CN115849041A

CN115849041A - Cargo stacking loading and unloading structure

Info

Publication number: CN115849041A
Application number: CN202211617063.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 叶结辉; 谭卫华
Original assignee: Foshan Ruichuang Technical Service Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Ruichuang Technical Service Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-15
Filing date: 2022-12-15
Publication date: 2023-03-28

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of loading equipment, in particular to a cargo stacking and loading-unloading structure, which comprises: a first frame; the second rack is positioned above the first rack, the second rack is provided with a first turnover mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a second turnover mechanism, the goods are turned over to the conveying mechanism through the first turnover mechanism, the conveying mechanism drives the goods to move and transversely stack on the second turnover mechanism, and the second turnover mechanism turns over to obtain vertically stacked goods; the moving assembly can move to and fro into the carriage of the truck; the loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on the moving component and comprises a bearing component and a pushing component, the second turnover mechanism and the bearing component are overlapped in the left-right direction, the bearing component is located in front of the pushing component, and the bearing component can move backwards relative to the pushing component. The invention solves the technical problems that workers have different industrial injuries and the loading efficiency is low due to the existing loading mode of manually stacking and filling the goods in the container truck or the container truck.

Description

Cargo stacking loading and unloading structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of loading equipment, in particular to a cargo stacking, loading and unloading structure.

Background

Compared with other common trucks, the container truck and container truck have the advantages of large transportation volume, full utilization of space, safety, attractiveness, rain resistance, moisture resistance and the like, are widely applied to various industries, and are fully sealed for transportation without being influenced by weather.

Because the container car and the container car need to use the container or the container with a sealed box structure, the conventional container and the container are generally only provided with a door for loading and unloading goods at the tail part, and a few or customized vehicles can be provided with a small side door at the side surface. When using container truck or container truck transportation goods, need fill up with the space in packing cupboard or the container with the goods as far as possible, otherwise when clearance between goods and the goods in the carriage or the clearance between goods and the carriage inner wall is great, lead to the goods to take place to topple over easily in the transportation, slide and skew etc. can cause the damage of goods on the one hand, and on the other hand can lead to the skew of vehicle focus, has great potential safety hazard to the vehicle traveles.

In the market today, the goods are generally carried and stacked manually to fill the space in a container or a container, or the goods are firstly forked into a carriage by a forklift and a wooden support, and then the goods on the wooden support are manually stacked in the carriage at a little by a little, so that the carriage is filled. If only a forklift is used, goods cannot be used for filling the space in the container or the container, the existing modes can not take manual participation, but long-term gravity labor of workers can bring different industrial injuries to the workers. In addition, when the amount of the goods is large, the conventional manual goods stacking mode needs to consume a large amount of time for loading and unloading the goods, and the loading efficiency is low.

The space inside the container or container is limited and the space becomes smaller and smaller as the goods increase, it is difficult for the mechanical device to stack the goods and fill the space inside the container or container with the goods in the limited space of the container or container.

Therefore, how to stack the goods by using mechanical equipment under the condition of reducing or even avoiding manpower, and then fill the goods into the containers or the space in the containers through doors at the tail parts of the containers is a big problem to be solved in the transportation industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a cargo stacking, loading and unloading structure, and aims to solve the technical problems that workers have different industrial injuries and the loading efficiency is low due to the loading mode of manually stacking and filling cargos into a container truck or a container truck in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a cargo stacking and handling structure, comprising: the first frame is abutted against a carriage of a truck when in use; the second rack is fixedly connected with the first rack and positioned above the first rack, a first turnover mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a second turnover mechanism are sequentially arranged on the second rack from back to front, the first turnover mechanism and the second turnover mechanism are hinged with the second rack, the conveying mechanism is movably arranged on the second rack, so that goods are turned over upwards by the first turnover mechanism and move onto the conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism drives the goods to move forwards and transversely stack on the second turnover mechanism, and the goods which are vertically stacked are obtained by turning over downwards by the second turnover mechanism; the moving assembly is movably arranged on the first rack, is positioned below the second turnover mechanism and can move to and fro into the carriage of the truck; the loading and unloading mechanism is arranged on the moving assembly and comprises a bearing assembly and a pushing assembly, the second turnover mechanism is turned downwards, the second turnover mechanism and the bearing assembly are overlapped in the left-right direction to jointly support the cargos stacked vertically, the bearing assembly is located in front of the pushing assembly, and the bearing assembly can move backwards relative to the pushing assembly to unload the cargos on the bearing assembly.

Through the cooperation of first tilting mechanism, conveying mechanism and second tilting mechanism, realize the goods stack, avoid the workman industrial injury to appear, improve the efficiency of goods stack. After second tilting mechanism upset is downward, bearing subassembly dress goods stretched into corresponding position in the carriage along with the removal subassembly, the relative propelling movement subassembly of bearing subassembly is backward moved, is equivalent to the propelling movement subassembly promptly and supports the goods on the bearing subassembly to the bearing subassembly withdraws from the goods below completely to accomplish the unloading in the carriage. The size of the bearing component is adaptively adjusted according to the width of the carriage, so that the space in the width direction of the carriage can be filled every time the carriage is assembled and disassembled, and the space in the carriage can be filled after circulation for a plurality of times. Through the mode that the space in the carriage is filled up to loading and unloading in batches, this scheme not only is applicable to the loading and unloading of vacant carriage, can also be applicable to the loading and unloading of half vacant or partly vacant carriage, uses in a flexible way.

Preferably, after the second turnover mechanism is turned over downwards, the second turnover mechanism and the supporting component are further overlapped in the vertical direction so that the second turnover mechanism and the supporting component jointly support vertically stacked goods; above-mentioned second tilting mechanism is including the second upset support that is used for the bearing goods, has seted up a plurality of current clearances that supply above-mentioned bearing subassembly and above-mentioned propelling movement subassembly on the above-mentioned second upset support.

Through the crisscross mode that sets up of second tilting mechanism and bearing subassembly, when the bearing goods, reduce the volume of bearing subassembly greatly, the width that makes the width of bearing subassembly can the width of the goods of vertical stack less than or equal to. Thereby filling the space within the compartment in the width direction as the support assembly enters the compartment.

Preferably, the pushing assembly comprises a pushing drive and at least one pushing member, and the pushing drive assembly is in transmission connection with the pushing member; the bearing driving component is in transmission connection with the second fork rod, when the truck unloads in the carriage, the bearing driving component drives the second fork rod to move backwards, and the pushing driving component synchronously drives the pushing member to move forwards so as to unload the cargos on the second fork rod; the loading and unloading mechanism comprises a support frame and a hinged drive, the support frame is arranged on the moving assembly, the hinged drive, the pushing assembly and the bearing assembly are arranged on the support frame, the rear side of the second fork rod is hinged with the support frame in the vertical direction, and the output end of the hinged drive is in transmission connection with the rear end of the second fork rod. During unloading, the bearing driving assembly drives the second fork rod to move backwards, the pushing driving assembly drives the pushing piece to move forwards, and the pushing piece move simultaneously, so that cargos forked on the second fork rod are unloaded in the carriage quickly. After the second fork arm is hinged with the supporting frame, the second fork arm can swing in the up-and-down direction, the second fork arm is more flexible to use, and the application range is wider.

Preferably, a plurality of first fork rods for supporting the goods are arranged on the second overturning bracket, and the passing gaps are arranged among the plurality of first fork rods; said brace assembly further comprising a brace panel removably attachable to both said first fork and said second fork, said brace panel being positioned above at least one of said first fork and said second fork such that: before the second turnover mechanism is turned downwards, the supporting plate is arranged on the first fork rod to support the goods; after the second turnover mechanism is turned downwards, the supporting plate is arranged on the first fork rod and the second fork rod to support cargoes; when the moving assembly drives the second fork rod to move forwards, the bearing plate is arranged on the second fork rod to convey goods into a carriage of the truck.

The first fork rod and the second fork rod share one bearing plate, and the goods are always positioned on the bearing plate in the two processes of overturning and unloading in the carriage.

Preferably, the left and right sides of the second fork rod are provided with first fixing parts with a shape of being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the bottom surface of the support plate is provided with fixing units corresponding to the second fork rod one by one, each fixing unit comprises two second fixing parts arranged oppositely, each of the two second fixing parts is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, and the distance W1 between the two second fixing parts in one fixing unit is not less than the distance W2 between the left and right sides of the second fork rod, so that when the support plate is mounted on the second fork rod, the first fixing parts are clamped with the second fixing parts.

Through setting up first mounting and second mounting be convenient for in the up-down direction, install the bearing board on the second fork arm fast.

