CN115841247A - Digital drilling risk monitoring method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a digital drilling risk monitoring method and a digital drilling risk monitoring device, which relate to the technical field of drilling safety prevention and control, and comprise the following steps: acquiring real-time data of a drilling shaft, describing the actual occurrence state of the drilling according to the real-time data of the drilling shaft, and determining the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling; simulating a drilling occurrence state by using a drilling engineering model, and acquiring prediction data of the drilling occurrence state; comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the well drilling and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the well drilling, determining a well drilling risk index, and setting a risk processing scheme according to the well drilling risk index; and performing drilling previewing according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, determining a drilling risk index according to a drilling previewing result, and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling safety prevention and control, in particular to a digital drilling risk monitoring method and a digital drilling risk monitoring device, which can be applied to real-time monitoring, analysis and diagnosis of potential risk signs in the drilling process of an oil-gas well.
Background
This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the invention that are recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.
In the process of drilling oil and gas wells, different geological environments, well types and well drilling technologies face different types and risk probabilities of drilling accidents, for example, downhole tool failure is easy to occur in high-temperature and high-pressure stratums, accidents such as well leakage and overflow are easy to occur in deep wells and ultra-deep wells, and drilling sticking accidents are easy to occur in highly deviated wells and horizontal wells.
At present, for the above-mentioned stuck drilling accident, a drilling technician mainly adopts two modes of passive prevention and active identification to manage and control the risk of the underground accident, wherein the passive prevention means that a treatment measure is actively taken in a well section where the accident is easy to occur before the underground accident occurs to avoid the drilling risk, but the mode is easy to increase the cost; the active identification processing mainly depends on the change rule and characteristics of field engineering parameters by engineering personnel with abundant operation experience to pre-judge possible underground accidents and adopt corresponding prevention and corresponding measures. Meanwhile, the implementation effects of the two methods depend on the subjective experiences of field operators to a great extent, the potential drilling risks cannot be accurately, quickly and scientifically monitored and diagnosed in the drilling process, and an effective means for sending early warning information to the operators in the early stage of underground accidents or before the accidents occur is lacked.
The traditional engineering accident early warning technology represented by the comprehensive logging technology adopts a threshold early warning mode to perform abnormal alarm of drilling accidents by measuring operation parameters in real time, but the comprehensive logging abnormity early warning technology can only perform simple parameter report on the flow in a drill column, a well wall and a shaft due to the fact that a matched professional analysis system is lacked, accidents are deteriorated when early warning is sent out, and the early warning effect is poor.
In view of the above, a technical solution for effectively monitoring and early warning an underground accident, which can overcome the above drawbacks, is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a digital drilling risk monitoring method and a digital drilling risk monitoring device; the method and the device realize complex analysis and timely early warning of the accidents to be happened in the shaft based on dynamic simulation data and real-time data reflecting the system state, and help engineering operators determine reasonable drilling engineering measures to avoid accident risks by analyzing and simulating the change conditions of construction results under different construction parameters and working conditions in the drilling and completion operation process.
In a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for monitoring a digital drilling risk is provided, including:
acquiring real-time data of a well drilling shaft, describing an actual well drilling occurrence state according to the real-time data of the well drilling shaft, and determining actual data of the actual well drilling occurrence state;
simulating a drilling occurrence state by using a drilling engineering model, and acquiring prediction data of the drilling occurrence state;
comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the well drilling and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the well drilling, determining a well drilling risk index, and setting a risk processing scheme according to the well drilling risk index;
and performing drilling previewing according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, determining a drilling risk index according to a drilling previewing result, and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a digital drilling risk monitoring apparatus is provided, including:
the multivariate data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time data of a drilling shaft, describing the actual drilling occurrence state according to the real-time data of the drilling shaft and determining the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state;
the calculation simulation module is used for simulating the drilling occurrence state by using the drilling engineering model and acquiring the prediction data of the drilling occurrence state;
the drilling risk analysis module is used for comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, determining a drilling risk index and setting a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index;
and the operation scheme optimization module is used for conducting drilling previewing according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, determining a drilling risk index according to a drilling previewing result, and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
In a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a computer device is provided, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the computer device implements a digital drilling risk monitoring method.
