CN115856903A - A Multi-functional Arbor Tree Height, Crown Width and DBH Accurate Measuring Instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry research equipment, in particular to a multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width, and breast diameter accurate measuring instrument, which includes a rotating machine base, several supports, a processing device and a detection device. Compared with the traditional The measurement tool can more accurately measure the tree height, crown width, breast diameter, and GPS positioning coordinates of trees at the same time, and can take pictures, and transmit all information to mobile phones and other electronic devices through Bluetooth for storage, avoiding the previous measurement of tree height and crown. It simplifies the measurement process, reduces the waste of manpower and financial resources, and realizes the modernization of information.

Description

A Multi-functional Arbor Tree Height, Crown Width and DBH Accurate Measuring Instrument

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of forestry research equipment, in particular to a multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width and breast diameter accurate measuring instrument.

Background technique

As we all know, in the process of tree investigation and scientific research, tree height, crown width, and diameter at breast height are three important indicators for studying tree growth and stand growth changes. The current commonly used method of measuring the crown width of a tree is usually that the measurer stands in the four directions of east, south, west and north under the tree in turn, and uses the method of looking up to determine the edge of the crown in each direction; then use a tape measure The distance from the edge of the crown to the trunk, that is, the length of the crown. This method has the following disadvantages: (1) The observer needs to look up and observe, and it is very tiring to measure for a long time; (2) It is difficult to realize that the visual observation position is the projection position of the edge of the tree crown when observing with the head up, which affects the measurement accuracy; (3) ) It is difficult to determine the direction of the observer in the tree crown in the forest, which affects the accuracy of observation.

The diameter at breast height is usually measured with a vernier caliper, a tape measure or a tape measure. For a tree with too large diameter, a vernier caliper cannot meet the measurement requirements. The tape measure and tape measure can only measure its circumference and then calculate its diameter at breast height. Several people need to cooperate to complete the measurement, and the eyes of the observer are higher than the measuring ruler, resulting in a large measurement error. Moreover, the current instruments can only measure one item, resulting in a waste of manpower and financial resources.

Contents of the invention

(1) Solved technical problems

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the invention provides a multifunctional arbor accurate measuring instrument for tree height, crown width and breast diameter, which has the effects of convenient measurement and high precision.

(2) Technical solution

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width, diameter at breast height accurate measuring instrument, comprising a rotating base, several supports, processing devices and detection devices, the bottom of the rotating base There are several connecting blocks, the bracket includes joints, connecting pipes, sleeves and telescopic rods, the joints include convex balls, the connecting blocks can be matched with the convex balls, and the convex balls are rollingly connected to the connecting blocks, so The bottom end of the convex ball is provided with a connecting rod, the middle part of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting groove, the connecting pipe is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the inside of the connecting pipe is provided with a connecting ring matching the connecting groove. The bottom of the connecting pipe is threadedly connected to the top of the casing, the inside of the casing is threaded, and is threaded with the telescopic rod, and the bottom end of the rotating base is provided with a telescopic ruler;

The rotating machine base includes a seat body, a top cover is installed on the top of the seat body, a rotating groove is arranged inside the seat body, and a rotary block is rotatably connected between the rotating groove and the middle part of the top cover. A swivel ring is arranged around the swivel block, and the swivel ring is rotationally connected with the seat body and the top cover through several balls;

The processing device includes a top frame, the top frame is fixed on the top of the rotary block, the inside of the top frame is provided with a casing, the casing is provided with a partition, and one side of the partition is provided with a battery, The other side is provided with a Bluetooth module, a GPS positioning module and a processing module, and a display screen is provided on the top of the frame;

