CN115856555A - Delineation and prevention method of foreign object flashover risk area of a disconnector - Google Patents

Delineation and prevention method of foreign object flashover risk area of a disconnector Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115856555A
CN115856555A CN202310168380.9A CN202310168380A CN115856555A CN 115856555 A CN115856555 A CN 115856555A CN 202310168380 A CN202310168380 A CN 202310168380A CN 115856555 A CN115856555 A CN 115856555A
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flashover
foreign matter
isolating switch
voltage
post insulator
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饶斌斌
李帆
黄道春
双明镜
杨祎
杜修明
陈江波
周世阳
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Jiangxi Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for defining and preventing a foreign matter flashover risk area of an isolating switch, which comprises the steps of carrying out a foreign matter flashover simulation test of the isolating switch at a certain moment when a foreign matter falls through iron wire simulation, changing the length of the iron wire and the horizontal distance between the iron wire and a post insulator to obtain flashover voltage, successively determining the foreign matter flashover critical distance of a low-voltage end and a high-voltage end of the isolating switch by taking the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch as a reference, drawing the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch, and finally shielding the foreign matter flashover risk area by adopting an isolating switch bird prevention device. The invention can provide reference for preventing bird-related faults of the disconnecting switch of the transformer substation and improve the safe and stable operation capability of the power grid.

Description

一种隔离开关异物闪络风险区域划定及防治方法Delineation and prevention method of foreign object flashover risk area of a disconnector

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及变电站防鸟技术领域,具体为一种隔离开关异物闪络风险区域划定及防治方法。The invention relates to the technical field of substation bird prevention, in particular to a method for demarcating and preventing flashover risk areas of foreign objects in isolating switches.

背景技术Background technique

随着社会用电需求的不断增加,变电站也在不断的建设与拓广,而近年来生态环境的改善所带来的鸟类增多也威胁着电网的安全性。从实际的电力设备故障类型来看,由于鸟类活动而造成的电网故障事件数量逐年上升,同时所造成的实际经济损失与社会影响都不断加大。特别是自然环境优越地区的变电站,鸟类种类与数量的增长威胁到了变电站的供电安全。在变电站的建设过程中,由于城市的发展需要,其远离城区的建设模式,附近人烟稀少,相较于周边环境,变电站晚上光线充足,大量虫子受光线吸引会聚集到变电站附近,这些虫子为鸟群带来了充足的供给,鸟群在进食中会不断地在变电设备之间飞行穿越,容易接触变电设备和导线,也使其更易遭受到鸟类活动的影响。With the continuous increase of social demand for electricity, substations are also constantly being constructed and expanded, and the increase in birds brought about by the improvement of the ecological environment in recent years also threatens the security of the power grid. From the perspective of actual power equipment failure types, the number of power grid failure events caused by bird activities has increased year by year, and at the same time, the actual economic losses and social impacts have continued to increase. Especially in substations in areas with superior natural environment, the growth of bird species and numbers threatens the power supply security of substations. During the construction of the substation, due to the needs of urban development, the construction mode is far away from the urban area, and there are few people in the vicinity. Compared with the surrounding environment, the substation has sufficient light at night, and a large number of insects will gather near the substation attracted by the light. These insects are birds. With sufficient supply, the flock of birds will continue to fly between the substation equipment while eating, and it is easy to touch the substation equipment and wires, which also makes it more susceptible to the impact of bird activities.

隔离开关的触头以及绝缘子上方金具处存在间隙,容易吸引鸟类筑巢,当湿润的鸟粪或鸟巢材料坠落时,可能导致隔离开关绝缘子放电,影响隔离开关的安全稳定运行。长期以来,国内外学者对电网涉鸟故障问题开展了一系列的观察、统计工作,提出和应用了一些不同类型的涉鸟故障防治措施,但对于变电站隔离开关涉鸟故障机理研究较少且缺少针对性的防治措施。There are gaps between the contacts of the isolating switch and the metal fittings above the insulator, which are easy to attract birds to build nests. When wet bird droppings or bird’s nest materials fall, it may cause the insulator of the isolating switch to discharge, affecting the safe and stable operation of the isolating switch. For a long time, scholars at home and abroad have carried out a series of observations and statistical work on the problem of bird-related faults in power grids, and proposed and applied some different types of bird-related fault prevention and control measures. targeted preventive measures.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是为变电站防治隔离开关涉鸟故障提供参考,提高电网安全稳定运行的能力,本发明公开一种隔离开关异物闪络风险区域划定及防治方法。The purpose of the invention is to provide a reference for substation prevention and control of bird-related faults in isolating switches, and improve the ability of safe and stable operation of the power grid.