In a fourth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is presented, which stores a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a digital drilling risk monitoring method.
In a fifth aspect of embodiments of the present invention, a computer program product is presented, the computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of digital risk monitoring of drilling.
The digital drilling risk monitoring method and the digital drilling risk monitoring device can solve the problems that the traditional drilling safety early warning technology has hysteresis and can not realize risk evaluation prediction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a digital drilling risk monitoring method according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a digitized well condition description of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of digitized well condition prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a digitized well condition analysis in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a digital well prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flow chart illustrating digital drilling risk monitoring in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the results of the calculation of riser pressure in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the calculation result of the hook load according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graphical representation of the torque calculations of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graphical representation of hook load, rate of deviation and rate of change of riser pressure for an example well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of an example wellbore stuck risk early warning index as a function of well depth in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of a wellbore friction coefficient check based on downhole weight-on-bit, torque parameters for an example well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a digital drilling risk monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a computational simulation module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and spirit of the present invention will be described with reference to a number of exemplary embodiments. It is understood that these embodiments are given only to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and to implement the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a digital drilling risk monitoring method and device are provided, and the technical field of drilling safety prevention and control is related. The invention provides a digital twinning method applied to a drilling process, which comprises the processes of digital information description, digital predictive analysis, digital analytical diagnosis, digital preview optimization and the like, aiming at the problems of a drilling risk monitoring technology and combining the technical characteristics of digital twinning, forms a new feasible digital drilling risk monitoring method, and designs a corresponding software system.
The principles and spirit of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a digital drilling risk monitoring method according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
s1, acquiring real-time data of a well drilling shaft, describing an actual well drilling occurrence state according to the real-time data of the well drilling shaft, and determining actual data of the actual well drilling occurrence state;
s2, simulating a drilling occurrence state by using a drilling engineering model, and acquiring prediction data of the drilling occurrence state;
s3, comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the well drilling and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the well drilling, determining a well drilling risk index, and setting a risk processing scheme according to the well drilling risk index;
and S4, drilling previewing is carried out according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, a drilling risk index is determined according to a drilling previewing result, and a drilling operation scheme is optimized according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
According to the dynamic simulation data and the real-time data reflecting the system state, the complex analysis and the timely early warning of the accidents to be generated in the shaft are realized, and the change conditions of the construction results under different construction parameters and working conditions in the process of simulating the drilling and completion operation are analyzed, so that engineering operators are helped to determine reasonable drilling engineering measures to avoid accident risks.
In an actual application scene, the problem of lag of the traditional drilling safety early warning technology is effectively solved, meanwhile, a solution for avoiding complex underground accidents is provided for field drilling operation, the conversion of drilling safety early warning from parameter abnormal reports to accident risk prediction and active prevention is realized, and the future scientific and automatic drilling technology development is supported.
In order to explain the above digital drilling risk monitoring method more clearly, the following detailed description is made in conjunction with each step.
In S1, referring to fig. 2, acquiring real-time data of a drilling wellbore, describing an actual drilling occurrence state according to the real-time data of the drilling wellbore, and determining the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state in a detailed process:
s101, receiving real-time data of a well drilling shaft through a comprehensive logging instrument and an LWD/MWD instrument;
s102, establishing a standard real-time data object of the well drilling shaft according to time, depth, working conditions and specialities, designing a corresponding relational data table structure, establishing a database according to the relational database structure, and storing the real-time data of the well drilling shaft;
s103, describing actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well according to the real-time data of the drilling well shaft; wherein the actual data of the actual occurrence of the well comprises at least: hook load, torque and riser pressure.
Specifically, a standard network communication interface is developed aiming at the interfaces of a comprehensive logging instrument and an LWD/MWD instrument, so that real-time data receiving of a well drilling shaft is realized; the method comprises the steps of establishing standard real-time data objects of a well drilling shaft according to time, depth, working conditions, professions and the like, designing a corresponding relational data table structure, managing key building databases by means of the relational databases, achieving real-time data storage of the well drilling shaft, and further describing the occurring state of well drilling.
