CN115842990B

CN115842990B - Vibrating diaphragm system and loudspeaker

Info

Publication number: CN115842990B
Application number: CN202310116401.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏学东
Original assignee: Gettop Acoustic Co Ltd
Current assignee: Gettop Acoustic Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-15
Filing date: 2023-02-15
Publication date: 2023-05-16
Anticipated expiration: 2043-02-15
Also published as: CN115842990A

Abstract

The application provides a vibrating diaphragm system and speaker places the connecting piece inside the speaker, and the poisson's ratio value of this connecting piece is the negative number, and a plurality of axises of connecting piece are equipped with the vibrating diaphragm respectively, have effectively increased the effective area of vibrating diaphragm, have improved the sensitivity of vibrating diaphragm greatly, and then have improved acoustic performance. And the vibrating diaphragm is fixedly connected with the connecting piece, so that the connecting piece can drive the vibrating diaphragm fixedly connected with the connecting piece to vibrate when the connecting piece moves in the axial direction. When the connecting piece is stressed to expand or contract in one axial direction, the connecting piece expands or contracts in at least one other axial direction in the same type as the former, so that all the diaphragms are driven to vibrate and sound together. The vibrating diaphragm system and the loudspeaker can effectively increase the effective area of the vibrating diaphragm in the same space, so that the efficiency of the loudspeaker is improved, and finally the maximum sound pressure level of the loudspeaker is improved.

Description

Vibrating diaphragm system and loudspeaker

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of acoustic products, in particular to a vibrating diaphragm system and a loudspeaker.

Background

Consumer electronics such as televisions, notebook computers, tablet computers, mobile phones and the like are increasingly thinned, and the new energy automobile industry also has similar thinning and light weight requirements, and on the premise of structural thinning, the requirements on acoustic performance are increasingly high. The traditional loudspeaker products for multimedia are difficult to be thinned structurally because of the paper cone, the fixed core support piece, the ferrite magnet and the basin frame structure; the micro-speaker product for the mobile phone can be thinned, but the area is smaller than the electromagnetic driving force, and the acoustic performance of the speaker cannot meet the industry requirement. The acoustic performance formula of the speaker can be referred to as follows:

I

II

wherein, in the formula I,SPL _max is the maximum sound pressure level, known as the sound size,δfor the efficiency of the loudspeaker,R _t as the total thermal resistance of the coil to the ambient path,αis the thermal coefficient of the voice coil wire. From this formula, it can be seen that the efficiency of the speakerδThe higher the maximum sound pressure level thereofSPL _max The larger.

In the formula II of the present invention,ρis emptyThe air density of the air is higher than the air density,cis the speed of sound of the air,Bis the intensity of the magnetic field,lis the length of the voice coil wire of the loudspeaker,S _d is the effective area of the loudspeaker and,R _e is the resistance of the speaker coil,M _ms is the mass of the loudspeaker vibration system. From this formula, it can be seen that the efficiency of the speakerδAnd%Bl） ² AndS _d ² Proportional, i.e. magnetic field strengthBThe stronger the voice coil wire lengthlThe longer the effective area of the speakerS _d The larger the efficiency of the speakerδThe higher, ultimately its maximum sound pressure levelSPL _max The larger this is also three effective means of how effectively to improve the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.

Therefore, how to effectively improve the acoustic performance of a speaker without increasing the thickness of the speaker product, even while reducing the thickness of the speaker product, is a challenge for those skilled in the art.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the present application provides a vibrating diaphragm system and a speaker that can effectively improve the acoustic performance of the product.

The application provides a vibrating diaphragm system, including the connecting piece and with at least one vibrating diaphragm that the connecting piece is connected, the Poisson's ratio value of connecting piece is less than 0 and is greater than or equal to-1, the connecting piece include initiative piece and passive piece, at least one the vibrating diaphragm connect in passive piece, when exerting driving force to make it take place to expand or shrink to initiative piece can drive passive piece take place simultaneously with the same type of expansion or shrink of initiative piece makes with vibrating diaphragm vibration sound production that passive piece is connected.

In an embodiment, at least two driving members are disposed, the driving members are located in the same axial direction, and the driving members and the driven members are located in different axial directions.

In one embodiment, the driving forces applied to the driving members are opposite in direction along the same axis.

In one embodiment, the poisson's ratio value of the connector is-1.

The application also provides a loudspeaker, including the frame with install in the frame the vibrating diaphragm system as described above, with the actuating system who is connected of driving piece, actuating system provides the actuating force, actuating force is magnetic field force or mechanical force.

In an embodiment, the connecting piece is disposed inside the frame, at least one driving piece is connected with the vibrating diaphragm, one end of the driving system is fixedly connected with the driving piece, and the other end is fixedly connected with the vibrating diaphragm.

In an embodiment, when the driving force is magnetic force, the driving system includes a voice coil and a magnetic circuit, the driving member is fixedly connected with the voice coil, the voice coil is located in a magnetic gap formed by the magnetic circuit, and the voice coil vibrates to drive the driving member to expand or contract.

In an embodiment, the magnetic circuit system comprises an inner magnetic circuit and an outer magnetic circuit surrounding the periphery of the inner magnetic circuit, a magnetic gap is formed between the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit, the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit are supported on a magnetic circuit supporting piece, and the magnetic circuit supporting piece is fixedly connected with the frame.

In an embodiment, when the driving force is magnetic force, the driving system includes a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet that are disposed opposite to each other, the driving member is fixedly connected to the first electromagnet, and a magnetic force change is generated between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet, so that the first electromagnet vibrates to drive the driving member to expand or contract.

