CN115826165A - Submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and processing technology - Google Patents
Submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN115826165A CN115826165A CN202211439092.4A CN202211439092A CN115826165A CN 115826165 A CN115826165 A CN 115826165A CN 202211439092 A CN202211439092 A CN 202211439092A CN 115826165 A CN115826165 A CN 115826165A
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Abstract
The application discloses a submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and a processing technology, wherein a sensitization layer is arranged at the periphery of a main body of a communication optical cable, a sensing optical fiber winding layer is arranged at the periphery of the sensitization layer, the sensing optical fiber winding layer comprises a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units and a plurality of filling bundles, and the sensing optical fiber bundle units and the filling bundles are wound on the sensitization layer in parallel; the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and the processing technology have the advantages that the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity integrates communication and detection, and the main body of the communication optical cable and the sound detection function layer can mutually achieve the effects of mechanical reinforcement, water resistance and hydrogen resistance; the sensitivity enhancing layer deforms under the action of external sound pressure so as to drive the sensing optical fiber winding layer to deform, underwater sound signals are converted into optical signals, and the detection of the underwater sound signals is realized; the sensitivity enhancing layer, the filling bundle and the outer covering sound-transmitting structure are adopted to protect the sensing optical fiber bundle unit, so that the smaller pitch of the sensing optical fiber bundle unit can be realized, and the sensitivity is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of submarine cables, in particular to a submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The ocean observation system can be applied to underwater target early warning detection, underwater security and underwater acoustic environment monitoring, and has important significance for ocean environment monitoring. Conventional marine observation systems (e.g., buoys, etc.) are subject to interference from negative factors such as vessel activity, are difficult to maintain continuous and stable normal operation, and may interfere with normal vessel navigation.
The cable on-line observation system adopts a bottom-sitting working mode, is stable and reliable, and can realize long-term, continuous, real-time and on-line monitoring of marine environmental parameters under the condition of avoiding the adverse effects; in the current mode, the central tube type optical fiber in the submarine optical cable is used for detection, and the mode has low sensitivity; in the other mode, the communication and detection functions are realized by combining the submarine optical cable and the detection array, the sensitivity of the detection array is superior to that of the conventional submarine optical cable, but the communication, detection and power transmission functions are realized by using two cable modes, the design and design have redundancy, the production cost and the production risk are higher, and the use convenience is low.
Considering that the detection light unit is a tightly sleeved optical fiber or an optical fiber plus reinforced aramid fiber (non-woven) + a coating layer, the optical fiber has large macrobending loss under a small bending radius, small-pitch lapping cannot be realized, and transmission limitation and detection sensitivity are reduced; in addition, the mechanical strength of the optical fiber is increased by weaving aramid fiber reinforcement or weaving aramid fiber reinforcement coating, but the optical fiber is not resistant to pressure and abrasion, and is easy to damage or generate a fiber breaking phenomenon in the lapping process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an undersea optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and a processing technology thereof, and aims to solve the problem of insufficient detection sensitivity of the conventional undersea optical cable.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an undersea optical cable with improved detection sensitivity, comprising:
the communication optical cable main body is arranged at the middle shaft of the submarine optical cable;
the acoustic detection functional layer comprises a sensitization layer and a sensing optical fiber winding layer, the sensitization layer is arranged on the periphery of the communication optical cable main body, the sensing optical fiber winding layer is arranged on the periphery of the sensitization layer, the sensing optical fiber winding layer comprises a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units and a plurality of filling bundles, the sensing optical fiber bundle units and the filling bundles are wound on the sensitization layer in parallel, the sensitization layer is of a layer structure made of polymer materials, and the filling bundles are respectively arranged on two sides of each sensing optical fiber bundle unit in parallel;
an outer acoustically transparent structure disposed about the periphery of the functional layer.
Further, the outer acoustically transparent structure comprises:
the outer sheath is arranged on the periphery of the sensing optical fiber winding layer;
the outer armor layer is arranged on the periphery of the outer sheath;
and an outer covering layer provided on an outer periphery of the outer sheath layer.
