CN115856555A - Method for defining and preventing foreign body flashover risk area of isolating switch - Google Patents

Method for defining and preventing foreign body flashover risk area of isolating switch Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115856555A
CN115856555A CN202310168380.9A CN202310168380A CN115856555A CN 115856555 A CN115856555 A CN 115856555A CN 202310168380 A CN202310168380 A CN 202310168380A CN 115856555 A CN115856555 A CN 115856555A
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China
Prior art keywords
flashover
foreign matter
isolating switch
voltage
post insulator
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Pending
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CN202310168380.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
饶斌斌
李帆
黄道春
双明镜
杨祎
杜修明
陈江波
周世阳
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202310168380.9A priority Critical patent/CN115856555A/en
Publication of CN115856555A publication Critical patent/CN115856555A/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for defining and preventing a foreign matter flashover risk area of an isolating switch, which comprises the steps of carrying out a foreign matter flashover simulation test of the isolating switch at a certain moment when a foreign matter falls through iron wire simulation, changing the length of the iron wire and the horizontal distance between the iron wire and a post insulator to obtain flashover voltage, successively determining the foreign matter flashover critical distance of a low-voltage end and a high-voltage end of the isolating switch by taking the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch as a reference, drawing the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch, and finally shielding the foreign matter flashover risk area by adopting an isolating switch bird prevention device. The invention can provide reference for preventing bird-related faults of the disconnecting switch of the transformer substation and improve the safe and stable operation capability of the power grid.

Description

Method for defining and preventing foreign body flashover risk area of isolating switch
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bird prevention of transformer substations, in particular to a method for defining and preventing a foreign matter flashover risk area of an isolating switch.
Background
With the increasing demand of social electricity, transformer substations are also continuously constructed and expanded, and the increasing of birds brought by the improvement of ecological environment in recent years threatens the safety of a power grid. From the actual type of power equipment failure, the number of grid failure events caused by bird activities is increasing year by year, and the actual economic loss and social impact caused by the bird activities are continuously increasing. Especially, in the transformer substation in the area with superior natural environment, the power supply safety of the transformer substation is threatened by the increase of the variety and the number of birds. In the construction process of transformer substation, because the development in city needs, its construction mode of keeping away from the urban area, near people smoke scarcely, compare in all ring edge borders, transformer substation evening light is sufficient, and a large amount of bugs receive near light attraction can gather the transformer substation, and these bugs have brought sufficient supply for the birdcrowd, and the birdcrowd can constantly fly between the substation equipment in the feed and pass through, easy contact substation equipment and wire also make it change and suffer from the influence of birds activity.
There is the clearance in isolator's contact and insulator top gold utensil department, attracts birds to nest easily, when moist bird excrement or bird nest material fall, probably leads to the isolator insulator to discharge, influences isolator's safety and stability operation. For a long time, scholars at home and abroad develop a series of observation and statistics work on the bird-involved fault problem of the power grid, and propose and apply different types of bird-involved fault prevention and treatment measures, but the research on the bird-involved fault mechanism of the substation isolating switch is less and the targeted prevention and treatment measures are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide reference for preventing and controlling bird-related faults of an isolating switch of a transformer substation and improve the safe and stable operation capacity of a power grid.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a method for defining and preventing a foreign body flashover risk area of an isolating switch,
a pillar insulator of the isolating switch is erected on the insulating support table, a contact is arranged above a hardware fitting on the pillar insulator, the contact is electrically connected with a high-voltage end, and a hardware fitting below the pillar insulator is grounded;
under the condition that the upper end of the simulated foreign matter is flush with the lower surface of the upper hardware fitting of the post insulator, a foreign matter flashover simulation test is carried out under the condition that the length of the simulated foreign matter and the horizontal distance between the simulated foreign matter and the post insulator are changed, flashover voltage is recorded, and when the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is not more than a set percentage, the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign matter and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator is the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the low-voltage end of the isolating switch; changing the length of the simulated foreign body and the horizontal distance between the simulated foreign body and the support insulator, carrying out a foreign body flashover simulation test to determine a flashover voltage, and if the difference between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is not more than a set percentage, setting the distance between the upper end of the simulated foreign body and the lower surface of the upper hardware fitting of the support insulator as the flashover critical distance of the foreign body at the high-voltage end of the isolating switch;
respectively drawing foreign matter flashover risk areas of a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of a post insulator by taking a foreign matter flashover critical distance of the high-voltage end of the isolating switch and a foreign matter flashover critical distance of the low-voltage end of the isolating switch as radiuses, wherein when the foreign matter flashover risk areas of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the isolating switch are respectively simulated at two ends of a foreign matter, a gap near the post insulator is bound to be punctured to cause flashover, and the shortest distance between the foreign matter flashover risk areas is the critical foreign matter length;
and determining the size of the anti-bird device of the disconnecting switch according to the size of the foreign matter flashover risk area and the size of the post insulator.
