CN115849792A - Preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock ballast and matched rock ballast recovery equipment - Google Patents
Preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock ballast and matched rock ballast recovery equipment Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 38
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of rock ballast treatment equipment in shield equipment construction, in particular to a preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock ballast and matched rock ballast recovery equipment. Aims to solve the problem of low utilization rate of finished products of rock slag processing equipment in the prior art. The method mainly comprises (1) selecting on-site rock blocks; (2) detecting the mechanical property of the rock mass; (3) cleaning and airing the rock; (4) crushing and collecting rock debris; (5) processing rock powder; (6) preparing sprayed concrete; and (7) preparing a precast block. Has the advantages that: the process is simple, the price is low, the environment is protected, no pollution is caused, the prepared high-strength sprayed concrete can reach high strength in a short time, and a good effect is achieved on the sealing of surrounding rocks.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rock ballast treatment equipment in shield equipment construction, in particular to a preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock ballast and matched rock ballast recovery equipment.
Background
In China, in the face of topographic features of western regions, most of water conservancy and railway projects are tunnel projects crossing mountains and mountains. A large amount of rock slag is generated in the tunnel construction process, and the rock slag is convenient to transport outside and utilize on the spot in tunnels constructed in cities and plain areas, such as roadbed filling, foundation reinforcement and building backfill. However, in the remote west, due to the limitation of roads, the rock debris generated in the tunnel is generally difficult to transport outside, otherwise huge transportation cost is generated. At present, the generated rock slag is treated in a local stacking mode on site, which undoubtedly will cause certain influence on the local fragile ecological environment. Therefore, if rock slag can be utilized in situ in the tunnel construction process, great contribution can be made to environmental protection and cost saving. The sprayed concrete is used as a key material for primary support in tunnel construction and is widely applied to tunnel construction. The coarse aggregate rice stone is taken as a key material in the sprayed concrete, is mainly obtained in a mode of purchasing from a quarry at present, and greatly increases the difficulty and the cost of obtaining under the condition that roads in western regions are not smooth. Therefore, there is a need for in situ partial replacement of coarse aggregate with in situ rock ballast.
Currently, many studies have been conducted on the methods of preparing and using the spray preform. CN114920491A discloses 'a rebound reducing shotcrete admixture and a preparation method thereof'; CN108191354A discloses a method for preparing sprayed concrete and sprayed precast block; CN114873950A discloses a coagulation accelerating early strength agent for sprayed concrete and a preparation method and a use method thereof; CN107721242A discloses a quick-setting shotcrete. The above patents mainly research additives or preparation methods for improving the performance of traditional shotcrete, and the research is rarely carried out on methods for in-situ recycling of shotcrete based on-site rock ballast. 5363 comprehensive utilization and management of tunnel and slag in highway by Huang Shaoxiong; geng Biao researches the application of a sand making technology of a tunnel hole slag processing machine in highway engineering; sun Zengming and the like carry out research on reduction and resource utilization schemes of tunnel slag of plateau long and deep tunnels of Chuanzang railways. Li Yongjun a study was conducted to "shallow talk of middle mountain tunnel ballast reuse". In the above research papers, comprehensive utilization of tunnel rock slag is mentioned, and sand making method by using a tunnel slag processing machine is mentioned, but specific application of the rock slag to shotcrete, the amount of the added rock slag, and the effect of the rock slag after the shotcrete are mentioned and published, and no intensive research is carried out. Therefore, it is highly desirable to perform concrete research on the use of on-site rock ballast for shotcrete, so as to save construction costs on the site while protecting the fragile ecological environment on the site.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of low utilization rate of finished products of rock slag processing equipment in the prior art.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock slag is designed, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting field rock ballast: the method mainly comprises the following steps: (a) In conventional construction, selecting a rock block with the thickness of more than 10mm, which is excavated from a tunnel section with the rock grade higher than that of the third-level surrounding rock, according to early-stage geological survey data of shield construction; or selecting a rock block with the thickness of more than 10mm at a hole section constructed by a drilling and blasting method;
