CN115833802B - Bootstrap circuit driving method and device, controller and power utilization system - Google Patents

Bootstrap circuit driving method and device, controller and power utilization system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115833802B
CN115833802B CN202210018407.1A CN202210018407A CN115833802B CN 115833802 B CN115833802 B CN 115833802B CN 202210018407 A CN202210018407 A CN 202210018407A CN 115833802 B CN115833802 B CN 115833802B
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voltage
target
bootstrap
bridge arm
bootstrap capacitor
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CN115833802A (en
Inventor
张怀森
姚远
林贵应
李盟
何炜琛
颜昱
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210018407.1A priority Critical patent/CN115833802B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2023/070464 priority patent/WO2023131191A1/en
Publication of CN115833802A publication Critical patent/CN115833802A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/06—Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/687—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being field-effect transistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K7/00—Modulating pulses with a continuously-variable modulating signal
    • H03K7/08—Duration or width modulation ; Duty cycle modulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The application discloses a bootstrap circuit driving method and device, a controller and an electric system, relates to the technical field of circuit control, and mainly aims to reduce the probability of undervoltage of a bootstrap capacitor of a bootstrap circuit in a soft start scene; the main technical scheme comprises the following steps: when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, a lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be turned on, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube; when the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach a target voltage, controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.

Description

Bootstrap circuit driving method and device, controller and power utilization system
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of circuit control technologies, and in particular, to a bootstrap circuit driving method and apparatus, a controller, and an electrical system.
Background
In the traditional bootstrap circuit, when the system where the bootstrap circuit is positioned is in soft start, the PWM (Pulse width modulation ) wave frequency of driving the lower bridge arm switching tube is high and the duty ratio is small, so that the turn-on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube is extremely short, the bootstrap capacitor cannot be fully charged, and under-voltage occurs. The bootstrap capacitor will not provide sufficient drive voltage for the upper leg switching tube when under-voltage. The upper arm switch has a larger turn-on loss when the drive voltage is insufficient. The switching loss of the upper bridge arm switching tube is increased, the circuit efficiency is low if the upper bridge arm switching tube is light, and the system under-voltage shutdown is directly caused if the upper bridge arm switching tube is heavy.
Content of the application
In view of the above problems, the present application provides a bootstrap circuit driving method and apparatus, a controller, and an electric system, and is mainly aimed at reducing the probability of under-voltage occurrence of a bootstrap capacitor of a bootstrap circuit in a soft start scenario.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a bootstrap circuit driving method, which includes:
When the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, a lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be turned on, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube;
When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach a target voltage, controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
According to the bootstrap circuit driving method, when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, the lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be turned on, so that the voltage end charges the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube. When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened, the target system is controlled to be started in a soft mode. Therefore, in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, before the target system is in soft start, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is pre-charged to the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on, so that even if the PWM wave frequency for driving the lower bridge arm switching tube is high and the duty ratio is small during the soft start of the target system, the turn-on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube is extremely short, the bootstrap capacitor cannot be undervoltage, and the voltage stored by the bootstrap capacitor can drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely turned on in a short time, thereby reducing the probability of the undervoltage shutdown of the target system.
In some embodiments, when the duration of the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube is detected to reach a target time, determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage.
In some embodiments, when the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube reaches the target time, collecting the current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor; and when the current voltage is detected to reach the target voltage, determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: and when the current voltage is detected not to reach the target voltage, at least one time of acquisition is performed on the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, and if the acquired voltage does not reach the target voltage, an undervoltage prompt is sent out, wherein the same time interval is reserved between the acquisitions.
In some embodiments, the method further comprises: acquiring a capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor and a resistance value of a current-limiting resistor of the bootstrap circuit, wherein the current-limiting resistor is arranged at the upstream of the bootstrap capacitor, and a charging voltage of the voltage end is transmitted to the bootstrap capacitor through the current-limiting resistor; and setting the target duration based on the capacitance value and the resistance value.