More preferably, the simulated foreign matter is iron wire.
Preferably, the insulating rope is fixed above the contact through a hook, and the iron wire is fixed on the insulating rope by using an insulating adhesive tape and vertically droops.
Further preferably, the foreign matter flashover simulation test is: the method comprises the steps of adopting an even boosting method to test, rapidly boosting for the first time until flashover occurs, recording flashover voltage, recording a flashover process by using a camera, keeping the upper end of a simulated foreign body flush with the lower surface of an upper hardware fitting of a post insulator or keeping the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign body and the upper surface of a lower hardware fitting of the post insulator unchanged for the flashover critical distance of the foreign body at a low-voltage end if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of an isolating switch is greater than a set percentage, changing the length of the simulated foreign body and retesting the horizontal distance of the simulated foreign body with the post insulator, and carrying out repeated tests for many times if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is not greater than the set percentage, and taking the average value of the flashover voltage.
Further preferably, for the disconnecting switch composed of a plurality of post insulators, the foreign matter flashover risk region further includes a region for causing a single-section or multi-section post insulator to flashover, and a foreign matter flashover simulation test for the single-section or multi-section post insulator needs to be performed from top to bottom.
Further preferably, the anti-bird device for the disconnecting switch realizes the prevention and the treatment of the flashover fault of the foreign matter by blocking the gap between the foreign matter and the post insulator hardware fitting.
Further preferably, isolator anti-bird device includes two hollow semicircle epoxy boards, and hollow semicircle epoxy board inner radius is post insulator umbrella pole radius, and the outer radius is post insulator high-pressure end foreign matter flashover risk area and post insulator upper hardware utensil radius, fixes the hardware utensil top under the post insulator through the bolt hole of two hollow semicircle epoxy boards of bolted connection.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, a static iron wire is used for simulating a certain moment when foreign matters such as bird droppings, bird nest materials and the like fall, a foreign matter flashover simulation test of the isolating switch is carried out, the length of the iron wire and the horizontal distance between the iron wire and a pillar insulator are changed to obtain flashover voltage, the foreign matter flashover critical distance of the low-voltage end and the high-voltage end of the isolating switch is determined successively by taking the highest operation phase voltage of the isolating switch as a reference, a foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch is drawn, finally, a prevention measure is adopted to shield the foreign matter flashover risk area, and as a result, a reference can be provided for preventing bird-related faults of the isolating switch by a transformer substation, and the safe and stable operation capability of a power grid is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the conventional technologies of the present application, the drawings used in the descriptions of the embodiments or the conventional technologies will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following descriptions are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a layout diagram of a foreign matter flashover simulation test of the disconnecting switch.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the control measure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the control measure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a foreign object flashover risk area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 21. the anti-bird device comprises a post insulator, 22 contacts, 23 insulated wires, 24 insulated ropes, 25 hooks, 26 insulated adhesive tapes, 27 iron wires, 28 DV cameras, 29 insulated support tables, 31 hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates, 32 bolt holes, 41 isolating switch anti-bird devices, 42 post insulator upper hardware fittings, 43 post insulator umbrella rods and 44 post insulator lower hardware fittings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Due to the breakdown of air, the electron avalanche speed is about 1.25X 10 7 cm/s, about 7X 10 of the development speed of the flow column 7 ~8×10 7 cm/s, lead development