CN115844470A

CN115844470A - Skin biopsy trephine

Info

Publication number: CN115844470A
Application number: CN202310006253.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 舒心; 舒玉刚; 薄礼丽
Original assignee: Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Current assignee: Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
Priority date: 2023-01-04
Filing date: 2023-01-04
Publication date: 2023-03-28

Abstract

The invention discloses a skin biopsy trephine, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments. According to the invention, the push rod is manually moved downwards, so that the moving block on the push rod is synchronously moved downwards, the first connecting rods hinged to two sides of the moving block are synchronously moved in the empty groove, the second connecting rod hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod is synchronously rotated, the second connecting rod is rotated on the fixed rod, and the two placing blocks at the bottom of the second connecting rod can move in opposite directions due to the L-shaped second connecting rod, so that the device can be adjusted according to the size of a sample, the practicability of the device is improved, the problem that the area size of the sample required by different patients cannot be adjusted when the device is used is solved, the daily practicality is not met, and the practicability of the device is reduced.

Description

Skin biopsy trephine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a skin biopsy trephine.

Background

In the diagnosis and treatment process of skin diseases, the pathological diagnosis of skin tissues has important value, and the current pathological specimen collection methods mainly comprise an operation cutting method, a trephine method and a cutting method. Among them, trephine is commonly used, especially for those with small early skin lesions or those limited to superficial or difficult to cut out. The cornea trephine is an implementation tool of a trephine method, a trephine is arranged at the front end of the cornea trephine, after the trephine is drilled into subcutaneous tissues of a patient, the trephine is taken down, a specimen is clamped by forceps, the specimen is cut off in a fat layer by a knife or a scissors, and pathological sampling is finally completed; the operation process is complex, the specimen is easy to be extruded and damaged, or the specimen is too thick and too large, the repeated circular cutting causes the defects of not sharp and neat specimen cutting edges, irregular section shape and the like, and the pathological observation result is influenced.

Chinese patent publication No. CN209059276U discloses a skin biopsy trephine, which comprises a circular cutting knife, a skin separating device and a negative pressure suction device, wherein the circular cutting knife is hollow and tubular, the lower part of the circular cutting knife is a cutting edge, and the upper part of the circular cutting knife is processed with external threads; the skin separation device comprises an inner sleeve, an outer sleeve, a return spring and a skin separation top plate, a cavity for accommodating the return spring is arranged between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve, the upper part of the return spring is connected with the top plate of the outer sleeve, the lower part of the return spring is connected with the skin separation top plate, internal threads are processed on the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and the top plate of the outer sleeve is provided with a through hole for conducting the annular cutter and the negative pressure suction device; the negative pressure suction device comprises a sleeve, a piston, a pull rod and a push handle, wherein the lower end of the sleeve is connected with the outer sleeve, the upper end of the sleeve is connected with the handheld stop head, the piston is arranged in the sleeve, and the upper end of the piston is connected with the push handle through the pull rod. The skin biopsy trephine provided by the invention has the advantages of reasonable structure, stable negative pressure, capability of reducing the sampling difficulty of skin pathology, high qualification rate, short operation time and little pain of a patient.

However, when the device is used, the area size of the samples required by different patients cannot be adjusted, the daily practicality cannot be met, and the practicability of the device is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to provide a skin biopsy trephine to solve the problems of the background art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a skin biopsy trephine which comprises an equipment body, wherein the inside of the equipment body is designed to be a hollow cylinder structure, a push rod is arranged at the top of the equipment body, the other end of the push rod extends into the equipment body and is fixedly connected with a moving block, first connecting rods are hinged to two sides of the outer wall of the moving block, second connecting rods are hinged to the other ends of the two first connecting rods, the second connecting rods are designed to be L-shaped structures, empty grooves used for the first connecting rods to move are formed in two sides of the outer wall of the equipment body, the empty grooves are designed to be inverted convex structures, reserved grooves used for the second connecting rods to rotate are formed in two sides of the inner bottom wall of the equipment body, fixing rods are arranged inside the two empty grooves, the bending parts of the second connecting rods are rotatably connected with the fixing rods, a placing block is fixedly connected to the other ends of the second connecting rods, and a trephine knife is arranged at the bottom of the placing block.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, guide rods are symmetrically arranged at the top in the equipment body, and the other ends of the two guide rods penetrate through the moving block and are fixedly connected with the bottom in the equipment body.