本发明的目的是这样实现的:一种隔离开关异物闪络风险区域划定及防治方法,The object of the present invention is achieved in this way: a method for delimiting and preventing the flashover risk area of a disconnector,

隔离开关的支柱绝缘子架设在绝缘支撑台上,支柱绝缘子上金具上方配置有触头,触头通过电性连接高压端,支柱绝缘子下金具接地;The post insulator of the isolating switch is erected on the insulating support platform. Contacts are arranged above the fittings on the post insulator. The contacts are electrically connected to the high-voltage end, and the fittings under the post insulator are grounded;

在模拟异物的上端与支柱绝缘子上金具下表面齐平的条件下,改变模拟异物的长度和与支柱绝缘子的水平距离的情况下进行异物闪络模拟试验,记录闪络电压,当闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值不大于设定百分比时,则模拟异物下端与支柱绝缘子下金具上表面之间的距离为隔离开关低压端异物闪络临界距离;使模拟异物下端与支柱绝缘子下金具上表面之间的距离为低压端异物闪络临界距离不变,改变模拟异物长度和与支柱绝缘子的水平距离,进行异物闪络模拟试验确定闪络电压,若闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值不大于设定百分比,则模拟异物上端与支柱绝缘子上金具下表面之间的距离为隔离开关高压端异物闪络临界距离;Under the condition that the upper end of the simulated foreign object is flush with the lower surface of the upper metal fitting of the post insulator, and the length of the simulated foreign object and the horizontal distance from the post insulator are changed, the foreign object flashover simulation test is carried out, and the flashover voltage is recorded. When the flashover voltage is equal to When the difference between the highest operating phase voltage of the isolating switch is not greater than the set percentage, the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign object and the upper surface of the lower metal fitting of the post insulator is the critical distance for flashover of the foreign object at the low-voltage end of the isolating switch; make the lower end of the simulated foreign object and the post insulator The distance between the upper surfaces of the lower fittings is that the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the low-voltage end remains unchanged, the length of the simulated foreign matter and the horizontal distance from the post insulator are changed, and the foreign matter flashover simulation test is carried out to determine the flashover voltage. If the difference of the highest operating phase voltage is not greater than the set percentage, the distance between the upper end of the simulated foreign object and the lower surface of the upper metal fitting of the post insulator is the critical distance for foreign object flashover at the high voltage end of the disconnector;

分别以隔离开关高压端异物闪络临界距离和隔离开关低压端异物闪络临界距离为半径,绘制出支柱绝缘子高压端和低压端的异物闪络风险区域,当模拟异物两端分别处在高压端和低压端的异物闪络风险区域时,支柱绝缘子附近间隙必会发生击穿导致闪络,异物闪络风险区域间的最短距离为临界异物长度;Taking the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the high-voltage end of the disconnector and the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the low-voltage end of the disconnector as the radius, draw the risk areas of foreign matter flashover at the high-voltage end and low-voltage end of the post insulator. In the foreign object flashover risk area at the low-voltage end, breakdown will occur in the gap near the post insulator to cause flashover, and the shortest distance between the foreign object flashover risk areas is the critical foreign object length;

根据异物闪络风险区域大小和支柱绝缘子尺寸确定隔离开关防鸟装置的尺寸。The size of the bird-proof device of the disconnector is determined according to the size of the foreign object flashover risk area and the size of the post insulator.