In an embodiment, the first electromagnet comprises a first coil or a first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second magnet and a second coil wound on the second magnet; or, the first electromagnet comprises a first magnet and a first coil wound on the first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second coil or a second magnet; or, the first electromagnet comprises a first magnet and a first coil wound on the first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second magnet and a second coil wound on the second magnet.

To sum up, this application provides a vibrating diaphragm system and speaker, places the connecting piece in the speaker inside, and the poisson's ratio value of this connecting piece is the negative number, and a plurality of axial of connecting piece are equipped with the vibrating diaphragm respectively, have effectively increased the effective area of vibrating diaphragm, have improved the sensitivity of vibrating diaphragm greatly, and then have improved acoustic performance. And the vibrating diaphragm is fixedly connected with the connecting piece, so that the connecting piece can drive the vibrating diaphragm fixedly connected with the connecting piece to vibrate when the connecting piece moves in the axial direction. When the connecting piece is stressed to expand or contract in one axial direction, the connecting piece synchronously expands or contracts in at least one other axial direction, and all the diaphragms are driven to vibrate and sound together. The vibrating diaphragm system and the loudspeaker can effectively increase the effective area of the vibrating diaphragm in the same space, so that the efficiency of the loudspeaker is improved, and finally the maximum sound pressure level of the loudspeaker is improved. In addition, the loudspeaker abandons the elements which prevent the thinning of the loudspeaker, such as the traditional cone, the fixed core support piece, the cone frame structure and the like, so that the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker can be improved while the thinning is realized, and the application range of the loudspeaker is enlarged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between elastic modulus and shear modulus of a material and Poisson's ratio.

Fig. 2 is a stress variation curve of a general honeycomb multicellular structure and a negative poisson ratio multicellular structure in unidirectional compression deformation.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a multi-example structure in which the negative poisson's ratio cell structure is a rotating rigid structure.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a multi-example structure in which the negative poisson's ratio cell structure is chiral.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a three-dimensional micro-structure.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a speaker in a top direction according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the speaker of fig. 6 in a bottom direction.

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker of fig. 6.

Fig. 9 is an exploded view of the speaker of fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is an exploded view of the diaphragm assembly and the upper cover of the connector in the top direction of fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of the connection piece of fig. 9 connected with a magnetic circuit system on one side.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the connector of fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is an exploded view of the magnetic circuit system of fig. 11.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic circuit principle of the magnetic circuit system in fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the connection member and the voice coil in fig. 9.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the connector and voice coil of fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a speaker in another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 18 is a side view of the speaker of fig. 17.

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of a magnetic circuit principle of a speaker according to another embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 20 is a schematic drawing of BL simulation curves of the speaker of the present application.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of a frequency response curve of a speaker of the present application.

Detailed Description

Before the embodiments are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The present application may be embodied in other ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. The use of the terms "comprising," "including," "having," and the like are intended to encompass the items listed thereafter and equivalents thereof as well as additional items. In particular, when "a certain element" is described, the present application does not limit the number of the element to one, but may include a plurality of the elements.

As described above, according to the formulas I and II, the maximum sound pressure level of the speaker increases as the efficiency of the speaker increases, and the efficiency of the speaker is proportional to the square of the effective area of the diaphragm, that is, the efficiency of the speaker increases as the effective area of the diaphragm increases. Therefore, the sensitivity of the diaphragm, namely the efficiency of the loudspeaker, can be improved by increasing the effective area of the diaphragm, so that the maximum sound pressure level of the loudspeaker is improved. According to the loudspeaker, the connecting piece made of the negative Poisson ratio material is arranged at the center of the loudspeaker, the vibrating diaphragms are fixedly connected to the plurality of axial directions of the connecting piece respectively, and all the vibrating diaphragms are driven to vibrate and sound by using the inherent structural characteristics of the connecting piece to bear forces in two directions, so that the effective area of the vibrating diaphragms is increased in the same space, the sensitivity of the vibrating diaphragms is greatly improved, the acoustic performance of the vibrating diaphragms is further improved, and the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker provided with the vibrating diaphragms is finally improved.

The related concepts of the connector are explained below.

Negative poisson ratio:

poisson's ratio, named simon seed poisson, a well-known french mathematical term, is defined as the ratio of negative transverse contraction strain to longitudinal extension strain.

Expressed by the formula:

wherein:ε _j indicating the lateral contraction strain of the sheet,ε _i indicating the longitudinal elongation strain.iAndjtwo mutually perpendicular coordinate axes are respectively adopted.

It is generally believed that almost all materials have a positive poisson's ratio of about 1/3, rubber-like materials of 1/2, metallic aluminum of 0.133, copper of 0.127, typical polymer foams of 0.11 to 0.14, etc., i.e., these materials shrink in the transverse direction of the material when stretched in the machine direction. The Negative Poisson's Ratio effect refers to that when a material is longitudinally stretched, the material transversely expands in an elastic range; while the material is compressed in the machine direction, the transverse direction of the material instead contracts.

Modulus of elasticity and die cut variable:

modulus of elasticity of the materialEAnd shear modulusGClosely related to poisson's ratio v, the relationship of which is shown in fig. 1. When the poisson's ratio is changed from positive to negative,the shear resistance of the material is significantly improved. Especially when poisson's ratio is-1, the shear modulus far exceeds the elastic modulus. At this point, the material will become very compressible, but difficult to shear. Notably, the elastic modulus of negative poisson's ratio materials is not always constant, but is also affected by the density ratio and the rate of change of volume. In general, when a material is in a stretched state, the modulus of elasticity decreases with increasing volumetric compression ratio; in the compressed state, the modulus of elasticity increases with increasing volumetric compression ratio.

