CN115841012B - Method and device for determining minimum inertia bearable by power grid - Google Patents
Method and device for determining minimum inertia bearable by power grid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining the minimum inertia bearable by a power grid, which comprises the following steps: determining transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in a power grid; acquiring a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid according to the transient frequency response model; establishing a power grid power response equation according to the transfer function; obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid; and determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity and the pole frequency specified by the power grid. Theoretical guidance is provided for the frequency stabilization of a high-proportion power system, and the safety risk of the power grid operation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system frequency stabilization, in particular to a method and a device for determining minimum inertia bearable by a power grid.
Background
In the aspect of primary energy structure, the proportion of non-fossil energy exceeds 50% in about 2040 years, so that the non-fossil energy becomes an energy supply main body in China, and the proportion of non-fossil energy in 2060 years is expected to be as high as 80% of primary energy. With the new energy replacing the traditional synchronous generator, the new energy does not have rotational inertia, and the rotational inertia of the power grid is reduced year by year. In addition, the new energy has intermittence and volatility, the active output is greatly influenced by weather and day and night, the frequency modulation burden of the system is increased, and the system frequency stability is greatly influenced. With the east-west electric power transmission, a large-scale alternating current-direct current hybrid power grid is formed in China, and a direct current transmission channel has the characteristics of high voltage level, large capacity and long distance, and direct current becomes a main external power supply of an east city. Meanwhile, the three North regions send high power to the eastern region through the direct current circuit to form a large load section. However, faults such as direct current commutation failure and blocking increase the safety risk of the operation of the power grid, and the power grid loses larger active power after direct current blocking, so that high-frequency or low-frequency problems are prominent.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for determining the minimum inertia that a power grid can bear, including:
determining transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in a power grid;
acquiring a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid according to the transient frequency response model;
establishing a power grid power response equation according to the transfer function; obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid;
and determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity and the pole frequency specified by the power grid.
Further, the transient frequency response model includes: a simplified transfer model of a speed governor, a simplified transfer model of a steam turbine, and a simplified transfer model of a generator.
Further, according to the transient frequency response model, a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid is obtained, including:
acquiring a transfer function of the speed regulator according to a simplified transfer model of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model;
acquiring a transfer function of the steam turbine according to a simplified transfer model of the steam turbine of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model;
and obtaining a transfer function of the generator according to a simplified transfer model of the generator in the transient frequency response model.
Further, according to the transfer function, a power response equation of the power grid is established, including:
determining the active output variation Pm of all the generators and the active power variation Pe of all the loads according to the transfer function of the speed regulator and the transfer function of the generators, wherein,
P m ＝∑ΔP G
P e ＝ΔP
according to the active output variable quantity Pm of all generators and the active power variable quantity Pe of all loads, a power grid power response equation is established, wherein the power grid power response equation is that,
wherein W is the sum of the rotational inertia of the whole-network generator.
Further, obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid comprises:
integrating the power response equation of the power grid to obtain
And solving the integral equation to obtain a curve inflection point of the integral equation, wherein the curve inflection point is the pole frequency of the power grid frequency.
Further, determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity and the pole frequency specified by the power grid, including:
under the limit disturbance quantity delta P specified by the power grid, the minimum limit of the power grid frequency is assumed to be f ex If the current frequency extremum f pole >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k ；
If f pole_k >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced again, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k+1 ；
When f pole_k+1 <f ex At time f pole_k The corresponding power grid generator set and inertia thereof are the minimum inertia values required by the power grid at the moment.
The invention also provides a device for determining the minimum inertia which can be borne by a power grid, comprising:
the transient frequency response model determining unit is used for determining transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in the power grid;
the transfer function acquisition unit is used for acquiring a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid according to the transient frequency response model;
the pole frequency acquisition unit is used for establishing a power grid power response equation according to the transfer function; obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid;
and the minimum inertia determining unit is used for determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity regulated by the power grid and the pole frequency.
Further, the transient frequency response model includes: a simplified transfer model of a speed governor, a simplified transfer model of a steam turbine, and a simplified transfer model of a generator.
Further, the pole frequency obtaining unit includes:
an integration subunit, configured to integrate the power response equation of the power grid to obtain
And the solving subunit is used for obtaining a curve inflection point of the integral equation by solving the integral equation, wherein the curve inflection point is the pole frequency of the power grid frequency.