进一步优选,所述模拟异物为铁丝。Further preferably, the simulated foreign matter is iron wire.

进一步优选,将绝缘绳通过挂钩固定在触头上方,铁丝用绝缘胶带固定在绝缘绳上竖直下垂。Further preferably, the insulating rope is fixed above the contact through a hook, and the iron wire is fixed on the insulating rope with an insulating tape to hang vertically.

进一步优选,所述异物闪络模拟试验:采用均匀升压法进行试验,第一次快速升压直至发生闪络,记录闪络电压,用摄像机记录闪络过程,若闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值大于设定百分比,则保持模拟异物的上端与支柱绝缘子上金具下表面齐平或使模拟异物下端与支柱绝缘子下金具上表面之间的距离为低压端异物闪络临界距离不变,改变模拟异物长度和与支柱绝缘子的水平距离重新试验,若闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值不大于设定百分比,则开展多次重复试验,取闪络电压的平均值。Further preferably, the foreign body flashover simulation test: the test is carried out by using the uniform boost method, and the voltage is boosted rapidly for the first time until a flashover occurs, and the flashover voltage is recorded, and the flashover process is recorded with a camera. If the difference of the highest operating phase voltage is greater than the set percentage, then keep the upper end of the simulated foreign object flush with the lower surface of the upper fitting of the post insulator or make the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign object and the upper surface of the lower fitting of the post insulator the critical flashover of the foreign object at the low-voltage end The distance remains unchanged, and the length of the simulated foreign object and the horizontal distance from the post insulator are changed to retest. If the difference between the flashover voltage and the highest operating phase voltage of the disconnector is not greater than the set percentage, repeated tests are carried out, and the flashover voltage is taken as average of.

进一步优选,对于由多个支柱绝缘子组成的隔离开关,异物闪络风险区域还包括令单节或多节支柱绝缘子闪络的区域,需要从上到下分别进行单节和多节支柱绝缘子的异物闪络模拟试验。Further preferably, for a disconnector composed of multiple post insulators, the foreign matter flashover risk area also includes the area where single-section or multi-section post insulators flashover, and the foreign matter of single-section and multi-section post insulators needs to be checked from top to bottom. Flashover simulation test.

进一步优选,所述隔离开关防鸟装置通过阻挡异物与支柱绝缘子金具之间的间隙实现对异物闪络故障的防治。Further preferably, the anti-bird device of the isolating switch realizes the prevention and control of foreign matter flashover faults by blocking the gap between the foreign matter and the post insulator hardware.

进一步优选,所述隔离开关防鸟装置包括两块空心半圆环氧树脂板,空心半圆环氧树脂板内半径为支柱绝缘子伞杆半径,外半径为支柱绝缘子高压端异物闪络风险区域加上支柱绝缘子上金具半径 ,通过螺栓连接两块空心半圆环氧树脂板的螺栓孔固定在支柱绝缘子下金具上方。Further preferably, the bird-proof device of the isolating switch includes two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates, the inner radius of the hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate is the radius of the umbrella pole of the pillar insulator, and the outer radius is the risk area of foreign matter flashover at the high voltage end of the pillar insulator plus the pillar The radius of the upper fitting of the insulator is fixed above the lower fitting of the post insulator through bolt holes connecting two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates.

本发明的有益效果:本发明通过使用静止铁丝模拟鸟粪和鸟巢材料等异物下落的某一时刻,开展隔离开关异物闪络模拟试验,改变铁丝的长度和与支柱绝缘子的水平距离获取闪络电压,以隔离开关最高运行相电压为基准先后确定隔离开关低压端和高压端的异物闪络临界距离,绘制出隔离开关的异物闪络风险区域,最后采用防治措施对异物闪络风险区域进行遮挡,结果可为变电站防治隔离开关涉鸟故障提供参考,提高电网安全稳定运行的能力。Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention uses static iron wires to simulate a certain moment when foreign matter such as bird droppings and bird's nest materials fall, and carries out a foreign matter flashover simulation test of a disconnector, and changes the length of the iron wire and the horizontal distance from the post insulator to obtain the flashover voltage , based on the highest operating phase voltage of the isolating switch, the critical distance of foreign object flashover at the low-voltage end and high-voltage end of the isolating switch is successively determined, and the foreign object flashover risk area of the isolating switch is drawn, and finally the prevention and control measures are used to block the foreign object flashover risk area. It can provide reference for the prevention and control of bird-related faults of isolating switches in substations, and improve the ability of safe and stable operation of the power grid.