rate of about 10 6 ~10 7 cm/s. Taking a 220 kV isolating switch as an example, the breakdown gap distance is about 36 cm, and the breakdown time is about 10 according to calculation -6 And s is about. The total length of the free falling body of the foreign matter is 200 cm, the average falling speed of the foreign matter is the fastest in the last 1 cm route, the time required for 1 cm to pass is 1.84 ms, and the magnitude of the time is more than 100 times of that of the breakdown process. Therefore, in the breakdown process, the foreign matters are considered to be static, and in a humid and dirty environment, the bird manure and the bird nest material both have high conductivity and can be used as conductors, so that a static iron wire can be used for simulating a certain moment when the foreign matters such as the bird manure and the bird nest material fall. Therefore, the invention provides a method for defining and preventing a foreign matter flashover risk area of an isolating switch, which is characterized in that a static iron wire is used for simulating a certain moment when foreign matters such as bird droppings, bird nest materials and the like fall, a foreign matter flashover simulation test of the isolating switch is carried out, and the foreign matter flashover risk area is determined.
The overall process and test layout of the invention are shown in fig. 1-2, and specifically include:
step S1: the post insulator 21 of the disconnecting switch is cleaned, dried and erected on an insulating support 29, a contact 22 is arranged above an upper post insulator fitting 42, the contact 22 is connected with a high-voltage end through an insulating wire 23 (a wire externally provided with an insulating layer), a lower post insulator fitting 44 is grounded through another insulating wire 23, and an insulating rope 24 is fixed above the contact 22 through a hook 25.
Step S2: an iron wire 27 with a certain length and a diameter of 3 mm is fixed on the insulating rope 24 by an insulating tape 26 and vertically droops, the iron wire 27 keeps a certain horizontal distance with the post insulator 21, and the upper end of the iron wire 27 is flush with the lower surface of the post insulator upper hardware tool 42 in an initial state.
And step S3: after the iron wire 27 is fixed, a foreign matter flashover simulation test is carried out by adopting an even boosting method, the voltage is quickly boosted for the first time until flashover occurs, flashover voltage is recorded, a DV camera 28 is used for recording the flashover process, if the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is more than 10 percent, the upper end of the iron wire 27 is kept flush with the lower surface of an upper hardware fitting 42 of the post insulator, the length of the iron wire 27 and the horizontal distance between the iron wire 27 and the post insulator 21 are changed for retesting, if the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is less than or equal to 10 percent, 4 retests are carried out, the voltage is increased to be close to the expected flashover voltage each time, then the voltage is increased at the speed of 10% -20% of the expected flashover voltage each time until flashover occurs, the test interval of the two times is 1-2 minutes, then the average value with the error not exceeding 10% is taken as the flashover voltage under the condition, if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is less than or equal to 1%, the distance between the lower end of the iron wire 27 and the upper surface of the hardware fitting under the post insulator is the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the low-voltage end of the isolating switch, and otherwise, the length of the iron wire 27 and the horizontal distance between the iron wire 27 and the post insulator 21 are changed for retesting.
And step S4: the difference from step S3 is: the upper end of the iron wire 27 is no longer kept flush with the lower surface of the upper post insulator hardware fitting 42, the distance between the lower end of the iron wire 27 and the upper surface of the lower post insulator hardware fitting 44 is equal to the low-voltage-end foreign matter flashover critical distance, the length of the iron wire 27 and the horizontal distance between the iron wire 27 and the post insulator 21 are changed, the foreign matter flashover simulation test in the step S3 is repeated to determine the flashover voltage, and if the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is less than or equal to 1%, the distance between the upper end of the iron wire 27 and the lower surface of the upper post insulator hardware fitting 42 is equal to the high-voltage-end foreign matter flashover critical distance of the isolating switch.