The right part of the top frame is provided with a groove, and a detection device is rotatably connected in the groove, and the detection device includes an adjusting structure and an alignment structure, and the adjusting structure includes a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the groove , the rotating shaft is connected with a connecting sleeve, the right end of the connecting sleeve is provided with a connecting block, the right end of the connecting block is provided with a rotating block, the right end of the rotating block is provided with a fixed block, and the rotating block is rotatably connected to the fixed Inside the block, the alignment structure includes a detection disc, the detection disc is arranged on the right end of the fixed block, the right end of the detection disc is provided with a protractor disc, and a digital display protractor is connected to the protractor disc for rotation, and the The two protractor rods of the digital display protractor are all connected with a detection head, and a micro camera is arranged in the detection head, and a laser transmitter and a laser receiver are respectively arranged on both sides of the micro camera, and the battery, the bluetooth module, The GPS positioning module, display screen, digital display protractor, miniature camera, laser transmitter and laser receiver are all electrically connected to the processing module through wires.

Further, an angle conversion structure is provided between the fixed block and the detection disc, the angle conversion structure includes a conversion rod and a conversion plate, the right end of the rotary block is set in a depression, and the right part of the fixed block is provided with a positioning block, a conversion lever is slidably connected between the inside of the positioning block and the fixed block, the left end of the conversion rod is provided with a spring groove, and is provided with a spring, one end of the spring is connected with the left end of the spring groove, and the other end is connected with the left end of the spring groove. The conversion rod is connected, and the right end of the fixed block is provided with several conversion grooves, which are arranged at a uniform angle. The conversion rod is provided with a plectrum, and the plectrum can be snapped into the conversion groove.

Further, several horizontal bubbles are installed on the side of the detection disc, the side of the fixed block and the top of the top cover.

Preferably, several protractor lines are marked on the protractor disk, and all of them are marked with angles.

Further, a first locking structure is provided between the sleeve and the telescopic rod, the first locking structure includes a locking block, and a first locking structure is threaded between the locking block and the sleeve. bolts, and the first locking bolt is against the telescopic rod, a second locking structure is provided between the top cover and the ring, the second locking structure includes a second locking bolt, and the second locking The tightening bolt passes through the top cover and abuts against the rotating ring. A third locking structure is provided between the top frame and the rotating shaft, and the third locking structure includes a third locking bolt and abuts against the rotating shaft.

Preferably, the telescopic ruler includes several sections, and each section of the telescopic ruler is provided with a scale, and the top of the telescopic ruler is connected and fixed to the rotating base through a fixing sleeve.

Further, the top frame is provided with a keyboard area, and several operation buttons are arranged on the keyboard area, and are electrically connected with the processing module through electric wires.

Further, the rotational connection between the two protractor rods and the protractor plate of the digital display protractor is a high-friction rotational connection, and the rolling fit between the convex ball and the connecting block is a high-frictional rolling fit .

Preferably, each protractor rod is provided with a shift lever.

(3) Beneficial effects

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width and accurate measuring instrument for DBH, which has the following beneficial effects:

Compared with traditional measurement tools, this multi-functional arbor tree height, crown width and breast diameter accurate measuring instrument can measure the tree height, crown width, breast diameter and GPS positioning coordinates of arbor more accurately at the same time, and can take pictures and record all The information is transmitted to mobile phones and other electronic devices through Bluetooth for storage, which avoids the situation of measuring tree height and crown width estimation and large errors in the past, simplifies the measurement process, reduces the waste of manpower and financial resources, and realizes information modernization.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a partial top view between the processing device and the detection device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another direction of the detection head of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial right view schematic diagram between the fixed block and the plectrum of the present invention;

5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial explosion of the angle conversion structure of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle of measuring the breast diameter of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the measurement principle of crown width measurement according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the measuring principle of measuring tree height in the present invention.