(2) And (3) detecting the mechanical property of the rock: (a) Collecting the rock blocks in the step (1), and selecting the rock blocks with the uniaxial compressive strength not less than 60Mpa through a site point load or uniaxial compressive strength test to form a raw material A; (b) Screening the raw material A by using screening equipment, and removing rock blocks with the field thickness of less than 15mm to form a raw material B; (c) detecting the mud content of the raw material B;
(3) Cleaning and airing rock blocks: only when the mud content of the raw material B is less than or equal to 2 percent, the raw material B is washed by water and then naturally dried to form a raw material C;
(4) Crushing and collecting rock debris: crushing the raw material C by using a rock crusher, wherein the particle size of the crusher is set to be 5-10mm, and forming a crushed raw material D;
(5) Processing rock powder: introducing the raw material D into a high-speed grinder, grinding into powder to form a raw material E, and then continuously grinding the raw material E into superfine particles by using a ball mill to ensure that the fineness of the superfine particles reaches 0.1 to 0.3 mu m to form a raw material F;
(6) Preparing the sprayed concrete: the raw material F is used as a part of the coarse aggregate to be prepared, the substitution rate is between 5% and 40%, and the mass parts of all the substances in the concrete are as follows: 486 parts of cement, 1 part of an early strength agent ZQ-1 type agent, 180 parts of water, 844 parts of fine aggregate, 2 parts of superfine rock powder filler, 686 parts of coarse aggregate, 1% of a non-retarding water reducing agent and 6% of an ecological alkali-free accelerator, wherein the total mass of the sprayed concrete is calculated according to the total mass of the non-retarding water reducing agent and the ecological alkali-free accelerator;
(7) Preparing a precast block: (a) Adding ZQ-1 type early strength agent into water, and stirring for 10-15min; (b) Adding cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate into a stirrer, performing dry stirring for 5-8min to uniformly mix the cement, the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate, then pouring the dry stirring material into the step (a), adding a non-retarding water reducing agent simultaneously, and performing full stirring for 10-15min, wherein the coarse aggregate is replaced by 5-40% of rock ballast prepared by field recovery; (c) Adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the step (b), and continuously stirring for 10-12min to ensure that the rock powder is fully filled at the interface of the coarse and fine aggregates; adding the ecological alkali-free accelerator into the concrete block (c), continuously stirring for 2min, then filling the concrete into a standard mould to prepare a concrete test block, and demolding and curing the prepared concrete test block after the concrete is solidified;
(8) And (3) rechecking the strength: and testing the strength of the sprayed concrete test block for 1 day and 7 days aiming at the prepared concrete test block to obtain the hardness value variation range of finished products D1 and D7, thereby obtaining the optimal substitution proportion.
And (3) detecting the mud content by using a quality accurate evaluation method in the step (2).
And (4) when the mud content in the step (3) is more than 2%, adding broken stones after washing and airing, and measuring again until the mud content reaches the standard.
The utility model provides a rock fragments recovery plant, uses the above-mentioned shotcrete preparation method who utilizes rock fragments, according to the station order in proper order including installing the one-level screening equipment in rock fragments conveyer belt export, is in the hand-held type quality inspection platform of one-level screening equipment afterbody is in and the second grade screening check out test set of screening equipment export, be in the rock breaker and the high-speed grinding machine of second grade screening check out test set export are in the concrete raw materials mixer at high-speed grinding machine rear, second grade screening check out test set includes screening mechanism and mud content detection mechanism.
The secondary screening detection equipment comprises a feeding trolley and a square hopper arranged in the feeding trolley, wherein a square cage is arranged in the hopper, the gap between each two of the keel bars of the square cage is larger than 15mm, a lifting lug is arranged at the top of the square cage, a metering line is arranged in the hopper, a leakproof sealing element is arranged on the edge line of the hopper, a flow inlet pipeline is arranged at the top of the hopper, and a flow outlet pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the hopper; the bottom of hopper is equipped with the gravity-feed tank and responds to the original paper in order to measure the weight of the interior rock material of hopper.
And a stone powder feeding port for quantitatively dropping mud is also connected in parallel with the feeding port of the rock crusher.
