CN115849864A - Ceramic slurry and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic slurry and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115849864A CN115849864A CN202211647614.XA CN202211647614A CN115849864A CN 115849864 A CN115849864 A CN 115849864A CN 202211647614 A CN202211647614 A CN 202211647614A CN 115849864 A CN115849864 A CN 115849864A
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052675 erionite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses ceramic slurry and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation raw materials comprise: mullite, calcined kaolin, pyrophyllite, water-washed black mud, ball clay and high-strength porcelain clay. The ceramic slurry provided by the invention has the advantages that the shrinkage rate and the deformation degree of a finished product after high-temperature sintering are smaller than those of common slurry, the pores on the glaze surface of the product are fewer, the texture is fine and smooth, and the production efficiency and the qualification rate of large-size products prepared from the ceramic slurry are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to ceramic slurry and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In the production process of ceramic preparation, a blank body is formed by adopting a slip casting mode, ceramic powder is prepared into slurry with fluidity based on the physical characteristic that a porous gypsum mold can absorb water, then the slurry is injected into the porous gypsum mold, a uniform mud layer with a certain thickness is formed after the water is absorbed by the gypsum mold, and the blank body with a certain strength is formed in the dehydration and drying process. With the advance of diversification of products, the market has more and more requirements on ceramic products with larger size, more delicate appearance design, large size, ultra-thin edge and artistic modeling, and the FFC (Fine Fire Clay) made of pure refractory earth has the characteristics of high concentration and difficult warping and deformation in the firing process, so that the ceramic FFC slurry is widely applied to the manufacturing of modern ceramic building sanitation. However, the existing FFC slurry has the problems of large shrinkage and deformation of finished products, low strength of formed blanks, low adaptability of the slurry to glaze and the like, so that the structural shape of large-size ceramic products appearing at market ends generally has obvious deformation or concave-convex, the structural design of ultrathin edges is relatively less, and the appearance is relatively single.
Therefore, it is urgent to develop a ceramic slurry having a low shrinkage and a high strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the prior art. Therefore, the shrinkage rate and the deformation degree of the finished product of the ceramic slurry after high-temperature sintering are smaller than those of common slurry, the glazed surface of the product has fewer pores and fine texture, and the production efficiency and the qualification rate of large-size products prepared from the ceramic slurry are greatly improved.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method of preparing a ceramic slurry.
In a third aspect of the invention, a sanitary ceramic product is provided, and the raw material for preparing the sanitary ceramic product comprises the ceramic slurry.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, a ceramic slurry is prepared by: mullite, calcined kaolin, pyrophyllite, water-washed black mud, ball clay and high-strength porcelain clay.
Embodiments of the first aspect of the invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the finished product of the conventional ceramic FFC slurry has large shrinkage rate and deformation (the general shrinkage is 10-12 percent), so that the edge of a ceramic product with an ultrathin edge or a large size deforms, and the design and development of the product with a large size or a structural ultrathin edge are limited; the mullite, the calcined kaolin and the pyrophyllite in the preparation raw materials are calcined materials, so that the shrinkage performance of the product cannot be influenced in the subsequent sintering process, the shrinkage rate of a large-size (the length is more than or equal to 800 mm) ceramic product can be controlled, and the large-size and ultrathin-edge product can be prepared.
2. The strength of a finished blank of the conventional ceramic FFC slurry is mostly lower than 4Mpa, so that the yield rate of a formed semi-finished product is low, and the washed black mud, ball clay, high-strength porcelain clay, black mud and the like in the formula belong to plastic clay, and have high performance strength, so that the strength of the blank of the product is protected, and the yield of the formed semi-finished product of the ceramic slurry is improved.
3. The adaptability of the existing ceramic FFC slurry to glaze is not high; the ceramic slurry of the invention is prepared by adding mullite, quartz, dolomite, calcined kaolin, pyrophyllite, calcined talc and other components into the raw materials and utilizing the performance of the raw materials with small self-expansion performance, thereby achieving the effect of good adaptability of the ceramic glaze without separately preparing the glaze.