As shown in fig. 2, the conventional cellular multicellular structure and the negative poisson's ratio multicellular structure undergo three stages in succession: a line elasticity stage, a stress platform stage and a densification stage. In the initial line elasticity stage, the density of the negative poisson ratio multicellular structure is gradually increased, and the rigidity is also gradually increased. By the stress platform stage, the negative poisson ratio multicellular structure shows higher platform stress, so that the energy absorption efficiency of the stage is higher. Meanwhile, the area (representing absorbed energy) enclosed by the stress-strain curve and the axis of abscissa also shows that the energy absorption performance of the negative poisson ratio multicellular structure is higher than that of the common honeycomb multicellular structure.

Negative poisson ratio cell structure:

according to the deformation mechanism, the negative poisson ratio cells can be divided into: concave polygon structures, rotating rigid body structures, chiral structures, perforated plate structures, node-fiber structures, and other structures. Wherein:

rotary rigid body structure

The rotating rigid body structure was used at the earliest to explain the negative poisson's ratio effect of crystalline materials. The square lattices in the inorganic crystal material are connected together through hinges, and are arranged periodically. When compressed laterally, the hinge at the junction rotates to cause the interior void to tend to close, thereby effecting longitudinal contraction.

Referring to fig. 3, when four long sides of the rectangle are connected, the internal space is diamond-shaped, and the cell exhibits anisotropy; when the long and short sides of the rectangle are connected, the internal gap is parallelogram, the cell shows isotropy, and the poisson ratio is always-1.

Chiral structure

As shown in fig. 4, the eccentric symmetrical structure consists of a circular rigid body positioned at the center and 6 flexible beams tangent to the rigid body. This structure is also called Chiral structure (Chiral structure) because it is mirrored and then not coincident with the body, similar to the left and right hand of a human. When the circular rigid body is compressed transversely, the circular rigid body rotates anticlockwise under the action of the transverse tangential beam, and the longitudinal tangential beam is driven to shrink to achieve the negative poisson's ratio effect. Compared with the concave structure, the chiral structure can realize larger deformation, and the poisson ratio value in all directions is-1.

Hooke's law represents the volume change per unit volume, and the calculation formula is as follows:

in the method, in the process of the invention,V ₁ the volume after the deformation is represented by the volume,Vthe volume before deformation is indicated as the volume before deformation,θrepresenting the volume change per unit volume, also known as volume strain;

，/>

Kin terms of the modulus of bulk elasticity,σ _m is the average of three principal stresses.

The following is the Hooke's law derivation of volume:

referring to FIG. 5, a three-dimensional element is taken, and the length, width and height before deformation are respectivelydxdydzVolume before deformationV=dxdydz；

The lengths of the three edges after deformation are respectively as follows:

volume after deformationV ₁ =(1+ε ₁ )(1+ε ₂ )( 1+ε ₃ )dxdydzOmits the heightSmall in orderV ₁ =(1+ε ₁ +ε ₂ +ε ₃ )dxdydz。

The bulk strain was calculated from the volume hooke's law:

by generalized hooke's law, when taking into account the poisson effect,xyzin the case of forces in all three directions,ε ₁ ，ε ₂ ，ε ₃ the calculation formula is as follows:

substituting the formulas (2), (3) and (4) into the formula (1) has

，/>

If it isμ=0.5, the bulk modulus of elasticityKInfinite, bulk strainθ=0, i.e. completely incompressible, which means that when poisson's ratio takes 0.5, the material is completely incompressible; the bulk modulus of elasticity cannot take a negative value and thus the poisson's ratio maximum is 0.5.

From the relationship among Young's modulus, shear modulus and Poisson's ratio

Also, both Young's modulus and shear modulus take positive values, so the Poisson's ratio minimum is-1.

Based on the above, the application provides a vibrating diaphragm system, which comprises a connecting piece and at least one vibrating diaphragm connected with the connecting piece, wherein the Poisson ratio value of the connecting piece is smaller than 0 and equal to or larger than-1. Specifically, the connecting piece comprises a driving piece and a driven piece, at least one vibrating diaphragm is connected to the driven piece, and when the driving piece is applied with driving force to expand or contract (stretched or compressed), the driving piece can be driven to synchronously expand or contract in the same type as the driving piece, so that the vibrating diaphragm connected with the driven piece vibrates to sound.

The driving parts are arranged at least two, the driving parts are positioned on the same axial direction, and the driving parts and the driven parts are positioned on different axial directions, namely, the axial direction of the driving parts and the axial direction of the driven parts form an included angle. The driving parts are preferably arranged at two, the two driving parts are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of one axial direction of the connecting part, and the directions of driving forces born by the two driving parts in the same axial direction are opposite, so that the vibration directions of the two driving parts are opposite. The passive element may be provided in one or more, preferably in plurality, and the plurality of passive elements are provided in other axial directions different from the axial direction in which the active element is located. Further, two opposite sides of the connecting piece in the same axial direction are respectively provided with a driven piece, and at least one of all the driven pieces is connected with a vibrating diaphragm. It should be noted that, since the poisson's ratio value of the connection member is a negative number, the connection member is made of the above-mentioned negative poisson's ratio material, and when the driving force is applied to the driving member to expand or contract the driving member, the internal structure of the connection member is changed so that the driving member synchronously and passively expands or contracts in the same type as the driving member. The diaphragm may be connected to a passive element, i.e. only one diaphragm is provided on the connecting element of the loudspeaker; the diaphragm may be connected to a plurality of passive elements or to all passive elements. The driving part can be connected or not connected with the vibrating diaphragm according to actual design requirements. The vibrating diaphragms are driven to synchronously vibrate due to expansion or contraction movements of the driving piece or the driven piece which are respectively connected, and finally sound production is achieved.