The handheld quality testing platform still includes the remote detection information screen including examining test table and examining the handheld detection machine that the bench was settled, the backstage server is connected to the information input part of remote detection information screen, the experimental real test equipment of unipolar compressive strength is connected to backstage server's input, and test equipment detects the intensity result of sample in each batch in order to transmit to the remote detection information screen, simultaneously the rear of examining test table is equipped with the place of waiting to process that holds each batch of experimental material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method has the advantages of simple process, low price, environmental protection and no pollution, and the prepared high-strength sprayed concrete can reach high strength in a short time and has good effect on enclosing the surrounding rock;
designed one set of effectual density detection and adjusting device, can realize the low-cost filtration of crushed aggregates on the one hand, on the other hand can combine the scale mark, and water injection volume and gravity measurement realize the aassessment to building stones density to judge whether reasonable, with low costs and detect fast, can also further assist the washing of accomplishing the building stones.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microscopic SEM image of interface strength of stone powder filled reinforced coarse and fine aggregates;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the compressive strength of example 1 at different times;
FIG. 4 shows the compressive strength of example 12 at different times;
FIG. 5 shows the compressive strength of example 3 at different times;
FIG. 6 shows the compressive strength of example 4 at different times;
FIG. 7 shows the compressive strength of example 5 at different times;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a secondary screening test apparatus;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow diagram of a rock ballast recovery facility;
names of components in the drawings: 1. a square hopper; 2. a square cage frame; 3. lifting lugs; 4. a drain line; 5. an inflow conduit; 6. a metering line; 7. a gravity sensing element; 8. a rock mass; 9. primary screening equipment; 10. a handheld quality inspection station; 11. a screening mechanism; 12. a stone powder feeding port; 13. a rock crusher; 14. a high-speed grinder; 15. a crushed aggregate collecting box; 16. crushing; 17. a concrete raw material mixer; 18. the transfer vehicle frame.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Example 1
A preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock slag is designed, and comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting field rock slag: the method mainly comprises the following steps: (a) In conventional construction, according to the early-stage geological survey data of shield construction, selecting a rock block 8 with the thickness of more than 10mm, which is excavated from a tunnel section with the rock level higher than that of the third-stage surrounding rock; or selecting a rock block 8 with the thickness of more than 10mm at the hole section constructed by the drilling and blasting method;
(2) And (3) detecting the mechanical property of the rock mass 8: (a) Collecting the rock blocks 8 in the step (1), and selecting the rock blocks 8 with the uniaxial compressive strength not less than 60Mpa through a field point load or uniaxial compressive strength test to form a raw material A; (b) Screening the raw material A by using screening equipment, and removing rock blocks 8 with the field thickness of less than 15mm to form a raw material B; (c) detecting the mud content of the raw material B;
(3) And (3) cleaning and airing the rock mass 8: only when the mud content of the raw material B is less than or equal to 2 percent, the raw material B is washed by water and then naturally dried to form a raw material C;
(4) Crushing and collecting rock debris: crushing the raw material C by using a rock crusher 13, wherein the particle size of the crusher is set to be 5-10mm, and forming a crushed raw material D;
(5) Processing rock powder: introducing the raw material D into a high-speed grinder 14, grinding into powder to form a raw material E, and then continuously grinding the raw material E into superfine particles by using a ball mill to ensure that the fineness of the superfine particles reaches 0.1 to 0.3 mu m to form a raw material F;
(6) Preparing the sprayed concrete: the raw material F is used as a part of the coarse aggregate to be prepared, the substitution rate is between 5% and 40%, and the mass parts of all the substances in the concrete are as follows: 486 parts of cement, 1 part of an early strength agent ZQ-1 type agent, 180 parts of water, 844 parts of fine aggregate, 2 parts of superfine rock powder filler, 686 parts of coarse aggregate, 1% of a non-retarding water reducing agent and 6% of an ecological alkali-free accelerator, wherein the total mass of the sprayed concrete is calculated according to the total mass of the non-retarding water reducing agent and the ecological alkali-free accelerator;
(7) Preparing a precast block: (a) Adding ZQ-1 type early strength agent into water, and stirring for 10-15min; (b) Adding cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate into a stirrer, performing dry stirring for 5-8min to uniformly mix the cement, the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate, then pouring the dry stirred materials into the step (a), adding a non-retarding water reducing agent simultaneously, and performing full stirring for 10-15min, wherein the coarse aggregate is substituted by 5-40% of rock slag prepared by field recovery; (c) Adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the step (b), and continuously stirring for 10-12min to ensure that the rock powder is fully filled at the interface of the coarse and fine aggregates; adding the ecological alkali-free accelerator into the concrete block (c), continuously stirring for 2min, then filling the concrete into a standard mould to prepare a concrete test block, and demolding and curing the prepared concrete test block after the concrete is solidified;
(8) And (3) rechecking the strength: and testing the strength of the prepared concrete test block for 1 day and 7 days to obtain the hardness value change range of the finished products D1 and D7, thereby obtaining the optimal substitution ratio.