附图说明Description of drawings

为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或传统技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或传统技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the traditional technology. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the present invention For some embodiments of the application, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

图1为本发明的整体流程图。Fig. 1 is the overall flow chart of the present invention.

图2为本发明的隔离开关异物闪络模拟试验布置图。Fig. 2 is a layout diagram of the foreign object flashover simulation test of the isolating switch of the present invention.

图3为本发明的防治措施的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the control measures of the present invention.

图4为本发明的防治措施的安装示意图。Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the preventive measures of the present invention.

图5为本发明实施例的异物闪络风险区域图。Fig. 5 is a diagram of the foreign matter flashover risk area of the embodiment of the present invention.

附图标记说明:21.支柱绝缘子、22.触头、23.绝缘导线、24.绝缘绳、25.挂钩、26.绝缘胶带、27.铁丝、28.DV摄像机、29.绝缘支撑台、31.空心半圆环氧树脂板、32.螺栓孔、41.隔离开关防鸟装置、42.支柱绝缘子上金具、43.支柱绝缘子伞杆、44.支柱绝缘子下金具。Explanation of reference signs: 21. Post insulator, 22. Contact, 23. Insulated wire, 24. Insulated rope, 25. Hook, 26. Insulated tape, 27. Iron wire, 28. DV camera, 29. Insulated support platform, 31 .Hollow semi-circular epoxy resin plate, 32. Bolt holes, 41. Bird-proof device for isolating switch, 42. Upper fittings for post insulators, 43. Umbrella pole for post insulators, 44. Lower fittings for post insulators.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

由于空气击穿时,电子崩发展速度约为1.25×107 cm/s,流柱的发展速度约为7×107~8×107 cm/s,先导的发展速度约为106~107 cm/s。以220 kV隔离开关为例,击穿间隙距离约为36 cm,根据计算击穿时间约为10-6 s左右。设异物自由落体总长为200 cm,在最后1 cm路程中,异物下落的平均速度最快,而此时经过1 cm所需时间为1.84 ms,数量级是击穿过程的100倍以上。故击穿过程中,可认为异物是静止不动的,在潮湿和污秽环境下,鸟粪和鸟巢材料都具有较高的导电性,可视作导体,因此可以用静止铁丝来模拟鸟粪和鸟巢材料等异物下落的某一时刻。因此本发明提出一种隔离开关异物闪络风险区域划定及防治方法,通过使用静止铁丝模拟鸟粪和鸟巢材料等异物下落的某一时刻,开展隔离开关异物闪络模拟试验,确定异物闪络风险区域。When the air breaks down, the development speed of the electron avalanche is about 1.25×10 7 cm/s, the development speed of the stream column is about 7×10 7 ~8×10 7 cm/s, and the development speed of the leader is about 10 6 ~10 7 cm/s. Taking a 220 kV isolating switch as an example, the breakdown gap distance is about 36 cm, and the breakdown time is about 10 -6 s according to calculation. Assuming that the total length of the foreign object in free fall is 200 cm, in the last 1 cm distance, the average falling speed of the foreign object is the fastest, and the time required to pass 1 cm at this time is 1.84 ms, the order of magnitude is more than 100 times that of the breakdown process. Therefore, during the breakdown process, the foreign matter can be considered to be stationary. In a humid and dirty environment, bird droppings and bird nest materials have high conductivity and can be regarded as conductors. Therefore, static iron wires can be used to simulate bird droppings and bird nest materials. A certain moment when a foreign object such as bird's nest material falls. Therefore, the present invention proposes a demarcation and prevention method for the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch. By using a static iron wire to simulate a certain moment when foreign matter such as bird droppings and bird’s nest materials falls, the foreign matter flashover simulation test of the isolating switch is carried out to determine the foreign matter flashover. risk area.

