circuit are all connected with the MCU main control chip U1.

5. The BMS battery management system for a 16-string lithium battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: the temperature acquisition circuit comprises a resistor R7, a resistor R8, a resistor R9, a resistor R16, a capacitor C1, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C7, a voltage-regulator tube ZD1, a thermistor NTC1 and a thermistor NTC2, wherein the resistor R7, the resistor R8, the resistor R9, the resistor R16, the capacitor C1, the capacitor C3, the capacitor C5, the capacitor C7, the voltage-regulator tube ZD1, the thermistor NTC1 and the thermistor NTC2 are all connected with the MCU main control chip U1.

6. The BMS battery management system for 16-string lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein: the external communication circuit comprises an RS232 communication chip U16, an RS485 communication chip U18, a CAN bus communication chip U13, a communication interface P11, a communication interface P12 and a communication interface P13, wherein the communication interface P11, the communication interface P12 and the communication interface P13 are respectively connected with the RS232 communication chip U16, the RS485 communication chip U18 and the CAN bus communication chip U13, and the RS232 communication chip U16, the RS485 communication chip U18 and the CAN bus communication chip U13 are all connected with the MCU master control chip U1.

7. The BMS battery management system for 16-string lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein: the driving control circuit comprises a driving control chip U19, an MOS driving signal detection circuit, a driving transfer circuit, a constant current control circuit and an overcurrent protection circuit, wherein the MOS driving signal detection circuit, the driving transfer circuit, the constant current control circuit and the overcurrent protection circuit are all connected with the driving control chip U19, and the driving control chip U19 is connected with the MCU main control chip U1.