In the figure: 1. connecting block; 2. connecting pipe; 3. casing; 4. telescopic rod; 5. convex ball; 6. connecting rod; 7. connecting ring; 8. telescopic ruler; 9. seat body; Top cover; 11, rotating slot; 12, rotating block; 13, rotating ring; 14, ball; 15, top frame; 16, shell; 17, partition; 18, battery; 19, Bluetooth module; 20, GPS positioning Module; 21, processing module; 22, display screen; 23, groove; 24, rotating shaft; 25, connecting sleeve; 26, connecting block; 27, turning block; 28, fixed block; Disk; 31. Digital display protractor; 32. Detection head; 33. Micro camera; 34. Laser transmitter; 35. Laser receiver; 36. Conversion rod; 37. Positioning block; 38. Spring; 39. Conversion slot; 40 , paddle; 41, horizontal bubble; 42, first locking bolt; 43, second locking bolt; 44, third locking bolt; 45, operation button; 46, lever.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1-5, a kind of multifunctional arbor tree height of the present invention, canopy width, diameter at breast height accurate measuring instrument, comprise rotating machine base, several supports, processing device and detection device, the bottom of rotating machine base is provided with several connecting Block, the bracket includes joints, connecting pipes, sleeves and telescopic rods, the joints include convex balls, the connecting block can be matched with the convex ball, and the convex ball is rollingly connected to the connecting block, the rolling fit between the convex ball and the connecting block is The high-friction rolling fit can make the convex ball and the connecting block have a high friction force, so that when the bracket is deployed, it has a certain damping force and increases stability. The bottom end of the convex ball is provided with a connecting rod. The middle part of the connecting rod is provided with a connecting groove, the connecting pipe is sleeved on the connecting rod, and the inside of the connecting pipe is provided with a connecting ring matching the connecting groove, so that the connecting pipe and the connecting rod can rotate freely, and the bottom of the connecting pipe is in contact with the connecting rod. The tops of the sleeves are connected by threads, and the inside of the sleeves is provided with threads, which are threadedly connected with the telescopic rod. When the length of the telescopic rod needs to be adjusted, just rotate the telescopic rod. A locking structure, the first locking structure includes a locking block, a first locking bolt is threadedly connected between the locking block and the sleeve, and the first locking bolt is against the telescopic rod, by rotating the first locking bolt The first locking bolt of the structure can lock the measuring instrument. The bottom end of the rotating machine base is provided with a telescopic ruler. The telescopic ruler includes several sections. Each section of the telescopic ruler is equipped with a scale. The rotating bases are connected and fixed by a fixed sleeve. When in use, the height of the measuring instrument from the ground can be known according to the scale indication on the telescopic ruler.

The rotating machine base includes a seat body, a top cover is installed on the top of the seat body, a rotating groove is arranged inside the seat body, a rotary block is rotatably connected between the rotating groove and the middle part of the top cover, and a rotary ring is arranged around the rotary block, and The rotating ring is connected with the seat body and the top cover through several balls, so that the rotating block can rotate on the seat body, and the rotation between the rotation and the seat body can be more convenient through the rolling rotation of the balls. Stable, there is a second locking structure between the top cover and the ring, the second locking structure includes a second locking bolt, the second locking bolt passes through the top cover, and is against the ring, by rotating the second The second locking bolt of the locking structure can lock the rotary block.

The processing device includes a top frame, the top frame is fixed on the top of the rotary block, a casing is arranged inside the top frame, a partition is arranged inside the casing, a battery is arranged on one side of the partition, and a Bluetooth module and GPS positioning are installed on the other side. Module and processing module, the top of the frame is equipped with a display screen, the Bluetooth module can transmit data to the user's mobile phone and computer equipment, which can be conveniently stored by the user, and the GPS positioning module can locate the measuring instrument, so that the final measurement In the data, GPS positioning information can be attached to facilitate later reference to the data. The processing module can calculate and process the data. The calculation is calculated by the calculation method of the fixed calculation formula. The display screen is used to display the detected information and other information. It is convenient for users to operate. There is a keyboard area on the top shelf, and several operation buttons are arranged on the keyboard area, and are electrically connected with the processing module through wires, and the measuring instrument can be operated through the keyboard.