Further, the optical communication cable body includes:
a fiber bundle group;
filling fiber paste, wherein the fiber paste is filled and matched with the optical fiber bundle group;
the optical fiber sleeve is sleeved and wrapped on the optical fiber bundle group and filled with the fiber paste;
the inner armor layer is arranged on the periphery of the optical fiber sleeve;
the conductor sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the inner armor layer;
and the insulating layer is arranged on the periphery of the conductor sleeve.
Further, the outer layer comprises a polypropylene wire layer winding layer and an asphalt coating; the polypropylene wire layer winding layer wraps the outer armor layer, and the asphalt coating is arranged on the periphery of the polypropylene wire layer winding layer.
Further, the outer acoustically transparent structure further comprises a water-blocking tape layer;
the water blocking tape layer is arranged between the outer sheath and the sensing optical fiber winding layer, and the water blocking tape layer is of a wrapping structure, so that the selection range of the lap joint rate is 10-30%.
Furthermore, the sensing optical fiber bundle unit comprises a sensing optical fiber core and a polymer outer sleeve tightly sleeved on the periphery of the sensing optical fiber core.
Further, the sensing fiber core is of a low mode field diameter type.
Furthermore, the winding pitch of the sensing optical fiber bundle unit and the filling bundle is selected within the range of 20-100 mm.
The invention also provides a processing technology of the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity, which comprises the following steps:
a polyurethane layer is extruded on the periphery of the communication optical cable main body to form a sensitization layer, wherein the paying-off tension of the communication optical cable main body is 20-120kg;
uniformly twisting a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units and a plurality of filling bundles on the periphery of the sensitization layer, wherein the sensing optical fiber bundle units and the filling bundles have a ratio of 1;
machining the overcoated acoustically transparent structure at the periphery of the acoustically detecting functional layer.
Further, the pay-off tension of the sensing fiber bundle unit and the filling bundle is 100 to 500g.
The submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and the processing technology have the advantages that the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity integrates communication and detection, and the main body of the communication optical cable and the sound detection function layer can mutually achieve the effects of mechanical reinforcement, water resistance and hydrogen resistance; the sensitivity enhancing layer deforms under the action of external sound pressure so as to drive the sensing optical fiber winding layer to deform, underwater sound signals are converted into optical signals, and the detection of the underwater sound signals is realized; the sensitivity enhancing layer, the filling bundle and the outer covering sound-transmitting structure are adopted to protect the sensing optical fiber bundle unit, so that the smaller pitch of the sensing optical fiber bundle unit can be realized, and the sensitivity is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a main body of a communication cable in an undersea optical fiber cable having improved detection sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an acoustic detection functional layer in an undersea optical fiber cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an outer acoustically transparent structure in an undersea optical fiber cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of an undersea optical fiber cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" include plural referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, units, modules, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, an submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity includes:
a communication cable main body 100 disposed at a central axis of the submarine cable;
the functional acoustic detection layer 200 comprises a sensitivity enhancing layer 210 and a sensing optical fiber winding layer 220, wherein the sensitivity enhancing layer 210 is arranged on the periphery of the main communication optical cable body 100, the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220 is arranged on the periphery of the sensitivity enhancing layer 210, the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220 comprises a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units 221 and a plurality of filling bundles 222, the sensing optical fiber bundle units 221 and the filling bundles 222 are wound on the sensitivity enhancing layer 210 in parallel, the sensitivity enhancing layer 210 is a layer structure made of polymer materials, and the filling bundles 222 are respectively arranged on two sides of the sensing optical fiber bundle units 221 in parallel;
an outer acoustically transparent structure 300 disposed around the periphery of the functional acoustic detection layer 200.
In the prior art, a cable on-line observation system adopts a bottom-sitting working mode to realize long-term, continuous, real-time and on-line monitoring of marine environmental parameters; considering that the detection light unit is a tightly sleeved optical fiber or an optical fiber plus reinforced aramid fiber (non-woven) + a coating layer, the optical fiber has large macrobending loss under a small bending radius, small pitch lapping can not be realized, and the detection sensitivity is low; in addition, the mechanical strength of the optical fiber is increased by weaving aramid fiber reinforcement or weaving aramid fiber reinforcement coating, but the optical fiber is not resistant to pressure and abrasion, and is easy to damage or generate a fiber breaking phenomenon in the lapping process.
