CN115852257A - Heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000967 As alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the yield strength of the seamless steel tube at room temperature is not less than 415Mpa, the tensile strength is not less than 585Mpa, the elongation is not less than 20%, the 0 ℃ impact energy is not less than 54J, the hardness range is 210-250HBW, the yield strength at the high-temperature stretching of 525 ℃ is not less than 288Mpa, the tensile strength is not less than 373Mpa, and the duration of the endurance strength is not less than 3000 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃ and the endurance strength of 266 Mpa. The heat-resistant steel seamless pipe has high-temperature resistance, high toughness, creep resistance and excellent low-temperature toughness, and can be used for a main steam pipeline of a fourth-generation nuclear power station nuclear island.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seamless steel pipes, in particular to a heat-resistant steel seamless steel pipe for nuclear power and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
With the development of nuclear power technology in China, the fourth generation nuclear power technology is a brand-new way internationally, and the fourth generation nuclear power technology has the main characteristics of better safety, better economy, less nuclear waste and capability of effectively preventing nuclear diffusion. Therefore, very high requirements are put forward on nuclear technology and nuclear equipment, for example, the main steam pipeline is under the action of high temperature of 525 ℃ and thermal cycle load for a long time, and very high technical index requirements are put forward on key materials, so that the development of the key nuclear materials meeting the requirements of the fourth-generation advanced nuclear power station becomes a core problem which needs to be solved urgently in the nuclear energy of the world nowadays.
A main steam pipeline of a nuclear island of a fourth-generation nuclear power station conveys high-speed and large-flow high-pressure steam, and the pipeline is required to have good high-temperature resistance, toughness and creep resistance and excellent low-temperature toughness so as to meet the requirements of the fourth-generation nuclear power station on material safety and reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to meet the requirements of the safety and reliability of main steam pipeline materials of a nuclear island of a fourth-generation nuclear power station, and provides a heat-resistant steel seamless steel pipe for nuclear power, which has good high-temperature strength and toughness, lasting creep property and excellent low-temperature toughness, and has very high dimensional precision so as to meet the technical requirements and use requirements of the nuclear power station.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power is as follows:
a heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.08 to 0.12%, si:0.20 to 0.40%, mn:0.30 to 0.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, cr:8.50 to 9.50%, mo:0.90 to 1.05%, V:0.18 to 0.25%, N:0.035 to 0.065%, nb:0.06 to 0.10%, ni:0.14 to 0.18%, al: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, zr: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, sn: less than or equal to 0.004%, as: less than or equal to 0.009%, sb: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, pb: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, bi: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, more than 0.12 percent of C + N, more than 4 percent of N/Al in mass ratio and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the chemical components of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power are, by mass, as + Sn + Sb + Pb not more than 0.015%.
Further, the yield strength of the seamless steel tube at room temperature is not less than 415Mpa, the tensile strength is not less than 585Mpa, the elongation is not less than 20%, the impact energy at 0 ℃ is not less than 54J, the hardness range is 210-250HBW, the yield strength is not less than 288Mpa and the tensile strength is not less than 373Mpa under high-temperature stretching at 525 ℃, and the duration of the permanent strength is not less than 3000 hours at 500 ℃ and 266 Mpa.
The invention also provides a preparation method of any one of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tubes for nuclear power, which comprises the following steps:
smelting the raw material of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power, accurately controlling the chemical component range of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power, and continuously casting the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube into a round tube blank;
heating the round tube blank, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1210-1240 ℃;
perforating the heated round tube blank by using a conical roller perforating machine to form a tubular billet, wherein the temperature of the round tube blank is controlled to be 1200-1220 ℃ during perforation;
carrying out uniform wall expanding rolling on the hollow billet by using a two-roller leveling machine to form a pierced billet, wherein the temperature of the hollow billet is controlled to be 1120-1150 ℃ during rolling;
sizing the pierced billet by using a five-frame sizing mill;
and (2) carrying out normalizing heat treatment and tempering heat treatment on the pierced billets after sizing, wherein the temperature of the normalizing heat treatment is controlled to be 1040-1060 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-1.5 minutes per 1mm wall thickness, the total heat preservation time is not less than 30 minutes, the pierced billets are taken out of the furnace and blown to be rapidly cooled to be below 93 ℃ after the heat preservation is finished, tempering is carried out, the temperature of the tempering heat treatment is controlled to be 760-780 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 minutes per 1mm wall thickness, the total heat preservation time is not less than 90 minutes, the pierced billets are taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and are air-cooled to be below 600 ℃, and the pierced billets are straightened with the temperature.