In some embodiments, setting the target time period based on the capacitance value and the resistance value includes: determining a product of the capacitance value and the resistance value; and correcting the product based on a target constant, and determining a corrected result as the target duration, wherein the target constant is set based on an initial voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, a rated voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, the capacitance value and the resistance value.
In some embodiments, correcting the product based on the target constant includes: and determining the product of the target constant and the product as a corrected result.
In some embodiments, when a start message of the target system and a start message of the bootstrap circuit after the previous stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is started are detected, it is determined that the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be started in a soft mode.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a bootstrap circuit driving device, the device comprising:
the driving unit is used for driving a lower bridge arm switch tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switch tube;
and the control unit is used for controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode when the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
In a third aspect, the application provides a controller comprising a processor and a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions executable by the processor, the instructions being loaded and executed by the processor: to implement the bootstrap circuit driving method as defined in any one of the first aspects.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an electrical power consumption system comprising: a bootstrap circuit and a controller as described in the third aspect.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the present application, and is intended to be implemented in accordance with the teachings of the present application in order that the same may be more clearly understood and to make the same and other objects, features and advantages of the present application more readily apparent.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a bootstrap circuit according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a bootstrap circuit driving method according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a bootstrap circuit driving method according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an electrical power consumption system according to some embodiments of the application;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a PWM wave according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a bootstrap circuit driving device in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bootstrap circuit driving device according to some embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present application, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description of the application and the claims and the description of the drawings above are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion.
In the description of embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, a particular order or a primary or secondary relationship. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and/or" is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" means two or more (including two), and "plural sheets" means two or more (including two).
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like should be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; or may be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific circumstances.
Currently, for a half-bridge circuit, a lower bridge arm switch tube and a low-voltage power supply are grounded, and a stable driving voltage is provided for the lower bridge arm switch tube by the low-voltage power supply. However, the upper bridge arm switching tube is not grounded together with the low voltage power supply, and the middle level of the bridge arm is floating when the lower bridge arm switching tube is cut off, so that stable driving voltage cannot be provided for the upper bridge arm switching tube, and therefore an isolation power supply is required to be arranged for the upper bridge arm switching tube, and the driving voltage is provided for the upper bridge arm switching tube through the isolation power supply. The isolated power supply is typically formed from transformers or the like, which add to the size, complexity and cost of the circuit.
For the above-mentioned deficiency of isolated power supply, the bootstrap circuit is applied, as shown in fig. 1, in which the conventional bootstrap circuit includes an upper bridge arm switch tube 11, a lower bridge arm switch tube 12, a bootstrap capacitor 13, a current-limiting resistor 14, a bootstrap diode 15, and a power supply Vp in fig. 1. When the lower bridge arm switch tube 12 is turned on, the level of the midpoint of the bridge arm is pulled low, and the power supply Vp charges the bootstrap capacitor 13 through the bootstrap diode 15 and the current-limiting resistor 14. After charging, bootstrap capacitor 13 provides a driving voltage for upper leg switching tube 11.
The inventors note that although the bootstrap circuit can reduce the volume, complexity and cost of the circuit, the bootstrap capacitor 13 does not have enough time to charge when the turn-on time of the lower leg switching tube 12 becomes short, i.e., the frequency of PWM (Pulse width modulation ) becomes high, and the driving duty ratio decreases. At this time, the bootstrap capacitor 13 has undervoltage, and the stored voltage can not drive the upper bridge arm switch tube 11 to be completely turned on or drive the upper bridge arm switch tube 11 to be turned on for a slow time, so that the turn-on loss and the turn-on loss of the upper bridge arm switch tube 11 become large, the circuit efficiency is low if the light weight is caused, and the undervoltage shutdown of the system is directly caused if the heavy weight is caused.
The inventors have noted that the case where the on time of the lower arm switching tube 12 is short typically occurs at the time of soft start of the system in which the bootstrap circuit is located. During soft start of the system, the PWM wave frequency driving the lower bridge arm switching tube 12 is high, the duty ratio is small, the on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube 12 is extremely short, the bootstrap capacitor 13 cannot be fully charged, under-voltage occurs, and the voltage stored by the bootstrap capacitor 13 cannot drive the upper bridge arm switching tube 11 to be fully on or drive the on time of the upper bridge arm switching tube 11 to be slow.