Further, the minimum inertia determination unit includes:
a frequency extremum obtaining subunit, configured to, under a limit disturbance amount Δp specified by the power grid, assume that a minimum limit of the power grid frequency is f ex If the current frequency extremum f pole >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k ；
A frequency extremum obtaining subunit for determining if f pole_k >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced again, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k+1 ；
A minimum inertia value obtaining subunit for obtaining the minimum inertia value when f pole_k+1 <f ex At time f pole_k The corresponding power grid generator set and inertia thereof are the minimum inertia values required by the power grid at the moment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the minimum inertia that a power grid can withstand provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified transfer model of a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a simplified transfer model of a governor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a simplified transfer model of a steam turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a simplified transfer model of a generator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a full network transient frequency response characteristic in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a grid minimum inertia calculation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for determining the minimum inertia that a power grid can withstand according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The present invention may be embodied in many other forms than those herein described, and those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention may be similarly embodied without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 is a method for determining the minimum inertia that can be borne by a power grid according to the present invention, including the following steps:
step S101, determining transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in the power grid.
The transient frequency response model comprises: a simplified transfer model of a speed governor, a simplified transfer model of a steam turbine, and a simplified transfer model of a generator. Fig. 3 corresponds to a simplified transmission model of the governor, fig. 4 corresponds to a simplified transmission model of the steam turbine, and fig. 5 corresponds to a simplified transmission model of the generator.
Step S102, according to the transient frequency response model, a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid is obtained.
Acquiring a transfer function of the speed regulator according to a simplified transfer model of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model; acquiring a transfer function of the steam turbine according to a simplified transfer model of the steam turbine of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model; and obtaining a transfer function of the generator according to a simplified transfer model of the generator in the transient frequency response model.
Step S103, establishing a power grid power response equation according to the transfer function; and obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid.
The output of the generator when the power grid is in active disturbance is clear by the active response characteristic of each generator, and is shown in figure 2.
A power grid transient frequency response transfer function block diagram is constructed, see fig. 6. Wherein "prime mover, speed regulation system" represents the transfer function of the speed regulator and the transfer function of the steam turbine represented by block 3 and block 4. The rotor equation of motion represents the simplified transfer function of the generator shown in figure 5,
determining the active output variation Pm of all the generators and the active power variation Pe of all the loads according to the transfer function of the speed regulator and the transfer function of the generators, wherein,
P m ＝∑ΔP G
P e ＝ΔP
according to the active output variable quantity Pm of all generators and the active power variable quantity Pe of all loads, a power grid power response equation is established, wherein the power grid power response equation is that,
wherein W is the sum of the rotational inertia of the whole-network generator.
Integrating the power response equation of the power grid to obtain
And solving the integral equation to obtain a curve inflection point of the integral equation, wherein the curve inflection point is the pole frequency of the power grid frequency.
When solving the integral equation, the inflection point of the curve is the extremum of the frequency. If the second derivative of the curve equation, the zero point of the second derivative is obtained, wherein the zero point is the pole moment T of the frequency pole . If the second order of the curve equation is not conductive, a point of changing the direction of the curve upwards or downwards is searched, and the moment of the point is the moment T of the pole of the frequency pole . And bringing the pole time into an equation to obtain the pole frequency.
And step S104, determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity specified by the power grid and the pole frequency.
The minimum inertia required by the current power grid is obtained through iterative solution, see fig. 7.
Under the limit disturbance quantity delta P specified by the power grid, the minimum limit of the power grid frequency is assumed to be f ex If the current frequency extremum f pole >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k ；
If f pole_k >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced again, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k+1 ；
When f pole_k+1 <f ex When the calculation is stopped, f pole_k The corresponding power grid generator set and inertia thereof are the minimum inertia values required by the power grid at the moment.
Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides an apparatus 800 for determining the minimum inertia that can be borne by a power grid, as shown in fig. 8, including:
a transient frequency response model determining unit 810 for determining transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in the power grid;
a transfer function obtaining unit 820, configured to obtain a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid according to the transient frequency response model;
a pole frequency obtaining unit 830, configured to establish a power grid power response equation according to the transfer function; obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid;
and the minimum inertia determining unit 840 is configured to determine the minimum inertia that the power grid can bear according to the limit disturbance quantity and the pole frequency specified by the power grid.
Preferably, the transient frequency response model includes: a simplified transfer model of a speed governor, a simplified transfer model of a steam turbine, and a simplified transfer model of a generator.
Preferably, the pole frequency acquisition unit includes:
an integration subunit, configured to integrate the power response equation of the power grid to obtain
And the solving subunit is used for obtaining a curve inflection point of the integral equation by solving the integral equation, wherein the curve inflection point is the pole frequency of the power grid frequency.
Preferably, the minimum inertia determination unit includes:
a frequency extremum obtaining subunit, configured to, under a limit disturbance amount Δp specified by the power grid, assume that a minimum limit of the power grid frequency is f ex If the current frequency extremum f pole >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k ；
A frequency extremum obtaining subunit for determining if f pole_k >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced again, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k+1 ；
A minimum inertia value obtaining subunit for obtaining the minimum inertia value when f pole_k+1 <f ex At time f pole_k The corresponding power grid generator set and inertia thereof are the minimum inertia values required by the power grid at the moment.