Preferably, the first fixing member is provided with a guide surface, a first vertical surface, a first inclined surface and a second vertical surface from top to bottom in sequence, the second fixing member is provided with a third vertical surface, a second inclined surface and a fourth vertical surface from top to bottom in sequence, the first fixing member is adjacent to the second fixing member, the first vertical surface is abutted against the third vertical surface, the first inclined surface is abutted against the second inclined surface, and the second vertical surface is abutted against the fourth vertical surface after the first fixing member is clamped with the second fixing member.

Through setting up first vertical face, first inclined plane and the vertical face of second and the vertical face butt of third, second inclined plane and fourth respectively, the connection of bearing board and second fork is stable difficult not hard up, drops when can making the back-and-forth movement, can be convenient for again through the spigot surface with first mounting and second mounting block in the upper and lower direction.

Preferably, a lower surface of the support plate extends downward to form an abutting portion, so that the abutting portion abuts against a tip end of the first fork when the support plate is attached to the first fork. The abutting part abuts against the front end of the first fork rod, and the stability of the first fork rod and the first fork rod during installation is improved.

Preferably, the lower surface of the support plate is provided with an inserting unit which corresponds to the first fork rod one by one, the inserting unit comprises at least two inserting components which are arranged oppositely, the two inserting components are narrow at the back and wide at the front, an inserting gap is reserved between the two inserting components, the width W3 of the inserting gap is larger than or equal to the width W4 between the left side and the right side of the first fork rod, and the first fork rod is inserted into the inserting gap when the support plate is installed on the first fork rod. When the bearing plate is installed with the first fork rod, the plug connector prevents the first fork rod and the bearing plate from shifting in the left-right direction.

Preferably, the bottom surface of the front end of the support plate is provided with an inclined member for facilitating the support plate to withdraw goods from the wagon compartment to below, and the inclined member is inclined downward from front to rear. The inclined piece is convenient for the bearing plate to withdraw from the lower part of the goods when the bearing plate is placed down along with the second fork rod, so that the bearing plate is prevented from being scraped and abraded with the bottom surface of the carriage.

Preferably, the moving assembly includes a first rotary drive, a first gear, a first rack, a first guide rail, a moving bracket, and a plurality of first sliders, at least two of the first gear, the first rack, and the first guide rail are provided, the first guide rail is provided on the first frame in a front-rear direction, the first sliders are slidably provided on the first guide rail, the moving bracket is provided on the first slider, the first rack is provided on outer side walls of left and right sides of the moving bracket, the first rotary drive is provided on the first frame, the first gear is in transmission connection with an output end of the first rotary drive, and the first gear is engaged with the first rack. The movement of the movable support can be stably controlled through the first guide rail, the first sliding block, the first gear and the first rack.

Preferably, the bearing driving assembly includes a second rotary drive, a second gear, a second rack, a second guide rail and a plurality of second sliders, at least two of the second gear, the second rack and the second guide rail are provided, the second guide rail is provided on the movable bracket along a front-rear direction, the second sliders are slidably provided on the second guide rail, the support bracket is provided on the second slider, the second rack is provided on inner sidewalls of left and right sides of the movable bracket, the second rotary drive is provided on the support bracket, the second gear is in transmission connection with an output end of the second rotary drive, and the second gear is engaged with the second rack. The movement of the support frame can be stably controlled through the second guide rail, the second sliding block, the second gear and the second rack.

Preferably, the first turnover mechanism includes a first turnover support and a first turnover drive, a first portion and a second portion of the first turnover support are arranged at an included angle with an opening facing backwards, the second portion is hinged to the second rack, the first turnover drive is arranged on the first rack, and an output end of the first turnover drive is in transmission connection with the second portion; the second part is provided with a first rolling assembly, the first rolling assembly comprises a fourth rotary drive, a first transmission belt and a plurality of rolling units, each rolling unit comprises a rolling shaft, a transmission rod and two first transmission wheels, the rolling shaft is sleeved on the transmission rod, the transmission rod is rotatably arranged on the second part, the two first transmission wheels are respectively sleeved at two ends of the transmission rod, at least two first transmission belts are arranged, the first transmission belts are wound on the output ends of the first transmission wheels and the fourth rotary drive, and when goods are placed on the first part, the rolling shafts are abutted to the goods; the third part and the fourth part of the second overturning bracket are arranged in an included angle with a forward opening, a second rolling assembly is arranged on the fourth part, the second rolling assembly and the first rolling assembly are identical in structure, and the height H1 of the fourth part is larger than the height H2 of the second part.

Through the cooperation of first tilting mechanism, conveying mechanism and second tilting mechanism, realize the goods stack, avoid the workman industrial injury to appear, improve cargo handling efficiency. The first rolling assembly and the second rolling assembly are arranged, and the goods conveying efficiency is further improved.

Preferably, the turnover device further comprises a movable turnover material protection mechanism, the turnover material protection mechanism is used for supporting cargoes from the left side and the right side when the cargoes are turned over, and the turnover material protection mechanism is arranged on one side, close to the first turnover mechanism and/or the second turnover mechanism, of the second rack; the overturning material protection mechanism comprises a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly, the first clamping assembly comprises a first clamping arm, a material protection plate and a first clamping drive, the first clamping arm comprises a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are arranged in an included angle with an opening facing a cargo, the material protection plate is connected with the first section, the second section is hinged with the second rack, the lower side of the second section is in transmission connection with the first clamping drive, and the material protection plate is driven by the first clamping drive to be close to or far away from the cargo; the second clamping assembly and the first clamping assembly are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the goods. Set up the upset and protect material mechanism, avoid the goods to drop at the upset process.

Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a third rotary drive, a second drive wheel, drive bars, a main drive shaft, an auxiliary drive shaft and a plurality of link plates, at least one of the main drive shaft and the auxiliary drive shaft is provided, the main drive shaft and the auxiliary drive shaft are both rotatably connected to the second frame, the third rotary drive is provided on the second frame, the third rotary drive is in drive connection with the main drive shaft, at least four of the second drive wheels are provided, the second drive wheels are respectively sleeved on the main drive shaft and the auxiliary drive shaft, at least two of the drive bars are provided, the drive bars are wound on the second drive wheel of the main drive shaft and the second drive wheel of the auxiliary drive shaft, and two ends of each link plate are respectively fixedly connected to two of the drive bars. The goods are conveyed through the chain plates, so that the carrying capacity of the goods is stronger.

Preferably, the wood tray removing device further comprises a wood tray removing mechanism for removing a wood tray, wherein the wood tray removing mechanism comprises a third frame, a third guide rail, a third slider, a moving seat, a moving plate, a first lifting drive, a second clamping drive, a moving arm, a fixed arm and a horizontal drive assembly, the third frame is fixedly connected with the first frame, the third frame is positioned above the conveying mechanism, at least two third guide rails are arranged on the third frame, at least two groups of the third sliders are arranged, the two groups of the third sliders are respectively movably mounted on the third guide rail, the moving seat is arranged on the third slider, the first lifting drive is arranged on the moving seat, the output end of the first lifting drive is downward and connected with the moving plate, the lower surface of the moving plate is provided with at least one moving arm and at least one fixed arm, the moving arm and the fixed arm are hinged, the moving plate is provided with the second clamping drive, and the second clamping drive is in transmission connection with the moving arm, so that the moving arm is driven by the second clamping drive to approach or leave the fixed arm; the horizontal driving assembly comprises a second transmission belt, a third transmission wheel, a fourth transmission wheel, a horizontal transmission main shaft, a horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft and a fifth rotary drive, the fifth rotary drive is arranged on the third frame, the horizontal transmission main shaft and the horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft are respectively and rotatably arranged on the third frame, at least one of the third transmission wheel, the fourth transmission wheel and the second transmission belt is arranged, the third transmission wheel is sleeved on the horizontal transmission main shaft, the fourth transmission wheel is sleeved on the horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft, the second transmission belt is wound on the third transmission wheel and the fourth transmission wheel, the movable seat is fixedly connected with the second transmission belt through a connecting piece, and the fifth rotary drive is in transmission connection with the horizontal transmission main shaft. Get rid of the wooden support of bearing goods through removing wooden support mechanism, the stack of the goods of being convenient for on the one hand, on the other hand is convenient for retrieve the wooden support.

The invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. through the cooperation of first tilting mechanism, conveying mechanism and second tilting mechanism three, realize the stack of goods, replaced manual operation, avoid the workman to appear industrial injury, improve the efficiency of goods stack simultaneously.

2. Bearing subassembly dress goods stretches into in the carriage to the relevant position after along with the removal subassembly, the relative propelling movement subassembly rearward movement of bearing subassembly, the goods that the propelling movement subassembly supported on the bearing subassembly promptly withdraws from the goods below to the bearing subassembly completely, thereby accomplish the unloading in the carriage, this scheme only moves in the back to the front, compare the loading and unloading of centre gripping completion goods about using the manipulator, this scheme can place more goods in the left and right sides orientation, on the one hand can make full use of the space in carriage, on the other hand can reduce the clearance between goods and the clearance between the carriage, thereby the removal space of restriction goods, prevent effectively that the goods from taking place to topple over in the transportation, slip and skew etc. cause the goods to damage.