In S2, referring to fig. 3, the detailed process of simulating the drilling occurrence state by using the drilling engineering model and obtaining the prediction data of the drilling occurrence state includes:
s201, collecting well body structures, drilling tool assemblies, drilling fluid performance and well track data of well shafts to be analyzed on site, predicting the pressure of the vertical pipes at different well depth positions by using a drilling hydraulics model, and storing calculation results into a database;
s202, according to the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid performance and the well track data of the well shaft to be analyzed on site, hook loads and torques at different working conditions and well depth positions are predicted by utilizing a drill string mechanical model, and the results are stored in a database.
Specifically, aiming at an underground shaft environment formed by a drill string, a well wall, annular flowing fluid and the like, an industrial standard friction resistance torque model, a rock mechanics model and a hydraulics model are adopted to model and predict key data of a shaft state, original model calculation results of a drilling tool such as lateral force, axial force, frictional resistance, torque force, circulating pressure loss and the like are output along a drill string subsection unit, an iterative calculation mode is adopted along the well extension, drilling shaft prediction engineering data which can be used for real drilling data comparison and with any well depth step length are obtained, and further the occurring state of drilling is simulated.
In S3, referring to fig. 4, comparing the well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, determining a drilling risk index, and setting a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index includes:
s301, calculating deviation values, deviation rates, change values and change rates of actual data of the actual drilling state and predicted data of the drilling state;
specifically, the calculation formula is as follows:
Y deviation value ＝X Practice of -X Prediction
Y Variation value ＝X 2 -X 1
Wherein, X Prediction The predicted values of the hook load, the torque and the pressure of the vertical pipe are obtained, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the pressure of the vertical pipe is Pa;
X practice of The method comprises the following steps of (1) actually collecting hook load, torque and riser pressure values, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 1 setting the average values of the hook load, the torque and the riser pressure in a first period, wherein the default time interval of the first period is 30s, the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 2 the mean values of hook load, torque, riser pressure in the second period are set, the default time interval for the second period is 30s, hook load in units of N, torque in units of N · m, riser pressure in units of Pa.
S302, forming a shaft stuck drill risk early warning index by using a stuck drill risk early warning model according to the deviation value, deviation rate, change value and change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well;
s303, quantifying a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index, wherein when the index is less than A%, setting the risk as low risk, and prompting normal drilling operation; when the index is larger than A% and smaller than B%, setting the index as a medium risk, and prompting field operators to pay attention to the change of the working condition of the shaft; when the index is larger than B%, setting the index as high risk, prompting field operators to start the pump for circulation, slowly lift and place the pump and continuously observe the pump.
Specifically, real-time comparison is carried out on actual shaft data and predicted shaft data to obtain a deviation value, a deviation rate (0-100%), a change value and a change rate (0-100%); and defining a risk index through the deviation value, the deviation rate, the change value and the change rate, and quantifying the severity of different accident risks in real time.
In S4, referring to fig. 5, drilling preview is performed according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling, a drilling risk index is determined according to a drilling preview result, and a specific process for optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index is as follows:
s401, drilling previewing is carried out according to the real-time data of the drilling occurrence state to obtain a drilling previewing result;
s402, performing sensitivity analysis according to a drilling prediction result, determining bottom hole drilling pressure and torque parameters for avoiding drilling accident risks, and determining a shaft sticking risk index after completing shaft friction coefficient check;
and S403, optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to the risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
Specifically, real-time shaft data are introduced into a digital well condition prediction process, preview diagnosis is carried out on a subsequent drilling plan according to the digital well condition prediction process, a risk index of a subsequent construction well section is obtained, operation parameters under the low risk condition are obtained according to the risk index, and the next drilling construction is guided.
It should be noted that although the operations of the method of the present invention have been described in the above embodiments and the accompanying drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the operations shown must be performed, to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.
For a clearer explanation of the digital drilling risk monitoring method, a specific embodiment is described below.
Taking a well as an example, referring to the schematic flow chart of fig. 6, the drilling operation of the well is monitored for the drilling risk digitally.
And S61, digitizing a well condition description process.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining real-time data of a well drilling shaft, describing the actual occurrence state of the well drilling according to the real-time data of the well drilling shaft, and determining the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the well drilling.