And (3) detecting the mud content by using a quality accurate evaluation method in the step (2). The quality accurate evaluation method adopts a common method for checking the mass volume and calculating the density, or a method for detecting the density by taking an average value for multiple times by using density detection equipment.
And (4) when the mud content is more than 2% in the step (3), adding broken stones after washing and drying, and measuring again until the mud content reaches the standard.
The embodiment also relates to rock debris recovery equipment, and the preparation method of the sprayed concrete by using the rock debris sequentially comprises a primary screening device 9 arranged at the outlet of a rock debris conveyor belt, a handheld quality inspection table 10 arranged at the tail part of the primary screening device 9, a secondary screening detection device arranged at the outlet of the screening device, a rock crusher 13 and a high-speed grinding machine 14 arranged at the outlet of the secondary screening detection device, and a concrete raw material stirring machine 17 arranged behind the high-speed grinding machine 14 according to the station sequence, wherein the secondary screening detection device comprises a screening mechanism 11 and a mud content detection mechanism.
The secondary screening detection equipment comprises a feeding trolley and a square hopper 1 arranged in the feeding trolley, a square cage 2 is arranged in the hopper, the gap between each two of the keel of the square cage 2 is larger than 15mm, a lifting lug 3 is arranged at the top of the square cage 2, a metering line 6 is arranged in the hopper, a leakproof sealing element is arranged on the edge line of the hopper, an inflow pipeline 5 is arranged at the top of the hopper, and a discharge pipeline 4 is arranged at the bottom of the hopper; the bottom of hopper is equipped with the weight of gravity-feed tank internal rock material in order to measure the hopper. During the working process, materials with insufficient thickness can be dried and separated through repeated lifting of the cage, then the cage is placed in the feed hopper, a fixed amount of water is added, the internal liquid level line and the bottom weighing are measured, and whether the mud content reaches the standard or not is calculated through a formula of volume, weight and density and a calculation method. The design of the square hopper 1 and the cage frame lies in that the leaked materials can be effectively screened to the crushed material collecting box 15 in the process of transportation. Specifically, in this embodiment, if the water amount is controlled to be 50L, if the scale mark is 60L, it is indicated that the volume of the rock 8 is 10L, then the actual density of the rock 8 is obtained by combining gravity, the theoretical density is measured by combining the types of the rock 8, the middle difference is the influence of the mud content, and under the reverse deducing the result, the mud content is determined by the inducement of the possible mud content, and when the mud content is less than 2%, the next step is performed, and when the mud content does not reach the standard, the stone material which needs not to be transported is determined to be added to reduce the mud content according to the site working conditions. If the site is too far away from the stone factory and the transportation cost is too high, the stone batch is temporarily not used, or is waited for later landfill in a shelving mode, or is processed at the site for a time waiting for low transportation cost under overall planning.
The feeding port of the rock crusher 13 is also connected in parallel with a stone powder feeding port 12 for quantitative mud falling.
Hand-held type quality testing platform 10 still includes the remote detection information screen including examining test table and examining the hand-held type detection machine that the bench was settled, the backstage server is connected to the information input part of remote detection information screen, the experimental real test equipment of unipolar compressive strength is connected to backstage server's input, and test equipment detects the intensity result of sample in each batch in order to transmit to the remote detection information screen, simultaneously the rear of examining test table is equipped with the place of waiting to process that holds each batch of test material. The metering result of the method is in contact with remote information transmission, and is more accurate although the time is long.
