CN115845892A - N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN115845892A
CN115845892A CN202210734489.XA CN202210734489A CN115845892A CN 115845892 A CN115845892 A CN 115845892A CN 202210734489 A CN202210734489 A CN 202210734489A CN 115845892 A CN115845892 A CN 115845892A
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陆国平
张雪萍
杨盟
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Hainan Huarui Pharmaceutical Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom comprises the following steps: mixing 2-methylimidazole, aniline, ammonia water and thiourea, and dispersing in a solvent to obtain a first mixture; mixing a zinc nitrate aqueous solution with the first mixture, performing ball milling dispersion to obtain a second mixture, washing, drying to obtain a precursor, and calcining under an inert atmosphere to obtain the zinc nitrate aqueous solution; controlling the feeding molar ratio of 2-methylimidazole, aniline, thiourea and zinc nitrate to be 2-6: 0.5-1.5: 1, and controlling the feeding molar ratio of ammonia to zinc nitrate in the ammonia water to be 2.5-12: 1; the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom shows excellent activity in an N-alkylation reaction of arylamine and alcohol, can be used as a catalyst to synthesize an amine compound with high efficiency, low cost and milder reaction conditions, and is high in stability and recoverable.

Description

N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of organic synthesis and monatomic catalysts, in particular to a N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monatomic, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The amine compound is a central compound in the chemical field, and has wide application in the aspects of agricultural chemicals, medicines, catalytic ligands, dyes and bioactive compounds. The alcohol is used as an alkylating reagent and reacts with the amine by a hydrogen strategy to only generate water as a byproduct, so that the method is environment-friendly for preparing the amine compound.
In this context, catalytic systems such as Ru, ir, pd, etc. were first applied (ACS Catal6 2613,3,6, 565-511) (Green Chem62617,19, 3142-3161) (Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 2622,666, 1346-1361), and then the hydrogen borrowing ability of metals such as Fe, co, mn, mo, W, etc. was also explored (Org 6 Lett 2616,17, 1656-1659) (Org 6 Chem. Front6,2619,6, 562-567) (Org 6 Lett6 2619,21, 3142-3147) (CaACS Catal6 2621,11, 16377-16352). However, these methods have some disadvantages, such as low atom utilization; noble metal catalysts such as Ru, ir, pd and the like are expensive and cannot be used on a large scale, or 1-3 equivalent of alkali is often required to be added into a reaction system, and the reaction conditions are harsh; homogeneous catalyst systems are not conducive to product separation and do not allow for catalyst recovery.
In recent years, the zinc catalytic system constructs C-C and C-N bonds to enter the field of researchers. In 2626, mannathan et al reported that zinc nitrate hexahydrate catalyzes the N-alkylation of alcohols and amines, and demonstrated Zn catalytic activity in the N-alkylation for the first time (Adv 6 Synth6Catal62626,362, 4469-44). However, the catalytic system conditions are severe (146 ℃,36 h), and the homogeneous catalyst cannot be recycled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome one or more defects of the prior art and provide a novel preparation method of N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atoms.
The invention also provides a N and S co-doped carbon material prepared by the method for loading the zinc monoatomic atom.
The invention also provides application of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with the zinc monoatomic atom in catalyzing amine and alcohol amination reaction by hydrogen.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a preparation method of N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms comprises the following steps:
mixing 2-methylimidazole, aniline, ammonia water and thiourea, and dispersing in a solvent to obtain a first mixture;
mixing a zinc nitrate aqueous solution with the first mixture, performing ball milling dispersion to obtain a second mixture, washing, and drying to obtain a precursor;
calcining the precursor in an inert atmosphere to obtain the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms;
wherein the feeding molar weight ratio of the 2-methylimidazole, the aniline, the thiourea and the zinc nitrate is controlled to be 2-6: 666-166: 1, and the feeding molar weight ratio of the ammonia in the ammonia water and the zinc nitrate is 266-12: 1.
According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, the feeding molar ratio of the 2-methylimidazole, the aniline, the thiourea and the zinc nitrate is controlled to be 3-6: 665-162: 1.