Preferably, the raw materials of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power are smelted by adopting a smelting process of an EAF electric furnace, LF refining and RH vacuum treatment.
Preferably, the circular tube blank is heated using an annular heating furnace.
Preferably, a car bottom type LPG heat treatment furnace is adopted to carry out heat treatment on the pierced billet after sizing. .
The invention also provides an application of any one of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tubes for nuclear power, and the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power is used for a main steam pipeline of a nuclear island of a nuclear power station.
According to the invention, through adopting the smelting process of an EAF electric furnace, LF refining and RH vacuum treatment, the range of Cr and Mo alloy elements is accurately controlled, the addition of V, nb, N and Ni micro-alloys is strictly controlled, and the optimal setting of the process technological parameters of perforation, rolling, heat treatment and the like is also strictly controlled, so that the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power has the advantages of more refined crystal grains, good room-temperature mechanical property, good low-temperature impact property, high-temperature tensile property at 525 ℃ and durable creep property, and the application requirement of a main steam pipeline of a nuclear island of the fourth generation nuclear power is met.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the purpose and function of the present invention, the following will further describe a nuclear heat resistant steel seamless steel pipe and a manufacturing method thereof with reference to specific embodiments.
The heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.08 to 0.12%, si:0.20 to 0.40%, mn:0.30 to 0.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, cr:8.50 to 9.50%, mo:0.90 to 1.05%, V:0.18 to 0.25%, N:0.035 to 0.065%, nb:0.06 to 0.10%, ni:0.14 to 0.18%, al: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, zr: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, sn: less than or equal to 0.004%, as: less than or equal to 0.009%, sb: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, pb: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, bi: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, more than 0.12 percent of C + N and more than 4 percent of N/Al, wherein the mass ratio of the N element to the Al element is more than 4 percent of N/Al, and the balance is the raw material of Fe.
Important elements in chemical components of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power are selected and analyzed, cr is an alloy element for resisting high-temperature oxygen corrosion and improving heat strength, when the Cr content is too low, the heat corrosion resistance and the oxidation resistance of the steel are insufficient, and when the Cr content is too high, delta-Fe can be caused to appear, so that the lasting strength and the toughness of the steel are damaged, the Cr content is controlled to be 8.50-9.50%, and meanwhile, mo element is added to increase the solid solution strengthening effect; strengthening elements such as V, nb and N are further added to form dispersion strengthening of the composite phase, so that the heat strength of the steel is greatly improved; a small amount of Ni microalloy elements are further added for alloying treatment to form precipitation strengthening, the small amount of Ni can improve the high-temperature steam corrosion resistance of the pipeline, but the high-temperature durability can be reduced when the high-temperature steam corrosion resistance exceeds a certain range; ti, al, zr and other elements are taken as alloy materials in steel making molten steel, can be brought unavoidably, the upper limit of the alloy materials is controlled, and the precipitation quantity of the alloy compounds is ensured to avoid deteriorating the material performance; the C + N is controlled to be more than 0.12 percent, so that the quantity and the density of precipitated phase carbonitride are ensured, and the high-temperature creep strength is improved; controlling N/Al to be more than 4, ensuring the content of N in the refining process, being beneficial to the precipitation quantity and density of nitrides with high strength and stability, and improving the high-temperature creep strength.
The chemical components for manufacturing the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power are as follows by mass percent: c:0.08 to 0.12%, si:0.20 to 0.40%, mn:0.30 to 0.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, cr:8.50 to 9.50%, mo:0.90 to 1.05%, V:0.18 to 0.25%, N:0.035 to 0.065%, nb:0.06 to 0.10%, ni:0.14 to 0.18%, al: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, zr: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, sn: less than or equal to 0.004%, as: less than or equal to 0.009%, sb: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, pb: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, bi: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, O: the raw material formula of less than or equal to 0.003 percent, more than 0.12 percent of C + N, more than 4 percent of N/Al and the balance of Fe is prepared, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized in that a heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube raw material for nuclear power is smelted through a smelting process of EAF electric furnace, LF refining and RH vacuum treatment, the chemical composition range is accurately controlled, the raw material is continuously cast into a round tube blank, and in the continuous casting process, the continuous casting is strictly carried out according to the operation specification, so that the chemical composition and the grain structure of the steel are uniform, the steel quality is pure, and the performance of the steel tube is ensured.