Example 2
In this embodiment, rock unipolar compressive strength is 110Mpa, then washs through rock 8 and dries, and processes such as rock fragment breakage is collected and rock powder processing use when waiting for shotcrete to prepare. Adding 1kg of ZQ-1 type early strength agent into 180 kg of water, and fully stirring for 10min; adding 42.5 mm cement of 486 kg, 844 kg river sand and 5-10mm gravel of 686 kg into a stirrer in sequence, performing dry stirring for 8min to uniformly mix the cement, the 844 kg river sand and the 686 kg, then pouring dry stirring materials into the solution, adding 1kg of non-retarding water reducing agent into the solution, and fully stirring for 12min, wherein a part of the gravel is obtained by purchasing in a quarry, and a part of the gravel is replaced by rock slag prepared by on-site recovery, and the replacement rate is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% respectively; adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the stirred material, and continuously stirring for 10min; then filling the sprayed concrete into a closed mortar tank for later use; 6 percent of alkali-free setting accelerator is respectively and uniformly mixed with the injection mortar at the injection head for trial injection in Shanxi province Hanjiwei water diversion tunnel engineering, and the effect is good. Meanwhile, the prepared shotcrete was put into a standard mold of 100 × 100mm to prepare a concrete test block, and the performance of the concrete was tested indoors.
The results of the performance test of the shotcrete of the examples are shown in the following table
Through data analysis, the rock slag utilization limit substitution rate in the embodiment is 35%.
Example 2
In this embodiment, 8 unipolar compressive strength of rock piece is 100Mpa, then washs through rock piece 8 and dries, and processes such as rock fragment breakage collection and rock dust processing are used when waiting for shotcrete to prepare. Adding 2kg of ZQ-1 type early strength agent into 360 kg of water, and fully stirring for 12min; sequentially adding 972 kg cement, 1688 kg river sand and 1372 kg crushed stone of 5-10mm into a stirrer, dry-stirring for 10min to uniformly mix, then pouring dry-mixed materials into the solution, simultaneously adding 2kg of a non-retarding water reducing agent, and fully stirring for 15min, wherein a part of the crushed stone is purchased from a quarry, and a part of the crushed stone is replaced by rock slag prepared by on-site recovery, and the replacement rate is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% respectively; adding prepared superfine rock powder filler into the stirred material, and continuously stirring for 12min; then filling the sprayed concrete into a closed mortar tank for later use; 6 percent of alkali-free setting accelerator is respectively and uniformly mixed with the spraying mortar at the spraying head to be sprayed in a tunnel project of Ji La mountain of Sichuan railway, and the effect is good. Meanwhile, the prepared shotcrete was put into a standard mold of 100 × 100mm to prepare a concrete test block, and the performance of the concrete was tested indoors.
The results of the performance test of the shotcrete of the examples are shown in the following table
Through data analysis, the rock slag utilization limit substitution rate of the project is 30%.
Example 3
In this embodiment, 8 unipolar compressive strength of rock pieces are 90Mpa, then wash through rock pieces 8 and dry, and processes such as rock fragment crushing collection and rock dust processing are used when waiting to spray concrete preparation. Adding 1kg of ZQ-1 type early strength agent into 180 kg of water, and fully stirring for 11min; sequentially adding 486 kg cement, 844 kg river sand and 686 kg crushed stones of 5-10mm into a stirrer, dry-stirring for 10min to uniformly mix, then pouring dry-mixed materials into the solution, simultaneously adding 1kg of non-retarding water reducing agent, and fully stirring for 15min, wherein a part of the crushed stones are purchased from a quarry, and a part of the crushed stones are replaced by rock slag prepared by on-site recovery, and the replacement rates are 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% respectively; adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the stirred material, and continuously stirring for 12min; then filling the sprayed concrete into a closed mortar tank for later use; 6 percent of alkali-free setting accelerator is respectively and uniformly mixed with the spraying mortar at the position of the spraying head to test and spray in a tunnel project of the second-stage water delivery engineering, and the effect is good. At the same time, the prepared shotcrete was loaded into a standard mould of 100 x 100mm, a concrete test block was prepared, and the performance of the concrete was tested indoors.