3. The size of bearing subassembly is made adaptability adjustment according to carriage width size for every loading and unloading once can both fill the carriage width direction space, and the space in can filling the carriage several times in the circulation has effectively replaced the manual work and has carried out the stack in the carriage, avoids appearing accident such as industrial injury, has still effectively improved the handling efficiency of goods.

4. The scheme is suitable for loading and unloading of the empty carriages and can also be suitable for loading and unloading of half-empty or partial empty carriages in a batch loading and unloading mode, so that the use is more flexible, and the application range is wider.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second roll-over stand according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the racking assembly and the pushing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the first fork, the second fork and the support plate of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the support plate of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another angle of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second yoke according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the portion C of FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the second yoke and the support plate of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of section D of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of section E of FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the moving assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of portion F of FIG. 14;

figure 16 is an exploded view of the support drive assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a first turnover mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a first rolling assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural view of the turnover guard mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of the structure of the conveying mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic structural view of the delimbing mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 22 is an enlarged view of portion G of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural view of another angle trimming mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the construction of the first and second roll-over stands of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic view of the second canting mechanism of the present invention in an inverted position;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of the second canting mechanism of the present invention after being tipped;

FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the present invention for transporting cargo into a vehicle;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of a second flipping mechanism of the present invention with a support plate for flipping;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the second flipping mechanism of the present invention after being flipped with a support plate;

FIG. 33 is a schematic view of the present invention for transporting cargo into a vehicle compartment through a support plate;

FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the structure of a support beam according to the present invention;

FIG. 35 is a schematic structural view of a moveable arm and a stationary arm of the present invention;

fig. 36 is a schematic push-out view of the pusher according to the present invention.

In the drawings: 1-a first frame, 2-a second frame, 3-a first turnover mechanism, 31-a first turnover bracket, 311-a first part, 312-a second part, 32-a first turnover drive, 33-a first rolling component, 331-a fourth rotary drive, 332-a first transmission belt, 333-a rolling shaft, 334-a transmission rod, 335-a first transmission wheel, 4-a conveying mechanism, 41-a third rotary drive, 42-a second transmission wheel, 43-a transmission strip, 44-a main transmission shaft, 45-an auxiliary transmission shaft, 46-a chain plate, 47-a support beam, 471-a sliding chute, 5-a second turnover mechanism, 51-a second turnover bracket, 511-a third part, 512-a fourth part, 52-a passing gap, 53-a first fork rod 6-moving component, 61-first rotating drive, 62-first gear, 63-first rack, 64-first guide rail, 65-moving bracket, 66-first sliding block, 67-moving wheel, 7-loading and unloading mechanism, 71-supporting component, 711-supporting drive component, 7111-second rotating drive, 7112-second gear, 7113-second rack, 7114-second guide rail, 7115-second sliding block, 712-second fork rod, 7121-first fixing piece, 71211-guide surface, 71212-first vertical surface, 71213-first inclined surface, 71214-second vertical surface, 713-supporting plate, 7131-second fixing piece, 71311-third vertical surface, 71312-second inclined surface, 71313-fourth inclined surface, 7132-an abutting part, 7133-a plug-in part, 7134-a plug-in gap, 7135-a tilting part, 7136-a guide part, 72-a pushing component, 721-a pushing drive, 722-a pushing component, 73-a supporting frame, 74-a hinged drive, 8-a turnover material protection mechanism, 81-a first clamping component, 811-a first clamping arm, 8111-a first section, 8112-a second section, 812-a material protection plate, 813-a first clamping drive, 82-a second clamping component, 9-a wood removing bracket mechanism, 91-a third rack, 92-a third guide rail, 93-a third sliding block, 94-a moving seat, 95-a first lifting drive, 97-a second clamping drive, 98-a movable arm, 99-a horizontal drive component, 991-a second driving belt, 992-a third driving wheel, 993-a fourth driving wheel, 994-a horizontal driving main shaft, 995-a horizontal driving auxiliary shaft, 996-a fifth rotating drive, 910-a to-load and unload goods, 10-a second to-load and unload goods driving wheel, 102-a universal driving locking part.

The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indication is involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indication is only used for explaining the relative positional relationship, the motion situation, and the like between the components in a certain posture, and if the certain posture is changed, the directional indication is changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 36, a cargo stack loading and unloading structure includes: a first frame 1 which is abutted against a carriage of a truck when in use; a second frame 2 fixedly connected with the first frame 1 and located above the first frame 1, wherein the second frame 2 is sequentially provided with a first turnover mechanism 3, a conveying mechanism 4 and a second turnover mechanism 5 from back to front, the first turnover mechanism 3 and the second turnover mechanism 5 are both hinged with the second frame 2, the conveying mechanism 4 is movably arranged on the second frame 2, so that the goods are turned over upwards by the first turnover mechanism 3 and moved onto the conveying mechanism 4, the conveying mechanism 4 drives the goods to move forwards and transversely stack on the second turnover mechanism 5, and the goods are turned over downwards by the second turnover mechanism 5 to obtain vertically stacked goods; a moving assembly 6 movably disposed on the first frame 1, wherein the moving assembly 6 is located below the second turnover mechanism 5, and the moving assembly 6 can move back and forth into the compartment of the truck; and a loading and unloading mechanism 7 provided on the moving member 6, wherein the loading and unloading mechanism 7 includes a supporting member 71 and a pushing member 72, after the second tilting mechanism 5 is tilted downward, the second tilting mechanism 5 and the supporting member 71 are overlapped in the left-right direction so as to support the vertically stacked cargos together, the supporting member 71 is located in front of the pushing member 72, and the supporting member 71 can move backward relative to the pushing member 72 to unload the cargos on the supporting member 71.

In operation, as shown in fig. 25 to 27, the forklift forks the goods 10 to be loaded or unloaded onto the first turnover mechanism 3, or the first turnover mechanism 3 is connected to the smart storage system, and the smart storage system transports the goods onto the first turnover mechanism 3. After the first turnover mechanism 3 bears the goods, the first turnover mechanism 3 drives the goods to turn upwards, so that the goods are conveyed to the conveying mechanism 4, the conveying mechanism 4 drives the goods to move forwards, the second turnover mechanism 5 is in an upwards turning state at the moment, and the goods on the conveying mechanism 4 are moved to abut against the second turnover mechanism 5. The forklift or the intelligent warehousing system continues to convey the goods to the first turnover mechanism 3, and the processes are circulated until the goods stacked transversely on the second turnover mechanism 5 reach the set quantity. After the number of the goods stacked transversely on the second turnover mechanism 5 reaches the set number, the second turnover mechanism 5 drives the goods stacked transversely to turn over downwards, so as to obtain the goods stacked vertically as shown in fig. 26. At this time, the cargo is supported on the second turnover mechanism 5 and the supporting member 71 at the same time. As shown in fig. 27, the goods bearing of vertical stack is behind bearing component 71, move subassembly 6 forward and move to in the carriage, thereby drive the propelling movement subassembly 72 on the removal subassembly 6, the goods of vertical stack gets into in the carriage on bearing component 71 and the bearing component 71, bearing component 71 dress goods stretches into in the carriage to corresponding loading and unloading position along with moving subassembly 6 after, bearing component 71 moves backward relative propelling movement subassembly 72, it supports the goods on the bearing component 71 to support the bearing component 71 and withdraw from the goods below completely to be equivalent to propelling movement subassembly 72 promptly, thereby accomplish the unloading in the carriage.

Through the cooperation of the first turnover mechanism 3, the conveying mechanism 4 and the second turnover mechanism 5, the stacking of the goods is realized, manual operation is replaced, industrial injury of workers is avoided, and meanwhile, the efficiency of goods stacking and the efficiency of goods loading and unloading are improved.

In the unloading in-process in the carriage, this scheme only upwards removes at the front and back, compare the loading and unloading that the centre gripping was accomplished the goods about using the manipulator, this scheme can place more goods in left and right sides orientation, the width that makes the goods width of stack on the bearing subassembly 71 be close to the carriage, make every loading and unloading once can both fill up carriage width direction space, the space that can make full use of the carriage on the one hand, on the other hand can reduce clearance between goods and the clearance between goods and the carriage, thereby the removal space of restriction goods, effectively prevent that the goods from taking place to empty in the transportation, slip and skew etc. cause the goods to damage.