In the invention, the submarine optical cable integrates communication and detection, and adopts a layered structure design, wherein the communication optical cable main body 100 is a layer, and the sound detection functional layer 200 is a layer. The communication optical cable main body 100 and the acoustic detection functional layer 200 can mutually perform the effects of mechanical reinforcement, water resistance and hydrogen resistance. Of course, some structural changes are made in the communication cable main body 100 or in the sound detection function layer 200, so that the submarine optical cable can also have a function of power transmission (described in the following embodiments). The outermost layer of the outer acoustically transparent structure 300 is a waterproof structure, and other layer structures can also improve the strength effect by the metal material bundles and the polymer material bundles, and can provide the effects of mechanical reinforcement, water resistance and hydrogen resistance. The outer acoustically transparent structure 300 is located on the periphery of the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220 and the sensitization layer 210, is in direct contact with water, can transmit underwater acoustic signals to the sensitization layer 210, and the sensitization layer 210 deforms under the action of external sound pressure to drive the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220 to deform, so that the underwater acoustic signals are converted into optical signals, and the detection of the underwater acoustic signals is realized. The sensitization layer 210 is made of materials such as HDPE (high density polyethylene), thermoplastic polyester elastomer and the like, the thickness and the selection optimization of the material of the sensitization layer 210 can be adjusted and confirmed through a pressure resistance test and/or a sensitization test, and the selection and the thickness of the sensitization layer are confirmed through sensitization verification. The smaller the pitch size of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 is, the significantly improved detection sensitivity is obtained, and in the present invention, the sensitivity enhancing layer 210, the filling bundle 222 and the outer covering acoustically transparent structure 300 are adopted to protect the sensing fiber bundle unit 221, so that the smaller pitch of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 can be realized. Particularly, in the winding process of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221, the sensitization layer 210 and the filling bundle 222 can form a good buffering effect on the sensing fiber bundle unit 221, thereby ensuring the winding effect.
In conclusion, the communication and detection are integrated, and the communication optical cable main body 100 and the acoustic detection functional layer 200 can mutually achieve the effects of mechanical reinforcement, water resistance and hydrogen resistance; the sensitivity enhancing layer 210 deforms under the action of external sound pressure so as to drive the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220 to deform, and underwater acoustic signals are converted into optical signals, so that the detection of the underwater acoustic signals is realized; the sensitivity enhancing layer 210, the filling bundle 222 and the outer covering sound-transparent structure 300 are adopted to protect the sensing optical fiber bundle unit 221, so that the sensing optical fiber bundle unit 221 can have a smaller pitch, and the sensitivity is improved.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the outer acoustically transparent structure 300 includes:
an outer sheath 310 disposed on the outer circumference of the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220;
an outer sheath 320 disposed around the outer sheath 310;
and a sheath layer 330 provided on the outer periphery of the outer sheath 320.
In this embodiment, the outer jacket 310, the outer armor 320, and the outer layer 330 collectively form an outer acoustically transparent structure 300. The outer sheath 310 is made of a sound-transmitting polymer material (also HDPE), and the vibration of sound acts on the sensing optical fiber through water and the outer sheath 310; the outer sheath 310 prevents intrusion of seawater into the acoustic detection functional layer 200 and the communication cable main body at the same time, and has a thickness determined by the combination of acoustic transparency and abrasion resistance. The outer armor layer 320 (which may be a steel wire wrap or the like) enhances overall structural strength and, in particular, protects the functional acoustic detection layer 200. The outer layer 330 (e.g., a composite layer of a propylene wire layer wrap and a bitumen coating 332) provides structural strength while preventing the ingress of seawater.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in one embodiment, the optical communication cable main body 100 includes:
a fiber bundle group 110;
a fiber paste filling 120, which is filled and matched with the optical fiber bundle group 110;
the optical fiber sleeve 130 is sleeved and wrapped on the optical fiber bundle group 110 and the fiber paste filling 120;
an inner sheath 140 provided on the outer periphery of the optical fiber ferrule 130;
a conductor sheath 150 provided on the outer periphery of the inner sheath 140;
and an insulating layer 160 disposed on an outer circumference of the conductor sheath 150.