The right part of the top frame is provided with a groove, and a detection device is rotatably connected in the groove. The detection device includes an adjustment structure and an alignment structure. The adjustment structure includes a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected in the groove. The right end of the connecting block is provided with a connecting block, the right end of the connecting block is provided with a rotating block, and the right end of the rotating block is provided with a fixed block. Rotation, and the up and down axial rotation of the detection device can be completed by rotating the base, multi-directional adjustable so that the measuring instrument can easily align the detection device with the tree to be measured, and a third locking structure is provided between the top frame and the rotating shaft , the third locking structure includes a third locking bolt, which abuts against the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft can be conveniently locked by rotating the third locking bolt.

The calibration structure includes a detection plate, which is set on the right end of the fixed block, and a protractor plate is set on the right end of the test plate. Several protractor lines are marked on the protractor plate, and all of them are marked with angles. If the angle is known under the circumstances, a digital display protractor is connected to the protractor disc, and the two protractor rods of the digital display protractor are connected with detection heads. The two protractor rods can be moved by hand, and each of the protractor rods Both are equipped with a lever, which can be used to easily move the protractor lever. There is a micro-camera in the detection head, which can take pictures. The two sides of the micro-camera are respectively equipped with a laser transmitter and a laser receiver. The transmitter can emit infrared rays. When the infrared rays irradiate the trees, they will be reflected back to the infrared rays. The reflected infrared rays will be received by the laser receiver, and then through the calculation of the processing module, the distance from the detection head to the trees can be obtained, and then processed. The calculation of the module can get the final value you want to measure. The rotating connection between the two protractor rods and the protractor plate of the digital display protractor is a high frictional rotating connection, so that there will be a certain friction when the protractor rod rotates. A certain damping force increases the rotation resistance so that the protractor will not move by itself due to gravity after adjustment. Battery, Bluetooth module, GPS positioning module, display screen, digital protractor, miniature camera, laser transmitter Both the laser receiver and the laser receiver are electrically connected to the processing module through wires.

An angle conversion structure is arranged between the fixed block and the detection plate, and the angle conversion structure includes a conversion rod and a conversion piece. There is a conversion rod slidingly connected, the left end of the conversion rod is provided with a spring groove, and a spring is provided, one end of the spring is connected with the left end of the spring groove, and the other end is connected with the conversion rod, and the right end of the fixed block is provided with several conversion grooves, which are uniform Angle setting, there is a pick on the conversion rod, and the pick can be snapped into the conversion slot. When in use, because the height of the tree is measured vertically, while the crown width and diameter at breast height are measured from the horizontal, this leads to detection The measurement direction of the device needs to be rotated, so it is designed with an angle conversion structure. When in use, you can pull the paddle to the right, then rotate the appropriate angle, and then release the paddle, so that the paddle snaps into another conversion slot.

Wherein, several level bubbles are installed on the side of the detection plate, the side of the fixed block and the top of the top cover, which can conveniently observe whether it is level.

To sum up, the multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width and DBH accurate measuring instrument, when measuring, the first step is to take the measuring instrument to the side of the tree root, turn on the power, the GPS positioning module starts to work, and reads the geographic location. Coordinates are displayed on the display.

The second step is to move the measuring instrument to a suitable position, operate several brackets on the measuring instrument, pull out the telescopic rod in the middle, and through the cooperation of the telescopic rod and several brackets, the height of the measuring instrument from the ground is 1.2m , and make the measuring instrument stand firmly when it has several brackets, and then through the cooperation of the level bubble on the top cover, make the base level as much as possible.

The third step is to operate the adjustment structure, hold the fixed block by hand, then rotate it up and down to a suitable position, and try to keep the fixed block as horizontal as possible through the cooperation of the horizontal bubble on the fixed block, and then pull the paddle to the right. Then rotate the appropriate angle, and then release the pick, so that the pick snaps into another conversion slot, so that the protractor disc remains horizontal.