The results of the performance test of the shotcrete of the examples are shown in the following table
The rock slag utilization limit substitution rate in the embodiment is 30%.
Example 4
In this embodiment, 8 unipolar compressive strength of rock pieces are 80Mpa, then use when waiting for shotcrete to prepare through processes such as rock pieces 8 washing air, rock fragment crushing collection and rock dust processing. Adding 2kg of ZQ-1 type early strength agent into 360 kg of water, and fully stirring for 12min; sequentially adding 972 kg cement, 1688 kg river sand and 1372 kg crushed stone of 5-10mm into a stirrer, dry-stirring for 10min to uniformly mix, then pouring dry-mixed materials into the solution, simultaneously adding 2kg of a non-retarding water reducing agent, and fully stirring for 15min, wherein a part of the crushed stone is purchased from a quarry, and a part of the crushed stone is replaced by rock slag prepared by on-site recovery, and the replacement rate is 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% respectively; adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the stirred material, and continuously stirring for 12min; then filling the sprayed concrete into a closed mortar tank for later use; 6 percent of alkali-free setting accelerator and the spraying mortar are respectively and uniformly mixed at the spraying head for trial spraying in a tunnel project, and the effect is good. At the same time, the prepared shotcrete was loaded into a standard mould of 100 x 100mm, a concrete test block was prepared, and the performance of the concrete was tested indoors.
The results of the performance test of the shotcrete of the example are shown in the following table
The rock slag utilization limit substitution rate in the embodiment is 25%.
Example 5
In this embodiment, rock unipolar compressive strength is 90Mpa, then washs through the piece of rock 8 and dries, and processes such as rock fragment crushing is collected and rock dust processing use when waiting to spray concrete preparation. Adding 1kg of ZQ-1 type early strength agents into 180 kg of water, and fully stirring for 10min; sequentially adding 486 kg cement, 844 kg river sand and 686 kg crushed stones of 5-10mm into a stirrer, dry-stirring for 8min to uniformly mix, then pouring dry-stirred materials into the solution, simultaneously adding 1kg of non-retarding water reducing agent, and fully stirring for 12min, wherein a part of the crushed stones are purchased from a quarry, and a part of the crushed stones are replaced by rock slag prepared by on-site recovery, and the replacement rates are 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% respectively; adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the stirred material, and continuously stirring for 10min; then filling the sprayed concrete into a closed mortar tank for later use; 6 percent of alkali-free setting accelerator is respectively and uniformly mixed with the spraying mortar at the position of the spraying head to test spraying in the tunnel engineering, and the effect is good. Meanwhile, the prepared shotcrete was put into a standard mold of 100 × 100mm to prepare a concrete test block, and the performance of the concrete was tested indoors.
The results of the performance test of the shotcrete of the examples are shown in the following table
Through data analysis, the rock slag utilization limit substitution rate in the cloud embodiment is 30 percent
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described above, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of sprayed concrete by using rock slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting field rock slag: the method mainly comprises the following steps: (a) In the conventional construction, according to the early-stage geological survey data of shield construction, selecting a rock block (8) with the thickness of more than 10mm, which is excavated from a tunnel section with the rock level higher than that of the third-stage surrounding rock; or selecting a rock block (8) with the thickness of more than 10mm at the hole section constructed by the drilling and blasting method;
(2) And (3) detecting the mechanical property of the rock mass (8): (a) Collecting the rock blocks (8) in the step (1), and selecting the rock blocks (8) with the uniaxial compressive strength of more than or equal to 60Mpa through a field point load or uniaxial compressive strength test to form a raw material A; (b) Screening the raw material A by using screening equipment, and removing rock blocks (8) with the field thickness of less than 15mm to form a raw material B; (c) detecting the mud content of the raw material B;
(3) Cleaning and airing the rock block (8): only when the mud content of the raw material B is less than or equal to 2%, the raw material B is washed by water and then naturally dried to form a raw material C;
(4) Crushing and collecting rock slag: crushing the raw material C by using a rock crusher (13), wherein the particle size of the crusher is set to be 5-10mm to form a crushed raw material D;
(5) Processing rock powder: introducing the raw material D into a high-speed grinder (14), grinding into powder to form a raw material E, and then continuously grinding the raw material E into superfine particles by using a ball mill to ensure that the fineness of the superfine particles reaches 0.1 to 0.3 mu m to form a raw material F;