The diaphragm is fixedly connected with the connecting piece, and the mode of the fixed connection can be direct fixed connection, namely the diaphragm is directly contacted with the connecting piece, or indirect fixed connection, namely the diaphragm is fixedly connected with the connecting piece through at least one middle connecting piece.

On the other hand, the application also provides a loudspeaker, which comprises a frame, the vibrating diaphragm system arranged on the frame and a driving system connected with the driving piece, wherein the driving system is used for providing driving force for driving the driving piece to vibrate, and the driving force can be magnetic field force or mechanical force. Wherein the magnetic field force comprises an electromagnetic force, and the electromagnetic force comprises a lorentz force, an electrostatic force and the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the connecting member is disposed inside the frame, at least one driving member is connected to the diaphragm, one end of the driving system is fixedly connected to the driving member, and the other end is fixedly connected to the diaphragm. When the driving force drives the driving piece to vibrate, the vibrating diaphragm connected with the driving piece can be driven to vibrate simultaneously to produce sound.

Optionally, when the driving force is magnetic force, the driving system may include a voice coil and a magnetic circuit, where the driving member is fixedly connected with the voice coil, the voice coil is located in a magnetic gap formed by the magnetic circuit, and is driven by the magnetic force of the magnetic circuit to generate vibration after being electrified, and the voice coil vibration can drive the driving member to expand or contract in a sounding manner. When the driving piece is connected with the vibrating diaphragm, one end of the voice coil is fixedly connected with the driving piece, the other end of the voice coil is fixedly connected with the vibrating diaphragm, and the voice coil can drive the driving piece and the vibrating diaphragm to vibrate simultaneously when vibrating. The driving part vibrates to drive the driven part to vibrate synchronously, and the driven part vibrates to drive the vibrating diaphragms connected with the driven part to vibrate, so that all the vibrating diaphragms are driven to vibrate and sound.

Specifically, the magnetic circuit system can include interior magnetic circuit and for locating interior magnetic circuit peripheral outer magnetic circuit, form the magnetic gap between interior magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit, interior magnetic circuit and outer magnetic circuit support are on the magnetic circuit support piece, and the magnetic circuit support piece is fixed with the frame connection, and the magnetic circuit system is fixed relative to the frame promptly, and the magnetic field force that magnetic circuit system produced drives the voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and produces the vibration in the magnetic gap.

Alternatively, when the driving force is a magnetic field force, the driving system may further include a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet disposed opposite to each other. The first electromagnet is fixedly connected with the driving piece, and magnetic force change is generated between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet so that the first electromagnet vibrates to drive the driving piece to expand or contract. Specifically, when the driving piece is connected with the vibrating diaphragm, the second electromagnet can be fixedly connected with the vibrating diaphragm, the magnetic field force between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet can drive the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet to vibrate simultaneously, the first electromagnet vibrates to drive the driving piece to vibrate, the driving piece vibrates to drive the driven piece to vibrate synchronously, the driven piece vibrates to drive the vibrating diaphragm connected with the driven piece to vibrate, and the second electromagnet vibrates to drive the vibrating diaphragm connected with the driving piece to vibrate so as to drive all the vibrating diaphragms to vibrate and sound; when the driving part is not connected with the vibrating diaphragm, the second electromagnet can be fixedly connected with the frame, and magnetic field force between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet drives the first electromagnet to vibrate relative to the second electromagnet so as to drive the driving part to vibrate, the driving part vibrates to drive the driven part to vibrate synchronously, and the driven part vibrates to drive the vibrating diaphragm connected with the driven part to vibrate.

Further, the first electromagnet comprises a first coil or a first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second magnet and a second coil wound on the second magnet; or, the first electromagnet comprises a first magnet and a first coil wound on the first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second coil or a second magnet; or, the first electromagnet comprises a first magnet and a first coil wound on the first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second magnet and a second coil wound on the second magnet. That is, the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet may each be one of a coil, a magnet, and a wound magnet, but at least one of the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet is a wound magnet.

Alternatively, the connector may be any solid shape such as a regular polyhedron or sphere, preferably a regular hexahedron.

The shape structure of the active member and the passive member can be selected from points, surfaces, lines, three-dimensional structures, etc., and further, the surfaces can comprise plane surfaces, cambered surfaces, irregular surfaces, etc. Preferably, the active and passive elements are planar.

When the connecting piece is a regular hexahedron, the vibrating diaphragm system comprises a connecting piece positioned at the center position and a plurality of vibrating diaphragms which are distributed around the connecting piece and fixedly connected with the connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece is provided with a first axial direction and a plurality of second axial directions perpendicular to the first axial direction, the vibrating diaphragms are distributed on two opposite sides of the connecting piece in the first axial direction and two opposite sides of each second axial direction, or the vibrating diaphragms are distributed on two opposite sides of each second axial direction. When the connecting piece is stressed to expand or contract (stretched or compressed) in the first axial direction, the connecting piece expands or contracts in each second axial direction in the same type as the first axial direction, so that the vibrating diaphragm fixedly connected with the connecting piece vibrates to generate sound. By the design, the effective area of the vibrating diaphragm is effectively increased, the sensitivity of the vibrating diaphragm is greatly improved, and the acoustic performance is further improved.