According to a specific aspect of the present invention, the ammonia water may be an analytical reagent with a concentration of about 26 wt. 6% to 25 wt. 6%, and the amount of the ammonia water relative to the amount of the zinc nitrate is: 662-665mL/mmol.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the 2-methylimidazole, aniline, aqueous ammonia, and thiourea are mixed and ball milled prior to mixing and dispersing the 2-methylimidazole, aniline, aqueous ammonia, and thiourea in the solvent. In some embodiments of the invention, zirconia may be used as the milling balls during the ball milling process to facilitate a uniform mixture.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the solvent is selected from organic solvents that can dissolve each component, and specifically may be a combination of one or more selected from methanol, ethanol, and propanol.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the washing is centrifugal washing with deionized water, and the drying is performed by vacuum drying. In some embodiments of the invention, the vacuum drying is carried out at 76-96 ℃.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the inert atmosphere is a nitrogen atmosphere and/or an argon atmosphere.
According to some particular aspects of the invention, an aqueous solution of zinc nitrate may be obtained by dissolving zinc nitrate hexahydrate in deionized water.
According to some specific aspects of the present invention, the ball milling dispersion prior to obtaining the second mixture may be performed in the following manner: the rotating speed is 366-666rpm, and the ball milling is carried out for 1-6 hours; wherein, the process is repeated after the ball milling is finished after the ball milling is suspended for 2 to 16min every 26 to 46min of rotation.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the calcination temperature of the calcination is 566-1666 ℃. Further, the calcination temperature of the calcination is 566-966 ℃.
According to some preferred aspects of the invention, the calcination is carried out for a calcination time of from 1 to 6 hours. Further, the calcination time of the calcination is 1-6h.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the temperature increase rate for increasing the temperature from room temperature to the calcination temperature is controlled to be 3 to 5 ℃/min.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the N and S co-doped carbon material prepared by the preparation method is loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms.
According to the invention, the loading capacity of zinc in the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atoms is 2 wt6-6 wt% in terms of weight percentage. Further, the loading amount of zinc in the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc single atom is 266 wt% to 466 wt% 6 wt%.
The invention provides another technical scheme that: the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monatomic is used as a catalyst in the hydrogen-borrowing N-alkylation reaction of aromatic amine and alcohol.
According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, aromatic amines are reacted with alcohols in the presence of a base, in a solvent, under an inert atmosphere, at 116-136 ℃ and under the single atom catalysis of zinc supported by N, S co-doped carbon materials to generate corresponding amine compounds.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the N-alkylation reaction by hydrogen, the reaction temperature of the reaction is from 116 to 126 ℃.
According to the invention, in the N-alkylation reaction by means of hydrogen, the reaction time is 6 to 26 hours.
According to the invention, the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atoms are recycled after the reaction is finished, the recycling frequency can reach 5 times or more, and the catalytic activity is not obviously attenuated.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the N-alkylation reaction by hydrogen, the solvent may be toluene, ethylbenzene, or the like.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, in the N-alkylation reaction by hydrogen, the base may be sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, or the like.
According to some preferred aspects of the present invention, the aromatic amine, alcohol, base, and zinc are used in a molar ratio of 1:166-266:661-666:66661-661. Further, in the hydrogen N-alkylation reaction, the molar ratio of the aromatic amine to the alcohol to the alkali to the zinc is 1:165-262:6616-6646:66663-6666.
According to a specific aspect of the invention, in the N-alkylation reaction by hydrogen, the dosage ratio of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with the zinc single atom to the aromatic amine is 16-26mg/mmol.
According to some preferred and specific aspects of the present invention, in the N-alkylation reaction by hydrogen, the aromatic amine may be one or more selected from the following structures:
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000031
in the formula (1), R 1 Is selected from H and C 1-6 Alkyl, halogen, aryl or C 1-6 Alkoxy, a may be 6,1, 2, 3, 4 or 6, b may be 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 5, 9 or 16, X is CH or N;
in the formula (2), R 2 Is selected from H, C 1-6 Alkyl, halogen, aryl or C 1-6 Alkoxy, c may be 1, 2, 3 or 4, Y is CH or N.
Further, the aromatic amine may be
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000041
Further preferably, C 1-6 The alkyl group may be substituted or unsubstituted as follows: methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, hexyl, and the like; halogen may be fluorine, chlorine or bromine; the aryl group may be a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group; c 1-6 The alkoxy group may be a substituted or unsubstituted group as follows: methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy and the like.