In this embodiment, a structure of the main body 100 of the optical communication cable is provided, which is simple to implement and has excellent performance. The optical communication cable main body 100 is structurally modified so that the submarine optical cable simultaneously has a power transmission function.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the outer layer 330 includes a polypropylene wire layer wrapping layer 331 and an asphalt coating 332; the polypropylene wire layer winding layer 331 wraps the outer sheath layer 320, and the asphalt coating 332 is disposed on the outer periphery of the polypropylene wire layer winding layer 331.
In this embodiment, the load effect of the polypropylene wire layer winding layer 331 (forming a structural winding to achieve the strength target) and the asphalt coating layer 332 can provide a greater structural strength, and at the same time, achieve a better waterproof effect. Specifically, the polypropylene wire layer wrap 331 provides primarily structural strength, while the asphalt coating 332 provides primarily water resistance.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in one embodiment, the outer acoustically transparent structure 300 further includes a water-blocking tape layer 340;
the water blocking tape layer 340 is disposed between the outer sheath 310 and the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220, wherein the water blocking tape layer 340 is a wrapping structure, and the selection range of the lap joint rate is 10 to 30%.
In this embodiment, the waterproof effect is enhanced by the water blocking tape layer 340.
In one embodiment, the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 includes a sensing fiber core and a polymer jacket tightly fitted around the sensing fiber core.
In this embodiment, the polymer jacket is made of materials such as low smoke, zero halogen, nylon, and PVC; due to the softness of the polymer outer sleeve, the polymer outer sleeve protects the sensing optical fiber core from being damaged by the external environment and the bending of the sensing optical fiber core on one hand; on the one hand, the damage of the sensing optical fiber bundle unit 221 to the sensitization layer 210 can be reduced.
In one embodiment, the sensing fiber core is a low mode field diameter model.
In the embodiment, the sensing optical fiber core with the low mode field diameter is adopted, so that macrobending loss can be reduced, and the detection sensitivity is improved.
In one embodiment, the winding pitch of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 and the filling bundle 222 is selected in the range of 20 to 100 mm.
The smaller the pitch size of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 is, the detection sensitivity is significantly improved. In the present invention, the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 is protected by the sensitivity enhancing layer 210, the filling bundle 222 and the outer-coated acoustically transparent structure 300; particularly, in the winding process of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221, the sensitization layer 210 and the filling bundle 222 can form a good buffering effect on the sensing fiber bundle unit 221, so that a smaller pitch of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 can be realized.
The invention also provides a processing technology of the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity, which comprises the following steps:
a polyurethane layer is extruded on the periphery of the communication optical cable main body 100 to form a sensitization layer 210, wherein the paying-off tension of the communication optical cable main body 100 is 20-120kg;
uniformly twisting a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units 221 and a plurality of filling bundles 222 on the periphery of the sensitization layer 210, wherein the ratio of the sensing optical fiber bundle units 221 to the filling bundles 222 is 1;
the overcoated acoustically transparent structure 300 is machined around the periphery of the functional acoustic detection layer 200.
In the present invention, the process of manufacturing the main body 100 of the optical communication cable refers to a conventional method, or may be purchased directly. In the process of the processing technology of the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity, processes such as extruding, wrapping and dragging are flexibly selected according to the type of processing materials. The tension of the sensing optical fiber bundle unit 221 and the filling bundle 222 is strictly controlled, and stable production with a small pitch of 20-100mm is satisfied in the twisting process. The process can adapt to the production of the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity, reduce risks and improve the use convenience and stability of the whole system.
In one embodiment, the pay-off tension of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 and the filling bundle 222 is 100 to 500g.
In this embodiment, a suitable payout tension of the sensing fiber bundle unit 221 in the context of the inventive structure is given.