4. The existing ceramic FFC slurry is greatly influenced by the change of firing temperature, the firing temperature is about 1170-1240 ℃, the unit energy consumption caused by long firing time (usually 14-20 h) and the like, and the mullite, the calcined kaolin and the calcined talc are calcined raw materials, and high-temperature firing is not needed in the whole green body firing process, so that the firing temperature and the firing time of a ligand are effectively reduced, the green body shrinkage problem is well solved, meanwhile, the conversion at different firing temperatures can be realized, the temperature variability is strong, the production rhythm of low-temperature quick firing can be adapted, the unit energy consumption of products is greatly reduced, and the firing temperature is 1180-1200 ℃, and the products are obtained by firing for 14 h.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ceramic slurry preparation feedstock further comprises: washed mud, quartz, dolomite, washed white mud, san diego stone, black mud and burnt talc.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the mullite is 10 to 12 parts, the calcined kaolin is 10 to 12 parts, the pyrophyllite is 5 to 7 parts, the water-washed black mud is 5 to 7 parts, the ball clay is 15 to 18 parts, and the high-strength china clay is 5 to 7 parts by weight.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mullite is 10 to 12 parts, the calcined kaolin is 10 to 12 parts, the pyrophyllite is 5 to 7 parts, the washed black clay is 5 to 7 parts, the ball clay is 15 to 18 parts, the high strength china clay is 5 to 7 parts, the washed clay is 4 to 6 parts, the quartz is 20 to 22 parts, the dolomite is 2 to 4 parts, the washed white clay is 9 to 12 parts, the erionite is 5 to 7 parts, the black clay is 5 to 7 parts, and the burnt talc is 1 to 2 parts by weight.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the washing sludge comprises chemical washing sludge.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the washed white mud comprises Guangxi washed white mud.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ball comprises a VC ball in the uk.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the black mud comprises huidong black mud.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ceramic slurry comprises, in parts by weight: chemical components: siO 2 2 56.5 to 63.0 portions of Al 2 O 3 23.0 to 32.0 portions of Fe 2 O 3 0.8 to 1.1 portions of TiO 2 0.6 to 1.4 portions of CaO, 0.1 to 0.8 portion of CaO, 0.2 to 0.8 portion of MgO, and K 2 0.9 to 2.0 portions of O and Na 2 0.1 to 0.4 portion of O.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the ceramic slurry has a specific gravity of 1.8 to 1.9g/cm 3 。
According to some embodiments of the invention, the flow rate of the ceramic slurry is 25 to 40s.
The ceramic slurry has high specific gravity, less water and good fluidity and can be perfectly combined with a mould.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the preparation method comprises: mixing the preparation raw materials of the ceramic slurry.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing comprises: mixing the washed mud, the mullite, the quartz, the dolomite, the san Diego stone, the ball clay, the calcined kaolin, the pyrophyllite, and the burnt talc, and then adding the washed black mud, the washed white mud, the high strength china clay, and the black mud.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of mixing comprises ball milling.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method of preparing comprises:
s1: adding the washing mud, the mullite, the quartz, the dolomite, the san diego stone, the ball clay, the calcined kaolin, the pyrophyllite, and the calcined talc to a ball mill, and adding water to perform primary ball milling;
s2: and adding the washed black mud, the washed white mud, the high-strength porcelain clay and the black mud into the ceramic slurry subjected to primary ball milling, and performing secondary ball milling to obtain the ceramic slurry.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the time of the primary ball milling is 6 to 8 hours.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the time of the secondary ball milling is 1 to 2 hours.
According to some embodiments of the invention, obtaining the ceramic slurry further comprises removing iron from the ceramic slurry, sieving, aging, and then performing slip casting to obtain an FFC blank semi-finished product.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the sieving comprises sieving through a 100 mesh sieve.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the staling time is 7 to 15 days.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises glazing the FFC blank after drying the FFC blank semi-finished product to obtain a glazed FFC blank.