Step S5: use isolator high-voltage end foreign matter flashover critical distance and isolator low pressure end foreign matter flashover critical distance respectively as the radius, draw out the foreign matter flashover risk area of post insulator high-voltage end and low-voltage end, when the foreign matter flashover risk area that the simulation foreign matter both ends were located high-voltage end and low-voltage end respectively, near post insulator 21 clearance must take place to puncture and lead to the flashover, the shortest distance between the foreign matter flashover risk area is critical foreign matter length.
Step S6: the size of the isolator bird repeller 41 is determined according to the size of the foreign object flashover risk area and the size of the post insulator 21.
The foreign matter flashover risk area is used for carrying out foreign matter flashover simulation tests on single-section and multi-section post insulators from top to bottom for an isolating switch which is composed of a plurality of post insulators 21 and has the voltage of 220 kV or more and also comprises an area for enabling single-section or multi-section post insulators to flashover.
The anti-bird device 41 of the disconnecting switch is shown in fig. 3-4, and realizes the prevention and treatment of the flashover fault of the foreign matter by blocking the gap between the foreign matter and the post insulator hardware fitting, and comprises two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates 31, wherein the inner radius of each hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate 31 is the radius of an umbrella rod 43 of the post insulator, the outer radius of each hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate is the radius of the post insulator upper hardware fitting 42 added to the high-voltage-end foreign matter flashover risk area of the post insulator, and bolt holes 32 for connecting the two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates 31 through bolts are fixed above the post insulator lower hardware fitting 44.
This isolator prevents bird device 41 adopts epoxy insulating material, ensure can not reduce the alternate insulation distance of isolator after the installation, isolator prevents bird device 41 and installs under the post insulator on gold utensil 44, it is high-pressure end foreign matter flashover risk area to shelter from the scope, can guarantee like this when the foreign matter upper end is located high-pressure end foreign matter flashover risk area, even the foreign matter lower extreme is located low-pressure end foreign matter flashover risk area, but the air gap between foreign matter and post insulator under gold utensil 44 has been blockked by isolator prevents bird device 41, can't constitute the flashover passageway, realize the prevention and cure to foreign matter flashover trouble, install isolator prevents bird device 41 in addition and can avoid the post insulator to appear can't receiving the rainwater washing, accumulate a large amount of filthy hidden danger circumstances, guarantee equipment operation safety.
One embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 5, which is a diagram of foreign object flashover risk areas of a post insulator of a certain type of isolator, where areas 1 and 2 are foreign object flashover risk areas causing flashover of the entire post insulator of the isolator, and areas 3 and 4 are foreign object flashover risk areas causing flashover of the upper post insulator of the isolator; according to the experiment, the distance between the region 1 and the upper post insulator hardware fitting 42 is 266 mm, the distance between the region 2 and the lower post insulator hardware fitting 44 is 349 mm, the distance between the region 3 and the upper post insulator hardware fitting 42 is 204 mm, and the distance between the region 4 and the middle post insulator hardware fitting is 279 mm.