As a further improvement of this technical scheme, equipment body top fixedly connected with stopper, one side of push rod outer wall is located to the stopper, the inside spout that is used for the gag lever post gliding of offering of stopper, the one end fixedly connected with pull ring of push rod is kept away from to the gag lever post, the one end outer wall cover that the gag lever post is close to the push rod is equipped with the spring, spring one end and stopper one side outer wall fixed connection, spring other end fixedly connected with fixture block, gag lever post one side outer wall and fixture block one side outer wall fixed connection, the push rod is close to one side outer wall of stopper equidistant offer with fixture block assorted draw-in groove.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a mounting groove for placing the T-shaped block is formed in the inner bottom wall of the placing block, the bottom of the T-shaped block extends to the outside of the placing block, a dividing groove is formed in the bottom of the T-shaped block, threaded holes for mounting first screws are formed in the outer walls of the two sides of the T-shaped block, the other ends of the first screws extend to the inside of the dividing groove and are fixedly connected with clamping blocks, and the inner wall of one side, opposite to the clamping blocks, of the clamping blocks is fixedly connected with a trephine through matching blocks.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the bottom of the equipment body is fixedly connected with a circular tube, a second screw rod is clamped at the bottom of the circular tube, and a disposable bonding plate is connected to the bottom of the second screw rod in a threaded mode.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the outer wall of the equipment body is coated with a flexible rubber pad.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the outer wall of the trephine knife is provided with scale marks.

After adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, the push rod is manually moved downwards, so that the moving block on the push rod is synchronously moved downwards, the first connecting rods hinged to two sides of the moving block are synchronously moved in the hollow groove, the second connecting rod hinged to the other end of the first connecting rod is synchronously rotated, the second connecting rod is rotated on the fixed rod, and the two placing blocks at the bottom of the second connecting rod can move oppositely due to the L-shaped second connecting rod, so that the device can be adjusted according to the sampling size, and the practicability of the device is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a view showing the internal cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the structure of a first screw of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 1 at A according to the present invention;

fig. 5 is an enlarged structural view of the invention at B in fig. 2.

The various reference numbers in the figures mean:

1. an apparatus body; 2. a push rod; 3. a moving block; 4. a first link; 5. a second link; 6. an empty groove; 7. fixing the rod; 8. placing the blocks; 9. a trepan cutter; 10. a guide rod; 11. a limiting block; 12. a limiting rod; 13. a pull ring; 14. a spring; 15. a clamping block; 16. a T-shaped block; 17. a first screw; 18. a clamping block; 19. a circular tube; 20. a second screw; 21. a flexible rubber pad; 22. scale marking; 23. and (5) bonding the board once.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1-5, this embodiment provides a skin biopsy trephine, which includes a device body 1, the inside of the device body 1 is a hollow cylinder structure, a push rod 2 is disposed at the top of the device body 1, the other end of the push rod 2 extends into the inside of the device body 1 and is fixedly connected with a moving block 3, two sides of the outer wall of the moving block 3 are both hinged with first connecting rods 4, two other ends of the first connecting rods 4 are both hinged with second connecting rods 5, the second connecting rods 5 are L-shaped structure, empty slots 6 for the first connecting rods 4 to move are both provided at two sides of the outer wall of the device body 1, the empty slots 6 are of inverted convex structure design, reserved slots for the second connecting rods 5 to rotate are both provided at two sides of the inner bottom wall of the device body 1, fixing rods 7 are disposed inside the two empty slots 6, the bending part of the second connecting rods 5 is rotatably connected with the fixing rods 7, a placing block 8 is fixedly connected with the other end of the second connecting rods 5, and a ring drill cutter 9 is disposed at the bottom of the placing block 8.

The working principle is as follows: through the inside vacuum structure design that is of the equipment body 1 that sets up, make push rod 2 and movable block 3 can be more stable move in equipment body 1 inside, through manual with push rod 2 downstream, make movable block 3 on the push rod 2 move down in step, make movable block 3 both sides looks articulated first connecting rod 4 move in the inside of dead slot 6 in step, make 4 articulated second connecting rod 5 in other end of first connecting rod rotate in step, make second connecting rod 5 rotate on dead lever 7, it makes two of 5 bottoms of second connecting rod 5 place the piece 8 and can do the opposite direction motion to be L shape through second connecting rod 5 that sets up, make and to adjust according to the size of sample, the practicality of equipment has been improved.