The width size of bearing subassembly 71 does the adaptability adjustment according to carriage width size for every loading and unloading once can both fill up carriage width direction's space and direction of height's space, and the space of length direction in can cycling is filled up in the carriage several times, has effectively replaced the manual work and has carried out shipment and stack in the carriage, avoids accident such as industrial injury to appear, and has effectively improved the handling efficiency of goods. The support member 71 may be a plate-like structure or a fork-like structure for use with a wooden pallet. The width direction corresponds to the left-right direction, the height direction corresponds to the up-down direction, and the length direction corresponds to the front-back direction. It should be noted that even if the goods are loaded, unloaded and stacked in the carriage manually, the space in the carriage cannot be completely filled by hundreds, a small amount of gaps are allowed in the industry, usually, fillers such as battens, leatheroid or plastics are filled in the gaps, if the fillers are needed, the scheme can be applied to the loading and unloading of the goods stack in the carriage instead of manual work.

The scheme is suitable for loading and unloading of the empty carriages and can also be suitable for loading and unloading of half-empty or partial empty carriages in a batch loading and unloading mode, so that the use is more flexible, and the application range is wider.

The moving assembly 6 extends into the carriage until the moving assembly 6 moves to the unloading position, and then the goods are unloaded through the bearing assembly 71 and the pushing assembly 72 on the moving assembly 6, so that the friction between the goods and the bottom surface of the carriage can be avoided, and the abrasion between the bottom surface of the carriage and the goods is avoided. The moving assembly 6 may be a rack and pinion structure or a rail slider structure, etc.

The supporting member 71 can move backward relative to the pushing member 72, and includes two cases, one is that only the supporting member 71 moves and the pushing member 72 remains stationary, and the other is that both the supporting member 71 and the pushing member 72 move, and both of them have a movement difference, or both of them move reversely. The truck can be a container truck, a container truck and other freight vehicles. As shown in fig. 26, the second turnover mechanism 5 and the supporting component 71 are overlapped in the left-right direction to support the vertically stacked cargos, and may be overlapped or not overlapped in other directions.

The first frame 1 may be arranged to be movable, for example by mounting rollers on the support feet of the first frame 1, so that the first frame 1 may be moved by the rollers into abutment with the bed of the truck. The first frame 1 may be arranged to be inactive, and the first frame 1 may be lifted and moved by a mechanical device or the like so that the first frame 1 abuts against the bed of the truck. The first chassis 1 is preferably arranged to be mobile. The fixed connection of the first frame 1 and the second frame 2 can be threaded connection, welding, integral forming and the like. The first turnover mechanism 3 and the second turnover mechanism 5 are both hinged to the second frame 2, wherein the hinge mode can be that the second frame 2 is fixedly connected with a hinge member for hinging, or a hinge hole is directly formed in the second frame 2, and the hinge holes and the hinge rod are matched to hinge. The conveying mechanism 4 may be a plate chain conveyor, a belt conveyor, a roller conveyor or the like.

Further, after the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over downwards, the second turnover mechanism 5 and the supporting component 71 are also overlapped in the vertical direction so that the two mechanisms support vertically stacked cargos together; the second turnover mechanism 5 includes a second turnover support 51 for supporting the cargo, and the second turnover support 51 is provided with a plurality of passing gaps 52 for allowing the supporting assembly 71 and the pushing assembly 72 to pass through.

Through setting up current clearance 52 on second upset support 51, realize second tilting mechanism 5 and bearing subassembly 71 about the direction with the crisscross mode that sets up of upper and lower direction overlap, when making second tilting mechanism 5 and bearing subassembly 71 can bear the goods on the one hand, reduce bearing subassembly 71, second tilting mechanism 5 and holistic volume greatly, space utilization is high, practices thrift manufacturing cost. On the other hand, the width of the supporting component 71 can be smaller than or equal to the width of the vertically stacked goods. Thus, when the shoe assembly 71 enters the vehicle compartment, the space in the vehicle compartment can be filled in the width direction. The situation that space in the carriage is not full is avoided, so that goods are prone to toppling, sliding, shifting and the like in the road transportation process to cause goods damage, the center of gravity of a freight vehicle is shifted, and great potential safety hazards are brought to vehicle running. Manual rework is also required once the space in the car cannot be fully transferred.

In addition, the second turnover mechanism 5 and the bearing component 71 are overlapped and staggered in the left-right direction and the up-down direction, the goods can be placed on the bearing component 71 only by one-time overturning, the efficiency is high, the speed is high, the moving times of the horizontal direction of the vertical stacking goods can be reduced, the deviation between the goods and the goods in the multiple moving process of the vertical stacking goods is avoided, the space in the carriage cannot be filled, or the loading and unloading process is caused, the goods in the deviation interfere with other goods, the manual adjustment is required, and the stability of the goods loading and unloading process is ensured. The shapes, sizes and numbers of the supporting component 71, the pushing component 72 and the passing gap 52 are adaptively adjusted according to actual use requirements.

Further, the pushing assembly 72 includes a pushing driver 721 and at least one pushing member 722, the pushing driver 721 assembly is in transmission connection with the pushing member 722; the supporting member 71 includes a supporting driving member 711 and at least two second forks 712 for forking the cargo, the supporting driving member 711 is in transmission connection with the second forks 712, when the cargo is unloaded in the compartment of the truck, the supporting driving member 711 drives the second forks 712 to move backward, and the pushing driving member 721 synchronously drives the pushing member 722 to move forward, so as to unload the cargo on the second forks 712; the attaching and detaching mechanism 7 includes a support frame 73 and a hinge drive 74, the support frame 73 is provided on the moving member 6, the hinge drive 74, the pushing member 72, and the supporting member 71 are all provided on the support frame 73, a rear side of the second fork rod 712 is vertically hinged to the support frame 73, and an output end of the hinge drive 74 is in transmission connection with a rear end of the second fork rod 712.

During unloading, the bearing driving component 711 drives the second fork rod 712 to move backwards, the pushing driver 721 drives the pushing member 722 to move forwards, and the second fork rod 712 and the pushing member 722 move simultaneously and move reversely, so that the goods forked on the second fork rod 712 can be quickly unloaded in the carriage. The goods of the lower layer are the goods which are positioned below the goods of the vertical stacking. In addition, the second fork rod 712 and the pushing member 722 move simultaneously, after the second fork rod 712 loaded with the goods extends into the carriage to the corresponding loading and unloading position along with the moving assembly 6, the position of the goods does not change in the whole process of the second fork rod 712 completely withdrawing from the lower part of the goods, and the goods are still in the corresponding loading and unloading position, so that the space in the carriage can be filled.

The second fork 712 is particularly suitable for the handling of goods stacked in advance with wooden pallets. The pushing drive 721 is arranged inside the supporting frame 73, the supporting frame 73 wraps the pushing drive 721, the hinge drive 74 and the pushing drive 721 are cylinders, oil cylinders or electric cylinders and the like, and can be adjusted according to the gravity of the goods, for example, the oil cylinders are adopted when the goods are heavy, and the air cylinders are adopted when the goods are light. The number of the pushing members 722 and the second fork bars 712 can be adjusted adaptively according to actual use requirements, for example, when the weight of goods to be loaded and unloaded is relatively large, the number of the pushing members 722 and the second fork bars 712 can be increased appropriately.

After the second fork rod 712 is hinged to the supporting frame 73, the second fork rod 712 can swing in the up-down direction, and the second fork rod 712 is more flexible to use and has a wider application range. And the second fork 712 can be tilted slightly downward and then moved backward when unloading, further increasing the unloading speed, and avoiding the cargo from shifting when the second fork 712 is pulled away from the bottom surface of the cargo. The second fork 712 and the support frame 73 are hinged in a manner similar to the second tilting mechanism 5 and the second frame 2, and preferably, the support frame 73 is directly provided with a hinge hole, so that the entire width of the mounting and dismounting mechanism 7 can be smaller.

Furthermore, a plurality of first fork rods 53 for supporting the goods are arranged on the second overturning bracket 51, and the passing gaps 52 are arranged among the plurality of first fork rods 53; the support assembly 71 further includes a support plate 713, the support plate 713 being removably attachable to both the first fork bar 53 and the second fork bar 712, the support plate 713 being positioned above at least one of the first fork bar 53 and the second fork bar 712 such that: before the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned downward, the supporting plate 713 is mounted on the first fork rod 53 to support the cargo; after the second tilting mechanism 5 is tilted downward, the supporting plate 713 is mounted on the first fork rod 53 and the second fork rod 712 to support the cargo; when the moving assembly 6 moves the second fork 712 forward, the supporting plate 713 is mounted on the second fork 712 to transfer the goods into the wagon compartment. At least 2 first fork arms 53 are provided.

As shown in fig. 28 to 30, when the support plate 713 is not provided, the first and

second forks

53 and 712 are respectively shown in the turning process of the second turnover mechanism 5, the overlapping process of the second turnover mechanism 5 with the support member 71, and the transfer process of the support member 71 into the vehicle compartment. Before the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over and when the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over downwards, the goods are abutted to the first fork rod 53. After the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned downward, the goods are simultaneously abutted with the first fork rod 53 and the second fork rod 712. When the racking assembly 71 transports the load into the vehicle compartment, the load abuts only the second fork 712. After the second fork rod 712 unloads the goods, the moving component 6 drives the second fork rod 712 to reset and move backwards until the second fork rod 712 and the first fork rod 53 are arranged in a staggered manner in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. And when the next round of goods is loaded and unloaded, the processes are circulated.