The vibration directions of the opposite two sides of the connecting piece in each axial direction are opposite, for example, when the top surface of the connecting piece is stretched outwards to displace upwards, the bottom surface of the connecting piece is simultaneously stretched outwards to displace downwards; when the top surface of the connecting piece is compressed inwards to displace downwards, the bottom surface of the connecting piece is simultaneously compressed inwards to displace upwards. Meanwhile, due to the characteristics of the connecting piece, the movement modes of the connecting piece on the opposite sides of the connecting piece in other axial directions are the same as the movement modes of the top surface and the bottom surface.

Preferably, the poisson's ratio value of the connector is-1, i.e. the displacement distances generated by vibration on each face of the connector are the same. For example, when the top surface of the connector is displaced upward by two distances, the bottom surface of the connector is displaced downward by two distances, and at the same time, the surfaces of the connector in other axial directions are correspondingly displaced by two distances.

The connecting piece comprises a plurality of cells, and the cells can be of a concave polygon structure, a rotary rigid body structure, a chiral structure, a perforation plate structure or a node-fiber structure, etc.

Referring to fig. 6 to 16, the present application provides a speaker 10, where the speaker 10 includes a frame 12, a diaphragm system mounted on the frame 12, and a magnetic circuit system for driving the diaphragm system to vibrate and sound. As described above, the diaphragm system includes a connector 14 positioned within the frame 12 and a plurality of diaphragms 16 disposed about the connector 14 and fixedly coupled to the connector 14. Preferably, the connector 14 is provided at an inner central position of the frame 12. Of course, in other embodiments, the connecting member 14 may be disposed at the inner side of the frame 12, so long as the diaphragms are fixedly connected to the connecting member 14. In this embodiment, the connector 14 and the frame 12 are each of a regular hexahedral configuration. The connecting member 14 has a first axial direction and a plurality of second axial directions perpendicular to the first axial direction, and the plurality of diaphragms 16 are disposed on opposite sides of the connecting member 14 in the first axial direction and opposite sides of each second axial direction. The connecting piece 14 is arranged at the center of the frame 12, and a plurality of diaphragms are fixedly connected to the frame 12. When the connecting member 14 is forced to expand or contract (be stretched or compressed) in the first axial direction, the connecting member 14 expands or contracts in each second axial direction in the same type as the first axial direction, so that the diaphragm 16 fixedly connected to the connecting member 14 vibrates to sound.

The application scene of the loudspeaker 10 of the application comprises intelligent loudspeakers such as a mobile phone, an earphone, a tablet personal computer, a notebook computer, a sound device, a watch and the like.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 6, 7 and 12, the connecting member 14 is a regular hexahedral structure, and correspondingly, the frame 12 is also a regular hexahedral structure. The connecting piece 14 is arranged at the center of the frame 12, the vibration films 16 are six, and the six vibration films 16 are respectively and fixedly connected to six surfaces of the frame 12, so that the loudspeaker 10 with six vibration films is formed, and the six surfaces have sound output, so that 360-degree total sound is realized. The vibration of the vibrating diaphragm 16 in six directions can be driven by the stress in two directions, and meanwhile, the effective area of the vibrating diaphragm 16 is increased in the same space in the maximum range, so that the maximum sound pressure level of the loudspeaker 10 is maximized.

In the illustrated embodiment, referring to fig. 6-9, the first axial direction is the up-down direction of the connecting member 14, and the second axial direction is two, one of which is the left-right direction of the connecting member 14, and the other is the front-rear direction of the connecting member 14.

The frame 12 is provided with a vent hole 18 corresponding to each vibrating diaphragm 16, the vibrating diaphragms 16 are communicated with the air flow in the frame 12 through the vent holes 18, and the periphery of each vibrating diaphragm 16 is fixedly connected to the peripheral outer surface of each vent hole 18, so that the dome and the folded ring parts of the vibrating diaphragms 16 correspond to the vent holes 18, and interference to normal vibration of the vibrating diaphragms 16 is avoided. In order to facilitate assembly of the components of the speaker 10, the top surface of the frame 12 is designed to be an open structure, and an upper cover plate 20 is disposed on the top side of the frame 12, and the upper cover plate 20 is detachably disposed on the top end of the frame 12, so as to facilitate disassembly and assembly of the speaker 10. Correspondingly, the vent 18 on the top side of the frame 12 is disposed on the upper cover 20.

The diaphragm system further includes a voice coil 22 and a flexible circuit board 24, the voice coil 22 having a square shape. In this embodiment, six voice coils 22 are provided, two flexible circuit boards 24 are provided, each voice coil 22 is disposed between a corresponding diaphragm 16 and the connecting member 14, specifically, one end of each voice coil 22 is fixedly connected with the connecting member 14, and the other end is fixedly connected with the corresponding diaphragm 16, so that the diaphragm 16 can vibrate by expanding or contracting along with each side surface of the connecting member 14 through the voice coil 22.

The connecting piece 14 is fixedly connected with the six voice coils 22 to form an internal core assembly, two voice coils 22 on the same axis are stressed to perform displacement movement, and the other four voice coils 22 passively generate the same displacement movement.

It should be understood that, in other embodiments, it is also possible to design that the voice coil 22 is disposed only on one side of the active surface of the connecting member 14 to generate a driving force between the voice coil 22 and the magnetic circuit system to drive the active surface of the connecting member 14 to expand or contract, and the passive surface of the connecting member 14 and the corresponding diaphragm 16 may not be disposed, but be fixedly connected by other connecting elements, or the passive surface may be directly fixedly connected with the corresponding diaphragm 16, so long as it is capable of driving the corresponding diaphragm 16 to vibrate when the passive surface of the connecting member 14 vibrates.