According to some embodiments of the invention, firing the glazed FFC blank to obtain a finished FFC ceramic product.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the firing time is 1180 to 1200 ℃.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the firing time is 13 to 15 hours.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the FFC ceramic finished product has a shrinkage of 4.5 to 6.5%.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the FFC ceramic finished product has a strength of 60 to 75MPa.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the finished FFC ceramic product has a bow of 6 to 15mm.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the brightness of the FFC ceramic finished product is 55-70.
The shrinkage deformation of the product is reduced by utilizing the matching among the components, and the shrinkage of the FFC ceramic finished product in the firing process is reduced, so that the deformation of the FFC ceramic finished product is reduced; the FFC ceramic finished product has higher strength in the whole forming and firing process, reduces the cracking of a blank body in the process, and meets the application of larger specification and more design specification.
According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the invention, there is provided a use of the ceramic slurry in sanitary ceramics.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a product prepared from the ceramic slurry of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The concept and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, and all embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention. The test methods used in the examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the materials, reagents and the like used are commercially available reagents and materials unless otherwise specified. If not specifically stated, the same ingredients of each example and comparative example were purchased from the same manufacturer and the same batch; the corresponding parameters were the same as in example 1 unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
Example 1
This example provides a ceramic slurry, the contents of the raw materials for preparation are shown in Table 1. The product produced from the ceramic slurry of example 1 of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of ceramic slurry, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: adding the washing mud, mullite, quartz, dolomite, san diego stone, ball clay, calcined kaolin, pyrophyllite and calcined talc into a ball mill, adding water, and carrying out primary ball milling for 7 hours to obtain ceramic slurry after primary ball milling;
a2: and adding the washed black mud, the washed white mud, the high-strength porcelain clay and the black mud into the ceramic slurry subjected to primary ball milling, and performing secondary ball milling for 2 hours to obtain the ceramic slurry.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of an FFC ceramic finished product, which specifically comprises the following steps:
a1: carrying out iron removal, sieving (100 meshes), ageing (7 days) and the like on the ceramic slurry in the embodiment 2, and then conveying the ceramic slurry to a forming procedure through a pipeline for slip casting to obtain a FFC blank semi-finished product;
a2: the FFC blank semi-finished product is dried (a drying room) and then glazed to obtain a glazed FFC blank;
a3: and firing the glazed FFC blank body by a ceramic tunnel kiln (the kiln temperature is 1180 ℃), and forming an FFC ceramic finished product after about 14 hours of firing time.
Example 4
This example provides a method for preparing a ceramic slurry, the contents of the raw materials for the preparation are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 2.
Example 5
This example provides a method for preparing a ceramic slurry, the contents of the raw materials for the preparation are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 2.
Example 6
This example provides a method for preparing a ceramic slurry, the contents of the raw materials for the preparation are shown in Table 1, and the preparation method is the same as that of example 2.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a method for preparing an FFC ceramic product, excluding mullite, calcined kaolin and pyrophyllite in example 1, with the contents of the raw materials for preparation shown in table 1, and the remaining conditions being the same as in example 3.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a preparation method of an FFC ceramic finished product, which does not comprise the washing black mud, the British VC ball clay, the high-strength porcelain clay and the Huidong black mud in the example 1, the content of the preparation raw materials is shown in a table 1, and the rest conditions are the same as the example 3.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method of manufacturing an FFC ceramic finished product, except for mullite, quartz, dolomite, calcined kaolin, pyrophyllite, and calcined talc in example 1, under the same conditions as in example 3.