And setting a network communication standard according to a data interface of the comprehensive logging instrument, receiving real-time drilling engineering data such as hook load, torque, riser pressure and the like in real time, and storing the data by adopting a standard MS SQL Server database.
In this embodiment, the network communication specification may employ the TCP/IP WITS0 standard.
Specifically, engineering data such as hook load, torque, riser pressure and the like sent by a comprehensive logging instrument of an example well are received, and the marking format of the engineering data is AABBCCC;
wherein AA represents a data sequence category, 01 represents a time sequence, and 02 represents depth sequence data;
BB represents a parameter mark ID and is 2 digits from 01 to 99;
CCC represents the parameter value.
In this embodiment, the hook load data is labeled 0114CCC, the torque data is labeled 0108CCC, the riser pressure data is labeled 0120CCC, and the specific values for each parameter are based on the data measurements.
The method comprises the steps of establishing a database named Alarm by utilizing an MS SQL Server, wherein a table name named Time _ RealTime _ Data is established, and field names are wid (type varchar (50)), dateTime (type DateTime), hkload (type decimall), torque (type decimall) and spp (type decimall) respectively. Engineering data such as hook load, torque, riser pressure and the like can be stored into an MS SQL Server database in real time according to the format definition for subsequent extraction and analysis.
S62, a digital well condition prediction process:
and simulating the drilling occurrence state by using the drilling engineering model to obtain the prediction data of the drilling occurrence state. Wherein the prediction data comprises at least: riser pressure, hook load, torque values, etc.
The following describes the calculation of the riser pressure in detail.
And collecting the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid performance and the well track data of the well shaft to be analyzed on site, predicting the pressure of the vertical pipe at different well depth positions by using a drilling hydraulic model, and storing the calculation result into a database.
The specific calculation method for calculating the riser pressure of the example well comprises the following steps that key parameters are shown in a table 1, and the riser pressure can be obtained by multiplying the pressure gradient by the well depth; FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the calculated riser pressure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 1 calculation of riser pressure Key parameters
In the calculation formula of table 1, ρ is the drilling fluid density, g/cm3;
d is the inner diameter of the drilling tool, m;
d is the outer diameter of the drilling tool, m;
q is the drilling fluid displacement (flow velocity), m 3 /s；
R 600 The reading of the drilling fluid is carried out at the rotating speed of 600r/min of the rotational viscometer, and the reading is dimensionless;
R 300 the reading of the drilling fluid at the rotating speed of 300r/min of the rotational viscometer is dimensionless;
R 100 the reading of the drilling fluid is carried out at the rotating speed of 100r/min of the rotational viscometer, and the reading is dimensionless;
R 3 the reading of the drilling fluid is carried out at the rotating speed of 3r/min of the rotational viscometer, and no dimension exists;
the calculation of the hook load and torque values will be described in detail below.
And collecting the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid performance and the well track data of the well shaft to be analyzed on site, predicting hook load and torque values of different working conditions and well depth positions by using a drilling string mechanics calculation model, and storing the results into a database.
The key parameters related to the specific calculation method for calculating the hook load and the torque of the example well are shown in the table 2, and the hook load and the torque can be obtained according to recursion formulas under different working conditions; FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation result of the hook load according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the torque calculation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 2 calculation of key hook load and torque parameters under different conditions
Wherein alpha is 1 、α 2 、
The well inclination angle and the azimuth angle, rad, of an upper measuring point and a lower measuring point of a measuring section where the unit tubular column is located are respectively measured;
W b is the float weight of the unit tubular column, N;
T 2 the axial force N of the lower end face of the unit tubular column;
gamma is dog leg angle, rad of the measuring section where the unit tubular column is located;
N r the positive pressure is the contact pressure between the unit pipe column and the well wall, N;
e is the elastic modulus of the pipe column material, pa/m 2 ；
I is the bending moment of inertia of the pipe string, m 4 ；
K' is the borehole curvature, rad/m;
l is the length of the analyzed string section, m;
D w is the borehole diameter, m;
D o m is the outer diameter of the pipe column;
f' is the comprehensive friction coefficient of the drill column and the shaft;
f is the frictional resistance to the unit column, N.