As shown in fig. 31 to 33, when the support plate 713 is disposed, the first and

second forks

53 and 712 are respectively shown in the turning process of the second turnover mechanism 5, the overlapping process of the second turnover mechanism 5 with the supporting member 71, and the process of transporting the load into the vehicle compartment by the supporting member 71. Before the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over and when the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over downward, the goods are loaded on the supporting plate 713 installed on the first fork rod 53. After the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned downward, the goods are simultaneously carried on the supporting plate 713 mounted on the first fork bar 53 and the second fork bar 712. When the holding unit 71 transports the load into the vehicle compartment, the load is held only by the holding plate 713 attached to the second fork 712. After the supporting plate 713 unloads the goods, the moving component 6 drives the second fork rod 712 and the supporting plate 713 to reset and move backwards until the second fork rod 712 and the first fork rod 53 are overlapped and staggered in the left-right direction and the up-down direction. During the backward movement, the supporting plate 713 is again mounted on the first fork 53 and the second fork 712 simultaneously, and when the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned upwards and reset, the first fork 53 and the supporting plate 713 are driven to turn upwards, so that the supporting plate 713 is separated from the second fork 712. And when the next round of goods is loaded and unloaded, the processes are circulated.

Because there is a gap between the first fork bar 53 and between the second fork bar 712 and the second fork bar 712, the supporting plate 713 is installed on the first fork bar 53 and the second fork bar 712 to make the contact surface for supporting the cargo a complete plane, and the supporting plate 713 is used to support the cargo, especially for loading and unloading the bulk cargo. The supporting plate 713, the first fork rod 53 and the second fork rod 712 can be detached and installed, can be freely switched according to the types of goods to be loaded and unloaded, and is flexible to use. The detachable connection of the supporting plate 713 with the first fork rod 53 and the second fork rod 712 may be a screw connection, a snap connection, or the like, and preferably, the snap connection is adopted, so as to facilitate the installation and detachment during the use. Bulk cargo refers to cargo that is not supported by a stack of wooden pallets. The first fork rod 53 and the second fork rod 712 share one supporting plate 713, and the goods are always positioned on the supporting plate 713 during the two processes of turning over and supporting the assembly 71 by the second turnover mechanism 5 into the carriage for unloading. The passage gap 52 is smaller than the length of the goods in the left-right direction, and the goods are prevented from falling from the passage gap 52.

Further, the first fixing members 7121 having a shape of being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom are provided on both the left and right sides of the second crotch 712, the fixing units corresponding to the second crotch 712 one by one are provided on the bottom surface of the support plate 713, the fixing units include two second fixing members 7131 provided to face each other, both the second fixing members 7131 have a shape of being narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, and the distance W1 between the two second fixing members 7131 in one fixing unit is not less than the distance W2 between the left and right sides of the second crotch 712, so that the first fixing members 7121 are engaged with the second fixing members 7131 when the support plate 713 is mounted to the second crotch 712.

As shown in FIG. 4, W1 ≧ W2, so that when the second fork 712 and the support plate 713 are attached, the first fixing section 7121 is engaged with the second fixing section 7131, and the first fixing section 7121 with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part and the second fixing section 7131 with a narrow lower part and a wide upper part facilitate the rapid attachment of the support plate 713 to the second fork 712 in the vertical direction.

Further, a guide face 71211, a first vertical face 71212, a first inclined face 71213 and a second vertical face 71214 are sequentially disposed on one face of the first fixing member 7121, which is close to the second fixing member 7131, from top to bottom, a third vertical face 71311, a second inclined face 71312 and a fourth vertical face are sequentially disposed on one face of the second fixing member 7131, which is close to the first fixing member 7121, from top to bottom, such that after the first fixing member 7121 and the second fixing member 7131 are engaged, the first vertical face 71212 abuts against the third vertical face 71311, the first inclined face 71213 abuts against the second inclined face 71312, and the second vertical face 71214 abuts against the fourth vertical face.

By arranging the first vertical face 71212, the first inclined face 71213 and the second vertical face 71214 to abut against the third vertical face 71311, the second inclined face 71312 and the fourth vertical face, the connection between the support plate 713 and the second fork 712 is stable and not easy to loosen and fall off during the back and forth movement, the first fixing part 7121 and the second fixing part 7131 can be conveniently clamped in the up and down direction through the guide face 71211, and when the support plate 713 needs to be dismounted from the second fork 712, the support plate 713 can be separated from the second fork 712 only by pulling the support plate 713 upwards.

The bottom surface of the supporting plate 713 is provided with a guide 7136, the guide 7136 is positioned at the front side of the second fork 712, and the guide 7136 is in a shape of being narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. When the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over downwards, the guide 7136 facilitates the installation of the supporting plate 713 and the second fork bar 712, and the guide 7136 is in a shape that the lower part is narrow and the upper part is wide, so that the guide function is achieved.

Further, an abutting portion 7132 is formed to extend downward from a lower surface of the support plate 713 such that the abutting portion 7132 abuts a front end of the first fork bar 53 when the support plate 713 is mounted to the first fork bar 53.

The contact portion 7132 contacts with the front end of the first yoke 53, thereby improving the stability of the two when they are mounted. Especially, when the second turnover mechanism 5 drives the first fork rod 53 to turn upwards, the abutting portion 7132 can better prevent the supporting plate 713 from sliding off during the process of turning upwards. The stability of the operation of the equipment is ensured.

Furthermore, the lower surface of the support plate 713 is provided with an insertion unit corresponding to the first fork bar 53 one by one, the insertion unit includes at least two insertion connectors 7133 arranged oppositely, the two insertion connectors 7133 are both narrow at the back and wide at the front, an insertion gap 7134 is left between the two insertion connectors 7133, the width W3 of the insertion gap 7134 is not less than the width W4 between the left side and the right side of the first fork bar 53, so that when the support plate 713 is installed on the first fork bar 53, the first fork bar 53 is inserted into the insertion gap 7134.

The connector 7133 facilitates the installation of the support plate 713 with the first yoke 53 while preventing the first yoke 53 and the support plate 713 from being shifted in the left-right direction. By providing the plug-in member 7133 and the plug-in gap 7134, it is convenient to remount the supporting plate 713 on the first fork rod 53 while moving backward when the second fork rod 712 unloads the goods and returns backward, and the mounting efficiency is high. When it is necessary to detach the support plate 713 from the first fork bar 53, the support plate 713 can be separated from the first fork bar 53 by simply pulling the support plate 713 forward.

Further, the bottom surface of the front end of the support plate 713 is provided with an inclined member 7135 for facilitating the unloading of the support plate 713 from the inside of the freight box of the truck to the lower side of the freight, and the inclined member 7135 is inclined downward from the front to the rear.

The inclined piece 7135 facilitates the bearing plate 713 to be withdrawn from the lower part of the goods when the goods are placed down along the second fork rod 712, so that the bearing plate 713 is prevented from being scratched and abraded with the bottom surface of the carriage in the process of withdrawing from the lower part of the goods, the front end of the bearing plate 713 is prevented from being abraded, the bottom surface of the carriage is prevented from being damaged, and the service life of the bearing plate 713 is prolonged.

Further, the moving assembly 6 includes a first rotary drive 61, a first gear 62, a first rack 63, a first guide rail 64, a moving bracket 65, and a plurality of first sliders 66, at least two of the first gear 62, the first rack 63, and the first guide rail 64 are provided, the first guide rail 64 is provided on the first frame 1 in the front-rear direction, the first sliders 66 are provided on the first guide rail 64 in a sliding manner, the moving bracket 65 is provided on the first slider 66, the first racks 63 are provided on the outer side walls of the left and right sides of the moving bracket 65, the first rotary drive 61 is provided on the first frame 1, the first gear 62 is connected to the output end of the first rotary drive 61 in a transmission manner, and the first gear 62 is engaged with the first racks 63.

The movement of the moving bracket 65 can be stably controlled through the first guide rail 64, the first slider 66, the first gear 62 and the first rack 63, the moving track of the moving bracket 65 can be ensured not to deviate through the first guide rail 64 and the first slider 66, and the stroke of the moving bracket 65 can be accurately controlled through the first gear 62 and the first rack 63. In operation, the first rotary drive 61 rotates the first gear 62, thereby moving the first rack 63, the moving bracket 65, and the bracket holder along the first guide rail 64. The left side and the right side of the bottom surface of the front end of the movable support 65 are provided with a plurality of movable wheels 67, so that the movable support 65 is convenient to move in the carriage, the abrasion between the movable support 65 and the carriage is reduced, and the service life of the movable support 65 is prolonged. And the moving wheels 67 are disposed at the bottom surface of the moving bracket 65 in an embedded manner to reduce the height of the moving wheels 67 and the moving bracket 65, so that the space in the vehicle compartment can be filled with goods more easily. The moving wheel 67 is a roller.