In the N-alkylation by hydrogen according to the present invention, the alcohol is not particularly limited, and may be an aliphatic alcohol, an aromatic alcohol, etc., and may be, for example, a substituted or unsubstituted C 1-16 Alkyl alcohols, substituted or unsubstituted α -phenyl alkyl alcohols, hydroxy substituted heterocycles, enol-containing compounds, and the like. Wherein, the heterocyclic ring can be a 3-16 membered heterocyclic ring, and the hetero atom of the heterocyclic ring can be one or more of oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen.
In the present invention<xnotran> , , , , , , , , , , , , </xnotran>
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000042
/>
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000043
Etc.; wherein A is CH or N, B is S or O, M is CH or N, d, i are independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 5, 9 or 16, e, g are independently 6,1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 6.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
through continuous experiments, researches show that the specific compound combination is adopted for doping N and S, so that the electronic structure of a Zn center is effectively improved, and the reaction can be completed mildly in a short time; the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalyst are increased by a unique in-situ doping carbonization mode, so that the adsorption of reactants is facilitated, and the catalytic efficiency is increased; the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monatomic catalyst has excellent catalytic performance for the hydrogen-borrowing N-alkylation reaction of amine and alcohol, is high in yield, economic and environment-friendly, and avoids the use of a noble metal catalyst; meanwhile, the substrate has wide application range, can react with straight-chain alcohol, and can recycle the catalyst after the reaction is finished.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an XRD pattern of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic precursor prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an SEM image of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with a zinc monoatomic precursor prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an XRD pattern of zinc monoatomic supported by the N and S co-doped carbon material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a TEM image of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a HAADF-STEM-EDS diagram of a N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with a zinc monoatomic atom prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a diagram of XANES and EXAFS of zinc monoatomic-supported N, S co-doped carbon material prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The above scheme is further explained by combining with specific embodiments; it is to be understood that these embodiments are provided to illustrate the general principles, essential features and advantages of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited in scope by the following embodiments; the implementation conditions used in the examples can be further adjusted according to specific requirements, and the implementation conditions not noted are generally those in routine experiments.
The following examples are not specifically illustrated and all starting materials are either commercially available or prepared by conventional methods known in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, 2-methylimidazole (24 mmol), aniline (24 mmol), aqueous ammonia (3 mL, commercially available analytical pure ammonia), and thiourea (6 mmol) were added to a zirconia ball mill pot and dissolved with ethanol (16 mL) to obtain a homogeneous solution a.
Step 2, zinc nitrate hexahydrate (6 mmol) was dissolved in deionized water (6 mL) to obtain aqueous zinc nitrate solution B.
And step 3, pouring the liquid B into the liquid A, and performing ball milling for three hours at the rotating speed of 466rpm to obtain viscous white liquid. The sample was centrifugally washed with deionized water and dried in vacuo at 56 ℃ to obtain precursor ZIF-5-AA @ S (XRD pattern and SEM pattern are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, respectively).
Step 4, calcining the precursor in a tubular furnace at the temperature rise rate of 6 ℃/min at 966 ℃ for 2h in a nitrogen atmosphere to prepare the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms, referred to as CNS @ Zn for short 1 -AA. The zinc content was 3676wt6% (using ICP test).
The XRD, TEM, HAADF-STEM-EDS, XANES and EXAFS diagrams are shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 6 and FIG. 6, respectively, wherein:
FIG. 1: according to the XRD spectrum result of ZIF-5-AA @ S, the prepared precursor material has a complete ZIF-5 structure.
FIG. 2: SEM images according to ZIF-5-AA @ S show that the precursor is microspherical in size of about 266 nm.
FIG. 3: in CNS @ Zn 1 The XRD pattern of AA has two broad peaks at 24 ° and 43 °, which are respectively assigned to the (662) and (161) crystal planes of the graphitic carbon material. No zinc species were detected, not including the presence of large crystalline zinc particles. Only the diffraction peak of graphitic carbon was detected and no peak of Zn atom was observed, indicating that zinc may be present as a single atom in the catalyst.
FIG. 4: no highly crystalline Zn species was observed in TEM, consistent with XRD results.