As shown in fig. 15-16, the voice coil 22 is fixedly connected to the connecting member 14 in various manners, for example, one end of the voice coil 22 is directly connected to the side of the connecting member 14 and is fixed by adhesive bonding; alternatively, a slot is provided on the side of the connector 14, and the voice coil 22 is inserted into the slot; alternatively, an intermediate connection member is provided, one end of which is fixedly connected to the voice coil 22 and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the side of the connection member 14, so that the voice coil 22 is fixedly connected to the connection member 14 through the intermediate connection member. In this embodiment, one end of the voice coil 22 is directly connected to the side of the connecting member 14, and may be fixed by adhesive bonding, for example.

In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in fig. 8-9, two flexible circuit boards 24 are disposed on opposite sides of the connection member 14 in the first axial direction, respectively, each flexible circuit board 24 being electrically connected to the voice coil 22 on the corresponding side.

The force applied to the connecting member 14 on opposite sides in the first axial direction is provided by electromagnetic force generated by the magnetic circuit system to the upper and lower voice coils 22. Specifically, the magnetic circuit system includes magnetic circuits 26 respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the connecting piece 14 in the first axial direction, where the magnetic circuits 26 are used to drive the energized voice coil 22 to displace up and down to drive the diaphragm 16 in the up and down direction to vibrate, and at the same time, the up and down displacement of the voice coil 22 drives the connecting piece 14 to expand or contract in the up and down direction, and the expansion or contraction of the connecting piece 14 in the up and down direction drives the connecting piece 14 to generate the expansion or contraction motion of the same type and displacement in the up and down direction as in the up and down direction under the effect of the inherent characteristics of its own material, and the expansion or contraction of the connecting piece 14 in the up and down direction drives the diaphragm 16 on the corresponding side to vibrate through the corresponding voice coil 22.

It should be understood that in other embodiments, the magnetic circuit system may be disposed in the front-to-rear direction or the left-to-right direction of the connecting member 14.

Further, each magnetic circuit 26 includes an inner magnetic circuit and an outer magnetic circuit disposed around the outer periphery of the inner magnetic circuit, a first magnetic gap 28 is formed between the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit, and the voice coil 22 is disposed in the first magnetic gap 28. The magnetic circuit 26 is supported on a magnetic circuit support 30, the magnetic circuit support 30 is fixedly connected to the frame 12, and the flexible circuit board 24 is supported between the voice coil 22 and the diaphragm 16. Each flexible circuit board 24 is provided with positive and negative connection pieces 32 protruding outwards for connecting an external circuit, and the two connection pieces 32 protrude from the vent hole 18 onto the outer surface of the frame 12 and are located outside the diaphragm 16, for example, in corner regions of the upper and lower surfaces of the frame 12.

More specifically, as shown in fig. 11 and 13, the magnetic circuit 26 is a five-magnet steel structure located on the same plane, and the five magnet steels are all square and block-shaped, wherein the inner magnetic circuit includes an inner magnet steel 34 located at a central position, and the outer magnetic circuit includes four outer magnet steels 36 arranged outside four sides of the inner magnet steel 34, and a first magnetic gap 28 is formed between each inner magnet steel 34 and each outer magnet steel 36. The magnetic circuit support 30 includes a support table 38 at a central position, support legs 40 connected to four corners of one side of the support table 38, and two secondary steps 42 arranged on four sides of the support table 38 at intervals, wherein each support leg 40 is connected with bottom ends of two adjacent secondary steps 42 through a support plate 44, and the whole magnetic circuit support 30 can be in an integrated structure. Wherein, the first-stage longitudinal surface 46 of each secondary step 42 is provided with a through hole 48, the top surface of the supporting table 38 is flush with the first-stage transverse surface 50 of each secondary step 42, a spacing space 52 is provided between the first-stage longitudinal surface 46 of each secondary step 42 and the supporting table 38, and the thickness of the spacing spaces 52 in each direction is the same. The inner magnetic steel 34 is placed on the supporting table 38, the four outer magnetic steels 36 are respectively placed on the first-stage transverse surfaces 50 of the four second-stage steps 42, and the outer magnetic steels 36 are arranged in an abutting manner with the second-stage longitudinal surfaces 54 of the corresponding second-stage steps 42 so as to position the outer magnetic steels 36. One end of each secondary step 42 remote from support table 38 is fixedly attached to the inner wall of frame 12 such that magnetic circuit support 30 is fixed relative to frame 12. The voice coil 22 is located in the first magnetic gap 28, and the bottom end of the voice coil 22 passes through the spacing space 52 downwards to be connected and fixed with the connecting piece 14, and the top end of the voice coil 22 passes through the first magnetic gap 28 upwards to be connected and fixed with the vibrating diaphragm 16.

In the embodiment shown, the magnetic circuit 26 and the vibrating assembly on the upper and lower sides are radially symmetrical to each other. Taking the upper magnetic circuit 26 as an example, the top surface of the inner magnetic steel 34 is N pole, the bottom surface is S pole, the top surface of each outer magnetic steel 36 is S pole, the bottom surface is N pole, and the magnetic induction lines are distributed as shown in fig. 14.

Referring to fig. 8, the magnetic circuit support 30 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the frame 12, only the left and right directions are shown in the drawing, the connection and fixation modes in the front and rear directions are the same as those in the left and right directions, and a gap is formed between the inner side surface of the magnetic circuit support 30, which is close to the center of the frame 12, and the connecting piece 14, wherein the gap is determined by the amplitude, so that the connecting piece 14 is ensured not to collide with the magnetic circuit support 30 and the magnetic circuit system in the expansion process.