Further, the bearing driving assembly 711 includes a second rotary driving assembly 7111, a second gear 7112, a second rack 7113, a second guide rail 7114, and a plurality of second sliding blocks 7115, where at least two of the second gear 7112, the second rack 7113, and the second guide rail 7114 are provided, the second guide rail 7114 is disposed on the moving bracket 65 along a front-rear direction, the second sliding blocks 7115 are slidably disposed on the second guide rail 7114, the supporting frame 73 is disposed on the second sliding blocks 7115, the second rack 7113 is disposed on the inner sidewalls of the left and right sides of the moving bracket 65, the second rotary driving assembly 7111 is disposed on the supporting frame 73, the second gear 7112 is in transmission connection with the output end of the second rotary driving assembly 7111, and the second gear 7112 is engaged with the second rack 7113.

The movement of the support frame 73 can be stably controlled through the second guide rail 7114, the second sliding block 7115, the second gear 7112 and the second rack 7113, the moving track of the support frame 73 can be guaranteed not to deviate through the second guide rail 7114 and the second sliding block 7115, and the stroke of the support frame 73 can be accurately controlled through the second gear 7112 and the second rack 7113. In operation, the second rotary drive 7111 drives the second gear 7112 to rotate, thereby driving the second rack 7113, the support bracket 73, and the supporting member 71 and the pushing member 72 on the support bracket 73 to move along the second guide rail 7114.

Further, the first turnover mechanism 3 includes a first turnover support 31 and a first turnover drive 32, a first portion 311 and a second portion 312 of the first turnover support 31 are disposed at an angle with an opening facing backwards, the second portion 312 is hinged to the second rack 2, the first turnover drive 32 is disposed on the first rack 1, and an output end of the first turnover drive 32 is in transmission connection with the second portion 312; the second portion 312 is provided with a first rolling assembly 33, the first rolling assembly 33 includes a fourth rotary drive 331, a first transmission belt 332 and a plurality of rolling units, each rolling unit includes a roller 333, a transmission rod 334 and two first transmission wheels 335, the roller 333 is sleeved on the transmission rod 334, the transmission rod 334 is rotatably provided on the second portion 312, the two first transmission wheels 335 are respectively sleeved on two ends of the transmission rod 334, at least two first transmission belts 332 are provided, the first transmission belts 332 are wound on output ends of the plurality of first transmission wheels 335 and the fourth rotary drive 331, and when goods are placed on the first portion 311, the roller 333 is abutted against the goods; the third portion 511 and the fourth portion 512 of the second turning bracket 51 are arranged with an included angle that the opening faces forward, a second rolling assembly is arranged on the fourth portion 512, the second rolling assembly has the same structure as the first rolling assembly 33, and the height H1 of the fourth portion 512 is greater than the height H2 of the second portion 312.

The first portion 311 and the second portion 312 are preferably vertically arranged, when the first portion 311 and the second portion 312 are vertically arranged, the first portion 311 is parallel to the ground, so that a forklift or an intelligent warehousing system can convey goods to the first portion 311, and then the first overturning drive 32 drives the second portion 312 to overturn upwards, so that the first portion 311 and the goods are driven to overturn upwards. The third portion 511 and the fourth portion 512 are preferably arranged at an included angle of 85 ° to 89 ° with the opening facing forward, so that the third portion 511 is tilted upward slightly, and the third portion 511 is tilted upward, on one hand, when the second turnover mechanism 5 drives the first fork rod 53 to turn upward, the first fork rod 53 can hook the supporting plate 713 upward, and the supporting plate 713 is separated from the second fork rod 712. On the other hand, when the second turnover mechanism 5 drives the first fork rod 53 and the transversely stacked goods to be turned downwards together, under the action of gravity, the raised third part 511 can improve the grabbing force and the friction force of the goods, and the stability of the goods in the turnover process is ensured. Through the cooperation of first tilting mechanism 3, conveying mechanism 4 and second tilting mechanism 5, realize the vertical stack of goods, avoid the workman to appear industrial injury, improve cargo handling efficiency. The height H1 of the fourth portion 512 is greater than the height H2 of the second portion 312. The fourth portion 512 is effective for stacking cargo and provides support for cargo that is positioned above after being flipped when flipped. The height of H1 is adaptively adjusted according to the height in the vehicle cabin. Before the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over downwards, the fourth part 512 is flush with the conveying mechanism 4 to support the goods, at the moment, the second part 312 faces upwards to abut against the goods, the goods conveyed by the conveying mechanism 4 are increased, so that the goods are stacked transversely on the fourth part 512, and the goods stacked vertically can be obtained after the second turnover mechanism 5 is turned over downwards.

The first rolling assemblies 33 are arranged on the second portion 312 and the second rolling assemblies are arranged on the fourth portion 512, so that the goods conveying efficiency is further improved, and the goods are prevented from being stuck on the second portion 312 and the fourth portion 512. The first driving belt 332 and the driving belt 43 are belts or chains, preferably chains.

Further, the turnover device also comprises a movable turnover material protection mechanism 8, wherein the turnover material protection mechanism 8 is used for supporting the goods from the left side and the right side when the goods are turned over, and the turnover material protection mechanism 8 is arranged on one side, close to the first turnover mechanism 3 and/or the second turnover mechanism 5, of the second rack 2; the material overturning and protecting mechanism 8 comprises a first clamping assembly 81 and a second clamping assembly 82, the first clamping assembly 81 comprises a first clamping arm 811, a material protecting plate 812 and a first clamping drive 813, the first clamping arm 811 comprises a first section 8111 and a second section 8112, the first section 8111 and the second section 8112 are arranged in an included angle with an opening facing towards goods, the material protecting plate 812 is connected with the first section 8111, the second section 8112 is hinged with the second rack 2, and the lower side of the second section 8112 is in transmission connection with the first clamping drive 813, so that the material protecting plate 812 is driven by the first clamping drive 813 to be close to or far away from the goods; the second clamping units 82 have the same structure as the first clamping units 81 and are symmetrically disposed at the left and right sides of the goods.

First tilting mechanism 3 and second tilting mechanism 5 all can set up the upset and protect material mechanism 8, and when first centre gripping drive 813 of first centre gripping subassembly 81 and second centre gripping subassembly 82 was flexible, drive respective first arm lock 811 and fender board 812 and be close to or keep away from the left and right sides of goods in order to support the goods, avoid the goods to drop from the left and right sides at the upset in-process. First section 8111 and second section 8112 are the opening towards the contained angle setting of goods, can provide bigger holding power when pushing against the goods.

Further, the conveying mechanism 4 includes a third rotary drive 41, a second transmission wheel 42, a transmission bar 43, a main transmission shaft 44, a secondary transmission shaft 45 and a plurality of chain plates 46, at least one of the main transmission shaft 44 and the secondary transmission shaft 45 is provided, the main transmission shaft 44 and the secondary transmission shaft 45 are rotatably connected to the second frame 2, the third rotary drive 41 is provided on the second frame 2, the third rotary drive 41 is in transmission connection with the main transmission shaft 44, at least four of the second transmission wheels 42 are provided, the main transmission shaft 44 and the secondary transmission shaft 45 are respectively sleeved with the second transmission wheels 42, at least two transmission bars 43 are provided, the transmission bars 43 are wound on the second transmission wheels 42 of the main transmission shaft 44 and the second transmission wheels 42 of the secondary transmission shafts 45, and two ends of the chain plates 46 are respectively fixedly connected to the two transmission bars 43.

The third rotary driver 41 drives the main transmission shaft 44 to rotate, so as to drive the second transmission wheel 42 on the main transmission shaft 44, the transmission strip 43, the second transmission wheel 42 on the auxiliary transmission shaft 45 and the chain plate 46 to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of conveying goods.

Still be equipped with a supporting beam 47 on the second frame 2, supporting beam 47's both ends all with second frame 2 fixed connection, supporting beam 47 is located the below of link joint 46 and drive strip 43, is equipped with spout 471 on supporting beam 47, and drive strip 43 slides and sets up on spout 471. Through setting up supporting beam 47 and spout 471, for drive strip 43 and link joint 46 provide the up-and-down ascending holding power, make the bearing capacity of link joint 46 promote greatly, can be suitable for the transport of heavy weight goods.