FIG. 6: in the HAADF-STEM-EDS diagram, a large number of bright spots marked with circles represent isolated zinc atoms. EDX elemental mapping images showed uniformly distributed N, O, S and Zn signals, indicating that Zn, N and S have been successfully doped into carbon matrices.
FIG. 6: according to XANES and EXAFS results, zinc is present in the material in a monoatomic form, with 3 to 4 nitrogens, 1 sulfur being present outside the first shell.
Example 2
The preparation steps of the catalyst are basically the same as those in example 1, except that in the preparation method described in example 1, the dosage of aniline is adjusted from 24mmol to 21mmol, and the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms is prepared.
Example 3
The preparation procedure of the catalyst is basically the same as that in example 1, except that in the preparation method described in example 1, the amount of ammonia water is adjusted from 3ml to 2.5ml, so as to prepare the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monatomic.
Example 4
This example provides a process for the preparation of aromatic amines by the hydrogen N-alkylation reaction of an alcohol, specifically:
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 16mg of CNS @ Zn prepared in example 1 1 AA was placed in a 26ml sealed tube under nitrogen. Heating to 126 ℃, and reacting for 12h. After the reaction is finished, the sealed tube is cooled toThe catalyst and solution were centrifuged at room temperature and the solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to give a 96% yield of 3 a.
The reaction process is schematically shown as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000061
comparative example 1
The procedure for preparing the catalyst was substantially the same as in example 1, except that in the preparation method described in example 1, aniline was not added, the precursor name was ZIF-5-Am @ S, and CNS @ Zn was obtained by calcination 1 -Am。
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 1695g of CNS @ Zn 1 Am was placed in a 26ml sealed tube under nitrogen. Heating to 126 ℃, and reacting for 12h. After the reaction, the sealed tube was cooled to room temperature, and the catalyst and the solution were separated by centrifugation. The solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the 3a yield was 6%.
Comparative example 2
The procedure for preparing the catalyst was substantially the same as in example 1, except that in the preparation method described in example 1, thiourea was not added, the name of the precursor was ZIF-5, and CN @ Zn was obtained by calcination 1
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 1695g of CN @ Zn 1 The mixture was placed in a 26ml sealed tube and protected with nitrogen. Heating to 126 ℃, and reacting for 12h. After the reaction, the sealed tube was cooled to room temperature, and the catalyst and the solution were separated by centrifugation. The solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the 3a yield was 34%.
Comparative example 3
The procedure for the preparation of the catalyst is essentially the same as in example 1, except that in the preparation described in example 1, thiourea is replaced by an equimolar amount of triphenylphosphine, the precursor name is ZIF-5@ P, and CNP @ Zn is obtained by calcination 1
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 1695g of CNP @ Zn 1 The mixture was placed in a 26ml sealed tube under nitrogen. Heating to 126 ℃, and reacting for 12h. After the reaction is finished, sealingThe tube is sealed and cooled to room temperature, and the catalyst and the solution are centrifugally separated. The solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to give a 62% yield of 3 a.
Comparative example 4
The preparation of the catalyst is essentially the same as example 1, except that in the preparation method described in example 1, ammonia is not added, the name of the precursor is ZIF-5-an @ S, and CNS-2@ Zn is obtained by calcining 1 -An。
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 1695g of CNS @ Zn 1 An is placed in a 26ml sealed tube and protected by nitrogen. Heating to 126 ℃, and reacting for 12h. After the reaction, the sealed tube was cooled to room temperature, and the catalyst and the solution were separated by centrifugation. The solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the 3a yield was 6%.
Comparative example 5
The procedure for the preparation of the catalyst was essentially the same as in example 1, except that in the preparation described in example 1, the amount of 2-methylimidazole was adjusted from 24mmol to 4mmol, the precursor name was ZIF-5-AA-2@ S, and the catalyst was calcined to obtain CNS-2@ Zn 1 -AA。
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 16mg of CNS-2@ Zn 1 AA was placed in a 26ml sealed tube under nitrogen. Heating to 126 ℃, and reacting for 12h. After the reaction, the sealed tube was cooled to room temperature, and the catalyst and the solution were separated by centrifugation. The solution was analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the 3a yield was 16%.