In order to solve the problem that the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit is undervoltage in the soft start scene, the inventor designs a bootstrap circuit driving method through intensive research, specifically, when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, a lower bridge arm switch tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be opened, so that a voltage end charges the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switch tube; when the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage, controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
Under the driving strategy of the bootstrap circuit, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is pre-charged to the target voltage before the system is in soft start, so that even if the PWM wave frequency of the lower bridge arm switching tube 12 is high and the duty ratio is small during the soft start of the system, the turn-on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube 12 is extremely short, the undervoltage of the bootstrap capacitor 13 is not caused, and the stored voltage of the bootstrap capacitor 13 can drive the upper bridge arm switching tube 11 to be completely turned on in a short time.
The bootstrap circuit driving method disclosed by the embodiment of the application can be applied to any power utilization system with a bootstrap circuit and used for driving the bootstrap circuit in the power utilization system. By way of example, the power usage system with the bootstrap circuit may include, but is not limited to, a power electrical system, a power supply system, and the like. For example, the power consumption system may be a charging pile.
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present application provides a bootstrap circuit driving method, which mainly includes:
101. When the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, a lower bridge arm switch tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be turned on, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switch tube.
In practical application, any power utilization system provided with a bootstrap circuit can be used as a target system. The soft start of the target system is realized by adopting the technical means of voltage reduction, compensation or frequency conversion and the like, so that the smooth start of the power utilization system is realized, the influence degree of starting current on the power utilization system is reduced, and the power utilization system is protected.
In order to reduce the influence degree of starting current on a target system, and avoid starting over-current protection by an electric system, the PWM frequency of a lower bridge arm switching tube needs to be increased and the driving duty ratio is reduced during soft start of the target system. The PWM frequency of the lower bridge arm switching tube becomes high, the reduction of the driving duty ratio tends to shorten the turn-on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube, and the bootstrap capacitor does not have enough time to charge, so that under-voltage occurs.
In order to reduce the probability of under-voltage occurrence of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit in a soft start scene, when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, a lower bridge arm switch tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be turned on, so that a voltage end charges the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switch tube.
The voltage of the bootstrap capacitor can be charged to an ideal voltage required for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube to be turned on, so that the voltage stored by the bootstrap capacitor can drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely turned on in a short time when a target system is in soft start, and the condition that the target system is under-voltage and stopped is avoided.
102. When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage, the target system is controlled to be started in a soft mode, and the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
The target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened, when the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage, the bootstrap capacitor can still use the stored target voltage to drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely opened within a short time even if the opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube is shortened due to the soft start of a target system, and the condition that the target system is under-voltage and stopped is avoided.
When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage, the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor is enough to drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely opened in a short time, so that the target system is controlled to be in soft start.
According to the bootstrap circuit driving method provided by the embodiment of the application, when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, the lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be opened, so that the voltage end charges the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube. When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened, the target system is controlled to be started in a soft mode. Therefore, in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, before the target system is in soft start, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is pre-charged to the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on, so that even if the PWM wave frequency for driving the lower bridge arm switching tube is high and the duty ratio is small during the soft start of the target system, the turn-on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube is extremely short, the bootstrap capacitor cannot be undervoltage, and the voltage stored by the bootstrap capacitor can drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely turned on in a short time, thereby reducing the probability of the undervoltage shutdown of the target system.
In some embodiments of the present application, the method for determining that the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be soft-started is: when a starting message of the target system and a starting message of the front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit after finishing starting are detected, determining that the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be started in a soft mode.
The starting-up message is generated when the target system is started up, and the starting-up message records the zone bit information of the starting-up of the target system. The existence of the startup message indicates that the startup of the target system is completed. The open report is generated when the front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is opened, the open report records the flag bit information of the front-stage circuit after the front-stage circuit is opened, and the existence of the open report indicates that the front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is opened.
When a starting message of the target system and a starting message of the bootstrap circuit after the front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is started are detected, the target system is indicated to have performed soft start, so that the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start.