Further, the wood tray removing device comprises a wood tray removing mechanism 9 for removing a wood tray, the wood tray removing mechanism 9 comprises a third frame 91, a third guide rail 92, a third slider 93, a moving seat 94, a moving plate 95, a first lifting drive 96, a second clamping drive 97, a movable arm 98, a fixed arm 910 and a horizontal drive assembly 99, the third frame 91 is fixedly connected with the first frame 1, the third frame 91 is positioned above the conveying mechanism 4, at least two third guide rails 92 are arranged on the third frame 91, at least two groups of the third sliders 93 are arranged on the third frame 93, two groups of the third sliders 93 are respectively movably mounted on the third guide rail 92, the moving seat 94 is arranged on the third slider 93, the first lifting drive 96 is arranged on the moving seat 94, an output end of the first lifting drive 96 is downward and is connected with the moving plate 95, at least one movable arm 98 and at least one fixed arm 910 are arranged on the lower surface of the moving plate 95, the movable arm 98 and the moving plate 910 are hinged, the second clamping drive 97 is connected with the movable arm 98, and the movable arm 910 is far away from the moving arm 97, so that the movable arm 910 or the movable arm 910 is close to the movable arm 97; the horizontal driving assembly 99 includes a second transmission belt 991, a third transmission wheel 992, a fourth transmission wheel 993, a horizontal transmission main shaft 994, a horizontal transmission counter shaft 995, and a fifth rotation drive 996, the fifth rotation drive 996 is provided on the third frame 91, the horizontal transmission main shaft 994 and the horizontal transmission counter shaft 995 are respectively rotatably provided on the third frame 91, at least one of the third transmission wheel 992, the fourth transmission wheel 993, and the second transmission belt 991 is provided, the third transmission wheel 992 is sleeved on the horizontal transmission main shaft 994, the fourth transmission wheel 993 is sleeved on the horizontal transmission counter shaft 995, the second transmission belt 991 is wound on the third transmission wheel 992 and the fourth transmission wheel 993, the moving seat 94 is fixedly connected with the second transmission belt 991 through a connecting member, and the fifth rotation drive 996 is in transmission connection with the horizontal transmission main shaft 994.

The wooden block refers to a wooden supporting plate, and is usually used for supporting goods in order to conveniently load and unload the goods. And when some manufacturers deliver goods, the goods are loaded into the carriage together with the wooden support, and after the goods in the carriage are completely unloaded together with the wooden support, the last wooden support left over is loaded into the carriage again and sent to the manufacturers for recycling. This manner of shipping the pallets and goods together is only suitable for fixed manufacturers and distributors. If the wooden support is not fixed by a manufacturer and a distributor, the wooden support cannot be recycled, so that the consumption of the wooden support of the manufacturer is high, and the transportation cost is high. Consequently, remove the wooden block that wooden block mechanism 9 got rid of the bearing goods through the setting, can load more goods after getting rid of the wooden block on the one hand, on the other hand can avoid a large amount of wooden block consumptions, reduction in production cost.

When the wooden support removing mechanism 9 is arranged above the conveying mechanism 4, when the wooden support needs to be removed, the fifth rotary drive 996 drives the horizontal transmission main shaft 994 to rotate, so as to drive the third transmission wheel 992, the second transmission belt 991, the fourth transmission wheel 993 and the horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft 995 to rotate, so as to drive the moving seat 94 to move along the third guide rail 92, the moving plate 95 can move up and down relative to the moving seat 94 through the first lifting drive 96, the moving plate 95 is provided with the movable arm 98 and the fixed arm 910, the movable arm 98 is hinged with the fixed arm 910, the first lifting drive 96 drives the moving plate 95 and the movable arm 98 and the fixed arm 910 thereon to move downwards, the second clamping drive 97 drives the movable arm 98 to be close to the fixed arm 910 to clamp the wooden support, after the wooden support is clamped, the fifth rotary drive 996 drives the movable arm 98, the fixed arm 910 and the wooden support to move downwards after the wooden support is clamped, so as to loosen the wooden support from the conveying mechanism 4. The connecting piece can be a fixing buckle or a belt buckle and the like. The third guide rail 92 is provided in the left-right direction. The second belt 991 is a belt or a chain.

Furthermore, the legs and the bottom surface of the first frame 1 are further provided with a second lifting drive 101, and the legs are provided with movable universal wheels 102. The front, back, left and right positions are adjusted through the universal wheels 102, the upper and lower positions are adjusted through the second lifting drive 101, and the first rack 1 can be quickly adjusted to adapt to the position of a boxcar, so that the use is more convenient. The second lifting drive 101 is a cylinder, oil cylinder, or the like. The left and right sides of the front end of first frame 1 still is equipped with retaining member 103, and it is fixed with the locking of boxcar through retaining member 103, prevents that the two of handling process from taking place the skew, guarantees the stability of handling process. The locking member 103 may be a snap, hook, claw, arm, or the like. First rotary drive 61, second rotary drive 7111, third rotary drive 41, fourth rotary drive 331, and fifth rotary drive 996 are motors. The first tilting drive 32, the first clamping drive 813, the first lifting drive 96 and the second clamping drive 97 are air cylinders or oil cylinders, and oil cylinders are preferably used.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo stack handling structure, comprising:

a first frame (1) which is abutted against a carriage of a truck when in use;

the second rack (2) is fixedly connected with the first rack (1) and is positioned above the first rack (1), a first turnover mechanism (3), a conveying mechanism (4) and a second turnover mechanism (5) are sequentially arranged on the second rack (2) from back to front, the first turnover mechanism (3) and the second turnover mechanism (5) are hinged to the second rack (2), the conveying mechanism (4) is movably arranged on the second rack (2), so that the goods are turned upwards through the first turnover mechanism (3) and move onto the conveying mechanism (4), the conveying mechanism (4) drives the goods to move forwards and transversely stack on the second turnover mechanism (5), and the goods stacked vertically are obtained through downward turning of the second turnover mechanism (5);

the moving assembly (6) is movably arranged on the first rack (1), the moving assembly (6) is positioned below the second turnover mechanism (5), and the moving assembly (6) can move to and fro into a carriage of the truck;

the loading and unloading mechanism (7) is arranged on the moving component (6), the loading and unloading mechanism (7) comprises a supporting component (71) and a pushing component (72), after the second turnover mechanism (5) is turned downwards, the second turnover mechanism (5) and the supporting component (71) are overlapped in the left and right directions to enable the two to jointly support vertically stacked cargos, the supporting component (71) is located in front of the pushing component (72), and the supporting component (71) can move backwards relative to the pushing component (72) so as to unload the cargos on the supporting component (71).

2. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 1, wherein: after the second turnover mechanism (5) is turned downwards, the second turnover mechanism (5) and the bearing component (71) are also overlapped in the vertical direction so as to jointly bear vertically stacked cargos;

the second turnover mechanism (5) comprises a second turnover support (51) used for supporting cargoes, and a plurality of passing gaps (52) for the supporting component (71) and the pushing component (72) to pass are formed in the second turnover support (51).

3. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 2, wherein: the pushing assembly (72) comprises a pushing drive (721) and at least one pushing piece (722), and the pushing drive (721) assembly is in transmission connection with the pushing piece (722); the supporting component (71) comprises a supporting driving component (711) and at least two second fork rods (712) for forking cargos, the supporting driving component (711) is in transmission connection with the second fork rods (712), when the cargos are unloaded in the carriage of the truck, the supporting driving component (711) drives the second fork rods (712) to move backwards, and the pushing driving component (721) synchronously drives the pushing component (722) to move forwards so as to unload cargos on the second fork rods (712);

the assembling and disassembling mechanism (7) comprises a supporting frame (73) and an articulated drive (74), the supporting frame (73) is arranged on the moving component (6), the articulated drive (74), the pushing component (72) and the supporting component (71) are arranged on the supporting frame (73), the rear side of the second fork rod (712) is articulated with the supporting frame (73) in the vertical direction, and the output end of the articulated drive (74) is in transmission connection with the rear end of the second fork rod (712).

4. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 3, wherein: a plurality of first fork rods (53) for supporting cargos are arranged on the second overturning bracket (51), and the passing gaps (52) are arranged among the first fork rods (53);

the racking assembly (71) further comprises a support plate (713), the support plate (713) being removably mountable to both the first fork bar (53) and the second fork bar (712), the support plate (713) being positioned above at least one of the first fork bar (53) and the second fork bar (712) such that:

before the second turnover mechanism (5) is turned downwards, the supporting plate (713) is arranged on the first fork rod (53) to support cargoes;

after the second turnover mechanism (5) is turned downwards, the supporting plate (713) is arranged on the first fork rod (53) and the second fork rod (712) to support cargoes;

when the moving assembly (6) drives the second fork rod (712) to move forwards, the bearing plate (713) is installed on the second fork rod (712) to convey goods into a compartment of the truck.

5. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 4, wherein: the left side and the right side of the second fork rod (712) are respectively provided with a first fixing piece (7121) which is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the bottom surface of the bearing plate (713) is provided with a fixing unit which corresponds to the second fork rod (712) one by one, the fixing unit comprises two second fixing pieces (7131) which are arranged oppositely, the two second fixing pieces (7131) are both narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, and the distance W1 between the two second fixing pieces (7131) in one fixing unit is larger than or equal to the distance W2 between the left side and the right side of the second fork rod (712), so that when the bearing plate (713) is installed on the second fork rod (712), the first fixing pieces (7121) are clamped with the second fixing pieces (7131).

6. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 5, wherein: first mounting (7121) is close to the one side of second mounting (7131) is from last to being equipped with spigot surface (71211), first vertical face (71212), first inclined plane (71213) and the vertical face of second (71214) down in proper order, second mounting (7131) is close to the one side of first mounting (7121) is from last to being equipped with third vertical face (71311), second inclined plane (71312) and the vertical face of fourth down in proper order, makes first mounting (7121) with behind second mounting (7131) the block, first vertical face (71212) with the butt of the vertical face of third (71311), first inclined plane (71213) with butt of second inclined plane (71312), the vertical face of second (71214) with the butt of the vertical face of fourth.

7. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 4, wherein: the lower surface of the support plate (713) extends downwards to form an abutting part (7132), so that when the support plate (713) is installed on the first fork rod (53), the abutting part (7132) abuts against the front end of the first fork rod (53).

8. A stack loading and unloading structure for goods as claimed in claim 4 or 7, wherein: the lower surface of the bearing plate (713) is provided with inserting units which correspond to the first fork rods (53) one by one, each inserting unit comprises at least two oppositely arranged inserting pieces (7133), the two inserting pieces (7133) are both narrow at the back and wide at the front, an inserting gap (7134) is reserved between the two inserting pieces (7133), the width W3 of the inserting gap (7134) is larger than or equal to the width W4 between the left side and the right side of the first fork rods (53), and therefore when the bearing plate (713) is installed on the first fork rods (53), the first fork rods (53) are inserted into the inserting gap (7134).

9. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 3, wherein: the movable assembly (6) comprises a first rotary drive (61), a first gear (62), a first rack (63), a first guide rail (64), a movable support (65) and a plurality of first sliding blocks (66), wherein the first gear (62), the first rack (63) and the first guide rail (64) are at least provided with two, the first guide rail (64) is arranged on the first rack (1) along the front-back direction, the first sliding blocks (66) are arranged on the first guide rail (64) in a sliding mode, the movable support (65) is arranged on the first sliding blocks (66), the first rack (63) is arranged on the outer side wall of the left side and the outer side of the movable support (65), the first rotary drive (61) is arranged on the first rack (1), the first gear (62) is in transmission connection with the output end of the first rotary drive (61), and the first gear (62) is meshed with the first rack (63).

10. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 9, wherein: the bearing driving assembly (711) comprises a second rotary driving device (7111), a second gear (7112), a second rack (7113), a second guide rail (7114) and a plurality of second sliding blocks (7115), wherein the second gear (7112), the second rack (7113) and the second guide rail (7114) are at least provided with two, the second guide rail (7114) is arranged on the movable support (65) in the front-back direction, the second sliding blocks (7115) are arranged on the second guide rail (7114) in a sliding mode, the support frame (73) is arranged on the second sliding blocks (7115), the second rack (7113) is arranged on the inner side wall of the left side and the inner side wall of the movable support (65), the second rotary driving device (7111) is arranged on the support frame (73), the second gear (7112) is in transmission connection with the output end of the second rotary driving device (7111), and the second gear (7112) is meshed with the second rack (7113).

11. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 2, wherein: the first turnover mechanism (3) comprises a first turnover support (31) and a first turnover drive (32), a first part (311) and a second part (312) of the first turnover support (31) are arranged at an included angle with an opening facing backwards, the second part (312) is hinged with the second rack (2), the first turnover drive (32) is arranged on the first rack (1), and the output end of the first turnover drive (32) is in transmission connection with the second part (312);

the second part (312) is provided with a first rolling assembly (33), the first rolling assembly (33) comprises a fourth rotary drive (331), a first transmission belt (332) and a plurality of rolling units, each rolling unit comprises a rolling shaft (333), a transmission rod (334) and two first transmission wheels (335), the rolling shafts (333) are sleeved on the transmission rods (334), the transmission rods (334) are rotatably arranged on the second part (312), the two first transmission wheels (335) are respectively sleeved at two ends of the transmission rods (334), at least two first transmission belts (332) are arranged, the first transmission belts (332) are wound on the output ends of the first transmission wheels (335) and the fourth rotary drive (331), and when goods are placed on the first part (311), the rolling shafts (333) are abutted to the goods;

third part (511) and fourth part (512) of second upset support (51) are opening contained angle setting forward, be equipped with the second rolling subassembly on fourth part (512), the second rolling subassembly with the structure of first rolling subassembly (33) is the same, the height H1 of fourth part (512) > the height H2 of second part (312).

12. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 1, wherein: the turnover protection mechanism (8) is used for supporting cargoes from the left side and the right side when the cargoes are turned over, and the turnover protection mechanism (8) is arranged on one side, close to the first turnover mechanism (3) and/or the second turnover mechanism (5), of the second rack (2);

the overturning material protecting mechanism (8) comprises a first clamping assembly (81) and a second clamping assembly (82), the first clamping assembly (81) comprises a first clamping arm (811), a material protecting plate (812) and a first clamping driving mechanism (813), the first clamping arm (811) comprises a first section (8111) and a second section (8112), the first section (8111) and the second section (8112) are arranged in an included angle with an opening facing towards the goods, the material protecting plate (812) is connected with the first section (8111), the second section (8112) is hinged with the second rack (2), and the lower side of the second section (8112) is in transmission connection with the first clamping driving mechanism (813), so that the material protecting plate (812) is close to or far away from the goods under the driving of the first clamping driving mechanism (813);

the second clamping assembly (82) and the first clamping assembly (81) are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the goods.

13. A cargo stack handling structure according to claim 1, wherein: conveying mechanism (4) include third rotary drive (41), second drive wheel (42), transmission strip (43), final drive shaft (44), auxiliary transmission shaft (45) and a plurality of link joint (46), final drive shaft (44) with auxiliary transmission shaft (45) all are equipped with one at least, final drive shaft (44) with auxiliary transmission shaft (45) all with second frame (2) rotate to be connected, third rotary drive (41) are located on second frame (2), third rotary drive (41) with final drive shaft (44) transmission is connected, second drive wheel (42) are equipped with four at least, second drive wheel (42) overlap respectively locate final drive shaft (44) with on auxiliary transmission shaft (45), transmission strip (43) are equipped with two at least, transmission strip (43) around locating final drive shaft (44) second drive wheel (42) with on auxiliary transmission shaft (45), the both ends of transmission strip (46) respectively with two fixed connection strip (43).

14. A stack of goods handling structure according to claim 1, wherein: the wood tray removing mechanism (9) is used for removing wood trays, the wood tray removing mechanism (9) comprises a third rack (91), a third guide rail (92), a third sliding block (93), a moving seat (94), a moving plate (95), a first lifting drive (96), a second clamping drive (97), a moving arm (98), a fixed arm (910) and a horizontal drive assembly (99), the third rack (91) is fixedly connected with the first rack (1), the third rack (91) is positioned above the conveying mechanism (4), at least two third guide rails (92) are arranged on the third rack (91), at least two groups of third sliding blocks (93) are arranged on the third sliding blocks (93), the two groups of third sliding blocks (93) are movably arranged on the third guide rails (92) respectively, the moving seat (94) is arranged on the third sliding blocks (93), the first lifting drive (96) is arranged on the moving seat (94), the output end of the first lifting drive (96) is downward and is connected with the moving plate (95), at least one movable arm (95) and at least one movable arm (98) is hinged with the fixed arm (98), and at least one movable arm (98) is arranged on the fixed arm (98), the second clamping drive (97) is in transmission connection with the movable arm (98), so that the movable arm (98) is driven by the second clamping drive (97) to approach or move away from the fixed arm (910);

the horizontal driving assembly (99) comprises a second transmission belt (991), a third transmission wheel (992), a fourth transmission wheel (993), a horizontal transmission main shaft (994), a horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft (995) and a fifth rotary drive (996), the fifth rotary drive (996) is arranged on the third rack (91), the horizontal transmission main shaft (994) and the horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft (995) are respectively and rotatably arranged on the third rack (91), the third transmission wheel (992), the fourth transmission wheel (993) and the second transmission belt (991) are at least provided with one, the third transmission wheel (992) is sleeved on the horizontal transmission main shaft (994), the fourth transmission wheel (993) is sleeved on the horizontal transmission auxiliary shaft (995), the second transmission belt (991) is wound on the third transmission wheel (992) and the fourth transmission wheel (993), the movable seat (94) is fixedly connected with the second transmission belt (991) through a connecting piece, and the fifth rotary drive (996) is connected with the horizontal transmission main shaft (994).