Test example 1
The ceramic slurries according to the examples and comparative examples in table 1 were tested and the results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 1 ceramic slurries of examples and comparative examples
| Raw materials | Example 1 | Example 4 | Example 5 | Example 6 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 |
| Washing mud with chemical water | 4 | 5 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Washing black mud | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 |
| Mullite | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | - | 10 | - |
| Quartz | 20 | 20 | 21 | 20 | 20 | 20 | - |
| Dolomite | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | - |
| Guangxi washing white mud | 10 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| San Diego stone | 5 | 5 | 5 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 5 |
| British VC ball soil | 16 | 16 | 15 | 15 | 16 | - | 16 |
| Calcined kaolin | 12 | 10 | 11 | 10 | - | 12 | - |
| Pyrophyllite | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 | - |
| Burned talcum | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | - |
| High-strength porcelain clay | 5 | 7 | 5 | 6 | 5 | - | 5 |
| Huidong black mud | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | - | 5 |
TABLE 2 FFC pulp to production pulp main property comparison test results
The related test and comparison results in table 2 show that the key indexes such as strength, shrinkage, bending, whiteness and the like are superior to those of the comparative example, and meanwhile, the slurry has the characteristic of high specific gravity and high flow rate, and the advantages of good fluidity of the ceramic slurry and the like are reflected.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention. Insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, variations from or substitutions to one or more other processes, or other insubstantial changes from the disclosed embodiments, as viewed in light of the above teachings, are intended to be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The ceramic slurry is characterized by comprising the following preparation raw materials: mullite, calcined kaolin, pyrophyllite, water-washed black mud, ball clay and high-strength porcelain clay.
2. The ceramic slurry of claim 1, wherein the raw materials for preparing further comprise: washed mud, quartz, dolomite, washed white mud, san diego stone, black mud and burnt talc.
3. The ceramic slurry according to claim 1, wherein the mullite is 10 to 12 parts, the calcined kaolin is 10 to 12 parts, the pyrophyllite is 5 to 7 parts, the water-washed black mud is 5 to 7 parts, the ball clay is 15 to 18 parts, and the high-strength china clay is 5 to 7 parts by weight.
4. The ceramic slurry according to claim 2, wherein the mullite is 10 to 12 parts, the calcined kaolin is 10 to 12 parts, the pyrophyllite is 5 to 7 parts, the washed black clay is 5 to 7 parts, the ball clay is 15 to 18 parts, the high-strength china clay is 5 to 7 parts, the washed clay is 4 to 6 parts, the quartz is 20 to 22 parts, the dolomite is 2 to 4 parts, the washed white clay is 9 to 12 parts, the san diego stone is 5 to 7 parts, the black clay is 5 to 7 parts, and the burnt talc is 1 to 2 parts by weight.
5. The ceramic mud of claim 1, wherein the ceramic mud comprises the following chemical components in parts by weight: siO 2 2 56.5 to 63.0 portions of Al 2 O 3 23.0 to 32.0 portions of Fe 2 O 3 0.8 to 1.1 portions of TiO 2 0.6 to 1.4 portions of CaO, 0.1 to 0.8 portion of CaO, 0.2 to 0.8 portion of MgO, and K 2 0.9 to 2.0 portions of O and Na 2 0.1 to 0.4 portion of O.
6. The ceramic slurry according to claim 1, wherein the specific gravity of the ceramic slurry is 1.8 to 1.9g/cm 3 。
7. The ceramic slip of claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the ceramic slip is 25 to 40 seconds.
8. A method for preparing a ceramic slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises: mixing the preparation raw materials of the ceramic slurry.
9. The method of manufacturing according to claim 5, comprising: mixing the washed mud, the mullite, the quartz, the dolomite, the san Diego stone, the ball clay, the calcined kaolin, the pyrophyllite, and the burnt talc, and then adding the washed black mud, the washed white mud, the high strength china clay, and the black mud.
10. Use of a ceramic slurry according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in sanitary ceramics.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN116854455A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-10 | 佛山东鹏洁具股份有限公司 | FFC thin basin, grouting molding slurry thereof and production process |
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Application publication date: 20230328 |