In order to enable the moving block 3 to move more stably in the device body 1, guide rods 10 are symmetrically arranged at the top in the device body 1, the other ends of the two guide rods 10 penetrate through the moving block 3 and are fixedly connected with the bottom in the device body 1, the guide rods 10 are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the upper end and the lower end of the device body 1, the two guide rods 10 penetrate through the moving block 3, the moving block 3 can stably move up and down along the guide rods 10 in the device body 1 when moving, and the stability of the device is improved.

Because when changing the interval position of two ring drill cutters 9, need to fix push rod 2, so 1 top fixedly connected with stopper 11 of equipment body, stopper 11 locates the one side of the 2 outer walls of push rod, stopper 11 is inside to offer the gliding spout that is used for gag lever post 12, one end fixedly connected with pull ring 13 that gag lever post 12 kept away from push rod 2, the one end outer wall cover that gag lever post 12 is close to push rod 2 is equipped with spring 14, spring 14 one end and 11 one side outer wall fixed connection of stopper, spring 14 other end fixedly connected with

fixture block

15, 12 one side outer wall of gag lever post and 15 one side outer wall fixed connection of fixture block, push rod 2 is close to one side outer wall of stopper 11 equidistant offer with fixture block 15 assorted draw-in groove, make gag lever post 12 move inside stopper 11 through manual 13 removal, and simultaneously, the outside spring 14 of gag lever post 12 compresses, make the fixture block 15 synchronous motion of the spring 14 other end, make fixture block 15 break away from the draw-in groove of push rod 2 outer wall mutually, when adjusting to the position, loosen pull ring 13, make fixture block 15 block and the draw-in-lock with the draw-in-groove looks joint once more, make push rod 2 fix.

Consider that needs dismantle the change to trephine sword 9, in order to conveniently carry out disinfection and sterilization, so place 8 inner bottom walls of piece and offer the mounting groove that is used for T-shaped piece 16 to place, T-shaped piece 16 bottom extends to and places 8 outsides, the cut-off groove has been seted up to T-shaped piece 16 bottom, the screw hole that is used for installing first screw rod 17 is all offered to T-shaped piece 16 both sides outer wall, two first screw rod 17 other ends all extend to cut-off inslot portion and fixedly connected with clamp splice 18, one side inner wall that clamp splice 18 is relative is through joining in marriage piece and trephine sword 9 fixed connection, it is inside to place into the cut-off inslot through trephine sword 9 that sets up, then rotate two first screw rods 17, make clamp splice 18 of first screw rod 17 bottom carry out the centre gripping to trephine sword 9, make it can fix the inside at T-shaped piece 16, locate through the T-shaped piece 16 that sets up and place inside piece 8, make trephine sword 9 can be more stable.

Need adjust according to the size that disposable bonding board 23 covered earlier in the operation, so bottom fixedly connected with pipe 19 in

equipment body

1, 19 bottom joints of pipe have second screw rod 20, second screw rod 20 bottom spiro union has disposable bonding board 23, second screw rod 20 and the disposable bonding board 23 threaded connection through setting up, the disposable bonding board 23 of change equidimension that can be quick of design, looks joint between the pipe 19 that sets up simultaneously and the second screw rod 20, make when the back of disposable bonding board 23 position determination, make equipment body 1 break away from with disposable bonding board 23 mutually, the flexibility of equipment has been improved.

Need hold in addition the whole hand of equipment body 1, so the cladding of equipment body 1 outer wall has flexible rubber pad 21, makes the frictional force that can increase and medical personnel's hand through the flexible rubber pad 21 that sets up, appears the phenomenon of landing when avoiding using.

Considering that the cutting depth needs to be controlled, the outer wall of the trephine knife 9 is provided with scale marks 22, and the set scale marks 22 enable the trephine knife 9 to be accurately observed after entering the skin, so that the trephine knife is convenient for medical staff to use.