The fourth step is to move the two levers so that the laser emitters of the two detection heads are irradiated on both sides of the measured tree at a distance of 1.2 meters, and then operate several operation buttons to make the measuring instrument start to work. The laser emitter Infrared rays are emitted, and when the infrared rays hit the trees, they will be reflected back to the infrared rays, and the reflected infrared rays will be received by the laser receiver, and then through the calculation of the processing module, the distance from the detection head to the tree can be obtained, and then through the calculation of the processing module , the value of DBH can be obtained and displayed on the display.

The fifth step is to hold the fixed block by hand, release the second locking structure, turn the fixed block upwards, make the laser emitter aim at the maximum crown of the tree, and then repeat the operation of the fourth step.

The sixth step is to pull the paddle to the right, then rotate the appropriate angle, and then release the paddle, so that the paddle is snapped into another conversion slot, so that the protractor is in a vertical state, and then operate the two laser transmitters on the At the highest point and the root of the tree, repeat the fourth step.

The seventh step is to operate several operation buttons, turn on the miniature camera, and take pictures, then connect the Bluetooth module through the mobile phone or computer through Bluetooth, operate several operation buttons, so that all the data obtained can be transmitted to the mobile phone or computer for storage through Bluetooth. Finally put away the gauge and go to the next tree or crate.

Please refer to Figure 6, the measurement formula of breast diameter is D ² ＝PQ ² ＝m ² +n ² -2mncosO, please refer to Figure 7, the measurement formula of crown width is W ² ＝FE ² ＝c ² +d ² -2cdcosD, please refer to In Fig. 8, the measurement formula of tree height is H ² =BC ² =a ² +b ² -2abcosA.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (9)