The invention provides a method and a device for determining the minimum inertia which can be born by a power grid, which are used for establishing a power grid power response equation according to transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in the power grid, solving the power grid power response equation to obtain the pole frequency of the power grid frequency, determining the minimum inertia which can be born by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity regulated by the power grid and the pole frequency, providing theoretical guidance for the frequency stability of a high-proportion power system, and reducing the safety risk of the operation of the power grid.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents are intended to be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for determining a minimum inertia that a power grid can withstand, comprising:
determining a transient frequency response model of all synchronous generators in the power grid, the transient frequency response model comprising: a simplified transfer model of the speed governor, a simplified transfer model of the steam turbine, and a simplified transfer model of the generator;
according to the transient frequency response model, a transfer function of the transient frequency response of the power grid is obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a transfer function of the speed regulator according to a simplified transfer model of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model;
acquiring a transfer function of the steam turbine according to a simplified transfer model of the steam turbine of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model;
acquiring a transfer function of the generator according to a simplified transfer model of the generator in the transient frequency response model;
according to the transfer function, a power grid power response equation is established, which comprises the following steps:
determining the active output variation Pm of all the generators and the active power variation Pe of all the loads according to the transfer function of the speed regulator and the transfer function of the generators, wherein,
P m ＝∑ΔP G
P e ＝ΔP
according to the active output variable quantity Pm of all generators and the active power variable quantity Pe of all loads, a power grid power response equation is established, wherein the power grid power response equation is that,
wherein W is the sum of the rotational inertia of the whole-network generator;
obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid comprises the following steps:
integrating the power response equation of the power grid to obtain
Obtaining a curve inflection point of the integral equation by solving the integral equation, wherein the curve inflection point is the pole frequency of the power grid frequency;
and determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity and the pole frequency specified by the power grid.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a minimum inertia that the power grid can withstand based on the limit disturbance variable specified by the power grid and the pole frequency comprises:
under the limit disturbance quantity delta P specified by the power grid, the minimum limit of the power grid frequency is assumed to be f ex If the current frequency extremum f pole >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k ；
If f pole_k >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced again, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k+1 ；
When f pole_k+1 <f ex At time f pole_k Corresponding toThe power grid generator set and inertia thereof are minimum inertia values required by the power grid at the moment.
3. An apparatus for determining a minimum inertia that a power grid can withstand, comprising:
a transient frequency response model determining unit, configured to determine transient frequency response models of all synchronous generators in a power grid, where the transient frequency response models include: a simplified transfer model of the speed governor, a simplified transfer model of the steam turbine, and a simplified transfer model of the generator;
the transfer function obtaining unit is configured to obtain a transfer function of a transient frequency response of the power grid according to the transient frequency response model, and includes:
acquiring a transfer function of the speed regulator according to a simplified transfer model of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model;
acquiring a transfer function of the steam turbine according to a simplified transfer model of the steam turbine of the speed regulator in the transient frequency response model;
acquiring a transfer function of the generator according to a simplified transfer model of the generator in the transient frequency response model;
the pole frequency obtaining unit is configured to establish a power grid power response equation according to the transfer function, and includes:
determining the active output variation Pm of all the generators and the active power variation Pe of all the loads according to the transfer function of the speed regulator and the transfer function of the generators, wherein,
P m ＝∑ΔP G
P e ＝ΔP
according to the active output variable quantity Pm of all generators and the active power variable quantity Pe of all loads, a power grid power response equation is established, wherein the power grid power response equation is that,
wherein W is the sum of the rotational inertia of the whole-network generator;
obtaining the pole frequency of the power grid frequency by solving the power response equation of the power grid comprises the following steps:
an integration subunit, configured to integrate the power response equation of the power grid to obtain
The solving subunit is used for obtaining a curve inflection point of the integral equation by solving the integral equation, wherein the curve inflection point is the pole frequency of the power grid frequency;
and the minimum inertia determining unit is used for determining the minimum inertia bearable by the power grid according to the limit disturbance quantity regulated by the power grid and the pole frequency.
4. A device according to claim 3, characterized by a minimum inertia determination unit comprising:
a frequency extremum obtaining subunit, configured to, under a limit disturbance amount Δp specified by the power grid, assume that a minimum limit of the power grid frequency is f ex If the current frequency extremum f pole >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k ；
A frequency extremum obtaining subunit for determining if f pole_k >f ex One of the current generator sets is reduced again, and the frequency extremum f is acquired again pole_k+1 ；
A minimum inertia value obtaining subunit for obtaining the minimum inertia value when f pole_k+1 <f ex At time f pole_k The corresponding power grid generator set and inertia thereof are the minimum inertia values required by the power grid at the moment.
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