Then, the size of the corresponding isolating switch bird preventing device 41 is determined, the radius of the umbrella rod 43 of the post insulator is 65 mm, and the radius of the hardware fitting 42 on the post insulator is 90 mm, so that the inner diameter R =65 mm of the isolating switch bird preventing device 41, and if only the upper half post insulator 21 is prevented from flashover, the outer diameter R =204+90=294 mm of the isolating switch bird preventing device 41; if the flashover of the whole post insulator 21 is prevented, the outer diameter R =266+90=356 mm of the disconnecting switch bird-preventing device 41, and finally the disconnecting switch bird-preventing device 41 is fixed above the post insulator lower hardware fitting 44.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for defining and preventing a foreign body flashover risk area of an isolating switch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a pillar insulator of the isolating switch is erected on the insulating support table, a contact is arranged above a hardware fitting on the pillar insulator, the contact is electrically connected with a high-voltage end, and a hardware fitting below the pillar insulator is grounded;
under the condition that the upper end of the simulated foreign matter is flush with the lower surface of the upper hardware fitting of the post insulator, a foreign matter flashover simulation test is carried out under the condition that the length of the simulated foreign matter and the horizontal distance between the simulated foreign matter and the post insulator are changed, flashover voltage is recorded, and when the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is not more than a set percentage, the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign matter and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator is the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the low-voltage end of the isolating switch; enabling the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign body and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator to be equal to the critical flashover distance of the foreign body at the low-voltage end, changing the length of the simulated foreign body and the horizontal distance between the simulated foreign body and the post insulator, carrying out a foreign body flashover simulation test to determine a flashover voltage, and if the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest operation phase voltage of the isolating switch is not more than a set percentage, enabling the distance between the upper end of the simulated foreign body and the lower surface of the upper hardware fitting of the post insulator to be equal to the critical flashover distance of the foreign body at the high-voltage end of the isolating switch;
respectively drawing foreign matter flashover risk areas of a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of a post insulator by taking a foreign matter flashover critical distance of the high-voltage end of the isolating switch and a foreign matter flashover critical distance of the low-voltage end of the isolating switch as radiuses, wherein when the foreign matter flashover risk areas of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the isolating switch are respectively simulated at two ends of a foreign matter, a gap near the post insulator is bound to be punctured to cause flashover, and the shortest distance between the foreign matter flashover risk areas is the critical foreign matter length;
and determining the size of the anti-bird device of the disconnecting switch according to the size of the foreign matter flashover risk area and the size of the post insulator.
2. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the simulated foreign bodies are iron wires.
3. The method for defining and preventing the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the insulating rope is fixed above the contact through the hook, and the iron wire is fixed on the insulating rope by the insulating adhesive tape and vertically droops.
4. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the foreign matter flashover simulation test comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of adopting an even boosting method to test, rapidly boosting for the first time until flashover occurs, recording flashover voltage, recording a flashover process by using a camera, if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest operation phase voltage of an isolating switch is larger than a set percentage, keeping the upper end of a simulated foreign body flush with the lower surface of an upper hardware fitting of a post insulator or enabling the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign body and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator to be equal to the flashover critical distance of the foreign body at a low-voltage end, changing the length of the simulated foreign body and the horizontal distance with the post insulator to test again, if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest operation phase voltage of the isolating switch is not larger than the set percentage, carrying out repeated tests for many times again, and taking the average value of the flashover voltage.
5. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: for an isolating switch consisting of a plurality of post insulators, the foreign matter flashover risk area also comprises an area for single-section or multi-section post insulators to flashover, and foreign matter flashover simulation tests of the single-section and multi-section post insulators are needed to be respectively carried out from top to bottom.
6. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the disconnecting switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the anti-bird device of the isolating switch realizes the prevention and the treatment of the flashover fault of the foreign matter by blocking the gap between the foreign matter and the post insulator hardware fitting.
7. The method for defining and preventing the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the anti-bird device of the isolating switch comprises two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates, the inner radius of each hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate is the radius of an umbrella rod of the post insulator, the outer radius of each hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate is the radius of a hardware fitting on the post insulator in addition to a foreign matter flashover risk area at the high-voltage end of the post insulator, and bolt holes for connecting the two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates through bolts are fixed above the hardware fitting under the post insulator.
CN202310168380.9A 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 Method for defining and preventing foreign body flashover risk area of isolating switch Pending CN115856555A (en)

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Application publication date: 20230328