Heating the round pipe blank by using an annular heating furnace, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1210-1240 ℃;
after heating, piercing the round tube blank by using a conical roller piercer to form a hollow billet, wherein the temperature of the steel tube is controlled to be 1200-1220 ℃ during piercing;
carrying out wall equalizing and diameter expanding rolling on the hollow billet by using a two-roller leveling machine to form a pierced billet, wherein the temperature of the steel pipe is controlled to be 1120-1150 ℃ during rolling; the uniform rolling has large contact area and uniform deformation, the spiral paths on the inner surface and the outer surface caused by the diameter expansion of the skew rolling are eliminated to the maximum extent, the uniformity of the wall thickness of the steel pipe is improved, and the steel pipe with excellent size and performance is obtained;
sizing the pierced billet by using a five-frame sizing mill;
the contact area of the uniform rolling is large, the deformation is uniform, the spiral paths on the inner surface and the outer surface caused by the diameter expansion of the skew rolling are eliminated to the maximum extent, the uniformity of the wall thickness of the steel pipe is improved, and the steel pipe with excellent size and performance is obtained.
Normalizing heat treatment and tempering heat treatment are carried out on the pierced billet subjected to sizing by adopting a vehicle bottom type LPG heat treatment furnace, the temperature of the normalizing heat treatment is controlled to be 1040-1060 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-1.5 minutes per 1mm wall thickness, the total heat preservation time is not less than 30 minutes, the pierced billet is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished and is quickly cooled to be below 93 ℃, tempering is carried out, the temperature of the tempering heat treatment is controlled to be 760-780 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 minutes per 1mm wall thickness, the total heat preservation time is not less than 90 minutes, the pierced billet is taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, is air-cooled to be below 600 ℃, and is straightened with temperature.
The components and the performance of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power prepared according to the invention are detected as follows:
example 1: the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.09%, si:0.29%, mn:0.42%, P:0.015%, S:0.002%, cr:8.61, mo:0.92%, V:0.20%, N:0.046%, nb:0.07%, ni:0.16%, al:0.007%, ti:0.001%, zr:0.001%, cu:0.04%, sn:0.003%, as:0.006%, sb:0.002%, pb:0.001%, bi:0.004%, H:0.00008%, O:0.002%, C + N =0.136%, and the balance Fe, wherein the relative proportion of the mass ratio of the N element to the Al element is N/Al =6.57, as + Sn + Sb + Pb =0.012%.
Example 2: the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.09%, si:0.29%, mn:0.43%, P:0.011%, S:0.002%, cr:8.65%, mo:0.93%, V:0.20%, N:0.047%, nb:0.07%, ni:0.16%, al:0.009%, ti:0.001%, zr:0.002%, cu:0.04%, sn:0.004%, as:0.005%, sb:0.002%, pb:0.001%, bi:0.005%, H:0.00007%, O:0.0018%, C + N =0.137%, and the balance Fe, wherein the relative proportion of the mass ratio of the N element to the Al element is N/Al =5.22, as + Sn + Sb + Pb =0.012%.
Example 3: the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.09%, si:0.29%, mn:0.43%, P:0.012%, S:0.002%, cr:8.81, mo:0.94%, V:0.20%, N:0.049%, nb:0.07%, ni:0.16%, al:0.008%, ti:0.001%, zr:0.001%, cu:0.03%, sn:0.004%, as:0.005%, sb:0.001%, pb:0.001%, bi:0.004%, H:0.00009%, O:0.0018%, C + N =0.139%, and the balance Fe, wherein the relative proportion of the mass ratio of the N element to the Al element is N/Al =6.13, as + Sn + Sb + Pb =0.011%.
Tensile properties of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power in examples 1 to 3 at room temperature and high temperature were measured as follows:
the impact properties at low temperature and the hardness at room temperature of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power in the embodiment 1-3 are detected as follows:
the detection data show that the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power has uniform chemical components and stable performance, has very good low-temperature impact toughness on the basis of ensuring high-temperature performance, and meets the set standards that the yield strength is not less than 415MPa, the tensile strength is not less than 585MPa, the elongation is not less than 20%, the 0-DEG C impact energy is not less than 54J, the hardness range is 210-250HBW, the yield strength is not less than 288MPa under 525 ℃ high-temperature stretching, and the tensile strength is not less than 373MPa, the sample of the embodiment 1 is selected to be used for 500 ℃ and 266MPa lasting strength tests, the experimental life duration is 11014.79 hours, the design specification requirements of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for large nuclear power plants are completely met, and the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power plants can be suitable for nuclear island main steam pipelines of fourth-generation nuclear power plants.