本发明的整体流程和试验布置如图1-图2所示,具体包括:Overall process and test arrangement of the present invention are shown in Figure 1-Figure 2, specifically include:

步骤S1:将隔离开关的支柱绝缘子21洗净后干燥,架设在绝缘支撑台29上,支柱绝缘子上金具42上方配置有触头22,触头22通过绝缘导线23(外设绝缘层的导线)与高压端相连,支柱绝缘子下金具44通过另一根绝缘导线23接地,绝缘绳24通过挂钩25固定在触头22上方。Step S1: Clean and dry the post insulator 21 of the isolating switch, and set it up on the insulating support platform 29. The contact 22 is arranged above the metal fitting 42 on the post insulator, and the contact 22 passes through the insulated wire 23 (the wire with the outer insulation layer) Connected to the high voltage end, the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator is grounded through another insulated wire 23 , and the insulating rope 24 is fixed above the contact 22 through the hook 25 .

步骤S2:将一定长度的直径为3 mm的铁丝27用绝缘胶带26固定在绝缘绳24上竖直下垂,铁丝27与支柱绝缘子21保持一定的水平距离,初始状态下铁丝27上端与支柱绝缘子上金具42下表面齐平。Step S2: fix a certain length of iron wire 27 with a diameter of 3 mm on the insulating rope 24 with insulating tape 26 and hang vertically, and keep a certain horizontal distance between the iron wire 27 and the post insulator 21. The lower surfaces of the fittings 42 are flush.

步骤S3:铁丝27固定好后,采用均匀升压法进行异物闪络模拟试验,第一次快速升压直至发生闪络,记录闪络电压,用DV摄像机28记录闪络过程,若闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值>10%,则保持铁丝27上端与支柱绝缘子上金具42下表面齐平,改变铁丝27长度和与支柱绝缘子21的水平距离重新试验,若闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值≤10%,则再开展4次重复试验,每次先升压至预期闪络电压附近,以后每次按预期闪络电压的10%~20%的速度升压,直至发生闪络,两次试验间隔1~2分钟,而后取误差不超过10%的平均值作为该情况下的闪络电压,若该闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值≤1%,则铁丝27下端与支柱绝缘子下金具上表面之间的距离为隔离开关低压端异物闪络临界距离,否则改变铁丝27长度和与支柱绝缘子21的水平距离重新试验。Step S3: After the iron wire 27 is fixed, the foreign body flashover simulation test is carried out by using the uniform boost method. If the difference with the highest operating phase voltage of the isolating switch is greater than 10%, keep the upper end of the iron wire 27 flush with the lower surface of the upper fitting 42 of the post insulator, change the length of the iron wire 27 and the horizontal distance from the post insulator 21 and re-test, if the flashover voltage If the difference with the highest operating phase voltage of the isolating switch is ≤ 10%, then carry out 4 repeated tests, and each time the voltage is first raised to the vicinity of the expected flashover voltage, and then each time the voltage is increased to 10% to 20% of the expected flashover voltage. Speed up the voltage until flashover occurs. The interval between two tests is 1 to 2 minutes, and then take the average value with an error of no more than 10% as the flashover voltage in this case. If the flashover voltage is the same as the highest operating phase voltage of the isolating switch If the difference is less than or equal to 1%, the distance between the lower end of the iron wire 27 and the upper surface of the lower fitting of the post insulator is the critical distance for the flashover of foreign matter at the low-voltage end of the disconnector. Otherwise, change the length of the iron wire 27 and the horizontal distance from the post insulator 21 to retest.