In the illustrated embodiment, as shown in fig. 11-12, the eight corners of the connecting member 14 are each provided with notches 56 for forming the relief positions of the upper and lower magnetic circuit supports 30. Specifically, the bottom surface of the support plate 44 is spaced from the bottom surface of the notch 56 by a distance D, and the bottom surface of the first-stage lateral portion of the second-stage step 42 is also spaced from the top surface of the connecting member 14 by a distance D. Preferably, the distance D is set to be 1.2 times or more the amplitude of the diaphragm 16 to avoid affecting the vibration system.

A flexible circuit board 24 is supported between the voice coil 22 and the diaphragm 16. Specifically, referring to fig. 8 and 10, the flexible circuit board 24 includes an inner ring portion 58, an outer ring portion 60 disposed around the inner ring portion 58, and an annular circuit 62 connected between the four corners of the inner ring portion 58 and the outer ring portion 60, and the positive and negative connecting pieces 32 are respectively connected to the outer sides of the adjacent corners of the outer ring portion 60. The inner ring portion 58 is fixed to the center planar portion of the diaphragm 16 on one side and the end portion of the voice coil 22 on the other side, and the outer ring portion 60 is fixed to the peripheral planar portion of the diaphragm 16 on one side and the upper cover plate 20 on the top side of the frame 12 or the bottom surface of the frame 12 on the other side.

When the upper and lower voice coils 22 apply the same and opposite currents, the upper and lower voice coils 22 apply the same and opposite forces to the upper and lower surfaces of the connecting member 14 according to the formula f=bil, and the two diaphragms 16 in the upper and lower directions vibrate in opposite directions at the same time, so as to drive the connecting member 14 to displace in the stress direction. Because the intermediate connection member 14 is connected to the six voice coils 22 simultaneously, when a displacement occurs in a certain direction (up-down direction), the four faces perpendicular to the certain direction (front, rear, left, right direction) are displaced simultaneously in the same direction, and when the up-down direction is displaced to the outside of the frame 12 to expand, the other directions are displaced to the outside of the frame 12 to expand; when the diaphragm 16 is displaced and contracted in the up-down direction toward the inside of the frame 12, the diaphragm is displaced and contracted in the other directions toward the inside of the frame 12, and the diaphragm is driven to vibrate.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 17-18, the structure of the loudspeaker 10 is similar to the embodiment shown in fig. 6-16, except that a plurality of diaphragms 16 are disposed on opposite sides of each second axis, the magnetic circuit system includes magnetic circuits 26 disposed on opposite sides of the connecting member 14 in the first axis, the diaphragm system includes voice coils 22 disposed on opposite sides of the connecting member 14 in the first axis, the voice coils 22 are fixedly connected to the connecting member 14, and energizing the voice coils 22 is driven to vibrate by the magnetic circuits 26.

In this embodiment, four diaphragms 16 are disposed, the four diaphragms 16 are respectively and fixedly connected to the front, rear, left and right sides of the frame 12, and the four diaphragms 16 are respectively and fixedly connected to the front, rear, left and right sides of the connecting member 14 through the fixed connecting member, thereby forming a four-sided diaphragm speaker. The magnetic circuit 26 in the up-down direction drives the voice coil 22 to move up and down in a displacement manner to drive the connecting piece 14 to expand or contract in the up-down direction, so that the connecting piece 14 expands or contracts in the same type and displacement manner in the front-back direction and the left-right direction, and the vibrating diaphragm 16 in the front-back direction, the left-right direction is driven to displace by the fixed connecting piece, so that vibration is generated.

Specifically, the two magnetic circuits 26 are respectively fixed on the upper and lower surfaces of the frame 12, each magnetic circuit 26 includes a first magnetic circuit 63 and a second magnetic circuit 64 which are oppositely arranged, a second magnetic gap 66 is formed between the first magnetic circuit 63 and the second magnetic circuit 64, a voice coil fixing plate 68 is arranged on one side of the voice coil 22, the voice coil fixing plate 68 is a square thin plate, for example, the voice coil 22 is fixed on the voice coil fixing plate 68 and is positioned in the second magnetic gap 66, and two external connection points 70 connected with an external circuit and two internal connection points 72 connected with the voice coil 22 are arranged on the voice coil fixing plate 68 to form a closed circuit, and the power is applied.

In this embodiment, the magnetic circuits 26 and the vibration assemblies on the upper and lower sides are radially symmetrical, and taking the upper magnetic circuit 26 as an example, the first magnetic circuit 63 and the second magnetic circuit 64 respectively include three magnetic steels, the three magnetic steels of the first magnetic circuit 63 are stacked in the up-down direction, and the three magnetic steels of the second magnetic circuit 64 are stacked in the up-down direction. Wherein the upper surface of the bottom layer magnetic steel of the first magnetic circuit 63 is an S pole, the lower surface of the bottom layer magnetic steel is an N pole, the upper surface of the middle layer magnetic steel is an N pole, the lower surface of the middle layer magnetic steel is an S pole, and the upper surface of the top layer magnetic steel is an S pole, the lower surface of the top layer magnetic steel is an N pole; the upper surface of the bottom layer magnetic steel of the second magnetic circuit 64 is an N pole, the lower surface is an S pole, the upper surface of the middle layer magnetic steel is an S pole, the lower surface is an N pole, and the upper surface of the uppermost layer magnetic steel is an N pole, the lower surface is an S pole.

The voice coils 22 on the upper and lower sides are respectively provided with three, the three voice coils 22 on each side are stacked and fixed side by side in the up-down direction, and the left sides of the three voice coils 22 on each side are fixed on the voice coil fixing plate 68.