(6) Preparing the sprayed concrete: the raw material F is used as a part of the coarse aggregate to be prepared, the substitution rate is between 5% and 40%, and the mass parts of all the substances in the concrete are as follows: 486 parts of cement, 1 part of an early strength agent ZQ-1 type agent, 100 to 280 parts of water, 800 to 950 parts of fine aggregate, 2 parts of superfine rock powder filler and 680 to 700 parts of coarse aggregate, wherein the non-retarding water reducer accounts for 1% of the total mass of the sprayed concrete, and the ecological alkali-free accelerator accounts for 6% of the total mass of the sprayed concrete;
(7) Preparing a precast block: (a) Adding ZQ-1 type early strength agent into water, and stirring for 10-15min; (b) Adding cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate into a stirrer, performing dry stirring for 5-8min to uniformly mix the cement, the fine aggregate and the coarse aggregate, then pouring the dry stirred materials into the step (a), adding a non-retarding water reducing agent simultaneously, and performing full stirring for 10-15min, wherein the coarse aggregate is substituted by 5-40% of rock slag prepared by field recovery; (c) Adding the prepared superfine rock powder filler into the step (b), and continuously stirring for 10-12min to ensure that the rock powder is fully filled at the interface of the coarse and fine aggregates; adding the ecological alkali-free accelerator into the concrete block (c), continuously stirring for 2min, then filling the concrete into a standard mould to prepare a concrete test block, and demolding and curing the prepared concrete test block after the concrete is solidified;
(8) And (3) rechecking the strength: and testing the strength of the sprayed concrete test block for 1 day and 7 days aiming at the prepared concrete test block to obtain the hardness value variation range of finished products D1 and D7, thereby obtaining the optimal substitution proportion.
2. The method for preparing shotcrete using rock slag according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) detecting the mud content by using a quality accurate evaluation method in the step (2).
3. The method for preparing shotcrete using rock slag according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) when the mud content in the step (3) is more than 2%, adding broken stones after washing and airing, and measuring again until the mud content reaches the standard.
4. A rock ballast recycling apparatus using the shotcrete making method using rock ballast according to claim 1, wherein: according to station order including installing in proper order one-level screening equipment (9) at rock sediment conveyer belt export, be in hand-held type quality testing platform (10) of one-level screening equipment (9) afterbody are in and the second grade screening check out test set of screening equipment export, be in rock crusher (13) and the high-speed grinding machine (14) of second grade screening check out test set export are in concrete raw material mixer (17) at high-speed grinding machine (14) rear, second grade screening check out test set is including screening mechanism (11) and mud content detection mechanism.
5. Apparatus for rock ballast recovery as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the secondary screening detection equipment comprises a feeding car and a square hopper (1) arranged in the feeding car, wherein a square cage (2) is arranged in the hopper, the gap between each two of the keel of the square cage (2) is larger than 15mm, a lifting lug (3) is arranged at the top of the square cage (2), a metering line (6) is arranged in the hopper, a leakage-proof sealing element is arranged on the edge line of the hopper, an inflow pipeline (5) is arranged at the top of the hopper, and a discharge pipeline (4) is arranged at the bottom of the hopper; the bottom of hopper is equipped with the gravity-feed tank and responds to the original paper in order to measure the weight of the interior rock material of hopper.
6. Rock ballast recovery apparatus as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that: and a stone powder feeding port (12) for quantitatively dropping mud is also arranged in parallel at the feeding port of the rock crusher (13).
7. Apparatus for rock ballast recovery as claimed in claim 5 wherein: hand-held type quality testing platform (10) still includes the remote detection information screen including examining test table and examining the hand-held type detection machine of settling on the test table, the backstage server is connected to the information input part of remote detection information screen, the experimental real test equipment of unipolar compressive strength is connected to backstage server's input, and test equipment detects the intensity result of sample in each batch in order to transmit to the remote detection information screen, simultaneously the rear of examining test table is equipped with the place of treating that holds each batch of test material.
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