Examples 5 to 18
These examples provide the preparation of aromatic amines and alcohols by the N-alkylation reaction with hydrogen, essentially as in example 4, with only one or 2 of the starting aromatic amines and alcohols being varied, as shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000081
/>
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000091
In the table, -Ph is phenyl and-OMe is methoxy.
Example 19:
this example provides the preparation of an aromatic amine by hydrogen N-alkylation with an alcohol as in example 4, except that: the catalyst adopts the N and S co-doped carbon material prepared in example 2 to load zinc monoatomic atoms, and the yield of 3a is 55%.
Example 20:
this example provides the preparation of an aromatic amine by hydrogen N-alkylation with an alcohol as in example 4, except that: the catalyst adopts the N and S co-doped carbon material prepared in example 3 to load zinc monoatomic atoms, and the yield of 3a is 59%.
Example 21: catalyst reuse Activity test
Figure RE-GDA0003889985200000092
1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 16mg of CNS @ Zn prepared in example 1 1 AA was placed in a 26ml sealed tube under nitrogen. Heated to 126 ℃ and reacted for 12h. After the reaction is completed, the sealed tube is cooled to room temperature, and the catalyst and the solution are separated by centrifugation. The catalyst was washed with a small amount of water and ethyl acetate, transferred to a 26mL sealed tube, and 1mmol of aniline, 2mmol of benzyl alcohol, 663mmol of KOH, 2mL of toluene and 1695g of CNS @ Zn were added 1 And (4) heating to 126 ℃ under the protection of nitrogen, and reacting for 12 hours. And after the reaction is finished, cooling the sealed tube to room temperature, and repeating the catalyst recovery and the material feeding operation. The yields of the target product 3a in the reactions in which the catalyst was used fresh and applied 1-5 times, as analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively, were as follows: 96%,96%,59%,96%,59%,96%,59%, 59%. The activity of the catalyst is not obviously reduced.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms is characterized by comprising the following steps:
mixing 2-methylimidazole, aniline, ammonia water and thiourea, and dispersing in a solvent to obtain a first mixture;
mixing a zinc nitrate aqueous solution with the first mixture, performing ball milling dispersion to obtain a second mixture, washing, and drying to obtain a precursor;
calcining the precursor in an inert atmosphere to obtain the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms;
wherein the feeding molar weight ratio of the 2-methylimidazole, the aniline, the thiourea and the zinc nitrate is controlled to be 2-6: 0.5-1.5: 1, and the feeding molar weight ratio of the ammonia in the ammonia water and the zinc nitrate is controlled to be 2.5-12: 1.
2. The method for preparing the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with the zinc monoatomic atom according to claim 1, wherein the feeding molar weight ratio of the 2-methylimidazole, the aniline, the thiourea and the zinc nitrate is controlled to be 3-5: 0.8-1.2: 1.
3. The preparation method of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with the zinc monoatomic atom according to claim 1, wherein 2-methylimidazole, aniline, ammonia water and thiourea are mixed and ball-milled before being dispersed in the solvent; and/or the solvent is one or more selected from methanol, ethanol and propanol.
4. The preparation method of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom according to claim 1, wherein the washing is centrifugal washing with deionized water, and the drying is performed in a vacuum drying manner; and/or the inert atmosphere is a nitrogen atmosphere and/or an argon atmosphere.
5. The preparation method of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with the zinc monoatomic atom according to claim 1, wherein the calcining temperature is 800-1000 ℃, and the calcining time is 1-5h.
6. The method for preparing N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monoatomic atoms according to claim 5, wherein the temperature rise rate from room temperature to the calcination temperature is controlled to be 3-8 ℃/min.
7. The N and S co-doped carbon material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1-6 carries zinc monoatomic atoms.
8. The N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom according to claim 7, wherein the loading amount of zinc in the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monoatomic atom is 2-5 wt.%.
9. The use of the N and S co-doped carbon material loaded with zinc monatomic as defined in claim 7 or 8 as a catalyst in a hydrogen-borrowing N-alkylation reaction of aromatic amine and alcohol.
10. The application of claim 9, wherein aromatic amine and alcohol react in the presence of alkali, in a solvent, under an inert atmosphere, at 110-130 ℃ and under catalysis of a nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monatomic to generate a corresponding amine compound, the reaction time is 5-20h, and the nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon material loaded zinc monatomic is recycled after the reaction is finished.
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