When current is applied to the voice coils 22 on the upper and lower sides, for example, the upper surface of the connection member 14 generates an upward force, the lower surface generates a downward force, and when the upward and downward forces act on the connection member 14 simultaneously, the front, rear, left, and right sides of the connection member 14 are displaced the same as the upper and lower sides and expand outward; similarly, when the direction of the current is changed, the upper surface of the connecting member 14 generates a downward force, the lower surface generates an upward force, and when the downward and upward forces act on the connecting member 14 simultaneously, the front, rear, left, and right sides of the connecting member 14 are displaced the same as the upper and lower sides and are contracted inward. Thereby driving the diaphragm 16 to vibrate and sound. Wherein, the stress f=electromagnetic force-gravity of the upper surface, the stress f=electromagnetic force+gravity of the lower surface, through controlling the electric current magnitude, in order to produce the same force, act on upper and lower surface at the same time, make the displacement of upper and lower surface the same.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 19, the magnetic circuits 26 on the upper and lower sides may also have other arrangements, in this embodiment, the magnetic circuits 26 on the upper and lower sides and the vibration assembly are radially symmetric to each other, taking the upper magnetic circuit 26 as an example, 6 voice coils 22 and 9 magnetic steels are disposed on the magnetic circuit 26, the 9 magnetic steels form a three magnetic circuit, and two second magnetic gaps 66 are formed, that is, 3 voice coils 22 and three magnetic steels are added on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 17-18, the added three magnetic steels are stacked in the up-down direction and placed on one lateral side, and the added 3 voice coils 22 are stacked in the up-down direction and placed in the finally formed second magnetic gaps 66, and the magnetic induction line direction is shown in fig. 19.

It should be understood that the number and arrangement of the magnetic circuits are not limited in this application, and may be increased laterally, for example, to form four magnetic circuits, or may be increased vertically, for example, each magnetic circuit is provided with four magnetic steels in the up-down direction, so long as the stress condition is satisfied.

It should also be noted that in the above embodiment, the driving force for driving the active surface of the connection member to expand or contract is provided by the electromagnetic force generated between the magnetic circuit system and the energized voice coil, but the application is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, other power devices may be designed to provide such driving force, so long as the expansion or contraction movement of the active surface of the connection member can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 20 and 21, respectively, a BL simulation curve diagram and a frequency response curve diagram of the six-surface diaphragm loudspeaker 10 of the present application are shown, wherein the BL curve shows that the loudspeaker 10 has a relatively good symmetry, the frequency response curve shows that the loudspeaker 10 has a stable curve, the tone in each direction is balanced, the loudspeaker 10 has a relatively wide frequency band, the sensitivity of the loudspeaker 10 is relatively high, and the six-surface diaphragm loudspeaker 10 of the present application has relatively good symmetry and sensitivity in each direction.

The concepts described herein may be embodied in other forms without departing from the spirit or characteristics thereof. The particular embodiments disclosed are illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the application is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. Any changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a vibrating diaphragm system, includes the connecting piece and with at least one vibrating diaphragm that the connecting piece is connected, its characterized in that, the Poisson's ratio value of connecting piece is less than 0 and is greater than or equal to-1, the connecting piece includes driving piece and driven piece, the driving piece sets up two at least, just the driving piece is located same axial, the driving piece with driven piece is located different axial, two on same axial driving force opposite directions that the driving piece received, at least one vibrating diaphragm connect in driven piece, when exerting driving force makes it take place to expand or shrink to the driving piece can drive driven piece take place simultaneously with the same type expansion or shrink of driving piece for vibrating diaphragm vibration sound that is connected with driven piece.

2. The diaphragm system of claim 1, wherein the connector has a poisson's ratio value of-1.

3. A loudspeaker comprising a frame and a diaphragm system according to any one of claims 1-2 mounted on the frame, a drive system connected to the active member, the drive system providing the driving force, the driving force being a magnetic or mechanical force.

4. A loudspeaker according to claim 3, wherein the connecting member is disposed inside the frame, at least one of the driving members is connected to the diaphragm, one end of the driving system is fixedly connected to the driving member, and the other end is fixedly connected to the diaphragm.

5. A loudspeaker according to any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein when the driving force is a magnetic force, the driving system comprises a voice coil and a magnetic circuit, the driving member is fixedly connected with the voice coil, the voice coil is located in a magnetic gap formed by the magnetic circuit, and the voice coil vibrates to drive the driving member to expand or contract.

6. The loudspeaker of claim 5, wherein the magnetic circuit system includes an inner magnetic circuit and an outer magnetic circuit surrounding the inner magnetic circuit, the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit forming the magnetic gap therebetween, the inner magnetic circuit and the outer magnetic circuit being supported on a magnetic circuit support member, the magnetic circuit support member being fixedly connected to the frame.

7. The loudspeaker of any one of claims 3 or 4, wherein when the driving force is a magnetic force, the driving system comprises a first electromagnet and a second electromagnet which are arranged oppositely, the driving member is fixedly connected with the first electromagnet, and a magnetic force change is generated between the first electromagnet and the second electromagnet so that the first electromagnet vibrates to drive the driving member to expand or contract.

8. The loudspeaker of claim 7, wherein the first electromagnet comprises a first coil or a first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second magnet and a second coil wound on the second magnet; or, the first electromagnet comprises a first magnet and a first coil wound on the first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second coil or a second magnet; or, the first electromagnet comprises a first magnet and a first coil wound on the first magnet, and the second electromagnet comprises a second magnet and a second coil wound on the second magnet.