1. a multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width, diameter at breast height accurate measuring instrument is characterized in that: comprise rotating machine base, several supports, processing device and detection device, the bottom of described rotating machine base is provided with several connecting blocks ( 26)(1), the bracket includes a joint, a connecting pipe (2), a sleeve (3) and a telescopic rod (4), the joint includes a convex ball (5), and the connecting block (26)(1) It can be matched with the convex ball (5), and the convex ball (5) is rollingly connected to the connection block (26) (1), the bottom end of the convex ball (5) is provided with a connecting rod (6), and the connection The middle part of the rod (6) is provided with a connecting groove, the connecting pipe (2) is sleeved on the connecting rod (6), and the inside of the connecting pipe (2) is provided with a connecting ring (7) matching the connecting groove, so The bottom of the connecting pipe (2) is threadedly connected to the top of the casing (3), the inside of the casing (3) is provided with threads, and is threaded with the telescopic rod (4), and the rotating machine The bottom end of the seat is provided with a telescopic ruler (8); The rotating machine base includes a seat (9), a top cover (10) is installed on the top of the seat (9), and a rotating groove (11) is arranged inside the seat (9), and the rotating groove (11) and the middle part of the top cover (10) are rotatably connected with a swivel block (12), and a swivel ring (13) is arranged around the swivel block (12), and the swivel ring (13) is connected with the seat body (9 ) and the top cover (10) are rotationally connected by several balls (14); Described processing device comprises top frame (15), and described top frame (15) is fixed on the top of rotary block (12), and the inside of described top frame (15) is provided with casing (16), and described casing ( 16) A partition (17) is arranged inside, a battery (18) is provided on one side of the partition (17), and a Bluetooth module (19), a GPS positioning module (20) and a processing module (21) are provided on the other side. ), the top of the frame is provided with a display screen (22); The right part of the top frame (15) is provided with a groove (23), and a detection device is rotatably connected in the groove (23), and the detection device includes an adjustment structure and an alignment structure, and the adjustment structure includes a rotating shaft ( 24), the rotating shaft (24) is rotatably connected in the groove (23), the connecting sleeve (25) is connected on the rotating shaft (24), and the right end of the connecting sleeve (25) is provided with a connecting block (26) , the right end of the connecting block (26) is provided with a rotary block (27), the right end of the rotary block (27) is provided with a fixed block (28), and the rotary block (27) is rotatably connected to the fixed block (28) Inside, the alignment structure includes a detection disc (29), the detection disc (29) is arranged on the right end of the fixed block (28), and the right end of the detection disc (29) is provided with a protractor disc (30), the A digital display protractor (31) is rotatably connected to the protractor plate (30), and the two protractor rods of the digital display protractor (31) are connected with detection heads (32), and the detection head (32) is provided with Miniature camera (33), the both sides of described miniature camera (33) are respectively provided with laser transmitter (34) and laser receiver (35), described battery (18), bluetooth module (19), GPS positioning module ( 20), display screen (22), digital display protractor (31), miniature camera (33), laser transmitter (34) and laser receiver (35) are all electrically connected with processing module (21) by electric wire. 2. a kind of multifunctional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, diameter at breast height accurate measuring instrument is characterized in that: between described fixed block (28) and detection disc (29), be provided with angle conversion structure, The angle conversion structure includes a conversion rod (36) and a conversion piece, the right end of the rotary block (27) is recessed, and the right part of the fixed block (28) is provided with a positioning block (37), and the positioning block The inside of (37) and fixed block (28) are slidably connected with conversion lever (36), and the left end of described conversion lever (36) is provided with spring (38) groove, and is provided with spring (38), and described spring One end of (38) is connected with the left end of spring (38) groove, and the other end is connected with conversion bar (36), and the right end of described fixed block (28) is provided with several conversion grooves (39), and is uniform angle setting, so A plectrum (40) is arranged on the conversion lever (36), and the plectrum (40) can be snapped into the conversion slot (39). 3. a kind of multifunctional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, accurate measuring instrument of diameter at breast height, is characterized in that: the side of described detection plate (29), the side of fixed block (28) and top cover ( 10) several horizontal bubbles (41) are installed on the top. 4. a kind of multi-functional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, accurate measuring instrument for diameter at breast height, is characterized in that: several protractor lines are engraved on the described protractor disc (30), and all decals Angled. 5. A multifunctional arbor tree height, crown width, and breast diameter accurate measuring instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first lock is arranged between the sleeve (3) and the telescopic rod (4) The first locking structure includes a locking block, and a first locking bolt (42) is screwed between the locking block and the sleeve (3), and the first locking bolt (42) is against On the telescopic rod (4), a second locking structure is provided between the top cover (10) and the swivel ring (13), the second locking structure includes a second locking bolt (43), the The second locking bolt (43) passes through the top cover (10) and abuts on the swivel ring (13). A third locking structure is arranged between the top frame (15) and the rotating shaft (24). The third locking structure includes a third locking bolt (44), and abuts against the rotating shaft (24). 6. a kind of multifunctional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, accurate measuring instrument of diameter at breast height, is characterized in that: described telescoping ruler (8) comprises several sections, all is set on every joint telescoping ruler (8) There are scales, and the top of the telescopic ruler (8) is connected and fixed by a fixed sleeve with the rotating base. 7. a kind of multifunctional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, accurate measuring instrument of diameter at breast height, is characterized in that: described top frame (15) is provided with keyboard area, and is provided with several operation The key (45) is electrically connected with the processing module (21) through electric wires. 8. A kind of multifunctional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, accurate measuring instrument for diameter at breast height, is characterized in that: two protractor rods and protractor plate (30) of described digital display protractor (31) The rotating connection between them is a high-frictional rotating connection, and the rolling fit between the convex ball (5) and the connecting block (26) (1) is a high-frictional rolling fit. 9. a kind of multifunctional arbor tree height according to claim 1, crown width, accurate measuring instrument of diameter at breast height, is characterized in that: all be provided with driving rod (46) on each described protractor rod.

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