步骤S4:与步骤S3不同的是:不再保持铁丝27上端与支柱绝缘子上金具42下表面齐平,而保证铁丝27下端与支柱绝缘子下金具44上表面之间的距离等于低压端异物闪络临界距离,改变铁丝27长度和与支柱绝缘子21的水平距离,重复步骤S3中的异物闪络模拟试验确定闪络电压,若闪络电压与隔离开关的最高运行相电压的差值≤1%,则铁丝27上端与支柱绝缘子上金具42下表面之间的距离为隔离开关高压端异物闪络临界距离。Step S4: The difference from step S3 is that the upper end of the iron wire 27 is no longer kept flush with the lower surface of the upper fitting 42 of the post insulator, but the distance between the lower end of the iron wire 27 and the upper surface of the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator is equal to the flashover of foreign matter at the low-voltage end Critical distance, change the length of the iron wire 27 and the horizontal distance from the post insulator 21, repeat the foreign body flashover simulation test in step S3 to determine the flashover voltage, if the difference between the flashover voltage and the highest operating phase voltage of the disconnector is ≤1%, Then the distance between the upper end of the iron wire 27 and the lower surface of the upper fitting 42 of the post insulator is the critical distance for the flashover of foreign matter at the high voltage end of the disconnector.

步骤S5:分别以隔离开关高压端异物闪络临界距离和隔离开关低压端异物闪络临界距离为半径,绘制出支柱绝缘子高压端和低压端的异物闪络风险区域,当模拟异物两端分别处在高压端和低压端的异物闪络风险区域时,支柱绝缘子21附近间隙必会发生击穿导致闪络,异物闪络风险区域间的最短距离为临界异物长度。Step S5: Taking the foreign object flashover critical distance at the high voltage end of the disconnector and the foreign object flashover critical distance at the low voltage end of the isolating switch as the radius, draw the foreign object flashover risk areas at the high voltage end and low voltage end of the post insulator. In the foreign object flashover risk area of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end, the gap near the post insulator 21 must be broken down to cause flashover, and the shortest distance between the foreign object flashover risk areas is the critical foreign object length.

步骤S6:根据异物闪络风险区域大小和支柱绝缘子21尺寸确定隔离开关防鸟装置41的尺寸。Step S6: Determine the size of the bird-proof device 41 for the isolating switch according to the size of the foreign body flashover risk area and the size of the post insulator 21 .

所述异物闪络风险区域对于220 kV及以上的由多个支柱绝缘子21组成的隔离开关,还包括令单节或多节支柱绝缘子闪络的区域,需要从上到下分别进行单节和多节支柱绝缘子的异物闪络模拟试验。The foreign object flashover risk area is for the isolating switch composed of multiple post insulators 21 of 220 kV and above, and also includes the flashover area of single-section or multi-section post insulators. Simulation test of foreign body flashover of post insulators.

所述隔离开关防鸟装置41,如图3-图4所示,通过阻挡异物与支柱绝缘子金具之间的间隙实现对异物闪络故障的防治,包括两块空心半圆环氧树脂板31,空心半圆环氧树脂板31内半径为支柱绝缘子伞杆43半径,外半径为支柱绝缘子高压端异物闪络风险区域加上支柱绝缘子上金具42半径,通过螺栓连接两块空心半圆环氧树脂板31的螺栓孔32固定在支柱绝缘子下金具44上方。The anti-bird device 41 of the isolating switch, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 4, realizes the prevention and control of foreign matter flashover faults by blocking the gap between the foreign matter and the post insulator fittings, including two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates 31, hollow The inner radius of the semicircular epoxy resin plate 31 is the radius of the umbrella pole 43 of the pillar insulator, and the outer radius is the risk area of foreign matter flashover at the high voltage end of the pillar insulator plus the radius of 42 of the metal fittings on the pillar insulator. Two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates 31 are connected by bolts. The bolt hole 32 is fixed above the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator.