S63, a digital well condition analysis process:
and comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the well drilling and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the well drilling, determining a well drilling risk index, and setting a risk processing scheme according to the well drilling risk index.
Calculating deviation values, change values, deviation rates and change rates of actual and predicted hook loads, torques and riser pressures in real time, and calculating a stuck drilling risk index, the deviation values, the change values, the deviation rates and the change rates;
specifically, the calculation method is as follows:
Y deviation value ＝X Practice of -X Prediction
Y Variation value ＝X 2 -X 1
Wherein, X Prediction The predicted values of the hook load, the torque and the pressure of the vertical pipe are obtained, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the pressure of the vertical pipe is Pa;
X practice of The method comprises the following steps of (1) actually collecting hook load, torque and riser pressure values, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 1 setting the average values of the hook load, the torque and the riser pressure in a first period, wherein the default time interval of the first period is 30s, the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 2 the mean values of hook load, torque, riser pressure in the second period are set, the default time interval for the second period is 30s, hook load in units of N, torque in units of N · m, riser pressure in units of Pa.
Determining parameter change and deviation conditions of shaft engineering in the drilling process according to the calculated theoretical load, torque, deviation rate of the vertical pipe parameters and actual parameter, the actual drilling ground load, torque and the deviation rate of the vertical pipe parameters in the drilling process; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the hook load, rate of deviation and rate of change of riser pressure for an example well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Forming a shaft stuck drill risk early warning index based on a built-in stuck drill risk early warning model of the system according to the actual engineering parameter value, the predicted engineering parameter deviation rate and the actual drill engineering parameter change rate; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
when the index is small, A%, the index is set to be low-risk green, and drilling operation can be normally carried out;
when the index is larger than A% and smaller than B%, the index is set to be yellow with medium risk, and field operators need to pay attention to the working condition change of the shaft;
when the index is larger than B%, the index is set to be high-risk red, and field operators need to take measures such as pump circulation starting, slow lifting and lowering observation and the like to improve the working condition of the shaft.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an example wellbore stuck risk early warning index as a function of well depth in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
S64, a digital well condition preview process:
drilling is performed according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling, a drilling risk index is determined according to the drilling prediction result, and a drilling operation scheme is optimized according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index:
and (4) performing sensitivity analysis by combining with real drilling engineering parameters, determining the optimal bottom hole drilling pressure and torque parameters capable of ensuring the early warning precision of the drilling sticking risk, and determining the drilling sticking risk index of the shaft after finishing checking the friction coefficient of the shaft.
FIG. 12 is a schematic representation of a borehole friction coefficient check based on downhole weight-on-bit and torque parameters for an example well in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, a hook load sensitivity curve with a casing section friction coefficient of 0.2 and naked eye section friction coefficients of 0.25, 0.3 and 0.4 is calculated under the working condition of tripping, the friction coefficient of the naked eye section is determined to be 0.3 by comparing with the actually measured hook load, and the hook load, the torque and the riser pressure are recalculated by utilizing the given underground drilling pressure and the given torque, so that the drilling parameters calculated by the current drilling sticking risk early warning model are ensured to be optimal.
Having described the method of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a digital drilling risk monitoring apparatus of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is next described with reference to fig. 13.
The implementation of the digital drilling risk monitoring device can refer to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated. The term "module" or "unit" used hereinafter may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a digital drilling risk monitoring device, as shown in fig. 13, the device comprises:
the multivariate data acquisition module 110 is used for acquiring real-time data of a drilling shaft, describing the actual occurrence state of the drilling according to the real-time data of the drilling shaft and determining the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling;
the calculation simulation module 120 is used for simulating the drilling occurrence state by using the drilling engineering model and acquiring the prediction data of the drilling occurrence state;
the drilling risk analysis module 130 is configured to compare well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, determine a drilling risk index, and set a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index;
and the operation scheme optimization module 140 is configured to perform drilling rehearsal according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, determine a drilling risk index according to a drilling rehearsal result, and optimize a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
In an embodiment, the multivariate data acquisition module 110 is specifically configured to:
receiving real-time data of a drilling shaft through a comprehensive logging instrument and an LWD/MWD instrument;
establishing a standard drilling shaft real-time data object according to time, depth, working conditions and specialities, designing a corresponding relational data table structure, building a database according to the relational database structure, and storing the real-time data of the drilling shaft;
describing actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well according to the real-time data of the drilling well shaft; wherein the actual data of the actual occurrence of the well comprises at least: hook load, torque and riser pressure.