The starting message of the target system is an object which is necessarily present after the target system is started and the opening message after the front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is opened is an object which is necessarily present after the front-stage circuit is opened, so that whether the target system is in soft start or not can be accurately detected by detecting the starting message and the opening message.
In some embodiments of the present application, a first method for determining that a voltage of a bootstrap capacitor of a bootstrap circuit reaches a target voltage is: when the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube of the self-lifting circuit reaches the target time, determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit reaches the target voltage.
The target duration is used for limiting the charging duration of the bootstrap capacitor, that is, under the condition that the lower bridge arm switching tube is continuously turned on for the target duration, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after being charged by the power supply end can reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on.
When the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube of the self-lifting circuit reaches the target time, theoretically, the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor reaches the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened, and the voltage is enough to drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely opened in a short time. Therefore, when the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube of the self-lifting circuit reaches the target time, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit is determined to reach the target voltage.
In some embodiments of the present application, a second method for determining that a voltage of a bootstrap capacitor of a bootstrap circuit reaches a target voltage is: when the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube of the self-lifting circuit reaches the target time, collecting the current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit; when the current voltage is detected to reach the target voltage, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage.
The target duration is used for limiting the charging duration of the bootstrap capacitor, that is, under the condition that the lower bridge arm switching tube is continuously turned on for the target duration, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after being charged by the power supply end can reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on.
When the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube of the self-lifting circuit reaches the target time, theoretically, the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor reaches the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened, but if abnormal charge exists, the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor may not reach the target voltage in the ideal state. Therefore, in order to further determine whether the voltage in the bootstrap voltage really reaches the target voltage, it is necessary to further acquire the current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor.
When the current voltage is detected to reach the target voltage, the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor reaches the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be switched on, and the voltage is enough to drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be fully switched on in a short time, so that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit is determined to reach the target voltage.
After the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switch tube of the self-lifting circuit reaches the target time, the secondary confirmation is carried out on whether the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage or not by collecting the current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit, so that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is further ensured to reach the target voltage.
In some embodiments of the present application, based on the second method for determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit reaches the target voltage, the bootstrap circuit driving method may further include the following steps: when the current voltage is detected to not reach the target voltage, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is acquired at least once, and if the acquired voltage does not reach the target voltage, an under-voltage prompt is sent out, wherein the same time interval is reserved between the acquisitions.
When the current voltage is detected to not reach the target voltage, the fact that the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor does not reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on is indicated, and the conditions of abnormal voltage instability and the like or inaccurate current voltage acquisition and the like possibly exist in the process of charging the bootstrap capacitor, so that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor needs to be acquired again for a limited time.
When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is acquired, if the current acquired voltage reaches the target voltage, stopping the subsequent acquisition work, and directly determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit reaches the target voltage.
After the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is collected for a limited number of times, if the collected voltage does not reach the target voltage, the operation is needed: if the collected voltage does not reach the target voltage, the charging process of the bootstrap capacitor or the existence of abnormality of the bootstrap capacitor is indicated, and at the moment, an under-voltage prompt needs to be sent out so that service personnel can perform abnormality elimination treatment based on the under-voltage prompt before the target system is started in a soft mode.
In some embodiments of the present application, for the above-mentioned first method and the second method for determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit reaches the target voltage, the target duration involved in the first method and the second method may be set by the following procedures: acquiring a capacitance value of a bootstrap capacitor and a resistance value of a current-limiting resistor of a bootstrap circuit, wherein the current-limiting resistor is arranged at the upstream of the bootstrap capacitor, and a charging voltage of a voltage end is transmitted to the bootstrap capacitor through the current-limiting resistor; the target period is set based on the capacitance value and the resistance value.
The capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor is the self-contained property of the bootstrap capacitor, and the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor is the self-contained property of the current-limiting resistor. The current limiting resistor is arranged at the upstream of the bootstrap capacitor, and the charging voltage of the voltage end can be transmitted to the bootstrap capacitor through the current limiting resistor for storage of the bootstrap capacitor.
The capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor and the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor directly affect the time period for the voltage terminal to charge the bootstrap capacitor to the target voltage, so that the target time period needs to be set based on the capacitance value and the resistance value.
The method for setting the target duration based on the capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor and the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor is described, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: determining the product of the capacitance value and the resistance value; and determining a corrected result as a target duration based on a target constant correction product, wherein the target constant is set based on an initial voltage before charging of the bootstrap capacitor, a target voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, an end voltage after charging of the bootstrap capacitor, a capacitance value, and a resistance value.
The product of the capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor and the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor is the time constant. The time constant is used for reflecting the charge-discharge time of the bootstrap capacitor.
Since the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor may have a probability of failing to reach the target voltage when the duration of charging of the bootstrap capacitor is the product of the capacitance value and the resistance value, it is necessary to correct the product based on the target constant, and determine the corrected result as the target duration.
The target constant is set based on an initial voltage before charging of the bootstrap capacitor, a target voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, an end voltage after charging of the bootstrap capacitor, a capacitance value, and a resistance value. The target time length obtained through correction is the ideal charging time length in the bootstrap capacitor, that is, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after being charged by the power supply end can reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened under the condition that the lower bridge arm switching tube is continuously opened for the target time length.
The following describes the process of selecting the target constant, and the voltage variation condition of the bootstrap capacitor is represented by the following formula: vt=v0+ (V1-V0) × [1-exp (-t/RC) ], where Vt is the end voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after the duration of charging t, V0 is the initial voltage of the bootstrap capacitor before charging, V1 is the target voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, R is the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor, and C is the capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor. When t=3 RC, vt= 0.95V1. When t=4rc, vt= 0.98V1. When t=5 RC, vt= 0.99V1. It can be seen that the larger the target constant, the maximum the end voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after a period of time t is reached. For example, when the target constant is 5, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after the bootstrap capacitor is continuously charged for t period is maximum, so that the target constant can be 5.
A process of correcting the product based on the target constant, which is to determine the product of the target constant and the product as a corrected result, will be described below. The target time length obtained through correction is the ideal charging time length in the bootstrap capacitor, that is, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor after being charged by the power supply end can reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened under the condition that the lower bridge arm switching tube is continuously opened for the target time length.
Further, another embodiment of the present application further provides a bootstrap circuit driving method, as shown in fig. 3, which mainly includes:
201. Detecting whether the target system is started, if so, executing step 202; otherwise, the step is continued.
Any power consumption system provided with a bootstrap circuit can be used as a target system. Illustratively, the target system is a charging pile.
When the boot message of the target system is detected, the target system is determined to be booted, and step 202 is executed. When the starting message of the target system is not detected, the target system is not started, and the step is continuously executed if no soft start requirement exists.
202. Detecting whether a front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is completely opened, if yes, executing step 203; otherwise, the step is continued.
The front-end circuit of the bootstrap circuit is a circuit in the power utilization system. Illustratively, when the power system is a charging stake, the pre-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is a relay circuit.
When the turn-on message indicating that the front-end circuit of the bootstrap circuit is turned on is detected, it is determined that the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be soft-started, and step 203 is executed. When the opening message of the front-stage circuit of the bootstrap circuit is not detected, the front-stage circuit is not completely opened, and the step is continuously executed.
203. Determining that a target system where the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be started in a soft mode, and driving a lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube.
204. And when the continuous opening time of the lower bridge arm switching tube reaches the target time, collecting the current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor.
205. Detecting whether the collected current voltage reaches a target voltage, and if so, executing step 206; otherwise, step 207 or 208 is performed.
206. Upon detecting that the current voltage reaches the target voltage, it is determined that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage, and step 209 is performed.
207. When the current voltage is detected not to reach the target voltage, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is acquired at least once, if the acquired voltage does not reach the target voltage, an under-voltage prompt is sent out, and the current flow is ended.
208. When the current voltage is detected not to reach the target voltage, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is acquired at least once, and if the latest acquired voltage reaches the target voltage, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage.