In summary, the submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and the processing technology provided by the invention have the advantages that the communication and the detection are integrated, and the communication optical cable main body 100 and the acoustic detection function layer 200 can mutually achieve the effects of mechanical reinforcement, water resistance and hydrogen resistance; the sensitivity enhancing layer 210 deforms under the action of external sound pressure so as to drive the sensing optical fiber winding layer 220 to deform, and underwater acoustic signals are converted into optical signals, so that the detection of the underwater acoustic signals is realized; the sensitivity enhancing layer 210, the filling bundle 222 and the outer covering sound-transparent structure 300 are adopted to protect the sensing optical fiber bundle unit 221, so that the sensing optical fiber bundle unit 221 can have a smaller pitch, and the sensitivity is improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An undersea optical fiber cable with improved detection sensitivity, comprising:
the communication optical cable main body (100) is arranged at the middle shaft of the submarine optical cable;
the functional acoustic detection layer (200) comprises a sensitivity enhancing layer (210) and a sensing optical fiber winding layer (220), the sensitivity enhancing layer (210) is arranged on the periphery of the communication optical cable main body (100), the sensing optical fiber winding layer (220) is arranged on the periphery of the sensitivity enhancing layer (210), the sensing optical fiber winding layer (220) comprises a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units (221) and a plurality of filling bundles (222), the sensing optical fiber bundle units (221) and the filling bundles (222) are wound on the sensitivity enhancing layer (210) in parallel, the sensitivity enhancing layer (210) is a layer structure made of polymer materials, and the filling bundles (222) are respectively arranged on two sides of the sensing optical fiber bundle units (221) in parallel;
an overcoated acoustically transparent structure (300) disposed at an outer periphery of the functional acoustic detection layer (200).
2. The submarine optical cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to claim 1, wherein the outer acoustically transparent structure (300) comprises:
an outer sheath (310) disposed at an outer periphery of the sensing optical fiber winding layer (220);
an outer armor layer (320) disposed on an outer periphery of the outer jacket (310);
and a covering layer (330) provided on the outer periphery of the outer sheath layer (320).
3. The submarine optical cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to claim 2, wherein the optical communication cable body (100) comprises:
a fiber optic bundle group (110);
a fiber paste filling (120) matched with the optical fiber bundle group (110);
the optical fiber sleeve (130) is sleeved and wrapped on the optical fiber bundle group (110) and the fiber paste filling (120);
an inner armor layer (140) provided on the outer periphery of the optical fiber ferrule (130);
a conductor sheath (150) provided on the outer periphery of the inner sheath (140);
and an insulating layer (160) provided on the outer periphery of the conductor sheath (150).
4. The submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity according to claim 1, wherein the outer layer (330) comprises a polypropylene wire layer wrapping layer (331) and an asphalt coating layer (332); the polypropylene wire layer winding layer (331) wraps the outer armor layer (320), and the asphalt coating (332) is arranged on the periphery of the polypropylene wire layer winding layer (331).
5. The submarine optical cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the outer acoustically transparent structure (300) further comprises a water-blocking tape layer (340);
the water blocking tape layer (340) is arranged between the outer sheath (310) and the sensing optical fiber winding layer (220), wherein the water blocking tape layer (340) is a wrapping structure, and the selection range of the lap joint rate is 10-30%.
6. The submarine optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sensing fiber bundle unit (221) comprises a sensing fiber core and a polymer jacket tightly fitted around the sensing fiber core.
7. The submarine optical cable according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the sensing fiber core is of a low-mode-diameter type.
8. The submarine optical cable according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the winding pitch of the sensing fiber bundle unit (221) and the filling bundle (222) is selected in the range of 20 to 100 mm.
9. A process for manufacturing an ocean optical cable with improved detection sensitivity according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
a polyurethane layer is extruded on the periphery of the communication optical cable main body (100) to form a sensitivity enhancing layer (210), wherein the paying-off tension of the communication optical cable main body (100) is 20-120kg;
uniformly stranding a plurality of sensing optical fiber bundle units (221) and a plurality of filling bundles (222) on the periphery of the sensitization layer (210), wherein the ratio of the sensing optical fiber bundle units (221) to the filling bundles (222) is 1;
machining the overcoated acoustically transparent structure (300) around the periphery of the functional acoustic detection layer (200).
10. The process for manufacturing an undersea optical cable with enhanced detection sensitivity according to claim 9, wherein the paying-off tension of the sensing optical fiber bundle unit (221) and the filling bundle (222) is 100 to 500g.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211439092.4A CN115826165A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and processing technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211439092.4A CN115826165A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and processing technology |
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| CN115826165A true CN115826165A (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| CN202211439092.4A Pending CN115826165A (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | Submarine optical cable with improved detection sensitivity and processing technology |
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