Specifically, the multivariate data acquisition module 110 is in network communication with the drilling field instrument, and network data are analyzed to local sites in real time by adopting TCP/IP, UDP/IP, series and Modbus network communication interfaces
In an embodiment, the calculation simulation module 120 is specifically configured to:
collecting the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid performance and the well track data of a shaft to be analyzed on site, predicting the pressure of a vertical pipe at different well depth positions by using a drilling hydraulics model, and storing the calculation result into a database;
according to the structure of a shaft body of a shaft to be analyzed, a drilling tool assembly, the performance of drilling fluid and well track data on site, hook loads and torques at different working conditions and well depth positions are predicted by utilizing a drill string mechanical model, and the results are stored in a database.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 14, a specific architecture diagram of the computational simulation module is shown. As shown in fig. 14, the calculation simulation module includes:
the drilling hydraulics calculation simulation unit 121 is used for realizing a digital well condition prediction process, performing simulation calculation on the hydraulics of the annulus fluid in the shaft, and analyzing annulus hydraulics parameters such as fluctuation pressure, well cleaning, circulation pressure loss, riser pressure and the like;
the drill string mechanics calculation simulation unit 122 is used for realizing a digital well condition prediction process, performing simulation calculation on a shaft drill string object, and analyzing drill string parameters such as drilling tool friction resistance, ground torque, ground hook load and the like under different working conditions;
and the drilling rock mechanics calculation simulation unit 123 is used for realizing a digital well condition prediction process, performing simulation calculation on a shaft wall object of a shaft, and analyzing the drillability, brittleness, strength and formation pressure of the rock.
In one embodiment, the drilling risk analysis module 130 is specifically configured to:
calculating deviation value, deviation rate, change value and change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Y deviation value ＝X Practice of -X Prediction
Y Variation value ＝X 2 -X 1
Wherein, X Prediction The predicted values of the hook load, the torque and the pressure of the vertical pipe are obtained, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the pressure of the vertical pipe is Pa;
X practice of The method comprises the following steps of (1) actually collecting hook load, torque and riser pressure values, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 1 setting the average values of the hook load, the torque and the riser pressure in a first period, wherein the default time interval of the first period is 30s, the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 2 the mean values of hook load, torque, riser pressure in the second period are set, the default time interval for the second period is 30s, hook load in units of N, torque in units of N · m, riser pressure in units of Pa.
In one embodiment, the drilling risk analysis module 130 is specifically configured to:
forming a shaft stuck drill risk early warning index by using a stuck drill risk early warning model according to the deviation value, the deviation rate, the change value and the change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well;
quantifying a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index, wherein when the index is less than A%, setting the risk as low risk, and prompting normal drilling operation; when the index is larger than A% and smaller than B%, setting the index as a medium risk, and prompting field operators to pay attention to the change of the working condition of the shaft; when the index is larger than B%, setting the index as high risk, prompting field operators to start the pump for circulation, slowly lift and place the pump and continuously observe the pump.
In an embodiment, the job scenario optimization module 140 is specifically configured to:
drilling forecasting is carried out according to the real-time data of the drilling occurrence state to obtain a drilling forecasting result;
carrying out sensitivity analysis according to a drilling prediction result, determining bottom hole drilling pressure and torque parameters for avoiding drilling accident risks, and determining a shaft sticking risk index after completing shaft friction coefficient check;
and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to the risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
It should be noted that although several modules of the digital drilling risk monitoring device are mentioned in the above detailed description, such division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more of the modules described above may be embodied in one module according to embodiments of the invention. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above may be further divided into embodiments by a plurality of modules.
Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, as shown in fig. 15, the present invention further proposes a computer apparatus 1500, comprising a memory 1510, a processor 1520 and a computer program 1530 stored on the memory 1510 and operable on the processor 1520, wherein the processor 1520 implements the aforementioned digital drilling risk monitoring method when executing the computer program 1530.
Based on the foregoing inventive concept, the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned digital drilling risk monitoring method.
Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, the present invention proposes a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a digital drilling risk monitoring method.
The digital drilling risk monitoring method and the digital drilling risk monitoring device can solve the problems that the traditional drilling safety early warning technology has hysteresis and can not realize risk evaluation prediction.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (15)
1. A digital drilling risk monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring real-time data of a drilling shaft, describing the actual occurrence state of the drilling according to the real-time data of the drilling shaft, and determining the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling;
simulating a drilling occurrence state by using a drilling engineering model, and acquiring prediction data of the drilling occurrence state;
comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the well drilling and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the well drilling, determining a well drilling risk index, and setting a risk processing scheme according to the well drilling risk index;
and performing drilling previewing according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, determining a drilling risk index according to a drilling previewing result, and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining real-time data from a wellbore, describing actual conditions of occurrence of the wellbore from the real-time data from the wellbore, and determining actual data from the actual conditions of occurrence of the wellbore comprises:
receiving real-time data of a drilling shaft through a comprehensive logging instrument and an LWD/MWD instrument;
establishing a standard drilling shaft real-time data object according to time, depth, working conditions and specialities, designing a corresponding relational data table structure, establishing a database according to the relational database structure, and storing the real-time data of the drilling shaft;
describing actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well according to the real-time data of the drilling well shaft; wherein the actual data of the actual occurrence of the well comprises at least: hook load, torque and riser pressure.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein simulating the well drilling occurrence using the well drilling engineering model to obtain predictive data of the well drilling occurrence comprises:
collecting the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid performance and the well track data of a shaft to be analyzed on site, predicting the pressure of a vertical pipe at different well depth positions by using a drilling hydraulics model, and storing the calculation result into a database;
according to the structure of a shaft body of a shaft to be analyzed, a drilling tool assembly, the performance of drilling fluid and well track data on site, hook loads and torques at different working conditions and well depth positions are predicted by utilizing a drill string mechanical model, and the results are stored in a database.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein comparing the well conditions based on the actual data of the actual occurrence of the well and the predicted data of the occurrence of the well to determine a well risk index, and setting a risk handling plan based on the well risk index comprises:
calculating deviation value, deviation rate, change value and change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Y deviation value ＝X Practice of -X Prediction
Y Variation value ＝X 2 -X 1
Wherein, X Prediction The predicted values of the hook load, the torque and the pressure of the vertical pipe are obtained, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the pressure of the vertical pipe is Pa;
X practice of The method comprises the following steps of (1) actually collecting hook load, torque and riser pressure values, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 1 setting the average values of the hook load, the torque and the riser pressure in a first period, wherein the default time interval of the first period is 30s, the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 2 the mean values of hook load, torque, riser pressure in the second period are set, the default time interval for the second period is 30s, hook load in units of N, torque in units of N · m, riser pressure in units of Pa.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein comparing the well conditions based on the actual data of the actual occurrence of the well and the predicted data of the occurrence of the well determines a well risk index, and setting a risk handling scheme based on the well risk index comprises:
forming a shaft stuck drill risk early warning index by using a stuck drill risk early warning model according to the deviation value, the deviation rate, the change value and the change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well;
quantifying a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index, wherein when the index is less than A%, setting the risk as low risk, and prompting normal drilling operation; when the index is larger than A% and smaller than B%, setting the index as a medium risk, and prompting field operators to pay attention to the change of the working condition of the shaft; when the index is larger than B%, setting the index as high risk, prompting field operators to start the pump for circulation, slowly lift and place the pump and continuously observe the pump.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein drilling previews are performed according to actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well, drilling risk indexes are determined according to drilling previewing results, and drilling operation schemes are optimized according to risk processing schemes corresponding to the drilling risk indexes, and the method comprises the following steps:
drilling forecasting is carried out according to the real-time data of the drilling occurrence state to obtain a drilling forecasting result;
carrying out sensitivity analysis according to a drilling prediction result, determining bottom hole drilling pressure and torque parameters for avoiding drilling accident risks, and determining a shaft sticking risk index after completing shaft friction coefficient check;
and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to the risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
7. A digital drilling risk monitoring device, comprising:
the multivariate data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time data of a drilling shaft, describing the actual occurrence state of the drilling according to the real-time data of the drilling shaft and determining the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling;
the calculation simulation module is used for simulating the drilling occurrence state by using the drilling engineering model and acquiring the prediction data of the drilling occurrence state;
the drilling risk analysis module is used for comparing well conditions according to the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, determining a drilling risk index and setting a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index;
and the operation scheme optimization module is used for conducting drilling previewing according to the actual data of the actual drilling occurrence state, determining a drilling risk index according to a drilling previewing result, and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to a risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the multivariate data acquisition module is specifically configured to:
receiving real-time data of a drilling shaft through a comprehensive logging instrument and an LWD/MWD instrument;
establishing a standard drilling shaft real-time data object according to time, depth, working conditions and specialities, designing a corresponding relational data table structure, establishing a database according to the relational database structure, and storing the real-time data of the drilling shaft;
describing actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well according to the real-time data of the drilling well shaft; wherein the actual data of the actual occurrence of the well comprises at least: hook load, torque, and riser pressure.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the computational simulation module is specifically configured to:
collecting the well body structure, the drilling tool assembly, the drilling fluid performance and the well track data of a shaft to be analyzed on site, predicting the pressure of a vertical pipe at different well depth positions by using a drilling hydraulics model, and storing the calculation result into a database;
according to the structure of a shaft body of a shaft to be analyzed, a drilling tool assembly, the performance of drilling fluid and well track data on site, hook loads and torques at different working conditions and well depth positions are predicted by utilizing a drill string mechanical model, and the results are stored in a database.
10. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the drilling risk analysis module is specifically configured to:
calculating deviation value, deviation rate, change value and change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilling well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilling well, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
Y deviation value ＝X Practice of -X Prediction
Y Variation value ＝X 2 -X 1
Wherein, X Prediction The predicted values of the hook load, the torque and the pressure of the vertical pipe are obtained, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the pressure of the vertical pipe is Pa;
X in fact The method comprises the following steps of (1) actually collecting hook load, torque and riser pressure values, wherein the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser pressure is Pa;
X 1 setting the average values of hook load, torque and riser pressure in a first period, wherein the default time interval of the first period is 30s, the unit of hook load is N, the unit of torque is N.m, and the unit of riser pressure is Pa;
X 2 setting the mean values of the hook load, the torque and the pressure of the riser in a second period, wherein the default time interval of the second period is 30s, the unit of the hook load is N, the unit of the torque is N.m, and the unit of the riser is N.mThe pressure unit is Pa.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the drilling risk analysis module is specifically configured to:
forming a shaft stuck drill risk early warning index by using a stuck drill risk early warning model according to the deviation value, deviation rate, change value and change rate of the actual data of the actual occurrence state of the drilled well and the predicted data of the occurrence state of the drilled well;
quantifying a risk processing scheme according to the drilling risk index, wherein when the index is less than A%, setting the risk as low risk, and prompting normal drilling operation; when the index is larger than A% and smaller than B%, setting the index as a medium risk, and prompting field operators to pay attention to the change of the working condition of the shaft; when the index is larger than B%, setting the index as high risk, prompting field operators to start the pump for circulation, slowly lift and place the pump and continuously observe the pump.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the job scenario optimization module is specifically configured to:
drilling previewing is carried out according to the real-time data of the drilling occurrence state to obtain a drilling previewing result;
carrying out sensitivity analysis according to a drilling prediction result, determining bottom hole drilling pressure and torque parameters for avoiding drilling accident risks, and determining a shaft sticking risk index after completing shaft friction coefficient check;
and optimizing a drilling operation scheme according to the risk processing scheme corresponding to the drilling risk index.
13. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
15. A computer program product, characterized in that the computer program product comprises a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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