According to the invention, by adopting the smelting process of an EAF electric furnace, LF refining and RH vacuum treatment, the range of Cr and Mo alloy elements is accurately controlled, the addition of V, nb, N and Ni micro-alloys is strictly controlled, and the optimized setting of process parameters such as perforation, rolling, heat treatment and the like is realized, so that the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power is more refined in crystal grain, has good room-temperature mechanical property, low-temperature impact property, 525 ℃ high-temperature tensile property and lasting creep property, and meets the application requirement of a main steam pipeline of a fourth-generation nuclear power nuclear island.
It is to be understood that the present invention has been described with reference to certain embodiments, and that various changes in the features and embodiments, or equivalent substitutions may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power is characterized by comprising the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.08 to 0.12%, si:0.20 to 0.40%, mn:0.30 to 0.50%, P: less than or equal to 0.015%, S: less than or equal to 0.005 percent, cr:8.50 to 9.50%, mo:0.90 to 1.05%, V:0.18 to 0.25%, N:0.035 to 0.065%, nb:0.06 to 0.10%, ni:0.14 to 0.18%, al: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, ti: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, zr: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, cu: less than or equal to 0.10 percent, sn: less than or equal to 0.004%, as: less than or equal to 0.009%, sb: less than or equal to 0.003 percent, pb: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, bi: less than or equal to 0.008 percent, H: less than or equal to 0.0002 percent, O: less than or equal to 0.003 percent and more than 0.12 percent of C + N, wherein the mass ratio of the N element to the Al element is N/Al more than 4, and the balance is Fe and other unavoidable impurities.
2. The heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power As claimed in claim 1, wherein As + Sn + Sb + Pb is 0.015% or less.
3. The heat-resistant steel seamless steel pipe for nuclear power as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it has a yield strength at room temperature of not less than 415Mpa, a tensile strength of not less than 585Mpa, an elongation of not less than 20%, a 0 ℃ ballistic work of not less than 54J, a hardness range of 210 to 250hbw, a yield strength at 525 ℃ of not less than 288Mpa, a tensile strength of not less than 373Mpa, and a duration of the permanent strength of not less than 3000 hours at 500 ℃,266 Mpa.
4. The method for manufacturing the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
smelting the raw material of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power, accurately controlling the chemical component range of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube, and continuously casting the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube into a round tube blank;
heating the round tube blank, wherein the heating temperature is controlled to be 1210-1240 ℃;
perforating the heated round tube blank by using a conical roller perforating machine to form a hollow billet, wherein the temperature of the round tube blank is controlled to be 1200-1220 ℃ during perforation;
carrying out uniform wall expanding rolling on the hollow billet by using a two-roller homogenizer to form a hollow billet, wherein the temperature of the hollow billet is controlled to be 1120-1150 ℃ during rolling;
sizing the pierced billet by using a five-frame sizing mill;
normalizing heat treatment and tempering heat treatment are carried out on the pierced billets after sizing, the temperature of the normalizing heat treatment is controlled to be 1040-1060 ℃, the heat preservation time is 1-1.5 minutes per 1mm wall thickness, the total heat preservation time is not less than 30 minutes, the pierced billets are taken out of a furnace and are rapidly cooled to be below 93 ℃ after the heat preservation is finished, tempering is carried out, the temperature of the tempering heat treatment is controlled to be 760-780 ℃, the heat preservation time is 3-4 minutes per 1mm wall thickness, the total heat preservation time is not less than 90 minutes, the pierced billets are taken out of the furnace after the heat preservation is finished, and are air-cooled to be below 600 ℃, and the pierced billets are straightened with temperature.
5. The manufacturing method of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the raw material of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power is smelted by adopting smelting processes of an EAF electric furnace, LF refining and RH vacuum treatment.
6. The manufacturing method of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that the circular tube blank is heated using an annular heating furnace.
7. The method for manufacturing the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power as claimed in claim 4, wherein the sized pierced billet is subjected to heat treatment by using a car bottom type LPG heat treatment furnace.
8. The use of the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the heat-resistant steel seamless steel tube for nuclear power is used for a main steam pipeline of a nuclear island of a nuclear power plant.
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