该隔离开关防鸟装置41采用环氧树脂绝缘材料,确保在安装后不会减小隔离开关相间的绝缘距离,隔离开关防鸟装置41安装在支柱绝缘子下金具44上,遮挡范围为高压端异物闪络风险区域,这样可以保证当异物上端位于高压端异物闪络风险区域时,即使异物下端位于低压端异物闪络风险区域,但异物与支柱绝缘子下金具44之间的空气间隙被隔离开关防鸟装置41阻挡了,无法构成闪络通道,实现对异物闪络故障的防治,除此以外将隔离开关防鸟装置41安装在支柱绝缘子21下方可以避免支柱绝缘子出现无法受到雨水冲洗,积累大量污秽的隐患情况,保障设备运行安全。The anti-bird device 41 of the isolating switch is made of epoxy resin insulating material to ensure that the insulation distance between the phases of the isolating switch will not be reduced after installation. The anti-bird device 41 of the isolating switch is installed on the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator, and the shielding range is foreign objects at the high-voltage end In this way, it can be ensured that when the upper end of the foreign object is located in the risk area of foreign object flashover at the high voltage end, even if the lower end of the foreign object is located in the area of risk of foreign object flashover at the low voltage end, the air gap between the foreign object and the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator is protected by the isolating switch. The bird device 41 is blocked, and the flashover channel cannot be formed, and the prevention and control of the foreign object flashover fault is realized. In addition, the anti-bird device 41 of the isolating switch is installed under the post insulator 21 to prevent the post insulator from being washed by rainwater and accumulating a large amount of pollution. hidden dangers to ensure the safety of equipment operation.

本发明提供的一个具体实施例如图5所示,为某型号隔离开关的支柱绝缘子的异物闪络风险区域图,其中区域1和区域2是导致隔离开关的整个支柱绝缘子闪络的异物闪络风险区域,区域3和区域4为导致隔离开关上节支柱绝缘子闪络的异物闪络风险区域;根据试验得出区域1离支柱绝缘子上金具42的距离为266 mm,区域2离支柱绝缘子下金具44的距离为349 mm,区域3离支柱绝缘子上金具42的距离为204 mm,区域4离支柱绝缘子中间金具的距离为279 mm。A specific embodiment provided by the present invention is shown in Fig. 5, which is a diagram of the foreign object flashover risk area of the post insulator of a certain type of disconnector, in which area 1 and area 2 are the risk of foreign object flashover that causes the entire post insulator of the disconnector to flashover Areas, area 3 and area 4 are the foreign body flashover risk areas that cause the flashover of the upper post insulator of the disconnector; according to the test, the distance between area 1 and the upper fitting 42 of the post insulator is 266 mm, and the distance between area 2 and the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator The distance between area 3 and the upper fitting 42 of the post insulator is 204 mm, and the distance between area 4 and the middle fitting of the post insulator is 279 mm.

然后确定相应的隔离开关防鸟装置41尺寸,支柱绝缘子伞杆43半径为65 mm,支柱绝缘子上金具42半径为90 mm,因此隔离开关防鸟装置41内径r=65 mm,若只防止上半支柱绝缘子21闪络,隔离开关防鸟装置41外径R=204+90=294 mm;若防止整个支柱绝缘子21闪络,隔离开关防鸟装置41外径R=266+90=356 mm,最后将隔离开关防鸟装置41固定在支柱绝缘子下金具44上方。Then determine the size of the corresponding bird-proof device 41 of the isolating switch. The radius of the post insulator umbrella pole 43 is 65 mm, and the radius of the metal fitting 42 on the post insulator is 90 mm. Therefore, the inner diameter of the bird-proof device 41 of the isolating switch is r=65 mm. If only the upper half The post insulator 21 flashover, the outer diameter R=204+90=294 mm of the anti-bird device 41 of the isolation switch; if the flashover of the entire post insulator 21 is prevented, the outer diameter R=266+90=356 mm of the anti-bird device 41 of the isolation switch, finally Fix the bird-proof device 41 of the isolating switch above the lower fitting 44 of the post insulator.