209. When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage, the target system is controlled to be started in a soft mode, and the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
Further, in accordance with the above embodiments, another embodiment of the present application provides a controller, including a processor and a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions executable by the processor, the instructions being loaded and executed by the processor: the bootstrap circuit driving method is realized.
Further, according to the above embodiment, another embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical system, as shown in fig. 4, including: a bootstrap circuit 31 and a controller 32 as described in the above embodiments of the present application.
The number of bootstrap circuits 31 may be determined based on the traffic demand, e.g. a plurality of bootstrap circuits are included in fig. 4. It should be noted that, regardless of the number of bootstrap circuits 31, each bootstrap circuit 31 may be controlled by the bootstrap circuit driving method deployed in the controller 32.
Fig. 4 illustrates a sampling line a between the controller 32 and the bootstrap circuit 31, through which the voltage in the bootstrap capacitor is acquired. The controller 32 controls the target system to be soft-started when it is determined that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage.
PWM wave control lines b and c between the controller 32 and the bootstrap circuit 31 are illustrated in fig. 4, where the PWM wave control line b is connected to the lower leg switching tube 12 for sending a driving signal to the lower leg switching tube. The PWM wave control circuit c is connected with the upper bridge arm switching tube and is used for sending a driving signal to the upper bridge arm switching tube.
Fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of PWM waves transmitted by PWM wave control line b of a lower bridge arm switching tube of a bootstrap circuit 31, and it can be seen that there is no waveform change before soft start of a target system without using an M curve in the waveform diagram of the bootstrap circuit driving method according to the embodiment of the present application. The N curve in the waveform diagram of the bootstrap circuit driving method according to the embodiment of the application has waveform variation in the target duration t before the target system is soft started, and the lower bridge arm switch tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be turned on in the target duration t, so that the voltage end charges the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switch tube and charges to an ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switch tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on.
Further, according to the above embodiment of the method, another embodiment of the present application further provides a bootstrap circuit driving device, as illustrated in fig. 6, including:
The driving unit 41 is configured to drive a lower bridge arm switching tube of a bootstrap circuit to be turned on when it is determined that a target system in which the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be soft-started, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube;
And the control unit 42 is used for controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode when the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
According to the bootstrap circuit driving device provided by the embodiment of the application, when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, the lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be opened, so that the voltage end charges the bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube. When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened, the target system is controlled to be started in a soft mode. Therefore, in the scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, before the target system is in soft start, the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is pre-charged to the ideal voltage for driving the upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be turned on, so that even if the PWM wave frequency for driving the lower bridge arm switching tube is high and the duty ratio is small during the soft start of the target system, the turn-on time of the lower bridge arm switching tube is extremely short, the bootstrap capacitor cannot be undervoltage, and the voltage stored by the bootstrap capacitor can drive the upper bridge arm switching tube to be completely turned on in a short time, thereby reducing the probability of the undervoltage shutdown of the target system.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the control unit 42 includes:
the first determining module 421 is configured to determine that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage when the duration of the continuous turn-on period of the switching tube of the lower bridge arm is detected to reach the target period.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the control unit 42 includes:
A second determining module 422, configured to collect a current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor when it is detected that a duration of opening of the lower bridge arm switching tube reaches a target duration; and when the current voltage is detected to reach the target voltage, determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the control unit 42 includes:
The second determining module 422 is further configured to, when it is detected that the current voltage does not reach the target voltage, perform at least one acquisition of the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, and send out an under-voltage prompt if all the acquired voltages do not reach the target voltage, where the same time interval is provided between the acquisitions.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the apparatus further includes:
A setting unit 43, configured to obtain a capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor and a resistance value of a current-limiting resistor of the bootstrap circuit, where the current-limiting resistor is disposed upstream of the bootstrap capacitor, and the charging voltage of the voltage terminal is transmitted to the bootstrap capacitor through the current-limiting resistor; and setting the target duration based on the capacitance value and the resistance value.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the setting unit 43 includes:
A third determining module 431, configured to determine a product of the capacitance value and the resistance value;
A fourth determining module 432, configured to correct the product based on a target constant, and determine the corrected result as the target duration, where the target constant is set based on the initial voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, the rated voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, the capacitance value, and the resistance value.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the fourth determining module 432 is specifically configured to determine a product of the capacitance value and the resistance value; and correcting the product based on a target constant, and determining a corrected result as the target duration, wherein the target constant is set based on an initial voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, a rated voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, the capacitance value and the resistance value.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 7, the fourth determining module 432 is specifically configured to determine a product of the target constant and the product as a corrected result.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the driving unit 41 includes:
the fifth determining module 411 is specifically configured to determine that, when a start-up message of the target system and a start-up message of the preceding circuit of the bootstrap circuit are detected, the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be started in a soft mode.