When a skin biopsy trephine in this embodiment is specifically used, at first hold device body 1, flexible rubber pad 21 makes the frictional force with medical personnel's hand increase, the phenomenon of landing appears when avoiding using, disposable bonding plate 23 bonds to patient's sample position, according to patient's sample size, then, manually move pull ring 13 and make gag lever post 12 displacement, make the outside spring 14 compression of gag lever post 12, make fixture block 15 synchronous motion, thereby make fixture block 15 break away from with the draw-in groove of push rod 2 outer wall, then, manually move push rod 2 downwards, make movable block 3 on the push rod 2 move down synchronously, make synchronous 3 both sides of movable block articulated first connecting rod 4 move inside dead slot 6, make the articulated second connecting rod 5 synchronous rotation of first connecting rod 4 other end, make second connecting rod 5 rotate on dead lever 7, be the L shape through second connecting rod 5 that sets up and make two pieces 8 of placing of second connecting rod 5 bottom can do relative motion, adjust to suitable position according to the size of sample, drill cutter 9 is placed into the inslot portion, make two first connecting rod 5 rotate, make the screw rod 17 that the bottom of second connecting rod can get into through the accurate observation of the observation ring drill bit 17, make the back of the accurate observation screw rod 17 that the observation is carried out.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the above embodiments and the description, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A skin biopsy trephine, comprising a device body (1), characterized in that: the device comprises a device body (1), a push rod (2) is arranged at the top of the device body (1), the other end of the push rod (2) extends into the device body (1) and is fixedly connected with a moving block (3), two outer walls of the moving block (3) are hinged with first connecting rods (4), two other ends of the first connecting rods (4) are hinged with second connecting rods (5), the second connecting rods (5) are in an L-shaped structural design, empty grooves (6) used for the first connecting rods (4) to move are formed in two sides of the outer wall of the device body (1), the empty grooves (6) are in an inverted convex structural design, reserved grooves used for the second connecting rods (5) to rotate are formed in two sides of the inner bottom wall of the device body (1), fixing rods (7) are arranged in the empty grooves (6), bending positions of the second connecting rods (5) are rotatably connected with the fixing rods (7), a placing block (8) is fixedly connected with the other end of the second connecting rods (5), and a ring drill (9) is arranged at the bottom of the placing block (8).

2. A skin biopsy trephine according to claim 1, wherein: the top symmetry is equipped with guide bar (10) in equipment body (1), two the guide bar (10) other end all runs through movable block (3) and with equipment body (1) bottom fixed connection.

3. A skin biopsy trephine according to claim 1, wherein: device body (1) top fixedly connected with stopper (11), one side of push rod (2) outer wall is located in stopper (11), stopper (11) inside offer and be used for gliding spout of gag lever post (12), one end fixedly connected with pull ring (13) of push rod (2) are kept away from in gag lever post (12), the one end outer wall cover that gag lever post (12) is close to push rod (2) is equipped with spring (14), spring (14) one end and stopper (11) one side outer wall fixed connection, spring (14) other end fixedly connected with fixture block (15), one side outer wall of gag lever post (12) and fixture block (15) one side outer wall fixed connection, push rod (2) are close to one side outer wall of stopper (11) equidistant offer with fixture block (15) assorted draw-in groove.

4. A skin biopsy trephine according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model discloses a round hole boring machine, including placing piece (8), T-shaped piece (16) bottom is extended to and is placed piece (8) outside, cut apart the groove has been seted up to T-shaped piece (16) bottom, the screw hole that is used for installing first screw rod (17) is all seted up to T-shaped piece (16) both sides outer wall, two first screw rod (17) other end all extends to cut apart inslot portion and fixedly connected with clamp splice (18), one side inner wall that clamp splice (18) is relative is through joining in marriage piece and trephine sword (9) fixed connection.

5. A skin biopsy trephine according to claim 1, wherein: bottom fixedly connected with pipe (19) in equipment body (1), pipe (19) bottom joint has second screw rod (20), second screw rod (20) bottom spiro union has disposable bonding board (23).

6. A skin biopsy trephine according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the equipment body (1) is coated with a flexible rubber pad (21).

7. A skin biopsy trephine according to claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the trephine knife (9) is provided with scale marks (22).