最后应说明的是:以上所述仅为本发明的优选实例而已,并不用于限制本发明,尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it can still The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments are modified, or some of the technical features are equivalently replaced. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A method for defining and preventing a foreign body flashover risk area of an isolating switch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a pillar insulator of the isolating switch is erected on the insulating support table, a contact is arranged above a hardware fitting on the pillar insulator, the contact is electrically connected with a high-voltage end, and a hardware fitting below the pillar insulator is grounded;
under the condition that the upper end of the simulated foreign matter is flush with the lower surface of the upper hardware fitting of the post insulator, a foreign matter flashover simulation test is carried out under the condition that the length of the simulated foreign matter and the horizontal distance between the simulated foreign matter and the post insulator are changed, flashover voltage is recorded, and when the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest running phase voltage of the isolating switch is not more than a set percentage, the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign matter and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator is the critical distance of foreign matter flashover at the low-voltage end of the isolating switch; enabling the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign body and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator to be equal to the critical flashover distance of the foreign body at the low-voltage end, changing the length of the simulated foreign body and the horizontal distance between the simulated foreign body and the post insulator, carrying out a foreign body flashover simulation test to determine a flashover voltage, and if the difference value between the flashover voltage and the highest operation phase voltage of the isolating switch is not more than a set percentage, enabling the distance between the upper end of the simulated foreign body and the lower surface of the upper hardware fitting of the post insulator to be equal to the critical flashover distance of the foreign body at the high-voltage end of the isolating switch;
respectively drawing foreign matter flashover risk areas of a high-voltage end and a low-voltage end of a post insulator by taking a foreign matter flashover critical distance of the high-voltage end of the isolating switch and a foreign matter flashover critical distance of the low-voltage end of the isolating switch as radiuses, wherein when the foreign matter flashover risk areas of the high-voltage end and the low-voltage end of the isolating switch are respectively simulated at two ends of a foreign matter, a gap near the post insulator is bound to be punctured to cause flashover, and the shortest distance between the foreign matter flashover risk areas is the critical foreign matter length;
and determining the size of the anti-bird device of the disconnecting switch according to the size of the foreign matter flashover risk area and the size of the post insulator.
2. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the simulated foreign bodies are iron wires.
3. The method for defining and preventing the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the insulating rope is fixed above the contact through the hook, and the iron wire is fixed on the insulating rope by the insulating adhesive tape and vertically droops.
4. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the foreign matter flashover simulation test comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of adopting an even boosting method to test, rapidly boosting for the first time until flashover occurs, recording flashover voltage, recording a flashover process by using a camera, if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest operation phase voltage of an isolating switch is larger than a set percentage, keeping the upper end of a simulated foreign body flush with the lower surface of an upper hardware fitting of a post insulator or enabling the distance between the lower end of the simulated foreign body and the upper surface of the lower hardware fitting of the post insulator to be equal to the flashover critical distance of the foreign body at a low-voltage end, changing the length of the simulated foreign body and the horizontal distance with the post insulator to test again, if the difference value of the flashover voltage and the highest operation phase voltage of the isolating switch is not larger than the set percentage, carrying out repeated tests for many times again, and taking the average value of the flashover voltage.
5. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: for an isolating switch consisting of a plurality of post insulators, the foreign matter flashover risk area also comprises an area for single-section or multi-section post insulators to flashover, and foreign matter flashover simulation tests of the single-section and multi-section post insulators are needed to be respectively carried out from top to bottom.
6. The method for defining and preventing the foreign body flashover risk area of the disconnecting switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the anti-bird device of the isolating switch realizes the prevention and the treatment of the flashover fault of the foreign matter by blocking the gap between the foreign matter and the post insulator hardware fitting.
7. The method for defining and preventing the foreign matter flashover risk area of the isolating switch according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the anti-bird device of the isolating switch comprises two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates, the inner radius of each hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate is the radius of an umbrella rod of the post insulator, the outer radius of each hollow semicircular epoxy resin plate is the radius of a hardware fitting on the post insulator in addition to a foreign matter flashover risk area at the high-voltage end of the post insulator, and bolt holes for connecting the two hollow semicircular epoxy resin plates through bolts are fixed above the hardware fitting under the post insulator.
CN202310168380.9A 2023-02-27 2023-02-27 Delineation and prevention method of foreign object flashover risk area of a disconnector Pending CN115856555A (en)

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