In the bootstrap circuit driving device provided in the embodiment of the present application, a detailed description of a method adopted in the operation process of each functional module may refer to a detailed description of a corresponding method of the method embodiments of fig. 1 to 3, which is not repeated herein.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are emphasized, and for parts of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
It will be appreciated that the relevant features of the methods and apparatus described above may be referenced to one another. In addition, the "first", "second", and the like in the above embodiments are for distinguishing the embodiments, and do not represent the merits and merits of the embodiments.
It will be clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, specific working procedures of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to corresponding procedures in the foregoing method embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A bootstrap circuit driving method, the method comprising:
when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to need soft start, a lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit is driven to be continuously turned on, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube;
When the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach a target voltage, controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is determined to reach the target voltage upon detecting that the duration of the continuous on-time of the lower leg switching tube reaches a target duration.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the current voltage of the bootstrap capacitor is collected when the duration of the continuous opening of the lower bridge arm switching tube is detected to reach a target duration;
And when the current voltage is detected to reach the target voltage, determining that the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage.
4. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:
And when the current voltage is detected not to reach the target voltage, at least one time of acquisition is performed on the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, and if the acquired voltage does not reach the target voltage, an undervoltage prompt is sent out, wherein the same time interval is reserved between the acquisitions.
5. The method according to any one of claims 2-4, further comprising:
Acquiring a capacitance value of the bootstrap capacitor and a resistance value of a current-limiting resistor of the bootstrap circuit, wherein the current-limiting resistor is arranged at the upstream of the bootstrap capacitor, and a charging voltage of the voltage end is transmitted to the bootstrap capacitor through the current-limiting resistor;
And setting the target duration based on the capacitance value and the resistance value.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein setting the target time period based on the capacitance value and the resistance value comprises:
determining a product of the capacitance value and the resistance value;
And correcting the product based on a target constant, and determining a corrected result as the target duration, wherein the target constant is set based on an initial voltage before charging of the bootstrap capacitor, a target voltage of the bootstrap capacitor, an end voltage after charging of the bootstrap capacitor, the capacitance value, and the resistance value.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein correcting the product based on the target constant comprises:
and determining the product of the target constant and the product as a corrected result.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when a start-up message of the target system and a start-up message of a preceding circuit of the bootstrap circuit after completion of the start-up are detected, it is determined that the target system in which the bootstrap circuit is located needs to be soft-started.
9. A bootstrap circuit driving device, said device comprising:
the driving unit is used for driving a lower bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be continuously turned on when the target system where the bootstrap circuit is located is determined to be required to be started in a soft mode, so that a voltage end charges a bootstrap capacitor of the bootstrap circuit through the lower bridge arm switching tube;
and the control unit is used for controlling the target system to be started in a soft mode when the voltage of the bootstrap capacitor reaches the target voltage, wherein the target voltage is an ideal voltage for driving an upper bridge arm switching tube of the bootstrap circuit to be opened.
10. A controller comprising a processor and a machine-readable storage medium storing machine-executable instructions executable by the processor, the instructions loaded and executed by the processor: to implement the bootstrap circuit driving method of any of claims 1-8.
11. An electrical power consumption system, the electrical power consumption system comprising: a bootstrap circuit and the controller of claim 10.
CN202210018407.1A 2022-01-07 2022-01-07 Bootstrap circuit driving method and device, controller and power utilization system Active CN115833802B (en)

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